Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1767347
Amy Vega, Sara E. North, Barbara Ruggeri, B. Beck, Marissa Liveris, Al Castro, Nicole Boyington, Wendie Leveille, Thomas E. St. George, Jane F. Hopp
Abstract Three graduate health science programs at a liberal arts university collaborated with a Hispanic senior community center to develop a program to address the needs of the transforming healthcare delivery system with an integrative medicine and health (IMH) and interprofessional practice (IPP) focus. The partnership resulted in a case-based IPP student experience with the goal of developing a student-authored case study to improve the health of center clients using the social determinants of health. The evaluation of student outcomes was based on qualitative analysis of written case studies and validated quantitative assessment tools, whereas client outcomes were measured by qualitative feedback. Final case studies demonstrated a range of case-study completion, with most teams including the majority of unique case-study elements. Senior community clients reported comfort with the program and recommended the program to others. After implementation, the academic-community partnership model was shown to be successful in implementing a strategy to prepare students for the IPP workforce in the absence of best practice recommendations.
{"title":"A cross-cultural integrative health interprofessional practice model using innovative case study and academic hispanic community partnership approaches","authors":"Amy Vega, Sara E. North, Barbara Ruggeri, B. Beck, Marissa Liveris, Al Castro, Nicole Boyington, Wendie Leveille, Thomas E. St. George, Jane F. Hopp","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1767347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1767347","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Three graduate health science programs at a liberal arts university collaborated with a Hispanic senior community center to develop a program to address the needs of the transforming healthcare delivery system with an integrative medicine and health (IMH) and interprofessional practice (IPP) focus. The partnership resulted in a case-based IPP student experience with the goal of developing a student-authored case study to improve the health of center clients using the social determinants of health. The evaluation of student outcomes was based on qualitative analysis of written case studies and validated quantitative assessment tools, whereas client outcomes were measured by qualitative feedback. Final case studies demonstrated a range of case-study completion, with most teams including the majority of unique case-study elements. Senior community clients reported comfort with the program and recommended the program to others. After implementation, the academic-community partnership model was shown to be successful in implementing a strategy to prepare students for the IPP workforce in the absence of best practice recommendations.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82030028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1724602
Erima Denis, A. Pauline, Zalwango Charity, Mwanja Pius, Ntende Jacob, C. Agaba
Abstract To determine the prevalence of pterygium and its associated factors in patients attending Mulago National Referral Hospital Eye Clinic. This was a prospective hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted between January 2019 and March 2019. We selected 516 patients from Mulago Hospital eye clinic(s) using a multistage stratified probability sampling technique. A thorough history and clinical examination were conducted; a pre-tested questionnaire was filled out. Data were entered into a computer using EpiData 3.1 and analysed using STATA 11. A total of 516 patients were recruited of whom 60.3% were female and 39.7% were male. Out of the 516 patients, 70 (13.6%) had pterygium. Pterygium occurrence was associated with Age above 40 years (OR 13.59, 95% CI: 1.78–103.95, p = 0.012), Family history (OR 3.56, 95% CI: 1.72–7.35, p = 0.001), Alcohol intake (OR 2.21, 95% CI: 1.13–3.97, p = 0.02) and Dust exposure (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.03–3.19, p = 0.04). The prevalence of pterygium was high in our study and found to be positively associated with increasing age, positive family history, alcohol intake and dust exposure.
目的了解穆拉戈国家转诊医院眼科门诊患者翼状胬肉的患病率及其相关因素。这是一项前瞻性的基于医院的横断面研究，于2019年1月至2019年3月进行。我们使用多阶段分层概率抽样技术从穆拉戈医院眼科诊所选择了516例患者。进行了全面的病史和临床检查;填写了一份预先测试的问卷。使用EpiData 3.1将数据输入计算机，并使用STATA 11进行分析。共纳入516例患者，其中女性60.3%，男性39.7%。在516例患者中，70例(13.6%)患有翼状胬肉。翼状胬肉的发生与年龄大于40岁(OR 13.59, 95% CI: 1.78-103.95, p = 0.012)、家族史(OR 3.56, 95% CI: 1.72-7.35, p = 0.001)、饮酒(OR 2.21, 95% CI: 1.13-3.97, p = 0.02)和粉尘暴露(OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.03-3.19, p = 0.04)相关。在我们的研究中，翼状胬肉的患病率很高，并且发现与年龄增长、阳性家族史、饮酒和粉尘暴露呈正相关。
{"title":"Pterygium in Uganda: A hospital-based study","authors":"Erima Denis, A. Pauline, Zalwango Charity, Mwanja Pius, Ntende Jacob, C. Agaba","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1724602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1724602","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To determine the prevalence of pterygium and its associated factors in patients attending Mulago National Referral Hospital Eye Clinic. This was a prospective hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted between January 2019 and March 2019. We selected 516 patients from Mulago Hospital eye clinic(s) using a multistage stratified probability sampling technique. A thorough history and clinical examination were conducted; a pre-tested questionnaire was filled out. Data were entered into a computer using EpiData 3.1 and analysed using STATA 11. A total of 516 patients were recruited of whom 60.3% were female and 39.7% were male. Out of the 516 patients, 70 (13.6%) had pterygium. Pterygium occurrence was associated with Age above 40 years (OR 13.59, 95% CI: 1.78–103.95, p = 0.012), Family history (OR 3.56, 95% CI: 1.72–7.35, p = 0.001), Alcohol intake (OR 2.21, 95% CI: 1.13–3.97, p = 0.02) and Dust exposure (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.03–3.19, p = 0.04). The prevalence of pterygium was high in our study and found to be positively associated with increasing age, positive family history, alcohol intake and dust exposure.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90458261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1769316
Y. Hiraga, Shinya Hisano, Katsuhiro Nomiyama, Yoshiyuki Hirakawa
Abstract Background: Psychological factors may induce chronic pain and lead to inactivity after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The impact of excessive variations in physical activity on psychological factors remains unclear. Aims/Objectives: This study investigated the impact of wide variations in physical activity during occupational therapy (OT) in the early period after TKA. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 30 TKA patients. Activities were measured postoperatively for 1 week. Patients were assigned to “good-pacing” or “poor-pacing” groups based on the correlation between physical activity and OT day. The outcome indices were Canadian occupational performance measure, pain (resting and walking), pain catastrophizing (rumination, helplessness, and magnification), anxiety, depression, and pain self-efficacy. Results: Twenty (66.6%) patients demonstrated good pacing, while ten (33.3%) showed poor pacing. The good-pacing group showed increased physical activity as the OT day increased. On the contrary, physical activity did not increase with OT day in the poor-pacing group, and these patients exhibited significantly higher walking pain, anxiety, and depression than those in the good-pacing group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: TKA patients with excessive variation in physical activity during OT demonstrated higher pain, anxiety, and depression. Significance: Physical activity variations could improve the postoperative outcomes of TKA patients.
{"title":"Activity-pacing and outcomes of total knee arthroplasty: A longitudinal study","authors":"Y. Hiraga, Shinya Hisano, Katsuhiro Nomiyama, Yoshiyuki Hirakawa","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1769316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1769316","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Psychological factors may induce chronic pain and lead to inactivity after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The impact of excessive variations in physical activity on psychological factors remains unclear. Aims/Objectives: This study investigated the impact of wide variations in physical activity during occupational therapy (OT) in the early period after TKA. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 30 TKA patients. Activities were measured postoperatively for 1 week. Patients were assigned to “good-pacing” or “poor-pacing” groups based on the correlation between physical activity and OT day. The outcome indices were Canadian occupational performance measure, pain (resting and walking), pain catastrophizing (rumination, helplessness, and magnification), anxiety, depression, and pain self-efficacy. Results: Twenty (66.6%) patients demonstrated good pacing, while ten (33.3%) showed poor pacing. The good-pacing group showed increased physical activity as the OT day increased. On the contrary, physical activity did not increase with OT day in the poor-pacing group, and these patients exhibited significantly higher walking pain, anxiety, and depression than those in the good-pacing group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: TKA patients with excessive variation in physical activity during OT demonstrated higher pain, anxiety, and depression. Significance: Physical activity variations could improve the postoperative outcomes of TKA patients.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88165377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1747343
Sae Aratani, Y. Nakagawa, Yuichiro Sumi, Yukinao Sakai
Abstract Abdominal catastrophe in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a condition in which visceral injury may cause leakage of enteric microorganisms into the peritoneal cavity, resulting in peritonitis. A 50-year-old Japanese male, who had been on PD for 5 years, was diagnosed with PD-related peritonitis. The initial peritoneal fluid culture detected Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis. Antibiotic treatment was immediately initiated. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a pelvic abscess and ileus without mechanical obstruction. We consulted with surgeons regarding surgical intervention. Since mechanical obstruction or perforation was not detected in the initial abdominal CT, abscess drainage was recommended. However, the fever recurred. Abdominal CT performed for the seventh time identified a fistula between the sigmoid colon and pelvic cavity. Surgical removal of the colon was performed. Herein, we elucidate a very rare case of Bacillus subtilis-associated abdominal catastrophe and discuss the clinically important aspects of it.
{"title":"Bacillus subtilis-associated abdominal catastrophe in a Japanese patient with peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis","authors":"Sae Aratani, Y. Nakagawa, Yuichiro Sumi, Yukinao Sakai","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1747343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1747343","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Abdominal catastrophe in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a condition in which visceral injury may cause leakage of enteric microorganisms into the peritoneal cavity, resulting in peritonitis. A 50-year-old Japanese male, who had been on PD for 5 years, was diagnosed with PD-related peritonitis. The initial peritoneal fluid culture detected Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis. Antibiotic treatment was immediately initiated. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a pelvic abscess and ileus without mechanical obstruction. We consulted with surgeons regarding surgical intervention. Since mechanical obstruction or perforation was not detected in the initial abdominal CT, abscess drainage was recommended. However, the fever recurred. Abdominal CT performed for the seventh time identified a fistula between the sigmoid colon and pelvic cavity. Surgical removal of the colon was performed. Herein, we elucidate a very rare case of Bacillus subtilis-associated abdominal catastrophe and discuss the clinically important aspects of it.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88740395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1713280
E. Næss-Schmidt, A. Pedersen, D. Christiansen, N. Andersen, J. Brincks, B. Grimm, J. Nielsen, I. Mechlenburg
Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the physical activity profiles, in patients with stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis and to investigate the association between physical activity and functional performance. Physical activity profiles were conducted using tri-axial accelerometers and functional performance was examined by the “Six-Spot Step Test” and the “Timed Up and Go”. Patients daily performed 5896 ± 3176 steps with an average cadence of 88.3 ± 11.1, 368 ± 418 inclined walking steps and 50 ± 16 sit-stand transfers. Daily activity was modestly explained by functional performance. The activity profiles showed a large variance in activity parameters and results suggest that activity parameters and the two functional performance tests are different constructs.
{"title":"Daily activity and functional performance in people with chronic disease: A cross-sectional study","authors":"E. Næss-Schmidt, A. Pedersen, D. Christiansen, N. Andersen, J. Brincks, B. Grimm, J. Nielsen, I. Mechlenburg","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1713280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1713280","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the physical activity profiles, in patients with stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis and to investigate the association between physical activity and functional performance. Physical activity profiles were conducted using tri-axial accelerometers and functional performance was examined by the “Six-Spot Step Test” and the “Timed Up and Go”. Patients daily performed 5896 ± 3176 steps with an average cadence of 88.3 ± 11.1, 368 ± 418 inclined walking steps and 50 ± 16 sit-stand transfers. Daily activity was modestly explained by functional performance. The activity profiles showed a large variance in activity parameters and results suggest that activity parameters and the two functional performance tests are different constructs.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86261533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1825172
Winifred Serwaa Bonsu, D. Adei, Williams Agyemang-Duah
Abstract Abstract: Studies on the exposure to occupational hazards among bakers and the strategies they employ to control occupational hazards are lacking in Ghana. In this study, we aimed at examining the exposure to occupational hazards among bakers in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana and further explore their coping mechanisms. By employing a cross-sectional design, the study was conducted among 172 bakers in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. We found that the participants were exposed to different types of occupational hazards, including physical (noise, flour dust/smoke, fire, and high temperature), biological (mosquitoes, insects and rodents), psychosocial (stress, verbal abuse, and poor interpersonal relationship), chemical (chemicals in the local soap used to clean and wash napkins after baking), and ergonomic hazards (standing, sitting and bending repetitively). The health risks associated with exposure to the different forms of occupational hazards include rhinitis, excessive cough, irritation of the eye and wheezing, resulting in breathlessness, burns, scalds, dizziness and bodily pain (lower back pain, shoulder pain, neck pain, pain in the hand and, muscle spasm and pain in the leg). The coping mechanisms employed to control occupational hazards comprise the use of a wooden and metallic peel to place and remove bread from the oven, use of peel to move excess fire from the oven, use of mosquito repellent and coil, rest breaks and staying hydrated. The findings of this study are therefore critical to informing policymakers in implementing occupational health and safety policies to safeguard the health of bakers in Ghana and other LMICs.
{"title":"Exposure to occupational hazards among bakers and their coping mechanisms in Ghana","authors":"Winifred Serwaa Bonsu, D. Adei, Williams Agyemang-Duah","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1825172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1825172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Abstract: Studies on the exposure to occupational hazards among bakers and the strategies they employ to control occupational hazards are lacking in Ghana. In this study, we aimed at examining the exposure to occupational hazards among bakers in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana and further explore their coping mechanisms. By employing a cross-sectional design, the study was conducted among 172 bakers in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana. We found that the participants were exposed to different types of occupational hazards, including physical (noise, flour dust/smoke, fire, and high temperature), biological (mosquitoes, insects and rodents), psychosocial (stress, verbal abuse, and poor interpersonal relationship), chemical (chemicals in the local soap used to clean and wash napkins after baking), and ergonomic hazards (standing, sitting and bending repetitively). The health risks associated with exposure to the different forms of occupational hazards include rhinitis, excessive cough, irritation of the eye and wheezing, resulting in breathlessness, burns, scalds, dizziness and bodily pain (lower back pain, shoulder pain, neck pain, pain in the hand and, muscle spasm and pain in the leg). The coping mechanisms employed to control occupational hazards comprise the use of a wooden and metallic peel to place and remove bread from the oven, use of peel to move excess fire from the oven, use of mosquito repellent and coil, rest breaks and staying hydrated. The findings of this study are therefore critical to informing policymakers in implementing occupational health and safety policies to safeguard the health of bakers in Ghana and other LMICs.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86418675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1737354
Aldiana Halim, R. Suganda, Susanti Natalya Sirait, F. K. Memed, Syumarti, Mayang Rini, Nina Ratnaningsih
Abstract Refractive errors lead to visual impairment if they are uncorrected. The prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors in children is considerably high, even though they can be easily corrected with spectacles. To estimate the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors and investigate their associated factors among school children in suburban areas in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among school children aged 11–15 years in randomly selected schools. All students in the selected schools underwent uncorrected, presenting, and best-corrected visual acuity testing. Structured interviews were administered to the parents of children with refractive errors. All associated factors were analysed by multivariate logistics regression. A total of 3035 school children, 1193 boys and 1842 girls, were examined. The prevalence of refractive errors was 15.9% (95% CI: 14.7–17.3), while that of uncorrected refractive errors was 12.1% (95% CI: 11.0–13.4). Lower father’s income was associated with a higher prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.6–2.69; p = 0.26). Worse visual performance (OR:0.38; 95% CI: 0.27–0.55; p = 0.1) and longer distance to primary healthcare services (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.37–0.69; P = 0.1) were associated with a lower prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors. Uncorrected refractive errors were found to be highly prevalent among school children in suburban areas in Bandung Regency. The availability of visual assessment services for children needs to be improved.
{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of uncorrected refractive errors among school children in suburban areas in Bandung, Indonesia","authors":"Aldiana Halim, R. Suganda, Susanti Natalya Sirait, F. K. Memed, Syumarti, Mayang Rini, Nina Ratnaningsih","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1737354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1737354","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Refractive errors lead to visual impairment if they are uncorrected. The prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors in children is considerably high, even though they can be easily corrected with spectacles. To estimate the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors and investigate their associated factors among school children in suburban areas in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among school children aged 11–15 years in randomly selected schools. All students in the selected schools underwent uncorrected, presenting, and best-corrected visual acuity testing. Structured interviews were administered to the parents of children with refractive errors. All associated factors were analysed by multivariate logistics regression. A total of 3035 school children, 1193 boys and 1842 girls, were examined. The prevalence of refractive errors was 15.9% (95% CI: 14.7–17.3), while that of uncorrected refractive errors was 12.1% (95% CI: 11.0–13.4). Lower father’s income was associated with a higher prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.6–2.69; p = 0.26). Worse visual performance (OR:0.38; 95% CI: 0.27–0.55; p = 0.1) and longer distance to primary healthcare services (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.37–0.69; P = 0.1) were associated with a lower prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors. Uncorrected refractive errors were found to be highly prevalent among school children in suburban areas in Bandung Regency. The availability of visual assessment services for children needs to be improved.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82287166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1757184
F. Namara, Kizito Omona, Scovia Mbabazi
Abstract Introduction: The major aim of hand washing promotion programs is to persuade people to change their behaviour to reduce high-risk hygiene practices and use. Unfortunately, in a refugee setting, there is a dearth of information about participation in hand washing promotion programs. Objective: To assess barriers and motivators to participation in hand washing promotion programs at household level among refugees in Rhino Camp, Arua district, Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect quantitative and qualitative data. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on participation, individual, household factors related to hand washing promotional programs from 312 refugees. Five key informant interviews were conducted to gather data on public policy, institutional and community factors related to participation in the hand washing promotion programs. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Only 19.6% (61/312) of the refugees had participated in hand washing promotion programs. Significant barriers to participation were; no formal education and staying in the camp for more than 3 years. The significant motivators were; households who had 6 to 10 members and more. Conclusion: Participation in hand washing promotion programs was low among the refugees. There is need for relevant stakeholders to come up with interventions to increase participation among the refugees while taking into consideration the potential barriers and motivators to their participation as identified by this study.
{"title":"Barriers and motivators to participation in hand washing promotion programs at household level among refugees in Rhino Settlement, Arua District _ Uganda","authors":"F. Namara, Kizito Omona, Scovia Mbabazi","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1757184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1757184","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: The major aim of hand washing promotion programs is to persuade people to change their behaviour to reduce high-risk hygiene practices and use. Unfortunately, in a refugee setting, there is a dearth of information about participation in hand washing promotion programs. Objective: To assess barriers and motivators to participation in hand washing promotion programs at household level among refugees in Rhino Camp, Arua district, Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect quantitative and qualitative data. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on participation, individual, household factors related to hand washing promotional programs from 312 refugees. Five key informant interviews were conducted to gather data on public policy, institutional and community factors related to participation in the hand washing promotion programs. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Only 19.6% (61/312) of the refugees had participated in hand washing promotion programs. Significant barriers to participation were; no formal education and staying in the camp for more than 3 years. The significant motivators were; households who had 6 to 10 members and more. Conclusion: Participation in hand washing promotion programs was low among the refugees. There is need for relevant stakeholders to come up with interventions to increase participation among the refugees while taking into consideration the potential barriers and motivators to their participation as identified by this study.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82694584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1784621
Sarine El Daouk, A. A. Abu Musa, F. Abou-Mrad
Abstract Since its inception, social media networking and communication has raised uncertainty and concern among healthcare professionals when treating patients remotely. This study assesses the behavior of physicians that make use of social media platforms, identifying their awareness and defining communication breaches where they occur. A cross-sectional study was conducted by means of an online, self-reported Knowledge-Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire sent to registered physicians (from 80 different specialties) working in Lebanon. A customised web-analytic method was used to collect and analyse data, and a survey was sent to 12,398 physicians, of which 850 (6.8%) responded; of them, 74.4% identified as social media users. This presents ethical questions regarding principles of autonomy, loyalty and justice, while also bypassing safety measures in a manner that could impact negatively upon patients’ quality of life. Through better policies and practices, the negative consequences of using social media could be mitigated by addressing the present ethical issues. Physicians at academic institutions, for example, are recommended to set clear managerial strategies regarding appropriate, safe behavioural conduct for e-communication, and to integrate modernised ethics principles into their curricula that would serve as guidelines for their students.
{"title":"Ethics and social media networking in Lebanon: A double-edged conception to healthcare professionals","authors":"Sarine El Daouk, A. A. Abu Musa, F. Abou-Mrad","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1784621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1784621","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since its inception, social media networking and communication has raised uncertainty and concern among healthcare professionals when treating patients remotely. This study assesses the behavior of physicians that make use of social media platforms, identifying their awareness and defining communication breaches where they occur. A cross-sectional study was conducted by means of an online, self-reported Knowledge-Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire sent to registered physicians (from 80 different specialties) working in Lebanon. A customised web-analytic method was used to collect and analyse data, and a survey was sent to 12,398 physicians, of which 850 (6.8%) responded; of them, 74.4% identified as social media users. This presents ethical questions regarding principles of autonomy, loyalty and justice, while also bypassing safety measures in a manner that could impact negatively upon patients’ quality of life. Through better policies and practices, the negative consequences of using social media could be mitigated by addressing the present ethical issues. Physicians at academic institutions, for example, are recommended to set clear managerial strategies regarding appropriate, safe behavioural conduct for e-communication, and to integrate modernised ethics principles into their curricula that would serve as guidelines for their students.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79515278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1080/2331205X.2020.1757566
E. Pallari, Atia Sultana, C. Williams, G. Lewison
Abstract Background: The reporting of medical research in the mass media is often the only way for the general public to learn about it, as most people do not read, nor have access to, scientific papers. Aims: We wished to map non-communicable disease (NCDs) research stories in two UK newspapers, the Daily Mail and The Guardian, and an Irish newspaper, the Irish Times, in 2002–13. Methodology: We identified relevant stories by means of the Factiva database, and obtained details of the cited research papers from the Web of Science. We compared coverage of research on five NCDs with the disease burden, and with the amount of research, in the two countries. We also analysed the sex distribution of the journalists, the researchers whose work was cited and any commentators mentioned in the stories. Results: There were 3921 stories in total (1990 in the Daily Mail, 1127 in the Irish Times, and 804 in The Guardian). Cancer and mental health disorders research attracted most attention. The other NCDs were cardiovascular disease & stroke, diabetes, and respiratory diseases. The stories tended to focus on epidemiological research, and means to reduce the risk of disease, rather than treatment. Both countries over-cited their own research, particularly Ireland. Conclusions: Coverage of the five NCDs tended to mirror the amounts and changes in the disease burden, both in time and between the two countries, notably for dementia and depression. Male researchers and commentators received more attention than females, and so reinforced existing gender stereotypes.
背景:大众媒体对医学研究的报道往往是公众了解医学研究的唯一途径，因为大多数人既不阅读也无法接触到科学论文。目的:我们希望绘制2002 - 2013年英国两份报纸《每日邮报》和《卫报》以及爱尔兰报纸《爱尔兰时报》上的非传染性疾病(NCDs)研究报道。方法:我们通过Factiva数据库识别相关报道，并从Web of Science获取被引研究论文的详细信息。我们将这两个国家五种非传染性疾病的研究覆盖面与疾病负担和研究数量进行了比较。我们还分析了新闻记者、工作被引用的研究人员以及报道中提到的评论员的性别分布。结果:共3921篇报道(《每日邮报》1990篇，《爱尔兰时报》1127篇，《卫报》804篇)。癌症和精神健康障碍的研究最受关注。其他非传染性疾病是心血管疾病和中风、糖尿病和呼吸系统疾病。这些报道往往侧重于流行病学研究，以及降低疾病风险的方法，而不是治疗方法。这两个国家都过度引用了自己的研究，尤其是爱尔兰。结论:五种非传染性疾病的覆盖率往往反映了疾病负担的数量和变化，无论是在时间上还是在两国之间，尤其是痴呆症和抑郁症。男性研究人员和评论员比女性获得了更多的关注，因此强化了现有的性别刻板印象。
{"title":"An assessment of the coverage of non-communicable disease research reported in British and Irish newspapers, 2002-13","authors":"E. Pallari, Atia Sultana, C. Williams, G. Lewison","doi":"10.1080/2331205X.2020.1757566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2020.1757566","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: The reporting of medical research in the mass media is often the only way for the general public to learn about it, as most people do not read, nor have access to, scientific papers. Aims: We wished to map non-communicable disease (NCDs) research stories in two UK newspapers, the Daily Mail and The Guardian, and an Irish newspaper, the Irish Times, in 2002–13. Methodology: We identified relevant stories by means of the Factiva database, and obtained details of the cited research papers from the Web of Science. We compared coverage of research on five NCDs with the disease burden, and with the amount of research, in the two countries. We also analysed the sex distribution of the journalists, the researchers whose work was cited and any commentators mentioned in the stories. Results: There were 3921 stories in total (1990 in the Daily Mail, 1127 in the Irish Times, and 804 in The Guardian). Cancer and mental health disorders research attracted most attention. The other NCDs were cardiovascular disease & stroke, diabetes, and respiratory diseases. The stories tended to focus on epidemiological research, and means to reduce the risk of disease, rather than treatment. Both countries over-cited their own research, particularly Ireland. Conclusions: Coverage of the five NCDs tended to mirror the amounts and changes in the disease burden, both in time and between the two countries, notably for dementia and depression. Male researchers and commentators received more attention than females, and so reinforced existing gender stereotypes.","PeriodicalId":10470,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Medicine","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78522835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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