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Adoption of sustainable certification in West Borneo palm oil farmers: The role of environmental concern 西婆罗洲棕榈油种植者采用可持续认证:环境问题的作用
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2266196
Arif Imam Suroso, Hansen Tandra, Adi Haryono
Sustainable certificates are developing in the palm oil industry along with the issue of sustainable development in agriculture. Farmers, as the main palm oil producers, are advised to adopt sustainable certificates. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the determinants of the intention to adopt palm oil sustainable certification in West Borneo farmers. The theory of planned behavior was applied, namely the attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, with environmental concern as an extended variable. One hundred seventy independent farmers from several regencies in the West Borneo Region were analyzed using structural equation modeling and partial least squares. The results showed that the attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control had a significant effect on the intention to adopt the sustainable certification. However, environmental concern only influenced attitude toward behavior, with no significant effect on subjective norm and perceived behavioral control. This study implies that factors other than environmental concern significantly affect the intention to adopt sustainable certification in palm oil smallholders.
随着农业可持续发展的问题,棕榈油行业也在发展可持续证书。作为棕榈油的主要生产者,建议农民采用可持续证书。因此,本研究旨在调查西婆罗洲农民有意采用棕榈油可持续认证的决定因素。运用计划行为理论,即对行为的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制,并将环境关注作为扩展变量。使用结构方程模型和偏最小二乘法对西婆罗洲地区几个县的170名独立农民进行了分析。结果表明,行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对采用可持续认证的意愿有显著影响。而环境关注仅影响行为态度,对主观规范和感知行为控制无显著影响。本研究表明,环境问题以外的因素显著影响棕榈油小农采用可持续认证的意愿。
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引用次数: 0
Bio-evaluation of alkaloids and saponins from bitter melon: Probing more desirable compound in treating hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia 苦瓜生物碱和皂苷的生物评价:探索治疗高血糖和高脂血症更理想的化合物
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2242634
  Mahwish, Farhan Saeed, Farhana Nosheen, Qurat-ul -Ain, Bushra Niaz, Muhammad Afzaal, Kashifa Ehsan, Muzzamal Hussain, Muhammad Imran, Entessar Al Jbawi
Bitter melon is a medicinal plant with wide-ranging health benefits. Being complex in chemical constituents, poor evidence is available to establish the exact therapeutic benefits of different phytochemicals present in bitter melon. In the present study, bitter melon fruit skin, flesh, seeds and whole fruit were assessed to estimate alkaloid and saponin contents and subsequently bio-evaluation was performed to ascertain their potential as more potent hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic moderators for the first time. For the feeding trial, Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Bitter melon seeds have a high amount of total alkaloids, while the flesh part has maximum total saponin contents. The group of rats fed with a diet containing seeds powder showed a more prominent impact in lowering blood glucose levels and increasing serum insulin concentration in hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic rats. The flesh part with maximum saponin contents exhibited a substantial impact in lowering cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides and increasing HDL levels. The antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities have a direct association with the presence of these chemical constituents. Alkaloids were found to be more potent antihyperglycemic while saponins were found to be antihyperlipidemic moderators.
苦瓜是一种药用植物,具有广泛的健康益处。由于苦瓜的化学成分复杂,目前还没有足够的证据来确定苦瓜中不同植物化学物质的确切治疗效果。在本研究中,对苦瓜果皮、果肉、种子和整个果实进行了评估,以估计生物碱和皂苷的含量,随后进行了生物评价,首次确定了它们作为更有效的高血糖和高脂血症调节剂的潜力。饲养试验采用Sprague-Dawley大鼠。苦瓜种子中总生物碱含量较高,果肉中总皂苷含量最高。在高血糖和高脂血症大鼠中,以含有种子粉的饲料喂养的大鼠在降低血糖水平和增加血清胰岛素浓度方面表现出更显著的影响。果肉中皂苷含量最高的部位对降低胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯以及提高高密度脂蛋白水平有显著影响。降高血糖和降高血脂的活性与这些化学成分的存在有直接的联系。生物碱被发现是更有效的降糖,而皂苷被发现是抗高脂血症调节剂。
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引用次数: 0
Neonicotinoid pesticide applications affect pollinator abundance and visitation, leading to implications for sunflower production ( Helianthus annuus L.) 新烟碱类农药的施用影响传粉者的丰度和访视,从而影响向日葵的生产。
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2258773
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem, Muhammad Faheem Akbar, Muhammad Atif Javed, Amjad Sultan
Pesticides are considered a risk to pollinators; however, little is known about the possible effects of their injudicious use on pollinators, including the ecosystem services provided to crops and wildflowers. Recently, great attention has been paid to the effects of neonicotinoids pesticides on pollinators and their potential role in harming the health of bees all over the world. Sunflowers, being self-incompatible plants, rely on insects, primarily bees, for effective cross-pollination and successful seed-set. Ensuring the presence of sufficient pollinators in the field is crucial for facilitating pollen movement between flowers and promoting optimal seed development. However, the reliance on insect-mediated cross-pollination also makes sunflowers susceptible to pest attacks, which can negatively impact seed production. To mitigate these potential threats and achieve increased seed yields, careful consideration is given to the judicious use of pesticides. Striking the right balance between providing adequate pollinators and implementing appropriate pest management strategies is vital for maximizing sunflower crop productivity. To reveal such potential impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides, we undergo the current study that aimed to estimate flower visitation and pollination in a sunflower crop by applying three neonicotinoid insecticides i.e. imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam, including the control group for two years i.e. 2020, and 2021. In all experimental plots, we quantified floral visitors for fourteen days at three different times (8 am, 12 pm, and 5 pm). Floral visitors were divided into three groups, Apis bees, Non-Apis bees, and butterflies. After the maturation period, the achenes from each capitulum were separated and brought for weight. We discovered that this study confirmed the adverse effect of neonicotinoids pesticides on sunflower production.
农药被认为对传粉媒介有风险;然而,人们对不明智地使用它们对传粉媒介的可能影响知之甚少,包括对作物和野花提供的生态系统服务的影响。近年来,新烟碱类农药对传粉媒介的影响及其对蜜蜂健康的潜在危害受到了世界各国的广泛关注。向日葵是一种自交不亲和的植物,依靠昆虫(主要是蜜蜂)进行有效的异花授粉和成功的结子。确保田间有足够的传粉者对促进花粉在花间的运动和促进种子的最佳发育至关重要。然而,对昆虫介导的异花授粉的依赖也使向日葵容易受到害虫的攻击,这可能对种子产量产生负面影响。为了减轻这些潜在的威胁并提高种子产量,必须慎重考虑农药的合理使用。在提供足够的传粉媒介和实施适当的害虫管理策略之间取得适当的平衡对于最大限度地提高向日葵作物的生产力至关重要。为了揭示新烟碱类杀虫剂的潜在影响,我们进行了目前的研究,旨在通过使用三种新烟碱类杀虫剂(吡虫啉、噻虫胺和噻虫嗪)来估计向日葵作物的访花和授粉,包括对照组,分别为2020年和2021年。在所有试验区,我们在三个不同的时间(上午8点,下午12点和下午5点)量化了14天的花访客。访花者分为蜜蜂、非蜜蜂和蝴蝶三组。成熟期后,将每个头状花序上的瘦果分离出来称重。我们发现,本研究证实了新烟碱类农药对向日葵生产的不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Forage yield and quality parameters of eight oat ( Avena sativa L.) genotypes at multilocation trials in Eastern Oromia, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚东部奥罗米亚地区8种燕麦(Avena sativa L.)基因型多地点试验的饲料产量和品质参数
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2259521
Birmaduma Gadisa, Muleta Debela, Tamrat Dinkale, Abuye Tulu
Eight genotypes of oat (Avena sativa L.) were evaluated across four locations with two standard checks under rainfall conditions from 2017 to 2018. Both agronomic and chemical composition data were collected. The analysis of the results indicated a statistical significance difference (P < 0.01) in the days of 50% flowering stage, plant height, biomass yield, leaf-to-stem ratio, dry matter yield, date of maturity, and seed yield. For the collecting parameters, the overall mean was measured from days of 50% flowering stage taking (54.83–86.58) days, plant height (86.04 to 108.56 cm), biomass yield (36.19 to 47.47 t/ha), leaf-to-stem ratio (0.25 to 1.32), dry matter yield (6.96 to 9.79 t/ha) the maturity date (119.0 to 130.98 days) and seed yield (33.38 to 43.49 qu/ha). There were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) among genotypes. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis for dry matter yield and biomass yield were influenced by environment and genotype. Among the study locations, Tulo was more of an ideal environment for oat crops followed by Chiro. Among the eight oat genotypes evaluated in this trial, the genotypes ILRI#5450 and ILRI#5442 revealed higher agronomic performance than the standard check and remaining studied genotypes. Therefore, oat genotypes ILRI#5450 and ILRI#5442 should be recommended for wider cultivation and need further breeding improvement investigation as animal feed in Eastern Oromia and similar agro-ecology to Ethiopia.
在2017 - 2018年的降雨条件下,通过两次标准检查,对四个地点的8个基因型燕麦(Avena sativa L.)进行了评估。收集了农艺和化学成分数据。结果表明:50%花期天数、株高、生物量产量、叶茎比、干物质产量、成熟期和种子产量差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。收集参数的总体平均值为花期50% (54.83 ~ 86.58)d、株高(86.04 ~ 108.56 cm)、生物量产量(36.19 ~ 47.47 t/ha)、叶茎比(0.25 ~ 1.32)、干物质产量(6.96 ~ 9.79 t/ha)、成熟期(119.0 ~ 130.98 d)和种子产量(33.38 ~ 43.49 qu/ha)。灰分、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)和体外干物质消化率(IVDMD)在基因型间差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。干物质产量和生物量产量的加性主效应和增殖互作分析受环境和基因型的影响。在研究地点中,土罗是最理想的燕麦种植环境,其次是基罗。在本试验评估的8个燕麦基因型中,ILRI#5450和ILRI#5442基因型的农艺性能高于标准对照和其他研究基因型。因此,应推荐ILRI#5450和ILRI#5442基因型作为动物饲料在东奥罗米亚和与埃塞俄比亚相似的农业生态中进行更广泛的种植,并需要进一步的育种改良研究。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of waterlogging stress on grafted avocado ( Persea americana ) seedlings growth and physiological performance 涝渍胁迫对嫁接鳄梨幼苗生长和生理性能的影响
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2261837
Alemu Dessa Derebe, Merzu Weyuma Dema, Amsalu Gobena Roro
Agricultural fields prone to waterlogging condition induce physiological stress on fruit trees as it affects root respiration and nutrient uptake. However, the information on the growth performance of avocado under waterlogging condition is limited, particularly in terms of morphological and physiological performances. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the performance of avocado rootstocks under different waterlogging levels under shade condition. The experiment was conducted using a complete randomized design with factorial arrangement using Ettinger variety as scion that was grafted on Guatemalan and Mexican rootstock races at three waterlogging levels (50%, 75% and 100%) in three replications. The result showed that morphological growth of avocado grafted on Guatemalan race outscored in number of buds, shoot growth, rootstock elongation and scion shoot tip growth compared to the one grafted on Mexican race. Similarly, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomata conductance were significantly affected by the races, waterlogging levels and interaction of the two main factors. The result indicated that the Guatemalan race significantly improved photosynthesis, transpiration, stomata conductance and water use efficiency nearly by 50% in all waterlogging levels as compared to the one grafted on Mexican race. However, the smallest transpiration and water use efficiency were recorded at 100% waterlogging level from the Mexican race. Generally, the study revealed that Guatemalan race used as rootstock gave a strong morpho-physiological performance as compared to the Mexican race. Similarly, waterlogging level at 75% induced strong morphological and physiological performances in Guatemalan race compared to the seedling subjected to 50% and 100% waterlogging. Thus, the finding revealed that the Guatemalan race can be a potential rootstock under waterlogging/saturated soil condition in loamy sand soil texture.
易涝农田因影响根系呼吸和养分吸收,对果树产生生理胁迫。然而,关于涝渍条件下牛油果生长性能的资料有限,特别是在形态和生理性能方面。因此,本研究旨在评价遮荫条件下不同涝渍水平下牛油果砧木的生产性能。试验采用全随机设计和因子安排,以Ettinger品种为接穗,分3个重复,在3个涝渍水平(50%、75%和100%)下嫁接危地马拉和墨西哥砧木品种。结果表明,瓜地马拉种的牛油果形态生长在芽数、茎长、砧木伸长和接穗梢尖生长等方面均优于墨西哥种。同样,光合、蒸腾和气孔导度也受到品种、涝渍程度和两种主要因子的交互作用的显著影响。结果表明,在所有涝渍水平下,危地马拉品种的光合作用、蒸腾作用、气孔导度和水分利用效率均比墨西哥品种提高了近50%。然而,最小的蒸腾和水分利用效率记录在100%涝渍水平来自墨西哥种族。总的来说,研究表明危地马拉种作为砧木比墨西哥种具有更强的形态生理表现。同样,与50%和100%涝渍的幼苗相比,75%涝渍水平的瓜地马拉品种的形态和生理表现更强。因此,这一发现揭示了危地马拉种在涝渍/饱和土壤条件下在壤土沙土质地下可以成为潜在的砧木。
{"title":"Impact of waterlogging stress on grafted avocado ( <i>Persea americana</i> ) seedlings growth and physiological performance","authors":"Alemu Dessa Derebe, Merzu Weyuma Dema, Amsalu Gobena Roro","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2261837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2261837","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural fields prone to waterlogging condition induce physiological stress on fruit trees as it affects root respiration and nutrient uptake. However, the information on the growth performance of avocado under waterlogging condition is limited, particularly in terms of morphological and physiological performances. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the performance of avocado rootstocks under different waterlogging levels under shade condition. The experiment was conducted using a complete randomized design with factorial arrangement using Ettinger variety as scion that was grafted on Guatemalan and Mexican rootstock races at three waterlogging levels (50%, 75% and 100%) in three replications. The result showed that morphological growth of avocado grafted on Guatemalan race outscored in number of buds, shoot growth, rootstock elongation and scion shoot tip growth compared to the one grafted on Mexican race. Similarly, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomata conductance were significantly affected by the races, waterlogging levels and interaction of the two main factors. The result indicated that the Guatemalan race significantly improved photosynthesis, transpiration, stomata conductance and water use efficiency nearly by 50% in all waterlogging levels as compared to the one grafted on Mexican race. However, the smallest transpiration and water use efficiency were recorded at 100% waterlogging level from the Mexican race. Generally, the study revealed that Guatemalan race used as rootstock gave a strong morpho-physiological performance as compared to the Mexican race. Similarly, waterlogging level at 75% induced strong morphological and physiological performances in Guatemalan race compared to the seedling subjected to 50% and 100% waterlogging. Thus, the finding revealed that the Guatemalan race can be a potential rootstock under waterlogging/saturated soil condition in loamy sand soil texture.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135344696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of physical, nutritional and sensory properties of wheat bread treated with purified thermostable cellulase and alpha amylase 纯化耐热纤维素酶和α -淀粉酶处理小麦面包的物理、营养和感官特性研究
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2261839
Jasmita Chauhan, Rushit Shukla, Ashok Kumar Bishoyi, Subhanshu Goyal, Gaurav Sanghvi
In this study, purified thermo- and acid-stable cellulase from the Bacillus licheniformis was used for improving physical and sensory properties of wheat bread. The thermostable cellulase was harvested, purified and characterized from isolated B. licheniformis species. The impact of parameters such as temperature, pH, and metal ions was tested on the purified cellulase enzyme. The purified enzyme was found to be stable at pH 4.0 and also thermally stable for 6 hat 45°C. Purified cellulase was used in preparation of wheat dough followed by the preparation of baked final product wheat bread. The final baked product showed a significant decrease in hardness, adhesiveness and also chewiness. The moisture-holding capacity was significantly increased compared to control. Furthermore, the effect of cellulase in combination with amylase was also studied in preparation of bread. The improvement in sensory parameters such as volume, color, texture, aroma and taste was observed on treating the dough with a combination of cellulase and amylase.
本研究从地衣芽孢杆菌中分离纯化的耐热和耐酸纤维素酶,用于改善小麦面包的物理和感官性能。从地衣芽孢杆菌中获得了耐热纤维素酶,并对其进行了纯化和鉴定。考察了温度、pH、金属离子等参数对纯化后纤维素酶的影响。纯化后的酶在pH 4.0下是稳定的,在45°C下也是热稳定的。用纯化的纤维素酶制备小麦面团,然后焙制最终产品小麦面包。烘烤后的成品硬度、黏附性和嚼劲均显著降低。与对照相比,保湿能力显著提高。此外,还研究了纤维素酶与淀粉酶复合在面包生产中的作用。研究了纤维素酶和淀粉酶对面团的体积、颜色、质地、香气和口感等感官参数的改善。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding farmers’ intention to adopt sustainable agriculture in Sikkim: The role of environmental consciousness and attitude 了解锡金农民采用可持续农业的意愿:环境意识和态度的作用
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2261212
Roshan Raj Bhujel, H.G. Joshi
This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the key factors influencing farmers’ intentions to adopt sustainable agricultural practices in the unique context of Sikkim. It extends the theory of planned behavior by incorporating environmental consciousness and knowledge as additional independent variables. It examines their impact on farmers’ intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. A sample of 384 farmers from two districts of Sikkim was selected using a multistage sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using Smart PLS SEM 4 software, employing path analysis to determine the direct and indirect effects of the independent variables on farmers’ intention to adopt sustainable agriculture. Environmental consciousness strongly influenced farmers’ attitudes and subjective norms. Knowledge also significantly affects farmers’ perceived behavioral control. Notably, an impactful link was found between environmental consciousness and the intention to adopt sustainable agriculture. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners. Targeted interventions and educational programs should be developed to enhance farmers’ environmental consciousness and knowledge, thereby promoting the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices in Sikkim. This study extends the theory of planned behavior by incorporating environmental consciousness and knowledge as additional determinants. It contributes to understanding the behavioral factors influencing farmers’ intentions to adopt sustainable agriculture and their interrelationships within the context of Sikkim. This study comprehensively investigated the determinants of farmers’ intentions to adopt sustainable agricultural practices in Sikkim. It contributes to the existing literature by incorporating environmental consciousness and knowledge into the theory of planned behavior, providing a nuanced understanding of the adoption process.
本研究旨在全面探讨锡金独特环境下影响农民采用可持续农业实践意愿的关键因素。它通过将环境意识和知识作为额外的独立变量来扩展计划行为理论。它考察了它们对农民的意图、态度、主观规范和感知行为控制的影响。采用多阶段抽样技术从锡金两个县选取384名农民作为样本。使用Smart PLS SEM 4软件对收集到的数据进行分析,采用通径分析确定自变量对农民采用可持续农业意愿的直接和间接影响。环境意识强烈地影响着农民的态度和主观规范。知识对农民感知行为控制也有显著影响。值得注意的是,在环境意识和采用可持续农业的意图之间发现了有影响力的联系。这些发现为政策制定者和实践者提供了宝贵的见解。应该制定有针对性的干预措施和教育计划,以提高农民的环境意识和知识,从而促进锡金采用可持续农业做法。本研究通过将环境意识和知识作为附加决定因素,扩展了计划行为理论。这有助于理解锡金地区影响农民采用可持续农业意愿的行为因素及其相互关系。本研究全面调查了锡金农民采用可持续农业实践意愿的决定因素。它通过将环境意识和知识纳入计划行为理论,为现有文献做出了贡献,提供了对采用过程的细致入微的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of storage periods on quality characteristics and sugar yield of pre-harvest burnt and unburnt cane of sugarcane varieties ( Saccharum spp. hybrid) at Finchaa Sugar Factory, Oromia, Ethiopia 贮藏期对埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚Finchaa糖厂甘蔗品种(Saccharum spp. hybrid)采前烧焦和未烧焦甘蔗品质特性及产量的影响
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2258776
Fantaye Ergasi, A. Q Khan, Ebisa Olika Keyata
The study aimed to determine the effects of cane storage periods on pre-harvested burnt and unburnt green harvested canes on quality characteristics and sugar yield of sugarcane varieties at Finchaa Sugar Factory, Ethiopia. Experiments were conducted on a split–split plot design with two varieties, N 14 and N Co 334 as main plots, types of canes burnt and unburnt green harvested canes as sub-plots, and eight cane storage periods (0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h) as sub–subplots with three replications. All quality parameters were investigated using the standard procedure. The results showed that the loss in cane weight increased and pol %, purity % juice, estimated recoverable sugar, and sugar yield decreased significantly with increasing periods of storage. The results also indicated that losses were more in burnt harvested canes than the unburnt canes over the storage period. Brix and reducing sugar in juice increased with the storage periods and these were more in burnt canes than unburnt harvested canes. The loss in cane weight, pol, juice purity, recoverable sugar, and sugar yield was high in NCo334 variety at each storage period. The pol and purity % juice, recoverable sugar % cane, and sugar yield were more in burnt and unburnt harvested canes in both varieties at storage periods. The findings suggested that the N 14 cane variety of burnt harvested canes and green canes should be crushed within 24 and 48 h to obtain better sugar quality than N Co 334 variety.
本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚Finchaa糖厂,采收前烧焦和未烧焦的青采甘蔗的贮藏期对甘蔗品种品质特性和糖产量的影响。以N - 14和N - Co - 334两个品种为主要样地,以燃烧和未燃烧的青采甘蔗类型为次样地,8个贮藏期(0、24、48、72、96、120、144和168 h)为次样地,3个重复。采用标准程序对所有质量参数进行了研究。结果表明,随着贮藏时间的延长,甘蔗重量损失增加,果汁纯度、估计可采糖和糖产量显著下降。结果还表明,在贮藏期间,燃烧的收获的甘蔗比未燃烧的收获的甘蔗损失更大。随着贮藏时间的延长,果汁中的糖度和还原糖增加,并且在已烧焦的蔗中比未烧焦的蔗中增加。NCo334品种在各贮藏期蔗重、脂、汁纯度、可回收糖和糖产量的损失均较大。两个品种在贮藏期内,焦化和未焦化收获的甘蔗的纯度、果汁纯度、可采糖率和糖产量均高于焦化收获的甘蔗。综上所述,n14甘蔗品种的焦化收获蔗和青蔗应在24和48 h内粉碎,以获得比nco 334品种更好的糖质。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of grain/bran crude extract from Fagopyrum tataricum on hypoglycemic activity of type 2 diabetes mice and study on molecular mechanism of treatment 苦荞谷糠粗提物对2型糖尿病小鼠降血糖活性的影响及其分子机制研究
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2242641
Xinxin Si, Yanyan Si, Shuai Zhang, Yong Liu, Yanqing Liu, Hongwu Wang, Zhenyu Wang
The rising number of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is a global health concern. This chronic disease can lead to a diverse range of complications. In this study, we assessed the extracorporeal hypoglycemic mechanism as determined by the inhibitory activity of TGE (Fagopyrum tataricum grain crude extract) and TBE (Fagopyrum tataricum bran crude extract) on elevated blood glucose, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. In addition, to characterize hypoglycemic activity in vivo, we investigated the anti-diabetic effects of water—ethanol extracts of Fagopyrum tataricum grain and bran with flavonoid-rich and D-CI fractions in type 2 diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin and a high-fat/high-sugar diet. Moreover, compared with the TBE group through kit detection and in vitro test analysis, treatment of mice with TGE has a better ability of antioxidant activity, Reduce inflammatory overreaction, hypoglycemia, improving symptoms of type 2 diabetic mice and reducing organ damage. In conclusion, these findings yet indicate that TGE could be used to manage the disease, for the improvement of blood glucose level and exhibits antioxidant properties for type 2 diabetes. By providing a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, organ structural damage, and insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our findings not only offer a deeper understanding of these processes but also provide novel insights and theoretical guidance for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
诊断为2型糖尿病的人数不断增加是一个全球性的健康问题。这种慢性疾病可导致多种并发症。在这项研究中,我们评估了体外降糖机制,通过TGE(荞麦籽粒粗提物)和TBE(荞麦麸皮粗提物)对血糖升高、氧化应激和炎症反应的抑制活性来确定。此外,为了表征体内的降糖活性,我们研究了链脲佐菌素和高脂/高糖饮食诱导的2型糖尿病小鼠中,苦荞麦籽粒和麸皮水乙醇提取物(含富含类黄酮和D-CI)的抗糖尿病作用。此外,通过试剂盒检测和体外试验分析,与TBE组相比,TGE治疗小鼠具有更好的抗氧化活性,减少炎症过度反应,降低血糖,改善2型糖尿病小鼠症状,减轻器官损伤的能力。总之,这些发现表明,TGE可以用于控制疾病,改善血糖水平,并具有抗氧化作用,治疗2型糖尿病。通过对2型糖尿病患者糖代谢、氧化应激、炎症、器官结构损伤和胰岛素抵抗的分子机制进行综述。我们的发现不仅对这些过程提供了更深入的了解,而且为糖尿病的治疗提供了新的见解和理论指导。
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引用次数: 0
Physicochemical properties and microbial qualities of honey produced by a stingless bee ( Meliponula beccarii L.) in the Oromia region, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚地区无刺蜜蜂(Meliponula beccarii L.)产蜂蜜的理化性质和微生物品质
4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2258784
Teferi Damto, Deressa Kebebe, Meseret Gemeda
This study is aimed at determining the physicochemical and microbiological quality of stingless bee honey (Meliponula beccarii) collected in potential areas in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Thirty-nine honey samples from underground soils were collected. The findings of the investigation indicated that the mean values of physicochemical properties for stingless bee honey samples were: moisture content (30.69 ± 0.29%), pH value (3.30 ± 0.03), free acidity (92.39 ± 4.45 meq/kg), ash content (0.16 ± 0.01%), electrical conductivity (0.44 ± 0.2 mS/cm), HMF (6.58 ± 0.36 mg/kg), fructose (36.48 ± 0.54%), glucose (27.67 ± 0.43%), reducing sugar (64.15 ± 0.75%) sucrose (1.24 ± 0.18%) and maltose content (1.2 ± 0.18%). The honey sample studied from Meliponulla beccarii was mostly characterized as having a light amber color (50%). Honey produced by stingless bees is distinguished from Apis mellifera honey by having a lower level of sugar, a higher amount of moisture, and free acidity. There were 2.55 × 104 to 1.9 × 103 CFU/mL of Aerobic Mesophiles, 1.68 × 104 to 9 × 102 CFU/mL of yeast, and 1.8 × 103 to 2 × 102 CFU/mL of mold in the Meliponulla beccarii honey sample. Staphylococcus species could only be detected in a sample taken from the Guduru area; however, an aerobic spore-forming bacteria was undetectable in all stingless bee samples. This suggested that there may have been cross-contamination from primary and secondary sources during pre-harvesting and post-harvest handling. Specific quality specifications must be established to promote commercialization since the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of stingless bee honey differ from those of A. mellifera.
本研究旨在确定在埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚地区潜在地区采集的无刺蜜蜂蜂蜜(Meliponula beccarii)的理化和微生物质量。从地下土壤中采集了39份蜂蜜样品。调查结果表明,无针蜂蜂蜜的理化性质平均值为:水分含量(30.69±0.29%)、pH值(3.30±0.03)、游离酸度(92.39±4.45 meq/kg)、灰分含量(0.16±0.01%)、电导率(0.44±0.2 mS/cm)、HMF(6.58±0.36 mg/kg)、果糖(36.48±0.54%)、葡萄糖(27.67±0.43%)、还原糖(64.15±0.75%)、蔗糖(1.24±0.18%)和麦芽糖含量(1.2±0.18%)。所研究的贝氏Meliponulla beccarii蜂蜜样品的主要特征是具有浅琥珀色(50%)。由无刺蜜蜂生产的蜂蜜与Apis mellifera蜂蜜的区别在于其含糖量较低,水分含量较高,酸度较低。在贝氏Meliponulla beccarii蜂蜜样品中,好氧中温菌为2.55 × 104 ~ 1.9 × 103 CFU/mL,酵母为1.68 × 104 ~ 9 × 102 CFU/mL,霉菌为1.8 × 103 ~ 2 × 102 CFU/mL。葡萄球菌只能在Guduru地区采集的样本中检测到;然而,在所有无刺蜜蜂样本中均未检测到需氧孢子形成细菌。这表明在采收前和采收后的处理过程中可能存在一次源和二次源的交叉污染。由于无刺蜂蜂蜜的物理化学和微生物特性与蜜蜂蜂蜜不同,因此必须制定具体的质量规范,以促进商业化。
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Cogent Food & Agriculture
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