The present study aimed to explore fluctuations in fatty acids and phenolic profiles of olive oil extracted from fruits of Olea ferruginea Royle harvested at green raw and purple ripe stages from the district Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan. First, fruit sampling was conducted on 26th June when green olives appeared on trees; second, purple ripe olives were picked on 26th August. Due to very small size and large pit size, oil is extracted without de-pitting the fruit. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) system was used for fatty acid and phenolic profiling of both oil samples. Results showed that fatty acid composition of oil extracted from raw green and ripe purple olives falls in the normal range set for purity criteria for olive oils and olive pomace oils by International Olive Council 2019 except for behenic, caprylic, capric and lauric in both oils and oleic acid and linoleic acid of oil extracted from raw green olives which do fall in standard ranges. Fatty acid composition of the olive oil showed that the oil is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (range 50.71% in oil of green olives and 58.77% in oil of ripe purple olives), polyunsaturated fatty acids (range 30.45% in oil of raw green olives and 19.32% in oil of ripe purple olives) and saturated fatty acids (range 15.27–18.58% in olive oil obtained from raw green and ripe purple olives). SFAs showed least variation with ripening stages. There was high concentration of total phenolics in oil obtained from green raw olives (33.41 mg kg−1) as compared to oil of ripe purple olives (18.49 mg kg−1). The present study revealed that alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols showed a uniform trend along with ripening of olive fruit, i.e. there is a clear decline in total tocopherol content of olive oil obtained from ripe purple olives. Green raw olives showed high values of α-tocopherol (192.47 mg kg−1), β + γ-tocopherols (233.65 mg kg−1) and δ-tocopherol (1087.48 mg kg−1). The present work concludes that ripening of olive fruit affects chemical composition of olive oil.
{"title":"Fatty acid and phenolic profile of oil and mineral composition of green unripe and purple ripe olives (Olea ferruginea)","authors":"Ayeesha Masood, Shaista Anjum, Misbah Manzoor, Huma Batool, Ayesha Mushtaq, Musarrat Riaz, Amna Bano, Zahoor Ahmed Bazai, Ashif Sajjad, Cinzia Bennincasa, Zsolt Ponya, Tariq Ismail","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2264556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2264556","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to explore fluctuations in fatty acids and phenolic profiles of olive oil extracted from fruits of Olea ferruginea Royle harvested at green raw and purple ripe stages from the district Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan. First, fruit sampling was conducted on 26th June when green olives appeared on trees; second, purple ripe olives were picked on 26th August. Due to very small size and large pit size, oil is extracted without de-pitting the fruit. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) system was used for fatty acid and phenolic profiling of both oil samples. Results showed that fatty acid composition of oil extracted from raw green and ripe purple olives falls in the normal range set for purity criteria for olive oils and olive pomace oils by International Olive Council 2019 except for behenic, caprylic, capric and lauric in both oils and oleic acid and linoleic acid of oil extracted from raw green olives which do fall in standard ranges. Fatty acid composition of the olive oil showed that the oil is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (range 50.71% in oil of green olives and 58.77% in oil of ripe purple olives), polyunsaturated fatty acids (range 30.45% in oil of raw green olives and 19.32% in oil of ripe purple olives) and saturated fatty acids (range 15.27–18.58% in olive oil obtained from raw green and ripe purple olives). SFAs showed least variation with ripening stages. There was high concentration of total phenolics in oil obtained from green raw olives (33.41 mg kg−1) as compared to oil of ripe purple olives (18.49 mg kg−1). The present study revealed that alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols showed a uniform trend along with ripening of olive fruit, i.e. there is a clear decline in total tocopherol content of olive oil obtained from ripe purple olives. Green raw olives showed high values of α-tocopherol (192.47 mg kg−1), β + γ-tocopherols (233.65 mg kg−1) and δ-tocopherol (1087.48 mg kg−1). The present work concludes that ripening of olive fruit affects chemical composition of olive oil.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135038859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thailand is among high-ranking coffee-exporting countries in the world. This study investigated, analyzed and proposed ideas for improved production of coffee to meet the demands from the local and international market. Using data collected from site visits, observation and interviews, value stream mapping analysis was used to identify the activities in the coffee production process. Automated machine deployment was used to improve the performance of coffee production. From the findings, it was shown that the total cycle time could be reduced by more than 82 %, the profit of sorted cherry coffee could be increased by 80%, and the processing time of green bean coffee could be reduced by almost 97%. An automated color sorting machine was deployed to improve the production process. With integrated lean and automated mechanization techniques, farmers can gain several benefits and become more responsive to future customer demands.
{"title":"Improvement of coffee production performance via integrated lean and automated mechanization techniques","authors":"Yotsaphat Kittichotsatsawat, Nakorn Tippayawong, Korrakot Yaibuathet Tippayawong","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2278934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2278934","url":null,"abstract":"Thailand is among high-ranking coffee-exporting countries in the world. This study investigated, analyzed and proposed ideas for improved production of coffee to meet the demands from the local and international market. Using data collected from site visits, observation and interviews, value stream mapping analysis was used to identify the activities in the coffee production process. Automated machine deployment was used to improve the performance of coffee production. From the findings, it was shown that the total cycle time could be reduced by more than 82 %, the profit of sorted cherry coffee could be increased by 80%, and the processing time of green bean coffee could be reduced by almost 97%. An automated color sorting machine was deployed to improve the production process. With integrated lean and automated mechanization techniques, farmers can gain several benefits and become more responsive to future customer demands.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135036776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2263952
Guduro Beriso, Abayineh Amare, Adugna Eneyew
Women empowerment in agricultural endeavors is deemed to be a powerful solution for improving global sustenance. Thus, this survey seeks to analyze the impact that women’s participation in agriculture has on the food security of 336 households from Anna Sorraa District, Guji zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using household surveys, focus group discussions, and data collection methods using key informant interviews. Statistical measures such as the Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index and household calorie availability were used for descriptive analysis, while binary logistic regression and Propensity Scores Matching provided insights through econometric modeling. Results indicated that 58.6% of women’s were disempowered. Household calorie intake statistics revealed that 53.9% of those surveyed had food insecure households, while 46.1% had food intake available to them. A regression analysis found most factors, including age, female head of household, female education level, Husband’s education and annual household income positively impacted women empowerments—with one exception being whether subject lived near a market or not. Propensity Scores Matching further demonstrated that households with empowered women consumed 560.89 kcal/AE/day compared to those without such an asset. Research concluded that women’s involvement in agricultural activities is a crucial factor to improve food security in this area. Consequently, it was strongly recommended that government and other stakeholders focus their attention on empowering women. Additionally, further research should be conducted to gain an even more comprehensive understanding of how important female empowerment really is.
{"title":"Women empowerment in agricultural activities and its impact on farming household food security: The case of Anna Sorra District, Guji Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia","authors":"Guduro Beriso, Abayineh Amare, Adugna Eneyew","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2263952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2263952","url":null,"abstract":"Women empowerment in agricultural endeavors is deemed to be a powerful solution for improving global sustenance. Thus, this survey seeks to analyze the impact that women’s participation in agriculture has on the food security of 336 households from Anna Sorraa District, Guji zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using household surveys, focus group discussions, and data collection methods using key informant interviews. Statistical measures such as the Women Empowerment in Agriculture Index and household calorie availability were used for descriptive analysis, while binary logistic regression and Propensity Scores Matching provided insights through econometric modeling. Results indicated that 58.6% of women’s were disempowered. Household calorie intake statistics revealed that 53.9% of those surveyed had food insecure households, while 46.1% had food intake available to them. A regression analysis found most factors, including age, female head of household, female education level, Husband’s education and annual household income positively impacted women empowerments—with one exception being whether subject lived near a market or not. Propensity Scores Matching further demonstrated that households with empowered women consumed 560.89 kcal/AE/day compared to those without such an asset. Research concluded that women’s involvement in agricultural activities is a crucial factor to improve food security in this area. Consequently, it was strongly recommended that government and other stakeholders focus their attention on empowering women. Additionally, further research should be conducted to gain an even more comprehensive understanding of how important female empowerment really is.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135038823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2279701
Muhammad Tauseef Sultan, Farhan Saeed, Hassan Raza, Aneeqa Ilyas, Fatima Sadiq, Ali Musarrat, Muhammad Afzaal, Muzzamal Hussain, Muhammad Ahtisham Raza, Entessar Al JBawi
The global health sector is changing with more consensus towards the consumption of natural products to improve the health of mankind. As a result, the nutrition market diversified with the inclusion of new herbal products with each passing day. Myristica fragrans is a traditional spice used to enrich food with a specific aroma in the cuisines of every region. It has two distinctive parts, i.e. nutmeg (seed) & mace (outer covering) that are used for the same purpose but possess different health benefits. It contains significant amounts of active components that are beneficial in reducing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and allergenic responses. In the current review, efforts were made to elucidate the theoretical background of nutmeg and its health benefits. The antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of nutmeg has been discussed in length and their commercial applications have been highlighted. The health benefits associated with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, cancer insurgence, neurodegeneration, etc. are in the limelight of the article. The evidence portraying the negative aspects of nutmeg consumption and their critical analysis is discussed in length. Any plant’s positive and negative aspects depend on its rich phytochemistry and pharmaco-kinetics.
{"title":"Nutritional and therapeutic potential of nutmeg ( <i>Myristica fragrans</i> ): A concurrent review","authors":"Muhammad Tauseef Sultan, Farhan Saeed, Hassan Raza, Aneeqa Ilyas, Fatima Sadiq, Ali Musarrat, Muhammad Afzaal, Muzzamal Hussain, Muhammad Ahtisham Raza, Entessar Al JBawi","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2279701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2279701","url":null,"abstract":"The global health sector is changing with more consensus towards the consumption of natural products to improve the health of mankind. As a result, the nutrition market diversified with the inclusion of new herbal products with each passing day. Myristica fragrans is a traditional spice used to enrich food with a specific aroma in the cuisines of every region. It has two distinctive parts, i.e. nutmeg (seed) & mace (outer covering) that are used for the same purpose but possess different health benefits. It contains significant amounts of active components that are beneficial in reducing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and allergenic responses. In the current review, efforts were made to elucidate the theoretical background of nutmeg and its health benefits. The antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of nutmeg has been discussed in length and their commercial applications have been highlighted. The health benefits associated with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, cancer insurgence, neurodegeneration, etc. are in the limelight of the article. The evidence portraying the negative aspects of nutmeg consumption and their critical analysis is discussed in length. Any plant’s positive and negative aspects depend on its rich phytochemistry and pharmaco-kinetics.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2279742
Fungki Sri Rejeki, Endang Retno Wedowati, Dwi Haryanta
The spinach can be cultivated on urban farms using compost from black soldier fly (BSF) larvae and urban organic waste. The study examined (1) the existence of heavy metal pollutants in household and market waste, (2) the impact of BSF larvae waste compost on spinach growth and product quality, and (3) the ingestion of compost components in spinach plant tissue. The experiment used a complete randomised block design (RCBD) with five treatments, specifically: (1) soil media without compost or urea; (2) soil with BSF compost as household waste substrate without fertiliser; (3) soil with household waste substrate BSF compost fertilised with urea; (4) soil with BSF compost as fruit waste substrate without fertiliser; and (5) soil with BSF compost as fruit waste substrate with fertiliser. Spinach growth and product, nutrient content, and heavy metal absorption in spinach tissue were parameters. BSF larva waste compost with household or fruit waste as a substrate contains macro and micronutrients required by plants and heavy metals that may harm vegetable plant tissues. Applying BSF larvae waste compost increased the vitamin A, vitamin C, chlorophyll, and carotene content in spinach production. The spinach product showed no significant difference in fibre, nitrate, nitrite, and oxalate levels compared to the control (100% soil). While the plant did absorb heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn) from the compost, the concentrations were below the threshold set by WHO/FAO. The use of compost for organic vegetable cultivation ought to be appropriately evaluated due to the potential existence of heavy metals.
{"title":"Nutritional quality of spinach <i>(Amaranthus hybridus L.)</i> cultivated using black soldier fly <i>(hermetia illucens)</i> waste compost","authors":"Fungki Sri Rejeki, Endang Retno Wedowati, Dwi Haryanta","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2279742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2279742","url":null,"abstract":"The spinach can be cultivated on urban farms using compost from black soldier fly (BSF) larvae and urban organic waste. The study examined (1) the existence of heavy metal pollutants in household and market waste, (2) the impact of BSF larvae waste compost on spinach growth and product quality, and (3) the ingestion of compost components in spinach plant tissue. The experiment used a complete randomised block design (RCBD) with five treatments, specifically: (1) soil media without compost or urea; (2) soil with BSF compost as household waste substrate without fertiliser; (3) soil with household waste substrate BSF compost fertilised with urea; (4) soil with BSF compost as fruit waste substrate without fertiliser; and (5) soil with BSF compost as fruit waste substrate with fertiliser. Spinach growth and product, nutrient content, and heavy metal absorption in spinach tissue were parameters. BSF larva waste compost with household or fruit waste as a substrate contains macro and micronutrients required by plants and heavy metals that may harm vegetable plant tissues. Applying BSF larvae waste compost increased the vitamin A, vitamin C, chlorophyll, and carotene content in spinach production. The spinach product showed no significant difference in fibre, nitrate, nitrite, and oxalate levels compared to the control (100% soil). While the plant did absorb heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn) from the compost, the concentrations were below the threshold set by WHO/FAO. The use of compost for organic vegetable cultivation ought to be appropriately evaluated due to the potential existence of heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2275414
Zheng Liang, Chenglong Pan, Zongjun Zhang, Yang Wang, Min Liu, Peisong Chen, Jingrou Chen
SSR (simple sequence repeat) is a common molecular marker widely used in the analysis of rice genome and genetic variation research. While there have been some reports on factors affecting the quality of SSR molecular detection, no one has comprehensively explained these factors to date. Therefore, this study explores in detail the effects of electrophoresis buffer, electrophoresis time, and annealing temperature on the quality of SSR molecular detection in rice varieties. The results show that freshly prepared electrophoresis buffer, appropriate electrophoresis time, and suitable annealing temperature can improve the quality of SSR molecular detection in rice varieties and provide important technical support for in-depth research on the rice genome. Moreover, it is recommended that laboratories select and combine the aforementioned optimal experimental conditions to enhance the authenticity of rice varieties and improve the accuracy of molecular detection for purity.
SSR (simple sequence repeat)是一种广泛应用于水稻基因组分析和遗传变异研究的分子标记。虽然已经有一些关于影响SSR分子检测质量的因素的报道，但迄今为止还没有人对这些因素进行全面的解释。因此，本研究详细探讨了电泳缓冲液、电泳时间和退火温度对水稻品种SSR分子检测质量的影响。结果表明，新鲜制备的电泳缓冲液、适宜的电泳时间和适宜的退火温度可提高水稻品种SSR分子检测质量，为水稻基因组的深入研究提供重要的技术支持。此外，建议实验室选择并结合上述最佳实验条件，以增强水稻品种的真实性，提高分子纯度检测的准确性。
{"title":"Effects of electrophoresis buffer, electrophoresis time, and annealing temperature on the quality of SSR molecular detection in rice varieties","authors":"Zheng Liang, Chenglong Pan, Zongjun Zhang, Yang Wang, Min Liu, Peisong Chen, Jingrou Chen","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2275414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2275414","url":null,"abstract":"SSR (simple sequence repeat) is a common molecular marker widely used in the analysis of rice genome and genetic variation research. While there have been some reports on factors affecting the quality of SSR molecular detection, no one has comprehensively explained these factors to date. Therefore, this study explores in detail the effects of electrophoresis buffer, electrophoresis time, and annealing temperature on the quality of SSR molecular detection in rice varieties. The results show that freshly prepared electrophoresis buffer, appropriate electrophoresis time, and suitable annealing temperature can improve the quality of SSR molecular detection in rice varieties and provide important technical support for in-depth research on the rice genome. Moreover, it is recommended that laboratories select and combine the aforementioned optimal experimental conditions to enhance the authenticity of rice varieties and improve the accuracy of molecular detection for purity.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2279714
Abdul Rehman, Hengyun Ma, Judit Oláh, Rafael Alvarado, Cem Işık
Agriculture provides a living for a huge proportion of Pakistan’s people, making it one of the country’s most vital sectors. In this paper, we investigated the impact of irrigation sources (IS), agricultural machinery (AM), total food grains (TFG), and total cropped area (TCA) on the agriculture sector of Pakistan by using the annual data from 1991 to 2020. Using the symmetric (ARDL) approach, short-run and long-run estimations were employed to illustrate the connection between variables. A unidirectional linkage for the variables was checked through the VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) based Granger causality that is extracted. Further, FMOLS (Fully Modified Least Squares) and DOLS (Dyngamic Least Squares) techniques were also employed to encounter the robustness of the analysis. Results during the short-run and long-run show that the variables total irrigation sources (IS), agriculture machinery (AM), and total food grains (TFG) show the constructive impact on the agriculture sector of Pakistan, while the variable total cropped area (TCA) demonstrate the negative impact on the agriculture sector. Similarly, the consequences of VECM-based Granger causality show that all variables have unidirectional linkages. Furthermore, the findings of the FMOLS and DOLS explore that the variables irrigation sources (IS), agricultural machinery (AM), and total food grains (TFG) show the productive impact on the agriculture sector of Pakistan. But, unfortunately, the variable total cropped area (TCA) demonstrates the negative impact on the agriculture sector. No doubt, the agricultural sector significantly contributes to the growth of any economy. The government of Pakistan has to adopt new policies and plans that place a greater emphasis on the country’s irrigation network and arable land in order to increase agricultural output.
{"title":"Agricultural machinery, irrigation systems and food grains: A symmetric novel analysis","authors":"Abdul Rehman, Hengyun Ma, Judit Oláh, Rafael Alvarado, Cem Işık","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2279714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2279714","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture provides a living for a huge proportion of Pakistan’s people, making it one of the country’s most vital sectors. In this paper, we investigated the impact of irrigation sources (IS), agricultural machinery (AM), total food grains (TFG), and total cropped area (TCA) on the agriculture sector of Pakistan by using the annual data from 1991 to 2020. Using the symmetric (ARDL) approach, short-run and long-run estimations were employed to illustrate the connection between variables. A unidirectional linkage for the variables was checked through the VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) based Granger causality that is extracted. Further, FMOLS (Fully Modified Least Squares) and DOLS (Dyngamic Least Squares) techniques were also employed to encounter the robustness of the analysis. Results during the short-run and long-run show that the variables total irrigation sources (IS), agriculture machinery (AM), and total food grains (TFG) show the constructive impact on the agriculture sector of Pakistan, while the variable total cropped area (TCA) demonstrate the negative impact on the agriculture sector. Similarly, the consequences of VECM-based Granger causality show that all variables have unidirectional linkages. Furthermore, the findings of the FMOLS and DOLS explore that the variables irrigation sources (IS), agricultural machinery (AM), and total food grains (TFG) show the productive impact on the agriculture sector of Pakistan. But, unfortunately, the variable total cropped area (TCA) demonstrates the negative impact on the agriculture sector. No doubt, the agricultural sector significantly contributes to the growth of any economy. The government of Pakistan has to adopt new policies and plans that place a greater emphasis on the country’s irrigation network and arable land in order to increase agricultural output.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135192965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2273637
Demirew Abera, Mulate Zerihun, Aserse Yenasew
Avocado is the most important fruit with high nutritional value in the tropics and subtropics. It is a widely grown cash crop in Ethiopia’s south, southwest, and east. However, the fruit quality of different varieties has not been studied at various locations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of variety and agroecology on the physio-chemical and sensory qualities of avocado fruit. This study used six varieties of avocados (Hass, Fuerte, Nabal, Bacon, Ettinger, and Pinkerton) and three avocado growing locations. The highest maximum values of total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity were found in varieties of Bacon at Wondo Genet (10.97%), Nabal at Debre Zeit (7.4), and Pinkerton at Wondo Genet (8.36%). All the study locations showed significant differences in total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity values (P > 0.05). Instrumental color measurement revealed statistical variations in the values of L*, a*, b*, chroma (C*), and hue angle among varieties and variety*location interaction (ho). At Wondo Genet, Nabal (81.38%), Pinkerton (5.76%), Pinkerton (5.73%), and Hass (62.23%) had the highest moisture, ash, protein, and fat content, respectively. The grand mean values of color, appearance, aroma, taste, and overall acceptability for six different avocado varieties at three different locations were 3.72, 3.65, 3.72, 3.75, and 3.68, respectively. The results revealed that physio-chemical and sensory parameters vary with variety and agroecology. Therefore, it is recommended that avocados be grown with proper sensory and physicochemical properties included into the production system for both domestic and industry for various purposes.
{"title":"Effect of variety and agro-ecology on physio-chemical and organoleptic quality of avocado fruit grown in Ethiopia","authors":"Demirew Abera, Mulate Zerihun, Aserse Yenasew","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2273637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2273637","url":null,"abstract":"Avocado is the most important fruit with high nutritional value in the tropics and subtropics. It is a widely grown cash crop in Ethiopia’s south, southwest, and east. However, the fruit quality of different varieties has not been studied at various locations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of variety and agroecology on the physio-chemical and sensory qualities of avocado fruit. This study used six varieties of avocados (Hass, Fuerte, Nabal, Bacon, Ettinger, and Pinkerton) and three avocado growing locations. The highest maximum values of total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity were found in varieties of Bacon at Wondo Genet (10.97%), Nabal at Debre Zeit (7.4), and Pinkerton at Wondo Genet (8.36%). All the study locations showed significant differences in total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity values (P > 0.05). Instrumental color measurement revealed statistical variations in the values of L*, a*, b*, chroma (C*), and hue angle among varieties and variety*location interaction (ho). At Wondo Genet, Nabal (81.38%), Pinkerton (5.76%), Pinkerton (5.73%), and Hass (62.23%) had the highest moisture, ash, protein, and fat content, respectively. The grand mean values of color, appearance, aroma, taste, and overall acceptability for six different avocado varieties at three different locations were 3.72, 3.65, 3.72, 3.75, and 3.68, respectively. The results revealed that physio-chemical and sensory parameters vary with variety and agroecology. Therefore, it is recommended that avocados be grown with proper sensory and physicochemical properties included into the production system for both domestic and industry for various purposes.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2275401
Zemede Amado Kelbore, Tesfatsion Tadele Wote
The efficiency of physical soil conservation structures could be improved through properly managed biological conservation strategies. Even though the physical soil and water conservation structures were implemented in many parts of Ethiopia; the structures were not stabilized well. The experiment was carried out in Hawassa Lake watershed by considering two planting positions (burm and embankment) and four spacings (5, 10, 15, and 20 cm) with four replications from 2018 to 2020 in RCBD design with a factorial combination of treatments. Results showed that desho grass planted on the embankment of fanyaaju with 20 cm space provided soil aggregate stability values of 31.65, 20.53,15.70, 11.74, and 18.70% at sieve sizes of >2 mm, 1–2 mm, 0.5–1 mm, 0.25–0.5 mm, and <0.25 mm, respectively. These values were significantly higher than others. The lower soil aggregate stability was recorded on desho grass planted at the end of the burm with 5 cm planting space. Desho grass planted on embankments with 15 cm and 20 cm also registered higher soil moisture values of 29.32 and 23.9%, respectively. The highest grass biomass yield of 1755.1 g was recorded on the embankment + PS of 15 cm. Thus, the desho plants maintained on the fanyaaju embankment with 20 cm space showed prolific root and stem growth and stabilized the physical structure. The marginal rate of return produced on 20 cm + Emb was 62.92%, showing economic viability over other treatments. Therefore, the study strongly recommends planting desho grass on the embankment of fanyaaju with 20 cm planting space as the best option for bund stabilization and productivity.
{"title":"Fanyaaju stabilization and productivity of <i>Pennisetum Pedicellatum</i> in response to planting position and spacing at Hawassa Lake watershed, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Zemede Amado Kelbore, Tesfatsion Tadele Wote","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2275401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2275401","url":null,"abstract":"The efficiency of physical soil conservation structures could be improved through properly managed biological conservation strategies. Even though the physical soil and water conservation structures were implemented in many parts of Ethiopia; the structures were not stabilized well. The experiment was carried out in Hawassa Lake watershed by considering two planting positions (burm and embankment) and four spacings (5, 10, 15, and 20 cm) with four replications from 2018 to 2020 in RCBD design with a factorial combination of treatments. Results showed that desho grass planted on the embankment of fanyaaju with 20 cm space provided soil aggregate stability values of 31.65, 20.53,15.70, 11.74, and 18.70% at sieve sizes of >2 mm, 1–2 mm, 0.5–1 mm, 0.25–0.5 mm, and <0.25 mm, respectively. These values were significantly higher than others. The lower soil aggregate stability was recorded on desho grass planted at the end of the burm with 5 cm planting space. Desho grass planted on embankments with 15 cm and 20 cm also registered higher soil moisture values of 29.32 and 23.9%, respectively. The highest grass biomass yield of 1755.1 g was recorded on the embankment + PS of 15 cm. Thus, the desho plants maintained on the fanyaaju embankment with 20 cm space showed prolific root and stem growth and stabilized the physical structure. The marginal rate of return produced on 20 cm + Emb was 62.92%, showing economic viability over other treatments. Therefore, the study strongly recommends planting desho grass on the embankment of fanyaaju with 20 cm planting space as the best option for bund stabilization and productivity.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2023.2275415
Yayra K. Agbemabiese, Abdul-Halim Abubakari, Israel K. Dzomeku, Shaibu Abdul-Ganiyu
Fertigation by drip irrigation enhances the supply of water and nutrients directly to the root zone of plants. This results in maximal crop water and nutrient uptake and reduces leaching of nutrients and chemicals from the root zone. Two tomato varieties were cultivated in soilless medium in two greenhouse conditions to assess fertilizer rate, and irrigation regime on yield, water and nutrient utilization under a factorial experimental layout in a split-split plot design. The treatments were: three levels of fertilizer rate (F1: 100%, F2: 80%, F3: 60%) as recommended for soilless grown greenhouse tomato production, three levels of irrigation regime (I1: 100%, I2: 80%, I3: 60%) with respect to the crop water requirement and two tomato genotypes (V1: Jalila F1, V2: Yetty F1). A 20% to 40% decrease in fertilizer rate and irrigation regime decreased cluster (0.9–6.6%), flower (0.9–13.1%) and fruit (0.3–15%) formation under greenhouse condition. Marketable yield as affected by the combination of fertilizer rate by irrigation regime by genotype increased with increase in crop water productivity and nutrient use efficiency under greenhouse condition. Nutrient use efficiency increased with increase in crop water productivity. Evidently, marketable yield, crop water productivity and nutrient use efficiency vary significantly with plant nutrition, irrigation, genotype and its interactions. These are critical in curbing water scarcity, managing the economic crisis and to further the quest for zero hunger.
{"title":"Water and nutrient use efficiency of soilless grown greenhouse tomato (Lycopersicon <i>esculentum</i> L.)","authors":"Yayra K. Agbemabiese, Abdul-Halim Abubakari, Israel K. Dzomeku, Shaibu Abdul-Ganiyu","doi":"10.1080/23311932.2023.2275415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2023.2275415","url":null,"abstract":"Fertigation by drip irrigation enhances the supply of water and nutrients directly to the root zone of plants. This results in maximal crop water and nutrient uptake and reduces leaching of nutrients and chemicals from the root zone. Two tomato varieties were cultivated in soilless medium in two greenhouse conditions to assess fertilizer rate, and irrigation regime on yield, water and nutrient utilization under a factorial experimental layout in a split-split plot design. The treatments were: three levels of fertilizer rate (F1: 100%, F2: 80%, F3: 60%) as recommended for soilless grown greenhouse tomato production, three levels of irrigation regime (I1: 100%, I2: 80%, I3: 60%) with respect to the crop water requirement and two tomato genotypes (V1: Jalila F1, V2: Yetty F1). A 20% to 40% decrease in fertilizer rate and irrigation regime decreased cluster (0.9–6.6%), flower (0.9–13.1%) and fruit (0.3–15%) formation under greenhouse condition. Marketable yield as affected by the combination of fertilizer rate by irrigation regime by genotype increased with increase in crop water productivity and nutrient use efficiency under greenhouse condition. Nutrient use efficiency increased with increase in crop water productivity. Evidently, marketable yield, crop water productivity and nutrient use efficiency vary significantly with plant nutrition, irrigation, genotype and its interactions. These are critical in curbing water scarcity, managing the economic crisis and to further the quest for zero hunger.","PeriodicalId":10521,"journal":{"name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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