Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333287
M. Bockmair, J. Detlefsen
First experimental results for a short range millimeterwave imaging system are reported, which uses four homodyne receivers positioned along a linear aperture in order to get azimuthal resolution. The radial distance is additionally evaluated by switching between two frequencies in analogy to the Doppler diplex radar [1]. The method results in an effective imaging system, which allows the position of point scatterers to be on-line determined with high accuracy. The fundamentals of the method were proposed and verified in [2]. The angular accuracy and resolution capabilities were discussed in [3]. This paper concentrates on the determination of the radial distance and the performance of the complete system.
{"title":"A Multistatic Two-Dimensional Millimeter Wave Imaging System at 35 GHz","authors":"M. Bockmair, J. Detlefsen","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333287","url":null,"abstract":"First experimental results for a short range millimeterwave imaging system are reported, which uses four homodyne receivers positioned along a linear aperture in order to get azimuthal resolution. The radial distance is additionally evaluated by switching between two frequencies in analogy to the Doppler diplex radar [1]. The method results in an effective imaging system, which allows the position of point scatterers to be on-line determined with high accuracy. The fundamentals of the method were proposed and verified in [2]. The angular accuracy and resolution capabilities were discussed in [3]. This paper concentrates on the determination of the radial distance and the performance of the complete system.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117189888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333198
G. Bock
The nonreciprocal propagation behaviour of slot lines with dielectric-ferrite double layer substrate with finite or infinite thin metal coating is analysed using the mode matching technique. The method is exact apart from numerical evaluation, where the infinite series have to be truncated. Dispersion diagrams for normalized propagation wavelength ¿z/¿o, differential phase shift ¿ß = ß+¿ß¿, and characteristic impedance Zc for the slot fundamental mode are presented and are partly compared with measurements.
{"title":"Nonreciprocal Propagation Characteristics of Slot Lines with Dielectric-Ferrite Double Layer Substrate","authors":"G. Bock","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333198","url":null,"abstract":"The nonreciprocal propagation behaviour of slot lines with dielectric-ferrite double layer substrate with finite or infinite thin metal coating is analysed using the mode matching technique. The method is exact apart from numerical evaluation, where the infinite series have to be truncated. Dispersion diagrams for normalized propagation wavelength ¿z/¿o, differential phase shift ¿ß = ß+¿ß¿, and characteristic impedance Zc for the slot fundamental mode are presented and are partly compared with measurements.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125075938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333309
C. Staeger
A rf-cab1e structural return loss test set-up is described, which bases on a modified transmission measurement circuit. The measuring accuracy is, compared with conventional methods, much higher, because no cable connectors and no directive devices with their inherent errors are needed.
{"title":"An Improved Method for RF- and Microwave-Cable Structural Return Loss Measurement for Type Testing","authors":"C. Staeger","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333309","url":null,"abstract":"A rf-cab1e structural return loss test set-up is described, which bases on a modified transmission measurement circuit. The measuring accuracy is, compared with conventional methods, much higher, because no cable connectors and no directive devices with their inherent errors are needed.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"28 4 Suppl 15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123436242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333291
R. Knoechel
A novel double balanced mixer (DBM) design is reported, which is suitable to cover very broad IF-bandwidths, and overcomes the problem of IF-bandwidth restriction, co. mon to many other DBft's. The mixer utilizes bilateral finline at the RF-input and a tapered balun at the IF-output. The circuit can be produced up to the mm-wave range using low-cost planar transmission line techniques. Features of the nev design are demonstrated at the example of a mixer, that dovnconverts the entire K-band (18-26.5 GHz) to intermediate frequencies anywhere between 2-16.5 GHz or serves as an upconverter, thus extending the bandwidth of a network analyzer.
{"title":"A Double Balanced Finline Mixer with Broad if Bandwidth Capability","authors":"R. Knoechel","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333291","url":null,"abstract":"A novel double balanced mixer (DBM) design is reported, which is suitable to cover very broad IF-bandwidths, and overcomes the problem of IF-bandwidth restriction, co. mon to many other DBft's. The mixer utilizes bilateral finline at the RF-input and a tapered balun at the IF-output. The circuit can be produced up to the mm-wave range using low-cost planar transmission line techniques. Features of the nev design are demonstrated at the example of a mixer, that dovnconverts the entire K-band (18-26.5 GHz) to intermediate frequencies anywhere between 2-16.5 GHz or serves as an upconverter, thus extending the bandwidth of a network analyzer.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115097338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333209
H. Rupp
Microwave radio relay systems now in operation are mainly analog FM systems. The state of the art for these systems is recalled. During the last years microwave radio relay systems are rapidly moving towards digital transmission. Principles of these systems together with the main problems to be solved are presented. Of special importance in this context is the efficient use of the available frequency spectrum. One approach to use frequency spectrum most effectively is single sideband modulation. Another approach for thin route systems are point to multipoint radio relay systems. These systems provide demand assigned access to the transmission channel. Mobile microwave systems can provide countermeasure-and interception-free communications over distances of some km. Special attention has to be paid to the problems of fading and shadowing, to be encountered by suitable system lay-out.
{"title":"Microwave Systems for Fixed and Mobile Services","authors":"H. Rupp","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333209","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave radio relay systems now in operation are mainly analog FM systems. The state of the art for these systems is recalled. During the last years microwave radio relay systems are rapidly moving towards digital transmission. Principles of these systems together with the main problems to be solved are presented. Of special importance in this context is the efficient use of the available frequency spectrum. One approach to use frequency spectrum most effectively is single sideband modulation. Another approach for thin route systems are point to multipoint radio relay systems. These systems provide demand assigned access to the transmission channel. Mobile microwave systems can provide countermeasure-and interception-free communications over distances of some km. Special attention has to be paid to the problems of fading and shadowing, to be encountered by suitable system lay-out.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114153173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333320
T. Hartmann, W. Hetzner,, J. Detlefsen
Complex impedance measurements in the frequency range above 27 GHz can be realized by heterodyning the measured signals to the operating frequencies of existing microwave network analysers. The concept works well in Ka-band [1], but in higher frequency bands the inherent phase noise of the solid state sources influences the locking behaviour of the used HP-network analyser seriously. The use of commercially available W-band IMPATT sources for the sweeper and the local oscillator is unsuccessful due to excessive phase noise [2,3]. The problem can be solved at great expense by using synthesized sources [3], but careful design of the IMPATT oscillators together with some modifications of the phase lock loop in the network analyser results in a satisfactory impedance measuring set up for a 3 GHz window at 94.5 GHz. This approach made for a simple low cost set-up uses a small desk top computer to correct for system errors with an algorithm similar to that one proposed by J. Fitzpatrick [4].
{"title":"Complex Impedance Measurement with a Network Analyser by Down-Conversion using Unstabilized W-Band-Impatt-Sources","authors":"T. Hartmann, W. Hetzner,, J. Detlefsen","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333320","url":null,"abstract":"Complex impedance measurements in the frequency range above 27 GHz can be realized by heterodyning the measured signals to the operating frequencies of existing microwave network analysers. The concept works well in Ka-band [1], but in higher frequency bands the inherent phase noise of the solid state sources influences the locking behaviour of the used HP-network analyser seriously. The use of commercially available W-band IMPATT sources for the sweeper and the local oscillator is unsuccessful due to excessive phase noise [2,3]. The problem can be solved at great expense by using synthesized sources [3], but careful design of the IMPATT oscillators together with some modifications of the phase lock loop in the network analyser results in a satisfactory impedance measuring set up for a 3 GHz window at 94.5 GHz. This approach made for a simple low cost set-up uses a small desk top computer to correct for system errors with an algorithm similar to that one proposed by J. Fitzpatrick [4].","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123962123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333322
M. Kenderessy
A new automatic method will be presented for the measurement of microwave impedance. The measurement system consists of two directional couplers and a slotted line. The slotted line works here as a switched device, the field intensity is measured by it only in its two extreme positions. For the calibration of the system, there are two new devices, which are discussed in the paper.
{"title":"Simple Automatic Impedance Meter in the Microwave Range","authors":"M. Kenderessy","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333322","url":null,"abstract":"A new automatic method will be presented for the measurement of microwave impedance. The measurement system consists of two directional couplers and a slotted line. The slotted line works here as a switched device, the field intensity is measured by it only in its two extreme positions. For the calibration of the system, there are two new devices, which are discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123343608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333310
M. Hélier, J. Bolomey
The principle of local electric field measurements on microwave integrated circuits with radiating probes is described. The main conclusions of the numerical modeling of the probes are discussed. Experimental methods and results of measurement on models and on a monolithic integrated amplifier are presented.
{"title":"Test of Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits with Radiating Probes","authors":"M. Hélier, J. Bolomey","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333310","url":null,"abstract":"The principle of local electric field measurements on microwave integrated circuits with radiating probes is described. The main conclusions of the numerical modeling of the probes are discussed. Experimental methods and results of measurement on models and on a monolithic integrated amplifier are presented.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121418303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333289
C. Oliver
A model is proposed for surface scattering of electromagnetic waves which combines the effects of scatterer bunching and Poisson number fluctuations due to a restricted number of scatterers lying within the illuminated region. The fluctuating scatterer density is assumed to take the form of Gaussian noise analogous to thermal radiation, whose properties are well known. The model compares favourably with the successful K-distribution models. It also indicates one approach by which the effects of surface correlations in the scatterer density can be investigated.
{"title":"The Dependence of the Statistics of the Detected Intensity on the Scatterer Properties in Microwave Imaging","authors":"C. Oliver","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333289","url":null,"abstract":"A model is proposed for surface scattering of electromagnetic waves which combines the effects of scatterer bunching and Poisson number fluctuations due to a restricted number of scatterers lying within the illuminated region. The fluctuating scatterer density is assumed to take the form of Gaussian noise analogous to thermal radiation, whose properties are well known. The model compares favourably with the successful K-distribution models. It also indicates one approach by which the effects of surface correlations in the scatterer density can be investigated.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114098246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1983-09-01DOI: 10.1109/EUMA.1983.333319
K. Brantervik
A four-port automatic network analyzer has been built for the 8-12 GHz range. An essential feature of this analyzer [1] compared with the six-port systems [2-3] is that only one detector is used, and an electrically adjustable short circuit is added as a reference object. A computer program has been developed which is written in Basic for a small desk-top computer (HP 85) to handle measurement data, adjust the short circuit and present the results. Calibration can be done automatically once for all. Measurements over the range of 8-12 GHz, including presentation, can be done in about half a minute. Results within 1 percent of magnitude and 2 degrees of phase are demonstrated.
{"title":"A Four-Port Automatic Network Analyzer","authors":"K. Brantervik","doi":"10.1109/EUMA.1983.333319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMA.1983.333319","url":null,"abstract":"A four-port automatic network analyzer has been built for the 8-12 GHz range. An essential feature of this analyzer [1] compared with the six-port systems [2-3] is that only one detector is used, and an electrically adjustable short circuit is added as a reference object. A computer program has been developed which is written in Basic for a small desk-top computer (HP 85) to handle measurement data, adjust the short circuit and present the results. Calibration can be done automatically once for all. Measurements over the range of 8-12 GHz, including presentation, can be done in about half a minute. Results within 1 percent of magnitude and 2 degrees of phase are demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":105436,"journal":{"name":"1983 13th European Microwave Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124164205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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