Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977092
Noor Hafizah Abdul Halim, A. Z. Ahmed, N. Zakaria
The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits of pitch insulation and ceiling insulation for air-conditioned buildings in the tropical climate of Malaysia. These are performed via computer simulations using a whole-building thermal energy software Integrated Environmental Solution (IES) with Apache Sim 6.0.2. The benefits are appraised by the thermal impact and the cooling load in three cooling modes due to the pitch insulation and ceiling insulation. The three cooling modes are 24-hr cooling, daytime and night-time cooling. The simulation is performed using the Subang weather data for the month of March that represents the hottest month in typical year weather data in Malaysia. Results show that advantage and the disadvantage of the insulation are more evident in the attic than in the indoor space underneath the ceiling. Compared to the non-insulated roof, pitch insulation reduces the daytime attic temperature up to 6.9°C but only about 0.4°C for the indoor. On the contrary, ceiling insulation elevates daytime attic temperature up to 2.2 °C but lowers the indoor temperature up to 0.8°C. Both insulations create adverse temporal effect in both spaces, however the advantage outweighs the disadvantage. Despite nominal thermal improvements, the month savings on the cooling load of about 6–24 % is noteworthy.
{"title":"Thermal and energy analysis of ceiling and pitch insulation for buildings in Malaysia","authors":"Noor Hafizah Abdul Halim, A. Z. Ahmed, N. Zakaria","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977092","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to investigate the benefits of pitch insulation and ceiling insulation for air-conditioned buildings in the tropical climate of Malaysia. These are performed via computer simulations using a whole-building thermal energy software Integrated Environmental Solution (IES) with Apache Sim 6.0.2. The benefits are appraised by the thermal impact and the cooling load in three cooling modes due to the pitch insulation and ceiling insulation. The three cooling modes are 24-hr cooling, daytime and night-time cooling. The simulation is performed using the Subang weather data for the month of March that represents the hottest month in typical year weather data in Malaysia. Results show that advantage and the disadvantage of the insulation are more evident in the attic than in the indoor space underneath the ceiling. Compared to the non-insulated roof, pitch insulation reduces the daytime attic temperature up to 6.9°C but only about 0.4°C for the indoor. On the contrary, ceiling insulation elevates daytime attic temperature up to 2.2 °C but lowers the indoor temperature up to 0.8°C. Both insulations create adverse temporal effect in both spaces, however the advantage outweighs the disadvantage. Despite nominal thermal improvements, the month savings on the cooling load of about 6–24 % is noteworthy.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124571739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977120
P. Sunderan, B. Singh, N. M. Mohamed, N. Husain
The objective of this study is to determine the technical and economical feasibility of a PV-natural gas hybrid power system to supply electricity and energy for a university in Malaysia. The yearly average daily solar radiation received at the university campus area is about 4.77 kWh/m2 and this provides for the implementation of a hybrid PV power system. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software was used to size, simulate and evaluate the hybrid power system in this analysis. The simulations provide some insights into the monthly electricity generated by the photovoltaic-natural gas system, net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) of the system, renewable fraction (RF) and greenhouse gas emissions of the system. The simulation in HOMER was performed for a 2MW PV generator together with 8.4 MW gas generator. From the simulation results, it is found that for a hybrid system with RF of 9%, the NPC of the hybrid system is US$ 123,231,728 and the COE is $0.272 which is much lower than what it would cost for a gas only system (RF is 0%). With the inclusion of PV, the amount of natural gas burned in the hybrid system was reduced and this in turn reduced the amount of environmentally polluting gases emitted into the atmosphere by 7.2% as compared to a gas only system. This analysis suggests that a PV hybrid power system should be implemented as it a cleaner and more economical method of power generation.
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of an off-grid photovoltaic natural gas power system for a university","authors":"P. Sunderan, B. Singh, N. M. Mohamed, N. Husain","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977120","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to determine the technical and economical feasibility of a PV-natural gas hybrid power system to supply electricity and energy for a university in Malaysia. The yearly average daily solar radiation received at the university campus area is about 4.77 kWh/m2 and this provides for the implementation of a hybrid PV power system. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software was used to size, simulate and evaluate the hybrid power system in this analysis. The simulations provide some insights into the monthly electricity generated by the photovoltaic-natural gas system, net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) of the system, renewable fraction (RF) and greenhouse gas emissions of the system. The simulation in HOMER was performed for a 2MW PV generator together with 8.4 MW gas generator. From the simulation results, it is found that for a hybrid system with RF of 9%, the NPC of the hybrid system is US$ 123,231,728 and the COE is $0.272 which is much lower than what it would cost for a gas only system (RF is 0%). With the inclusion of PV, the amount of natural gas burned in the hybrid system was reduced and this in turn reduced the amount of environmentally polluting gases emitted into the atmosphere by 7.2% as compared to a gas only system. This analysis suggests that a PV hybrid power system should be implemented as it a cleaner and more economical method of power generation.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"550 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123100368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977081
W. Ali, A. Taib, N. Hussin, R. Budiarto, J. Othman
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a next generation protocol that is designed to solve the problem of the current Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) depletion. With IPv6, almost anything in the world can be assigned an IPv6 address which makes communication between every single person to another possible. Besides, monitoring and sensing every single node or instrument can be done due to each item has its own IPv6 address. Realizing the features of IPv6, enterprise networks have begun deploying IPv6. Although they have not decided to deploy IPv6, IPv6 packet is possibly already in the network due to the most present operating systems supporting IPv6 and IPv6 enable is set as default. Deploying IPv6 in the existing IPv4 network results in coexistence of both protocols in the network. Thus, the coexistence condition exposed enterprise's network to higher probability of vulnerabilities and attacks. Hence, several security policies should be created to maintain security for both IPv4 and IPv6. A proper mechanism to manage the policies to ensure a secure IPv6 deployment is a necessity. Since enterprises have many branches and counterparts, it is essential to have a mechanism to distribute the policies among their branches or subnets. Therefore, the proper mechanism to distribute the security policy which will also support the green computing environment should be formed.
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)是为解决当前Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)耗尽的问题而设计的下一代协议。有了IPv6，世界上几乎任何东西都可以被分配一个IPv6地址，这使得每个人之间的通信成为可能。此外，由于每个项目都有自己的IPv6地址，因此可以对每个单个节点或仪器进行监控和传感。在认识到IPv6的特性后，企业网络已经开始部署IPv6。虽然他们还没有决定部署IPv6, IPv6数据包可能已经在网络中，因为大多数目前的操作系统支持IPv6和IPv6启用设置为默认值。在现有的IPv4网络中部署IPv6，会导致两种协议在网络中共存。因此，这种共存状态将企业网络暴露在更高的漏洞和攻击概率之下。因此，应该创建几个安全策略来维护IPv4和IPv6的安全性。一个适当的机制来管理策略，以确保安全的IPv6部署是必要的。由于企业有许多分支机构和对等机构，因此必须有一种机制在其分支机构或子网之间分发策略。因此，需要形成一种支持绿色计算环境的安全策略分发机制。
{"title":"Distributed security policy for IPv6 deployment","authors":"W. Ali, A. Taib, N. Hussin, R. Budiarto, J. Othman","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977081","url":null,"abstract":"Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a next generation protocol that is designed to solve the problem of the current Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) depletion. With IPv6, almost anything in the world can be assigned an IPv6 address which makes communication between every single person to another possible. Besides, monitoring and sensing every single node or instrument can be done due to each item has its own IPv6 address. Realizing the features of IPv6, enterprise networks have begun deploying IPv6. Although they have not decided to deploy IPv6, IPv6 packet is possibly already in the network due to the most present operating systems supporting IPv6 and IPv6 enable is set as default. Deploying IPv6 in the existing IPv4 network results in coexistence of both protocols in the network. Thus, the coexistence condition exposed enterprise's network to higher probability of vulnerabilities and attacks. Hence, several security policies should be created to maintain security for both IPv4 and IPv6. A proper mechanism to manage the policies to ensure a secure IPv6 deployment is a necessity. Since enterprises have many branches and counterparts, it is essential to have a mechanism to distribute the policies among their branches or subnets. Therefore, the proper mechanism to distribute the security policy which will also support the green computing environment should be formed.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"245 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121673875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977085
Franky S. Lias, K. Jamil, D. Norsila
Biomonitoring technique has been used to obtain quantitative information on the quality of the environment by using soil as its agent. Soil samples were collected on the 12 December 2010, dried in oven, homogenized, grinded and sieved (63μm) and digested with nitric acid and perchloric acid in microwave digestion. Five (5) elements were determined (Co, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) and the digested samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentration of cobalt, cadmium, copper, lead and nickel were 1.52–3.8 mg/kg, 0.0014–0.066 mg/kg, 3.88–15.9 mg/kg, 3.8–11.7 mg/kg and 16.1–76.9 mg/kg respectively. Result showed that the distribution of heavy metals is slightly higher close to cement plant and decreased as the distance farther. The enrichment factor data indicated that cobalt, cadmium copper, lead and nickel were undergone minimal enrichment.
{"title":"Biomonitoring of heavy metals using soil near Teluk Ewa cement plant: Preliminary study","authors":"Franky S. Lias, K. Jamil, D. Norsila","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977085","url":null,"abstract":"Biomonitoring technique has been used to obtain quantitative information on the quality of the environment by using soil as its agent. Soil samples were collected on the 12 December 2010, dried in oven, homogenized, grinded and sieved (63μm) and digested with nitric acid and perchloric acid in microwave digestion. Five (5) elements were determined (Co, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) and the digested samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentration of cobalt, cadmium, copper, lead and nickel were 1.52–3.8 mg/kg, 0.0014–0.066 mg/kg, 3.88–15.9 mg/kg, 3.8–11.7 mg/kg and 16.1–76.9 mg/kg respectively. Result showed that the distribution of heavy metals is slightly higher close to cement plant and decreased as the distance farther. The enrichment factor data indicated that cobalt, cadmium copper, lead and nickel were undergone minimal enrichment.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132621896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977097
Rosdiyani Massaguni, S. Latip
Golden apple snail, (Pomacea canaliculata) was reported could cause severe damage on food crop especially paddy, which is a staple food for more than 60% of the world population. The farmers mostly rely on chemical and synthetic molluscicides to overcome this problem which improper use of pesticide could give negative impact on environmental. Therefore, there is a need to determine the potential botanical molluscicides in order to ensure the low cost and efficient pest management control method along with protection of the environment. The present study investigated the toxicity of two different neem plant parts (leaves and seeds) against small (10–20mm) and large (20–40mm) sizes of golden apple snails using bioassay. The crude extract treatments were incorporated into the paddy seedlings as a food source of golden apple snails and the concentrations of the leaves and seeds crude extract, which killed 50% of the test population (LC50) determined the efficacy of selected extracts. From the result, both plant parts have ability in controlling golden apple snail but aqueous neem leaves crude extract was expressed the most effective controlled compared with aqueous seeds crude extract for both size of golden apple snails. It caused high rate of snail mortality after 96 hours with 93.33% and 84.17% compared to 71.67% and 73.33% for different sizes of golden apple snail, respectively. In addition, aqueous neem leaves crude extract also have the potency in controlling both sizes of golden apple snails with low concentration compared to aqueous neem seeds crude extract. In the observation of the toxicity effects, LC50 values was lower for neem leaves crude extract with of 44,196.9 ppm and 49,801.5 ppm followed by aqueous neem seeds crude extract with LC50 of 103,551 ppm and 104,475 ppm for both sizes of golden apple snails. The results of this study suggested that aqueous neem plant extract can be used for controlling golden apple snail and its application can be provided an alternative way for sustainable pest control in paddy field.
{"title":"Neem crude extract as Biomolluscicide for sustainable control of golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata","authors":"Rosdiyani Massaguni, S. Latip","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977097","url":null,"abstract":"Golden apple snail, (Pomacea canaliculata) was reported could cause severe damage on food crop especially paddy, which is a staple food for more than 60% of the world population. The farmers mostly rely on chemical and synthetic molluscicides to overcome this problem which improper use of pesticide could give negative impact on environmental. Therefore, there is a need to determine the potential botanical molluscicides in order to ensure the low cost and efficient pest management control method along with protection of the environment. The present study investigated the toxicity of two different neem plant parts (leaves and seeds) against small (10–20mm) and large (20–40mm) sizes of golden apple snails using bioassay. The crude extract treatments were incorporated into the paddy seedlings as a food source of golden apple snails and the concentrations of the leaves and seeds crude extract, which killed 50% of the test population (LC50) determined the efficacy of selected extracts. From the result, both plant parts have ability in controlling golden apple snail but aqueous neem leaves crude extract was expressed the most effective controlled compared with aqueous seeds crude extract for both size of golden apple snails. It caused high rate of snail mortality after 96 hours with 93.33% and 84.17% compared to 71.67% and 73.33% for different sizes of golden apple snail, respectively. In addition, aqueous neem leaves crude extract also have the potency in controlling both sizes of golden apple snails with low concentration compared to aqueous neem seeds crude extract. In the observation of the toxicity effects, LC50 values was lower for neem leaves crude extract with of 44,196.9 ppm and 49,801.5 ppm followed by aqueous neem seeds crude extract with LC50 of 103,551 ppm and 104,475 ppm for both sizes of golden apple snails. The results of this study suggested that aqueous neem plant extract can be used for controlling golden apple snail and its application can be provided an alternative way for sustainable pest control in paddy field.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132838376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977116
Norulaina Alias, R. Yunus, A. Idris
Hydraulic fluids are liquids used as the motive medium in hydraulic machinery and equipment. The current interest in protecting the environment has created a demand for vegetable-based and biodegradable hydraulic fluids. However, the lubricating properties of the vegetable-based such as poor oxidative stability and high pour point have hindered their use. In this study, Trimethylolpropane (TMP) Ester or TMPE, which is derived from palm oil-based methyl ester (POME), was used as the base fluid. The objective of this research is to study the lubrication properties of the formulated TMPE (TMPE + 1.0% of Additive A), namely the pour point (PP) test, wear and friction test and filterability test. The pour point obtained from this research was 10°C before applied to the lab-scale hydraulic test rig. This reading is much higher if compared to the commercial hydraulic fluid, which has the pour point of −30°C. Nevertheless, this result was slightly comparable to the unformulated TMPE, 12°C. The wear test shows that at 15 kg load, the WSD was 1.0 mm before application (at 0 hour), with the coefficient of friction (CoF) was 0.04 as compared to the WSD of unformulated oil, 0.46 mm and CoF of 0.04. There is no data available at 15kg load for the commercial hydraulic oil compared. Meanwhile, at 40 kg load, the WSD recorded was 3.24 mm before the application compared to commercial hydraulic oil, 0.36 mm and unformulated oil, 0.64 mm. After 800 hours application, the WSD increase sharply both for 15 kg (1049 mm) and 40 kg (3364 mm). It showed that there were particles built in the formulated oil. This is supported by the filterability study.
{"title":"Effect of additives on lubrication properties of palm oil-based trimethylolpropane ester for hydraulic fluid application","authors":"Norulaina Alias, R. Yunus, A. Idris","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977116","url":null,"abstract":"Hydraulic fluids are liquids used as the motive medium in hydraulic machinery and equipment. The current interest in protecting the environment has created a demand for vegetable-based and biodegradable hydraulic fluids. However, the lubricating properties of the vegetable-based such as poor oxidative stability and high pour point have hindered their use. In this study, Trimethylolpropane (TMP) Ester or TMPE, which is derived from palm oil-based methyl ester (POME), was used as the base fluid. The objective of this research is to study the lubrication properties of the formulated TMPE (TMPE + 1.0% of Additive A), namely the pour point (PP) test, wear and friction test and filterability test. The pour point obtained from this research was 10°C before applied to the lab-scale hydraulic test rig. This reading is much higher if compared to the commercial hydraulic fluid, which has the pour point of −30°C. Nevertheless, this result was slightly comparable to the unformulated TMPE, 12°C. The wear test shows that at 15 kg load, the WSD was 1.0 mm before application (at 0 hour), with the coefficient of friction (CoF) was 0.04 as compared to the WSD of unformulated oil, 0.46 mm and CoF of 0.04. There is no data available at 15kg load for the commercial hydraulic oil compared. Meanwhile, at 40 kg load, the WSD recorded was 3.24 mm before the application compared to commercial hydraulic oil, 0.36 mm and unformulated oil, 0.64 mm. After 800 hours application, the WSD increase sharply both for 15 kg (1049 mm) and 40 kg (3364 mm). It showed that there were particles built in the formulated oil. This is supported by the filterability study.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125703115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977124
Suhaimee Saahar Saabar, Ahmad Faisal Mohd Fiah, A. Halim, A. M. Nor
Awareness among society members is a crucial point in promoting environmental issues in the world especially Malaysia. Various steps have been taken by the relevant authorities to increase awareness on environmental issues. One of the steps is to disseminate information through media. Another step is by executing environmental campaign through advertising whether in print or electronic. However, it would be a “wasteful” campaign if advertisement on environment in media is not effective or will not be able to attract public attention. Therefore, it is strongly believed that one of the essential criteria in the advertisement is creative execution. This paper aims to study the green advertising in Malaysia focussing on green print advertisement in four selected magazines published in March 2011. Five objectives are set which are to analyse (1) ad's characteristics in selected green advertisements, (2) ad's greenness contains in selected green advertisements, (3) ad's objectives in selected green advertisements, (4) ad's appeals contain in selected green advertisements and (5) environmental issues contain in selected green advertisements. Analytical framework introduced by Banerjee, et. al (1995) was adopted in this study.
{"title":"A content analysis of creative execution on green advertisements in Malaysia","authors":"Suhaimee Saahar Saabar, Ahmad Faisal Mohd Fiah, A. Halim, A. M. Nor","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977124","url":null,"abstract":"Awareness among society members is a crucial point in promoting environmental issues in the world especially Malaysia. Various steps have been taken by the relevant authorities to increase awareness on environmental issues. One of the steps is to disseminate information through media. Another step is by executing environmental campaign through advertising whether in print or electronic. However, it would be a “wasteful” campaign if advertisement on environment in media is not effective or will not be able to attract public attention. Therefore, it is strongly believed that one of the essential criteria in the advertisement is creative execution. This paper aims to study the green advertising in Malaysia focussing on green print advertisement in four selected magazines published in March 2011. Five objectives are set which are to analyse (1) ad's characteristics in selected green advertisements, (2) ad's greenness contains in selected green advertisements, (3) ad's objectives in selected green advertisements, (4) ad's appeals contain in selected green advertisements and (5) environmental issues contain in selected green advertisements. Analytical framework introduced by Banerjee, et. al (1995) was adopted in this study.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125587580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977118
A. Ridzuan, M. Fauzi, Azman Kassim
Self consolidating concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that does not require vibration for placing and compaction. It offers a rapid rate of concrete placement, with faster construction times and ease of flow around congested reinforcement. The improved construction practice and performance, combined with the health and safety benefits, make SCC a very attractive solution for both precast concrete and civil engineering construction [1]. If the production of concrete wastes is not managed properly, Malaysia will face major environmental problems. The Government will have to bear the unnecessary costs for clean-ups, repairs and protection measures on illegal dumping areas and providing more landfills. Recycling of waste concrete as crushed concrete waste aggregate (CCWA) for new concrete is beneficial for environmental preservation and effective utilization of resources. This study is to determine the compressive strength performance of SCC using CCWA as coarse aggregate with various replacement percentages of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of CCWA to normal aggregate for grade 30 N/mm2 concrete. The specimens were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days age. Results indicated that the compressive strength of SCC containing up to 25% CCWA coarse aggregate replacement is comparable to the compressive strength of normal aggregate SCC.
{"title":"The evaluation of self consolidating concrete incorporating crushed concrete waste aggregate","authors":"A. Ridzuan, M. Fauzi, Azman Kassim","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977118","url":null,"abstract":"Self consolidating concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that does not require vibration for placing and compaction. It offers a rapid rate of concrete placement, with faster construction times and ease of flow around congested reinforcement. The improved construction practice and performance, combined with the health and safety benefits, make SCC a very attractive solution for both precast concrete and civil engineering construction [1]. If the production of concrete wastes is not managed properly, Malaysia will face major environmental problems. The Government will have to bear the unnecessary costs for clean-ups, repairs and protection measures on illegal dumping areas and providing more landfills. Recycling of waste concrete as crushed concrete waste aggregate (CCWA) for new concrete is beneficial for environmental preservation and effective utilization of resources. This study is to determine the compressive strength performance of SCC using CCWA as coarse aggregate with various replacement percentages of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of CCWA to normal aggregate for grade 30 N/mm2 concrete. The specimens were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days age. Results indicated that the compressive strength of SCC containing up to 25% CCWA coarse aggregate replacement is comparable to the compressive strength of normal aggregate SCC.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132129531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977091
W. Zaki, A. H. Nawawi, S. Ahmad
Passive Architecture (PA) Terraced House has been deduced as a likely alternative to a Typical Terraced House, particularly when the former provides favourable indoor environmental conditions for a longer duration compared to the latter. Coupled with Energy Efficient (EE) appliances and Renewable Energy (RE), PA Terraced House saves the Operational Energy (OE) cost for the household. This paper advocates the above actions should be applied collectively for the least Total Multi-intervention Cost (TMC) in the long term. This study demonstrates the TMC for PA Terraced House in comparison with the Typical Terraced House for a 30-year study period. The result shows that the highest TMC for PA Terraced House is lower than the lowest TMC for Typical Terraced House, making PA Terraced House worth the while for household. It also shows that PA Terraced House increases the efficacy of EE appliances and RE system, namely solar photovoltaic (PV), thus closing the economic gap between these items and the conventional ones.
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Pub Date : 2011-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977083
M. Musa, Z. Hamzah, A. Saat
Natural occuring radioctive material (NORM) is distributed in the environment including soil. It consist the gamma emmiting radionuclides such as 40K, the decay products of 238U and 232Th such as 214Bi, 214Pb (representing 226Ra) and 228Ac (representing 228Ra). This study was carried out to determine the radioactivity concentration of NORM in soil, to calculated the radium equivalent, absorbed dose, annual effective dose and external hazard index level for the study area. The measurement was done by using gamma spectrometer with high resolution hyperpure germenium (HPGe) detector. Soil samples were collected using hand auger from the highland agricultural farm area in Cameron Highlands. These samples were dried, pulverized and sieved prior to analysis. The range of the radionuclides activity concentration for 40K is 363.6 to 1244.1Bq Bq/kg; range for 226Ra is 131.1 to 200.0 Bq/kg 228Ra 18.6 to 237.7 Bq/kg and Radium equivalent activity range 222 to 453 Bq/kg; 153.2 to 263.8 nGy/h is the range for absorbed dose rate while annual dose range from 0.17 to 0.30 mSv. External hazard index is in the range of 0.92–1.54, which are higher than unity. These value should be less than unity in order to keep the radiation hazard to be insignificant. Therefore, it can be concluded that soil from this study area might be contaminated by the fertilizer applied to the the plants itself and from the geological and geographial location soil types.
{"title":"Measurement of natural radionuclides in the soil of Highlands agricultural farmland","authors":"M. Musa, Z. Hamzah, A. Saat","doi":"10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESEE.2011.5977083","url":null,"abstract":"Natural occuring radioctive material (NORM) is distributed in the environment including soil. It consist the gamma emmiting radionuclides such as 40K, the decay products of 238U and 232Th such as 214Bi, 214Pb (representing 226Ra) and 228Ac (representing 228Ra). This study was carried out to determine the radioactivity concentration of NORM in soil, to calculated the radium equivalent, absorbed dose, annual effective dose and external hazard index level for the study area. The measurement was done by using gamma spectrometer with high resolution hyperpure germenium (HPGe) detector. Soil samples were collected using hand auger from the highland agricultural farm area in Cameron Highlands. These samples were dried, pulverized and sieved prior to analysis. The range of the radionuclides activity concentration for 40K is 363.6 to 1244.1Bq Bq/kg; range for 226Ra is 131.1 to 200.0 Bq/kg 228Ra 18.6 to 237.7 Bq/kg and Radium equivalent activity range 222 to 453 Bq/kg; 153.2 to 263.8 nGy/h is the range for absorbed dose rate while annual dose range from 0.17 to 0.30 mSv. External hazard index is in the range of 0.92–1.54, which are higher than unity. These value should be less than unity in order to keep the radiation hazard to be insignificant. Therefore, it can be concluded that soil from this study area might be contaminated by the fertilizer applied to the the plants itself and from the geological and geographial location soil types.","PeriodicalId":105476,"journal":{"name":"2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124599503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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