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2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)最新文献

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Green campus initiative: Introducing RWH system in Kolej Perindu 3 UiTM Malaysia 绿色校园倡议:在马来西亚理工大学Kolej Perindu 3引入RWH系统
T. A. Hamid, Basir Nordin
Malaysia is blessed with abundant rainfall estimated about 3000 mm per year. However, we are facing with the challenge to manage and explore its potential to serve our needs and to solve our water supply problems. Even though the government has already put some plans to overcome water shortage in the country which include the rainwater harvesting system (RWHS), its implementation is still below expectation mainly due to the low level of awareness among the people. In a campus environment, this option can be adopted as part of the green campus initiatives. In this paper, Kolej Perindu 3, one of the male residential colleges in Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia is selected as a case study in order to determine the reliability of rainwater harvesting system installation. The study shows that up to 90% reliability can be achieved based on the available rainfall data and the roof catchment area of the college. In terms of saving, it is estimated that about RM10460 can be saved annually form the water bill.
马来西亚拥有丰富的降雨量,估计每年约3000毫米。然而,我们正面临着管理和探索其潜力以满足我们的需要和解决我们的供水问题的挑战。尽管政府已经制定了一些计划来克服该国的水资源短缺,其中包括雨水收集系统(RWHS),但其实施仍然低于预期,主要原因是人们的意识水平较低。在校园环境中,这个选项可以作为绿色校园倡议的一部分。为了确定雨水收集系统安装的可靠性,本文选择了马来西亚理工大学(Universiti technologii MARA, UiTM)的一所男子住宿学院Kolej Perindu 3作为案例研究。研究表明,基于现有降雨数据和学院屋顶集水区面积,可靠性可达90%。在节省方面,估计每年可从水费中节省约RM10460。
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引用次数: 8
Synthesis and photoluminescence of SiOx nanowires and aligned nanocakes for solar cell applications 用于太阳能电池的SiOx纳米线和排列纳米焦的合成和光致发光
M. Al-Ruqeishi, Khalifa Al-Azri, R. Nor, Y. M. Amin
The growth of SiOx nanowires and nano-cakes on Au-coated n-type-Silicon (100) substrate via carbothermal evaporation were studied. The standing nanowires were preferred in solar cells to gain more energy. The effects of the Au layer thickness and rapid heating rate on the morphology of obtained SiOx nanowires were investigated. A broad emission band from 290 to 600 nm is observed in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of these nanowires. There are four PL peaks: one blue emission peaks 485 nm (2.56 eV) two green bands centred at 502 nm (2.47 eV) and 524 nm (2.37 eV) for nanocakes and one ultraviolet emission peak at 350 nm (3.54 eV) and a hemisphere curve over the bluish green area taken for SiOx nanowires. These emissions may be related to the various oxygen defects and twofold coordinated silicon lone pair centres.
研究了碳热蒸发法在镀金n型硅(100)衬底上生长SiOx纳米线和纳米饼的过程。直立的纳米线在太阳能电池中更受欢迎,以获得更多的能量。研究了Au层厚度和快速加热速率对SiOx纳米线形貌的影响。在这些纳米线的光致发光(PL)光谱中观察到290 ~ 600 nm的宽发射波段。SiOx纳米线有四个PL峰:485 nm (2.56 eV)的一个蓝色发射峰,两个以502 nm (2.47 eV)和524 nm (2.37 eV)为中心的绿色带,一个350 nm (3.54 eV)的紫外发射峰和蓝绿色区域上方的半球曲线。这些发射可能与各种氧缺陷和双配位硅孤对中心有关。
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引用次数: 0
Properties of Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) as cement replacement in mortar to support green technology material 废纸污泥灰作为水泥替代砂浆支撑绿色技术材料的性能研究
Mohd Syahrul Hisyam bin Mohd Sani, Fadhluhartini bt Muftah, Marzuki Ab Rahman
Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) is a waste material collected from the Paper Industry. WPSA is used as cement replacement in producing mortar and was investigated on its chemical, physical and mechanical properties. Construction material with natural resources now become limited and causes of air pollution and environmental problems. WPSA becomes a new innovation material that can be used as material for masonry to support the green technology due to less presence of sulphate at only 0.57% of the total weight. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Sulphur dioxide emission also can be reduced since less cement productivity is involved. The chemical and physical properties of the WPSA were determined by comparing it with the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). As the result of testing, it shows that WPSA is similar to the chemical properties of OPC and the water absorption of the mortar is 27.05%. However the total percentage of the three combinations of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 was 45% and expected to possess low pozzolanic reactivity (50%). WPSA was used in mortar with proportions of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% as cement replacement by volume along with sand and water in fix quantity. An additional control mix mortar without WPSA was also prepared. The compressive strength of each mortar mix was also determined on 3, 7, 28 and 60 days. Results show that the compressive strength increased with increasing curing age for all concrete mixes and the compressive strength decreases with increasing WPSA in the mortar. The inclusion of 50% WPSA can gain favorable strength mortar at 16.4 MPa. Meanwhile 70% and 100% replacement can be adopted for economical environmental mortar to suit lower strength mortar construction at 12.5 MPa and 7.7 MPa respectively.
废纸污泥灰(WPSA)是从造纸工业中收集的废弃物。用WPSA代替水泥生产砂浆,对其化学、物理和力学性能进行了研究。建筑材料的自然资源现在变得有限,并造成空气污染和环境问题。由于硫酸盐含量较低,仅占总重量的0.57%,因此WPSA成为一种新的创新材料,可以用作砌筑材料,以支持绿色技术。由于水泥产量降低,二氧化碳和二氧化硫的排放也可以减少。通过与普通硅酸盐水泥(OPC)的对比,确定了WPSA的化学和物理性能。试验结果表明,WPSA与OPC的化学性能相近,砂浆的吸水率为27.05%。然而,SiO2、Al2O3和Fe2O3的三种组合的总百分比为45%,预计具有较低的火山灰反应性(50%)。WPSA分别用于50%、60%、70%、80%、90%和100%配比的砂浆中,与一定量的砂和水按体积替代水泥。另外还制备了一种不含WPSA的对照砂浆。在试验第3、7、28、60天分别测定各砂浆的抗压强度。结果表明:混凝土的抗压强度随养护龄期的增加而增大,随砂浆中WPSA的增加而减小;掺加50% WPSA可获得16.4 MPa强度较好的砂浆。同时,经济环保砂浆可采用70%和100%替代,分别适合12.5 MPa和7.7 MPa的低强度砂浆施工。
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引用次数: 14
Screw-fixing damages and screw-holding performance in particleboard exposed to the kitchen environment in the selected area of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor 在吉隆坡和雪兰莪选定地区暴露在厨房环境中的刨花板的螺丝固定损坏和螺丝保持性能
F. Abu, Mansur Ahmad
Particleboard being the main building material for kitchen cabinet in Malaysia houses has shown some installation problems. The damages observed during installation are in the form of split holes, loose holes and delamination. Almost all of the sites visited have shown some damages of the particleboard during the screw fixing activities. Screw-holding performance test was done in the same condition checked at the selected site. The medium-class to upper-class residential building in Malaysia is generally equipped with air-conditioning units in order to provide thermal comfort to its occupants. It is usually limited to living room, dining room and bedroom. However, kitchens are sometimes being controlled thermally with air-conditioning units and thus are included as the material conditioning in this study. In collaboration with Signature Kitchen Sdn. Bhd., twenty-eight (28) houses in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor selected were monitored and recorded for its average temperature and relative humidity (RH). The particleboards for the screw-holding performance tests were set to an air-conditioned room environment (20°C and 65% RH) and on-site environment (31.3°C and 72% RH). The screw-holding performance test were done on the face and edge surface. It was found that the properties have passed the European Standard (EN). It is concluded that the damages during installation was not cause by the kitchen environmental condition or the quality of particleboard.
刨花板作为马来西亚家庭厨房橱柜的主要建筑材料,在安装上出现了一些问题。在安装过程中观察到的损伤形式为裂孔、松孔和分层。几乎所有的现场都显示出在螺丝固定过程中刨花板有一定的损坏。在选定的场地,在相同的条件下进行了持螺丝性能试验。马来西亚的中上层住宅建筑一般都配备了空调机组,以便为居住者提供热舒适。通常仅限于客厅、餐厅和卧室。然而,厨房有时是用空调装置进行热控制的,因此被列为本研究的材料调节。与Signature Kitchen Sdn合作。有限公司研究人员对吉隆坡和雪兰莪州选定的28所房屋进行了平均温度和相对湿度(RH)监测和记录。抓钉性能试验的刨花板分别设置在空调室内环境(20℃、65% RH)和现场环境(31.3℃、72% RH)下。在表面和边缘表面进行了螺杆持紧性能试验。经检测,其性能已通过欧洲标准(EN)。结果表明,安装过程中造成的损伤与厨房环境和刨花板质量无关。
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引用次数: 3
Energy efficiency in natural gas processing plant via adoption of complex column (Petlyuk column) for sustainable environment 通过采用复合塔柱(Petlyuk塔柱)提高天然气加工厂的能源效率,实现可持续环境
R. M. Zin, R. Salleh, R. Sazali, Norin Zamiah Kassim
Petlyuk column is complex unconventional column that employed distributed distillation method through thermally coupled technique which minimizes the lost work due mixing and recycling of fluids within a column[1]. Conventional distillation operation is energy extensive process that responsible for immense amount of energy utilization with large capital cost investment. It is reported that, heat utilizations for the conventional fractionation/separation train to carry out the desired duty involve enormous amount of heat, which is about 40–60 % of the overall plant. Hence for future generation, it is crucial to have a new arrangement of separation unit that have noble in energy efficiency, operating cost and wise capital investment are desired in order to reduce the total energy consumption for sustainable environment. In this research work, the separation train in natural gas processing plant utilized the use of Petlyuk Column (complex column) and simulated in HYSYS to ensure that the sequence generated practically can be achieved and meet the requirements particularly in product specifications. Economics analysis on capital cost and operatjing cost shows promising potential savings in all aspects of capital cost, operating cost and energy consumptions of about 43.82% 46.03 % and 29.10% respectively.
Petlyuk塔是一种复杂的非常规塔,通过热耦合技术采用分布式蒸馏方法,最大限度地减少了塔内流体混合和回收造成的损失。常规精馏操作是耗能大的过程,能源利用率高,投资成本高。据报道,传统的分馏/分离装置要完成预期的任务,其热量利用涉及大量的热量,约占整个装置的40 - 60%。因此,对于未来的发电来说,有一种新的分离装置的安排是至关重要的,它需要在能源效率、运行成本和明智的资本投资方面取得良好的效果,以减少总能源消耗,实现可持续的环境。在本研究工作中,天然气加工厂的分离流程采用了Petlyuk柱(复杂柱),并在HYSYS中进行了模拟,以确保实际生成的序列能够实现,特别是满足产品规格的要求。对资金成本和运营成本的经济分析表明,在资金成本、运营成本和能源消耗的各个方面,分别节省约43.82%、46.03%和29.10%。
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引用次数: 1
Terraced residential housing indoor and outdoor air quality in Shah Alam, Malaysia 马来西亚沙阿南的排屋住宅室内和室外空气质量
Fairus Muhamad Darus, A. Zain-Ahmed, Mohd Talib Latif
The indoor and outdoor air quality at four residential buildings in Shah Alam, Selangor was investigated. The concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and particulate matters (PM10) in outdoor and indoor of the houses were determined for 8 hour period. The mean concentration of CO, CO2 and PM10 indoor was in the range 0.24–0.31 ppm, 437.18–549.57 ppm and 94.00–124.00 μg/m3 respectively. The results indicated that all of the average indoor concentrations of CO, CO2, and PM10 were below the limit of Malaysian guideline standards. The indoor/outdoor concentration ratios of all air pollutants were found to be below one, except for CO2 which seems to be affected by outdoor sources of origin.
对雪兰莪州沙阿南四栋住宅的室内和室外空气质量进行了调查。在8小时的时间里,测定了房屋室内外一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO2)和颗粒物(PM10)的浓度。室内CO、CO2和PM10的平均浓度分别为0.24 ~ 0.31 ppm、437.18 ~ 549.57 ppm和94.00 ~ 124.00 μg/m3。结果表明,所有室内CO、CO2和PM10的平均浓度均低于马来西亚指导标准的限值。所有空气污染物的室内/室外浓度比均低于1,但二氧化碳似乎受到室外来源的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Anxiety and imagery of green space among athletes 运动员对绿地的焦虑和意象
Vincent A. Parnabas, Yahaya Mahamood
Anxiety is multidimensional in nature with both cognitive and somatic components. Since anxiety has been the main barrier on performance among, many psychological researches has been done on coping strategies to reduce the level of anxiety on athletes. Imagery, which not only focuses on visual senses but may include other senses as well, helps athletes to reduce anxiety and improve performance. Visualize green space has a positive impact on mental health. The aim of this research was to evaluate the usage of imagery relaxation (high, medium and low) and their anxiety level. The sample consisted of 844 athletes was drawn from athletes who competed MASUM (Sport between Universities), MSSM (Sport between Schools) and Sukan Olimpik Muda (Young Olympic athletes Sport). The instrument used for the study comprised of Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and Cognitive Coping Anxiety Strategies. The result reviewed that highest user of imagery techniques by visualize green space experienced the lowest level of anxiety and vice versa. Sport psychologists, sport counsellors or coaches should use this research to recommend imagery as a coping strategy to reduce anxiety. Imagination of green space like tress and grass had help to reduce anxiety among athletes and enhance their performance in sport.
焦虑在本质上是多维的,既有认知成分,也有躯体成分。由于焦虑一直是影响运动员成绩的主要障碍,因此许多心理学研究都在探讨降低运动员焦虑水平的应对策略。意象不仅关注视觉感官,还可能包括其他感官,有助于运动员减少焦虑,提高表现。想象绿色空间对心理健康有积极的影响。本研究的目的是评估意象放松的使用(高、中、低)和他们的焦虑水平。样本包括844名运动员,他们来自参加MASUM(大学间体育)、MSSM(学校间体育)和Sukan Olimpik Muda(青年奥林匹克运动员体育)的运动员。本研究使用的工具包括竞争状态焦虑量表-2和认知应对焦虑策略。研究结果表明,使用可视化绿色空间意象技术最高者的焦虑程度最低,反之亦然。运动心理学家、运动顾问或教练应该利用这项研究来推荐将想象作为一种减少焦虑的应对策略。对树木和草地等绿色空间的想象有助于减少运动员的焦虑,提高他们在运动中的表现。
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引用次数: 14
Indoor environmental conditions in Passive Architecture Terraced House 被动式排屋室内环境条件研究
W. Zaki, A. H. Nawawi, S. Ahmad
Passive Architecture (PA) Terraced House is proposed as an alternative to conventional terraced house. In the local context, PA design strategies alleviate heat gain, encourage natural ventilation and optimise daylighting; achieved mainly by building orientation. This paper demonstrates the quantum of indoor environmental conditions in a PA Terraced House with reference to a Typical Terraced House, focusing on thermal comfort and visual comfort. Both houses are simulated using internationally accredited Indoor Environmental Solutions (IES) programme with ‘Apache’ and ‘Radiance’ software to ascertain the indoor air temperature and daylighting illuminance, respectively. When compared against the standard for thermal comfort, the rooms in the Typical Terraced House creates thermal discomfort eight times longer than the same in the PA Terraced House, annually. Similarly, PA Terraced Houses provides sufficient daylighting illuminance for a much longer time compared to the Typical Terraced House.
被动式建筑(PA)排屋被提议作为传统排屋的替代方案。在当地环境中,PA设计策略减轻了热量的增加,鼓励自然通风和优化采光;主要通过建筑朝向来实现。本文以典型的排屋为例,论证了PA排屋的室内环境条件,重点关注热舒适和视觉舒适。两幢房屋均采用国际认可的室内环境解决方案(IES)程序,分别使用“Apache”和“Radiance”软件进行模拟,以确定室内空气温度和采光照度。与热舒适标准相比,典型排屋的房间每年产生的热不适是PA排屋的8倍。同样,与典型的排屋相比,PA排屋在更长的时间内提供充足的采光。
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引用次数: 2
Determination of radon activity concentration in water using gamma spectrometry and liquid scintillation counter techniques 用伽马能谱法和液体闪烁计数技术测定水中氡活度浓度
Z. Hamzah, A. Saat, Mohammed Kassim
Naturally occurring radionuclides in water such as, 226Ra and 222Rn, emit gamma radiation through their decaying process which could reach to the human. The water samples were collected from, Kelantan, Perak and Pahang. At each sampling points, in situ measurement was done whereupon test were performed using GPS, LUDLUM rate meter, and HYDROLAB. Marinelli beakers and glass bottles were used to prepare the water samples. The samples were kept for a month to allow equilibrium between 226Ra, and 222Rn and its progenies to reach. The measurement was done using two different methods, and radon activities were ranged from (0.156–1.876 Bq/l).
水中天然存在的放射性核素,如226Ra和222Rn,在衰变过程中释放出可以到达人体的伽马射线。水样来自吉兰丹、霹雳和彭亨州。在每个采样点进行原位测量,然后使用GPS, LUDLUM速率计和HYDROLAB进行测试。用马里内利烧杯和玻璃瓶制备水样。样品保存一个月,以使226Ra和222Rn及其后代达到平衡。采用两种不同的测量方法,测得氡活度为(0.156 ~ 1.876 Bq/l)。
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引用次数: 6
Manufacture and properties of oil palm particleboard 油棕刨花板的制造及性能
N. Ahmad, Jamaludin Kasim, Siti Zalifah Mahmud, S. Yamani, A. Mokhtar, N. Yunus
Malaysia has a total of more than 4 million hectares of oil palm plantation. Besides the palm oil, the industry generates massive quantities of oil palm trunks (OPT), oil palm fronds (OPF) and empty fruit bunch (EFB) available from replanting and through routine field and mill operation. With a 25 years rotation of planting regime, 70,000 hectares is due for replanting every year and it is estimated that about 21.63 million cubic meters (14 million tones) of oil palm trunk will be available. If this raw material is not utilized properly they will be a source of environmental concern. This paper discussed the manufacture and properties of particleboard made from oil palm trunk particles. The oil palm trunk (25 yrs old) was supplied by MPOB, Bangi, Selangor. The trunk was converted into strands using a disk flaker and into particles by passing through a dust extractor. Single layered UF board and three-layered board were made and their properties determined. Boards make from unscreened particles with 700kg/m3 density, 12% resin content and without wax have the highest MOR (26.76 MPa) and MOE (2843 MPa) values. Lowest MOR & MOE values was exhibited by boards produced from PS of >1.0 mm with 500kg/m3 density, 8% resin content and 1% wax. Highest IB (1.54 MPa) was shown by boards made from >1.0 mm PS with 700 kg/m3 density, 12% resin and without wax. No boards were able to meet all the requirements of the BS Standards. Particleboard can be made from oil palm trunk particles, however further studies have to be conducted to improve their properties.
马来西亚共有400多万公顷的油棕种植园。除了棕榈油,该行业还通过重新种植和日常的田间和工厂操作产生大量的油棕树干(OPT),油棕叶子(OPF)和空果串(EFB)。在25年的轮作种植制度下,每年有7万公顷的土地需要重新种植,估计将有大约2163万立方米(1400万吨)的油棕树干可供使用。如果这种原材料没有得到适当的利用,它们将成为环境问题的来源。探讨了油棕树干颗粒刨花板的制备方法及性能。油棕树干(25年树龄)由雪兰莪邦吉MPOB提供。树干通过圆盘剥落机转化成股,通过除尘器转化成颗粒。制备了单层UF板和三层UF板,并对其性能进行了测定。由密度为700kg/m3,树脂含量为12%且不含蜡的未屏蔽颗粒制成的板材具有最高的MOR (26.76 MPa)和MOE (2843 MPa)值。在密度为500kg/m3、树脂含量为8%、蜡含量为1%的情况下,由>1.0 mm的PS制成的板材的MOR和MOE值最低。最高的IB (1.54 MPa)是由>1.0 mm PS制成的板材,密度为700 kg/m3,树脂含量为12%,不含蜡。没有董事会能够满足BS标准的所有要求。油棕树干颗粒可以制成刨花板,但需要进一步研究以改善其性能。
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引用次数: 10
期刊
2011 3rd International Symposium & Exhibition in Sustainable Energy & Environment (ISESEE)
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