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Information systems development prospects for fire and rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia 俄罗斯EMERCOM消防和救援单位信息系统发展前景
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2022.3.82-89
Aleksander G. Rozhkov, Evgeni N. Khodatenko, Inna A. Leonovich, Sergey V. Podkosov, Mikhail S. Lednev, Yuri V. Kapralniy
Purpose. The article is devoted to the analysis of information systems (IS) development prospects for fire and rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia. Currently, management centers and IS of the federal, regional, local levels in the system EMERCOM of Russia have been created and are being developed. The effectiveness of their application consists of their integral efficiency and the quality of primary data obtained by such systems. Methods. The authors reviewed articles, scientific reports and materials from open sources on the Internet. In the first part of the review, connectivity factor of IS of EMERCOM of Russia is considered. Findings. The article regards the issue of the episistemic development of IS in the most general form and may serve as a starting point for in-depth research in this area. The second part of the review considers the issue of collecting and processing primary data for IS, in particular, the overview of the current state of fire telemetry systems (TS) and their role in enriching IS data is provided. Main requirements for TS are described, the overview of the layout of promising “Fire and rescue units personnel support system” of the domestic model is presented. Research application field. The obtained data can be used at the stage of strategic planning and budgeting when setting goals for the development of IS in the system of EMERCOM of Russia. Materials can also be in demand when forming requirements for a promising TS of EMERCOM of Russia to automate data collection directly from firefighters. Conclusions. The analysis carried out by the authors shows that it is necessary to alternate the stages of IS development with the stages of “stabilization”, which will increase the stability of the control system, the efficiency and speed of decision-making, and will save money on duplicate functionality within different ISs. Personal telemetry systems should become an indispensable source of data for decision-making information systems, they have great potential for preventing injuries of EMERCOM personnel and can provide data necessary for scientific and research work, as well as for updating the current regulatory framework.
目的。本文分析了俄罗斯EMERCOM消防救援部队信息系统(is)的发展前景。目前,俄罗斯EMERCOM系统中的联邦、地区、地方各级管理中心和信息系统已经建立并正在发展中。其应用的有效性由其整体效率和这些系统获得的原始数据的质量组成。方法。作者审阅了来自互联网上开放资源的文章、科学报告和材料。在回顾的第一部分,考虑了俄罗斯EMERCOM的IS的连通性因素。发现。本文以最一般的形式来看待信息系统的认识论发展问题,可以作为这一领域深入研究的起点。审查的第二部分考虑了为IS收集和处理原始数据的问题,特别是对火灾遥测系统(TS)的现状及其在丰富IS数据中的作用进行了概述。阐述了系统的主要要求,概述了国内有发展前景的“消防救援部队人员保障系统”的布局。研究应用领域。所获得的数据可用于制定俄罗斯EMERCOM系统中IS发展目标的战略规划和预算阶段。当俄罗斯EMERCOM的一个有前途的TS形成要求时,材料也可能是有需求的,该TS可以直接从消防员那里自动收集数据。结论。作者进行的分析表明,有必要将is的发展阶段与“稳定”阶段交替进行,这将增加控制系统的稳定性,决策的效率和速度,并节省在不同ISs内重复功能的资金。个人遥测系统应成为决策信息系统不可缺少的数据来源,它们在防止应急监测系统人员受伤方面具有巨大潜力,并可为科学和研究工作以及更新目前的管理框架提供必要的数据。
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引用次数: 0
SURVEY PROCEDURE OF SHOPPING AND ENTERTAINMENT CENTERS STAFF FOR FORMALIZING THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS ON THE ORGANIZATION AND EVACUATION MANAGEMENT 对购物和娱乐中心工作人员的调查程序,使组织和疏散管理的决策过程正规化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.2.54-60
A. Efimov, D. Shikhalev, R. Grigoryan
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引用次数: 0
BASIC APPROACHES TO THE HIGHER EDUCATION FEDERAL STATE EDUCATIONAL STANDARD OF GENERATION 3 ++ IN SPECIALTY “FIRE SAFETY” 高等教育“消防安全”专业第三代联邦州教育标准的基本途径
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.4.82-86
Seferyan E.
Purpose. The article analyzes the normative documents of the Ministry of Education and Science and the Ministry of Labor, which underlie the development of the basic educational curriculum for the new Federal State Educational Standard 3 ++ majoring in 20.05.01 “Fire safety”. The types of professional activity in the specified specialty are considered, the range of tasks is outlined when introducing an independent assessment of qualifications into the institute system of specialists training. The principle has been determined, which, if not observed, will result in the unbalancing of specialist program. Methods. Theoretical level methods were used within the framework of the research, in particular, analysis, as well as methods of the empirical level – description, comparison and testing. Findings. The research resulted in the development of a scheme for a two-stage education system in the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3 ++, and the direction of specialization for a specialist program has been determined as well. Research application field. The results obtained will help to further develop the main professional educational curricula of a specialist program in two areas, in which graduates will be equally in demand. Conclusions. Taking into account the above said, the study will progress in developing a separate specialist program, aimed at the needs of the labor market in the field of fire safety (engineering, preventive and managerial personnel of the services providing fire safety in an organization).
目的。本文分析了教育部和劳动部的规范性文件,这些规范性文件是新联邦国家教育标准3 ++专业“消防安全”基础教育课程开发的基础。考虑到特定专业的专业活动类型,在将独立的资格评估引入学院专家培训系统时,概述了任务范围。原则已经确定,如果不遵守,将导致专家方案的不平衡。方法。在研究框架内采用理论层面的方法,特别是分析,以及经验层面的方法-描述,比较和检验。发现。这项研究的结果是制定了一项两阶段教育体系的方案,以实施联邦州高等教育教育标准3++,并确定了专业课程的专业化方向。研究应用领域。获得的结果将有助于进一步发展两个领域的专业课程的主要专业教育课程,这两个领域的毕业生将同样需要。结论。考虑到上述情况,这项研究将在制定一个单独的专家方案方面取得进展,旨在满足消防安全领域劳动力市场的需求(一个组织中提供消防安全服务的工程、预防和管理人员)。
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引用次数: 0
CALCULATING HEAT RELEASEIN THE POWER SUPPLY CHARGING CABLE AT ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATIONS 电动汽车充电站供电充电电缆放热计算
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.2.61-69
O. Dvoenko, V. Kuzmenko, N. Shcherbakov
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引用次数: 0
Studying effect of long-term pre-fabricated dome shelters design features on their strength, weight and technological specifications with the view of disposing means and forces of EMERCOM of Russia 结合俄罗斯EMERCOM的配置手段和力量,研究了长期预制圆顶掩体设计特点对其强度、重量和技术指标的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2022.4.39-51
A. Kolpakov, S. Popov, O. Dolgov, V. V. Zykov, I. M. Kolpakova
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引用次数: 0
Decision-making support on planning the educational process based on the situational approach and the method of learning time rationalization 基于情境法和学习时间合理化方法的教育过程规划决策支持
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2023.2.112-120
K. M. Kholostov, A. Kholostov
PURPOSE. According to the authors’ point of view, the situational approach to decision-making in training system (pedagogical system) can be applied to formalize the decision-making process for managing this organizational system, and it will allow using various methods, ways of modeling and calculating the main indicators of its functioning. The proposed approach concentrates management activities of a chief based on the existing combination of input indicators and the performance results of the specified system. At the same time, it is possible to exclude to a certain extent the subjectivity introduced by students and their groups into decision-making process. The method of sequential recalculation of learning time on the totality of learning stages makes it possible to rationalize the planning of the educational process. The hypothesis of the research is that the model of pedagogical system functioning can be formally defined by means of implementing its function, which allows students to acquire new qualities from a variety of professionally significant qualities R on the basis of their basic qualities from a variety of Z. METHODS. As a mathematical apparatus, set-theoretic methods, methods of mathematical analysis, as well as methods of mathematical statistics have been used. FINDINGS. The presented approach and method make it possible to increase the efficiency of decisions made and implemented in a managed pedagogical system, which as a whole allows rationalizing and improving its work. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The proposed method is applicable both in implementing basic educational programs and advanced professional education programs, carried out in traditional forms and with the use of distance learning techniques. CONCLUSIONS. The situational approach allows applying formal methods to the pedagogical system, and the proposed method of learning time rationalization assumes reducing the total training time with the priotirization of individual disciplines and the parameters which are not subject to change.
目的。根据作者的观点,培训系统(教学系统)的情境决策方法可以用于形式化管理该组织系统的决策过程,并允许使用各种方法、建模方式和计算其功能的主要指标。建议的方法是根据投入指标和指定系统的绩效结果的现有组合,集中主管的管理活动。同时,在一定程度上可以排除学生及其群体在决策过程中引入的主观性。在学习阶段的总体上顺序重新计算学习时间的方法使教育过程的规划合理化成为可能。本研究的假设是,通过实现教学系统的功能,可以正式定义教学系统的功能模型,使学生在从各种z中获得基本素质的基础上,从各种专业重要素质R中获得新的素质。作为一种数学工具,集合论的方法、数学分析的方法以及数理统计的方法都得到了应用。发现。所提出的办法和方法可以提高在一个受管理的教学系统中作出和执行的决定的效率,整个系统可以使其工作合理化并加以改进。研究应用领域。本文提出的方法既适用于基础教育项目的实施,也适用于高等职业教育项目的实施,既可以采用传统形式,也可以采用远程学习技术。结论。情境方法允许将正式方法应用于教学系统,并且提出的学习时间合理化方法假设通过优先考虑个别学科和不受变化影响的参数来减少总训练时间。
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引用次数: 0
Universal module for processing radar data during search and rescue operations 用于在搜索和救援行动中处理雷达数据的通用模块
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2023.2.100-111
Aleksander V. Mokshantsev, Kh.A.M.N. Malfi
PURPOSE. The goal of the authors is to develop a universal information processing module (UIPM), which provides communication environment between the module of the radar signal system and radar stations during search and rescue operations (SRO). Achieving the goal will result in the possibility of processing, synchronizing and transceiving radar data during SRO in real time. METHODS. Methods of modeling, compiling, synthesis and assembly, as well as temporal analysis method were used. It is advisable to use computer-aided design Quartus II of professional level. FINDINGS. UIPM during SRO was developed and its operation was implemented on the basis of processing, synchronizing and transceiving radar data. Module operation simulation in computer-aided design Quartus II of professional level was performed. The results of information processing confirmed: – transceiving data at a speed of 1 Mb/s between all blocks taking into account frequency allocation; – compatibility and synchronization of operations between elements using frequency to determine the range scale of finding casualties on the ground and under the rubble. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The obtained results make it possible to provide a fast communication environment for real-time processing and synchronizing radar data between the module of the radar signal system and radar stations during SRO. CONCLUSIONS. The use of the developed UIPM during SRO will allow synchronizing radar data on victims location (parameters) between the module of the radar signal system during search and rescue operations, as well as the physical nodes and blocks of the radar station. Transceiving information by control stations, the carrier and the complex of parameters of victims during search and rescue operations will also be provided.
目的。本文的目标是开发一种通用信息处理模块(UIPM),为搜救行动(SRO)中雷达信号系统模块与雷达站之间的通信提供环境。实现这一目标将使SRO过程中雷达数据的实时处理、同步和收发成为可能。方法。采用建模、编译、综合、装配等方法,以及时间分析法。建议使用专业水平的计算机辅助设计Quartus II。发现。SRO期间的UIPM是在雷达数据处理、同步和收发的基础上开发和实现的。在专业级计算机辅助设计Quartus II中进行了模块操作仿真。信息处理结果证实:-在考虑频率分配的情况下,所有块之间以1mb /s的速度收发数据;-各要素之间行动的兼容性和同步性,使用频率确定在地面和瓦砾下发现伤亡的范围和规模。研究应用领域。研究结果为SRO期间雷达信号系统模块与雷达站之间实时处理和同步雷达数据提供了快速通信环境。结论。在SRO期间使用开发的UIPM将允许在搜索和救援行动期间在雷达信号系统模块之间同步受害者位置(参数)的雷达数据,以及雷达站的物理节点和块。在搜救行动中,还将提供控制站、载体和遇难者参数的收发信息。
{"title":"Universal module for processing radar data during search and rescue operations","authors":"Aleksander V. Mokshantsev, Kh.A.M.N. Malfi","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.2.100-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.2.100-111","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. The goal of the authors is to develop a universal information processing module (UIPM), which provides communication environment between the module of the radar signal system and radar stations during search and rescue operations (SRO). Achieving the goal will result in the possibility of processing, synchronizing and transceiving radar data during SRO in real time. METHODS. Methods of modeling, compiling, synthesis and assembly, as well as temporal analysis method were used. It is advisable to use computer-aided design Quartus II of professional level. FINDINGS. UIPM during SRO was developed and its operation was implemented on the basis of processing, synchronizing and transceiving radar data. Module operation simulation in computer-aided design Quartus II of professional level was performed. The results of information processing confirmed: – transceiving data at a speed of 1 Mb/s between all blocks taking into account frequency allocation; – compatibility and synchronization of operations between elements using frequency to determine the range scale of finding casualties on the ground and under the rubble. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The obtained results make it possible to provide a fast communication environment for real-time processing and synchronizing radar data between the module of the radar signal system and radar stations during SRO. CONCLUSIONS. The use of the developed UIPM during SRO will allow synchronizing radar data on victims location (parameters) between the module of the radar signal system during search and rescue operations, as well as the physical nodes and blocks of the radar station. Transceiving information by control stations, the carrier and the complex of parameters of victims during search and rescue operations will also be provided.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116941771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EVALUATING MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION PRACTICE OF GAS SMOKE PROTECTION SERVICE OF FIRE SERVICE 评价消防燃气防烟服务的管理和组织实践
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.2.25-31
A. Denisov, I. Korshunov, Yu. D. Pankov
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引用次数: 0
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF HYBRID POLYURETHANE INORGANIC THERMAL INSULATION WHEN HEATING IN AIR AND IN AN INERT ATMOSPHERE 混合聚氨酯无机绝热材料在空气和惰性气氛中加热时的物理化学变化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.4.22-29
K. A., Naganovsky Yu., K. E., A. R.
Purpose. The article presents the results of a study of physicochemical processes occurring when a hybrid polyurethane inorganic thermal insulation is heated under dynamic conditions up to 800 °C in different atmospheric environments. The object of the study was an industrial sample of thermal insulation “FoamTech 1 550” made in South Korea. Methods. In the course of the work thermo-gravimetric analysis and IR-Fourier spectrometry were used. Samples for spectrometric analysis were prepared in the process of thermogravimetric tests by suspending the experiment. Findings. As the result of the combined studying hybrid thermal insulation material by thermogravimetry and IR-Fourier spectrometry methods, the following was established: – polyisocyanate used for obtaining the material is aliphatic in nature; – the hybrid thermal insulation sample contains about 40 % inorganics, presumably aerogel silica; – there are three main stages of hybrid thermal insulation decomposition, both in air and in an inert atmosphere; – analysis of the changes in IR spectra when heating the hybrid sample showed that at the first stage of decomposition, regardless of the atmospheric environment, the condensation reaction of silanol groups of silica aerogel takes place with the water release; – at the second stage, thickening of the inorganic framework continues, chemical polyurethane bonds with the inorganic are destroyed, and polyurethane component carbonization begins. Research application field. The results give the idea of material decomposition process in a fire. Differences in behavior in oxidizing and inert environments are shown. This is important for comparing a new group of materials with the already known types of polymer thermal insulation in terms of their fire hazard and possible application in building construction. Conclusions. The paper studies the chemical structure and physicochemical changes when heating the new group of materials, namely hybrid organic-inorganic thermal insulation materials. The article is a continuation of a team of authors’ systematic study of a thermal behavior of modern types of polymer thermal insulation.
目的。本文介绍了混合聚氨酯无机绝热材料在不同大气环境下动态加热至800°C时发生的物理化学过程的研究结果。研究的对象是韩国制造的隔热材料“泡沫科技1550”的工业样品。方法。在工作过程中采用了热重分析和红外-傅立叶光谱法。在热重测试过程中,通过暂停实验制备光谱分析样品。发现。采用热重法和红外-傅立叶光谱法对杂化保温材料进行了综合研究,得出:——制备该材料所用的多异氰酸酯本质上为脂肪族;-混合保温样品含有约40%的无机物,大概是气凝胶二氧化硅;-混合绝热材料的分解有三个主要阶段,在空气中和在惰性气氛中;-对混合样品加热时红外光谱变化的分析表明,在分解的第一阶段,无论大气环境如何,二氧化硅气凝胶的硅醇基团都随着水的释放而发生缩合反应;在第二阶段,无机骨架继续增厚,化学聚氨酯与无机物的键被破坏,聚氨酯组分碳化开始。研究应用领域。结果给出了火灾中物质分解过程的概念。在氧化和惰性环境中表现出不同的行为。这对于比较一组新材料与已知类型的聚合物绝热材料的火灾危险性和在建筑施工中的可能应用是很重要的。结论。本文研究了一类新型材料即有机-无机杂化绝热材料在加热时的化学结构和物理化学变化。本文是作者团队对现代类型聚合物绝热材料的热行为进行系统研究的延续。
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引用次数: 0
ON RADIO COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT DURING ELIMINATION OF MAN-MADE EMERGENCIES BY STATE FIRE SERVICE UNITS 论国家消防单位消除人为突发事件中的无线电通信管理
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.3.13-20
V. Basov, A. Kholostov
Purpose. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of radio communication management during elimination of man-made emergencies by State Fire Service units. The authors have analyzed the publications and scientific works dealing with the issues of radio communication organization and modeling. The parameters and values affecting the provision of the required characteristics of radio communication have been determined. Besides, their place in organizing and controlling radio communication at the combat mission site has been shown. Methods. The analysis of publications and scientific works, dealing with the issues of radio communication organization and modeling has been conducted. The peculiarities concerning radio communication management and organization during elimination of man-made emergencies by State Fire Service units have been analyzed. Based on the analysis, the factors influencing the interaction of subjects performing a combat mission using radio communication have been determined. Findings. The basic data affecting communication management during fire extinction and elimination of man-made emergencies by State Fire Service units have been determined. Research application field. The results obtained can be used to ensure safety when extinguishing fires and eliminating man-made emergencies. Conclusions. It has been shown that radio communication management can be considered as provision of necessary characteristics under existing conditions. In this case, the task of radio communication management will consist of assessing possibility of emergency occurrence and exclusion of critical control modes when the network subscribers have an urgent need to contact other participants, who, in their turn, are already negotiating with the network subscribers.
目的。论述了国家消防单位在消除人为突发事件过程中无线电通信管理的特点。作者分析了有关无线电通信组织和建模问题的出版物和科学著作。已经确定了影响提供无线电通信所需特性的参数和值。此外,还说明了它们在组织和控制作战任务现场无线电通信方面的作用。方法。对出版物和科学著作进行了分析,处理了无线电通信组织和建模问题。分析了国家消防单位在消除人为突发事件过程中无线电通信管理和组织的特点。在此基础上,确定了使用无线电通信执行作战任务的主体之间相互作用的影响因素。发现。确定了影响国家消防单位灭火和消除人为突发事件通信管理的基本数据。研究应用领域。所得结果可用于灭火和消除人为突发事件时的安全保障。结论。研究表明,无线电通信管理可以看作是在现有条件下提供必要的特性。在这种情况下,无线电通信管理的任务将包括评估紧急情况发生的可能性和排除关键控制模式,当网络用户迫切需要联系其他参与者时,他们已经与网络用户进行了谈判。
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引用次数: 0
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Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination
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