Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71096
Ashiqur Rahman Khan Chowdhury, I. B. Naser
Autophagy is a strictly controlled process in which cells break down and recycle their own components by transporting them to lysosomes. Multiple studies have shown that autophagy has a diverse range of physiological and pathological functions in cells. Autophagy in cancer has contradictory functions, serving as both a suppressor and a driver of tumor growth. Specifically, it may exhibit several roles in relation to cancer treatment, either leading to cancer resistance or enhancing susceptibility to radiation and chemotherapy. Hence, autophagy has the potential to augment the efficacy of anticancer medications and radiation treatment. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 107-118
{"title":"Cellular Self-Digestion Unveiled: Autophagy's Impact on Cancer","authors":"Ashiqur Rahman Khan Chowdhury, I. B. Naser","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71096","url":null,"abstract":"Autophagy is a strictly controlled process in which cells break down and recycle their own components by transporting them to lysosomes. Multiple studies have shown that autophagy has a diverse range of physiological and pathological functions in cells. Autophagy in cancer has contradictory functions, serving as both a suppressor and a driver of tumor growth. Specifically, it may exhibit several roles in relation to cancer treatment, either leading to cancer resistance or enhancing susceptibility to radiation and chemotherapy. Hence, autophagy has the potential to augment the efficacy of anticancer medications and radiation treatment. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 107-118","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71072
Md Emdad Hussain, M. Quader
A retrospective study was done in Bangladesh Naval Ship Patenga Hospital at Chattogram, Bangladesh, from July 2021 to December 2022, to evaluate the clinical benefit and effectiveness of 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drop in the treatment of symptomatic corneal sub-epithelial infiltrates (SEIs) related with adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis that are resistant to tapering of corticosteroid eye drops. We reviewed 15 patients (20 eyes) who had symptomatic corneal SEIs after adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis that were resistant to tapering of corticosteroids eye drops and later, who were subsequently treated with cyclosporine A (0.05%) eye drops. Data was collected and recorded including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intra ocular pressure (IOP), evaluation of severity of corneal SEIs, i.e., corneal subepithelial infiltrate scoring (CSIS) prior to beginning of treatment and at the last follow-up visit. Ten males (66.6%) and Five females (33.3%), mean age of 34.2±15.4 years were included in this study. The patients average topical CsA 0.05% use duration was 4.5 months (3-6 months). The mean BCVA (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution) before and after the treatment were 0.17±0.16 and 0.06±0.06 respectively, CSIS 1.072±0.69 and 0.33±0.23 respectively, IOP 20.06±2.82 and 14.73±2.60 mm of Hg respectively. There were statistically significant improvements in BCVA (P=0.003), reduction of CSIS (p=0.002) and reduction of IOP (p=0.001) at the last follow-up visit. 17 eyes (85%) showed clinical improvement and 3 eyes (15%) showed decreased SEI which did not fully disappear within 3-6 months. The no of eyes which had clinical improvement with CSIS score 0 were decided to discontinue of CsA treatment in the last follow-up visit. Patients reported a reduction in the severity of symptoms after the treatment. The patients reported foreign body sensation, glare or other side effects with topical CsA treatment, but overall patients noted improvement of vision and satisfaction with topical CsA treatment. Topical CsA (0.05%) is a safe and effective corticosteroid sparing alternative drug for the treatment of corneal SEIs after adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, especially in patients who did not respond to other treatment modalities and have undesired side effects from using long term topical steroid. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 35-40
{"title":"Effect of Topical Cyclosporine A (0.05%) in Treatment of Corneal Subepithelial Infiltrates after Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis","authors":"Md Emdad Hussain, M. Quader","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71072","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective study was done in Bangladesh Naval Ship Patenga Hospital at Chattogram, Bangladesh, from July 2021 to December 2022, to evaluate the clinical benefit and effectiveness of 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drop in the treatment of symptomatic corneal sub-epithelial infiltrates (SEIs) related with adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis that are resistant to tapering of corticosteroid eye drops. We reviewed 15 patients (20 eyes) who had symptomatic corneal SEIs after adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis that were resistant to tapering of corticosteroids eye drops and later, who were subsequently treated with cyclosporine A (0.05%) eye drops. Data was collected and recorded including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intra ocular pressure (IOP), evaluation of severity of corneal SEIs, i.e., corneal subepithelial infiltrate scoring (CSIS) prior to beginning of treatment and at the last follow-up visit. Ten males (66.6%) and Five females (33.3%), mean age of 34.2±15.4 years were included in this study. The patients average topical CsA 0.05% use duration was 4.5 months (3-6 months). The mean BCVA (logarithm of minimum angle of resolution) before and after the treatment were 0.17±0.16 and 0.06±0.06 respectively, CSIS 1.072±0.69 and 0.33±0.23 respectively, IOP 20.06±2.82 and 14.73±2.60 mm of Hg respectively. There were statistically significant improvements in BCVA (P=0.003), reduction of CSIS (p=0.002) and reduction of IOP (p=0.001) at the last follow-up visit. 17 eyes (85%) showed clinical improvement and 3 eyes (15%) showed decreased SEI which did not fully disappear within 3-6 months. The no of eyes which had clinical improvement with CSIS score 0 were decided to discontinue of CsA treatment in the last follow-up visit. Patients reported a reduction in the severity of symptoms after the treatment. The patients reported foreign body sensation, glare or other side effects with topical CsA treatment, but overall patients noted improvement of vision and satisfaction with topical CsA treatment. Topical CsA (0.05%) is a safe and effective corticosteroid sparing alternative drug for the treatment of corneal SEIs after adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, especially in patients who did not respond to other treatment modalities and have undesired side effects from using long term topical steroid.\u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 35-40","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"47 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139598821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71081
M. Quader, Irin Farhana
Stress fractures are often found in military recruits. Most involved bones are tibia, metatarsals, calcaneus and fibula. Pelvic stress fracture especially at pubic ramus is relatively rare; however, it is found more in females in comparison to its male counterpart. A prospective study was carried out to investigate demographic features of pelvic stress fractures among the Naval cadets in Bangladesh. A total of 18 patients with pelvic stress fractures reported at the Department of Orthopedics of Bangladesh Naval Ship (BNS) Patenga Hospital at Chattogram, Bangladesh, between January 2021 and December 2022. Naval trainee officers both male and female undergo physical and military training during their courses. Most of the cadets reported with pain in their groin. Routine investigation was done. Plain radiograph of pelvis revealed fracture lines sometimes periosteal elevation and sclerosis. The mean age of the patients was 18.94 years (ranging between 18 and 20 years). Out of 18 patients, 17 were female and 1 was male. All the cadets were treated conservatively. Post trauma pain developed in 3(16.67%) cases, while the rest 15(83.33%) recovered completely. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 66-70
{"title":"Pelvic Stress Fracture among Naval Cadets in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Quader, Irin Farhana","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71081","url":null,"abstract":"Stress fractures are often found in military recruits. Most involved bones are tibia, metatarsals, calcaneus and fibula. Pelvic stress fracture especially at pubic ramus is relatively rare; however, it is found more in females in comparison to its male counterpart. A prospective study was carried out to investigate demographic features of pelvic stress fractures among the Naval cadets in Bangladesh. A total of 18 patients with pelvic stress fractures reported at the Department of Orthopedics of Bangladesh Naval Ship (BNS) Patenga Hospital at Chattogram, Bangladesh, between January 2021 and December 2022. Naval trainee officers both male and female undergo physical and military training during their courses. Most of the cadets reported with pain in their groin. Routine investigation was done. Plain radiograph of pelvis revealed fracture lines sometimes periosteal elevation and sclerosis. The mean age of the patients was 18.94 years (ranging between 18 and 20 years). Out of 18 patients, 17 were female and 1 was male. All the cadets were treated conservatively. Post trauma pain developed in 3(16.67%) cases, while the rest 15(83.33%) recovered completely. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 66-70","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71079
Rifat Sharmin, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Shamima Akter
A cross-sectional, observational study was done in the Pulmonology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh, from September 2016 to February 2017, to explore the role of spirometry in the early detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) among smokers. A total of 70 participants were selected. After taking the detail history, spirometry and chest x-ray were done. The correlation between smoking and COPD was determined. Among the total respondents 44%, 40% and 15.7% had 10-15, 15-20 and >20 pack-year smoking history respectively. Forced expiratory volume in one second/Forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) among these three groups of smokers were found 90%/91%, 77%/89%, and 58.4%/88% respectively. Among the participants, 20% had a change in chest X-ray and 23 (32.85%) of respondents had COPD. Among those 23 participants, 13 (18.57%) suffered from mild, 6 (8.57%) suffered from moderate, 3 (4.28%) suffered from severe, and 1 (1.43%) suffered from a very severe level of airway obstruction. Our results suggest that spirometry can be a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of COPD among smokers. Though it was found as a promising option in a small-scale study, further evaluation is necessary through a population screening to confirm its effectiveness. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 53-59
{"title":"Early Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Smokers Using Spirometry","authors":"Rifat Sharmin, Md Mahbubur Rahman, Shamima Akter","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71079","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional, observational study was done in the Pulmonology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh, from September 2016 to February 2017, to explore the role of spirometry in the early detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) among smokers. A total of 70 participants were selected. After taking the detail history, spirometry and chest x-ray were done. The correlation between smoking and COPD was determined. Among the total respondents 44%, 40% and 15.7% had 10-15, 15-20 and >20 pack-year smoking history respectively. Forced expiratory volume in one second/Forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) among these three groups of smokers were found 90%/91%, 77%/89%, and 58.4%/88% respectively. Among the participants, 20% had a change in chest X-ray and 23 (32.85%) of respondents had COPD. Among those 23 participants, 13 (18.57%) suffered from mild, 6 (8.57%) suffered from moderate, 3 (4.28%) suffered from severe, and 1 (1.43%) suffered from a very severe level of airway obstruction. Our results suggest that spirometry can be a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of COPD among smokers. Though it was found as a promising option in a small-scale study, further evaluation is necessary through a population screening to confirm its effectiveness. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 53-59","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"57 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cross-sectional study was done to evaluate computed tomography (CT) scans as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing between benign and malignant gallbladder masses corroborated by histopathological findings. The study was conducted in the Department of Radiology & Imaging of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and December of 2013. The study included a total of 45 patients who were ultrasonographically diagnosed with gallbladder masses. Later, those patients underwent CT scans using a 16-slice helical CT scan machine. All CT scan findings were interpreted by the specialist radiologists, focusing on lesion involvement, contrast enhancement characteristics, and invasion into adjacent structures. Postoperative tissues were examined histopathologically, and these findings were correlated with the CT scan results. The study revealed a higher prevalence of GBC in females (73.33%) and in the age group of 40-60 years. CT scans indicated malignancy in 84.44% of cases, which was confirmed as adenocarcinoma in 88.89% of cases through histopathology. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT scans for detecting malignant gallbladder masses were 90.24%, 75.00%, and 88.89%, respectively. For benign masses, the corresponding values were 75.00%, 90.24%, and 88.89%. The positive predictive value was notably high at 97.37% for malignant masses but lower at 42.86% for benign masses. CT scans demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant gallbladder masses, corroborated by histopathological findings. The study underscores the utility of CT scans as an effective, non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection and management of gallbladder masses, although caution is advised in interpreting benign results due to a lower positive predictive value. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 22-27
{"title":"Role of Computed Tomography in Differentiating between Benign and Malignant Gallbladder Masses with Histopathological Correlation","authors":"Mukthadira, Salma Yasmin, MN Farzana, Mahzabeen Islam, Netay Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71068","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was done to evaluate computed tomography (CT) scans as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing between benign and malignant gallbladder masses corroborated by histopathological findings. The study was conducted in the Department of Radiology & Imaging of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and December of 2013. The study included a total of 45 patients who were ultrasonographically diagnosed with gallbladder masses. Later, those patients underwent CT scans using a 16-slice helical CT scan machine. All CT scan findings were interpreted by the specialist radiologists, focusing on lesion involvement, contrast enhancement characteristics, and invasion into adjacent structures. Postoperative tissues were examined histopathologically, and these findings were correlated with the CT scan results. The study revealed a higher prevalence of GBC in females (73.33%) and in the age group of 40-60 years. CT scans indicated malignancy in 84.44% of cases, which was confirmed as adenocarcinoma in 88.89% of cases through histopathology. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT scans for detecting malignant gallbladder masses were 90.24%, 75.00%, and 88.89%, respectively. For benign masses, the corresponding values were 75.00%, 90.24%, and 88.89%. The positive predictive value was notably high at 97.37% for malignant masses but lower at 42.86% for benign masses. CT scans demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant gallbladder masses, corroborated by histopathological findings. The study underscores the utility of CT scans as an effective, non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection and management of gallbladder masses, although caution is advised in interpreting benign results due to a lower positive predictive value. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 22-27","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71090
Md Shahidul Islam, Nahida Islam, A. Sharmeen
Oral bullous lichen planus (BLP) is a rare and challenging variant of lichen planus affecting the oral mucosa. A 40-year-old female patient was diagnosed with Bullous lichen planus and treated with hydroxychloroquin, triamcinolone acetonide, levamisole, prednisolone and benzydamine oral rinse. Her main complaint was a burning feeling in her mouth that was linked to generalised pruritis, and skin lesions. The patient has not had any lesions during their year-long follow-up. The incidence of oral bullous lichen planus and its treatment are still poorly understood in Bangladesh. With regard to our local context, this report seeks to advance knowledge of this condition. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 98-101
{"title":"Oral Bullous Lichen Planus – A Case Report","authors":"Md Shahidul Islam, Nahida Islam, A. Sharmeen","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71090","url":null,"abstract":"Oral bullous lichen planus (BLP) is a rare and challenging variant of lichen planus affecting the oral mucosa. A 40-year-old female patient was diagnosed with Bullous lichen planus and treated with hydroxychloroquin, triamcinolone acetonide, levamisole, prednisolone and benzydamine oral rinse. Her main complaint was a burning feeling in her mouth that was linked to generalised pruritis, and skin lesions. The patient has not had any lesions during their year-long follow-up. The incidence of oral bullous lichen planus and its treatment are still poorly understood in Bangladesh. With regard to our local context, this report seeks to advance knowledge of this condition. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 98-101","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71091
Raufun Hakim, A. S. M. Nurunnabi, Faruk Hossain, Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman, Kursiya Sanwar, Mohammad Tipu Sultan
On the 19th of January 2023, a historic event took place in the field of medical practice and country’s healthcare system. A 20-year-old girl named Sarah Islam was pronounced clinically dead on Wednesday (18 January, 2023) while being treated at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, with her terminal illness as she has been suffering from tuberous sclerosis since her childhood. Her final act was termed 'heroic' by her attending physicians as she became the first patient in the country to donate her organs while being brain-dead. The next day in the early morning (19 January, 2023) doctors conducted the country's first-ever cadaveric kidney transplantation as taken from her. The recipients were two females in their 30s who were reportedly recovering well after the surgery. Those two surgeries were performed separately at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital and the National Kidney Foundation Hospital in Dhaka. The Human Organ Transplantation Act (HOTA) officially came into force in Bangladesh on April 13, 1999, allowing organ donations from both living and brain-dead donors; after long discussion, some amendments were ratified by the Parliament in 2018. The Act places some legal requirements around the collection and preservation of human organs as well as ensuring their transplantation into a human body. Few years back, religious leaders came forward to issue a fatwa (religious approval) that recognize both living and brain death criteria and permit both living and brain-dead donors to donate organs for transplantation. Based on that fatwa and a long medical discussion the country’s parliament passed this Act. Enacting the HOTA shows an immense influence in our society on cadaveric organ donation and transplantation especially from brain-dead individuals, and we hope that this historic donation will create more awareness and pave a new path for organ donation campaign in the country in near future. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 102-106
{"title":"First Ever Organ Transplantation from A Brain-Dead Person in Bangladesh: A Successful Outcome of The Human Organ Transplantation Act","authors":"Raufun Hakim, A. S. M. Nurunnabi, Faruk Hossain, Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman, Kursiya Sanwar, Mohammad Tipu Sultan","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71091","url":null,"abstract":"On the 19th of January 2023, a historic event took place in the field of medical practice and country’s healthcare system. A 20-year-old girl named Sarah Islam was pronounced clinically dead on Wednesday (18 January, 2023) while being treated at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, with her terminal illness as she has been suffering from tuberous sclerosis since her childhood. Her final act was termed 'heroic' by her attending physicians as she became the first patient in the country to donate her organs while being brain-dead. The next day in the early morning (19 January, 2023) doctors conducted the country's first-ever cadaveric kidney transplantation as taken from her. The recipients were two females in their 30s who were reportedly recovering well after the surgery. Those two surgeries were performed separately at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital and the National Kidney Foundation Hospital in Dhaka. The Human Organ Transplantation Act (HOTA) officially came into force in Bangladesh on April 13, 1999, allowing organ donations from both living and brain-dead donors; after long discussion, some amendments were ratified by the Parliament in 2018. The Act places some legal requirements around the collection and preservation of human organs as well as ensuring their transplantation into a human body. Few years back, religious leaders came forward to issue a fatwa (religious approval) that recognize both living and brain death criteria and permit both living and brain-dead donors to donate organs for transplantation. Based on that fatwa and a long medical discussion the country’s parliament passed this Act. Enacting the HOTA shows an immense influence in our society on cadaveric organ donation and transplantation especially from brain-dead individuals, and we hope that this historic donation will create more awareness and pave a new path for organ donation campaign in the country in near future.\u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 102-106","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139601697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71080
S. M. A. Haque, T. Mehataz, F. Afros, Dilruba Afrose Mili, S. Islam, T. Siddiquee, Sabiha Tanzeem, D. Debnath, Muntasir Ahmed, Arifa Sultana
The humerus bone of the humans is frequently used in anatomical science, forensic medicine and anthropological studies. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was done on 100 (43 right and 57 left) fully ossified dry human humerus in the Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh, between July 2021 to June 2022. A non-random, purposive sampling technique was adopted. The maximum length was determined by measuring the distance between the most superior point on the head of the humerus and the most distal point of the trochlea of the humerus. The length was measured with a metallic scale, while the weight of the humerus was measured using a digital weighing machine. The mean (±SD) maximum length of the right humerus was 304.139 (±17.652) mm, while the left humerus was 300.42 (±20.779) mm. The mean (±SD) weight of the right humerus was 91.069 (±26.944) gm and the left humerus was 93.965 (±32.227) gm. A positive correlation was observed between the maximum length and the weight of the human humerus through regression analysis (r=0.653 and r=0.824 on right and life side respectively). The differences were statistically significant on both sides (P<0.001). CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 60-65
{"title":"Correlation between the Maximum Length and the Weight of the Human Humerus Bone","authors":"S. M. A. Haque, T. Mehataz, F. Afros, Dilruba Afrose Mili, S. Islam, T. Siddiquee, Sabiha Tanzeem, D. Debnath, Muntasir Ahmed, Arifa Sultana","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71080","url":null,"abstract":"The humerus bone of the humans is frequently used in anatomical science, forensic medicine and anthropological studies. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was done on 100 (43 right and 57 left) fully ossified dry human humerus in the Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh, between July 2021 to June 2022. A non-random, purposive sampling technique was adopted. The maximum length was determined by measuring the distance between the most superior point on the head of the humerus and the most distal point of the trochlea of the humerus. The length was measured with a metallic scale, while the weight of the humerus was measured using a digital weighing machine. The mean (±SD) maximum length of the right humerus was 304.139 (±17.652) mm, while the left humerus was 300.42 (±20.779) mm. The mean (±SD) weight of the right humerus was 91.069 (±26.944) gm and the left humerus was 93.965 (±32.227) gm. A positive correlation was observed between the maximum length and the weight of the human humerus through regression analysis (r=0.653 and r=0.824 on right and life side respectively). The differences were statistically significant on both sides (P<0.001). \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 60-65","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"34 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139599459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71088
Nazma Parvin Ansari, Joy Prokas Biswas, Swagota Sen, Shakib Abrar, Fabiha Rahman Spriha
Ovarian fibrothecomas comprise tumors in the spectrum of ovarian sex cord / stromal tumors where there are components of both an ovarian fibroma and an ovarian thecoma. They account for 3-4% of all ovarian tumors. Most occur in adult women, with 65% in postmenopausal women. However, it represents only 2% of pediatric ovarian tumors. They are the most common benign solid ovarian tumor. The tumors are usually hormonally inactive but can be estrogenic or sometimes androgenic. Here we are reporting a rare case of a 15-year-old girl presenting with primary amenorrhea, severe hirsutism and finally diagnosed with ovarian fibrothecoma. After surgical removal of the tumor, a dramatic response was observed as the patient developed menarche. She was relieved of her hirsutism by laser therapy later, but her deep voice remained the same. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 95-97
{"title":"A Rare Case of Virilizing Ovarian Fibrothecoma in A Teenage Girl","authors":"Nazma Parvin Ansari, Joy Prokas Biswas, Swagota Sen, Shakib Abrar, Fabiha Rahman Spriha","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71088","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian fibrothecomas comprise tumors in the spectrum of ovarian sex cord / stromal tumors where there are components of both an ovarian fibroma and an ovarian thecoma. They account for 3-4% of all ovarian tumors. Most occur in adult women, with 65% in postmenopausal women. However, it represents only 2% of pediatric ovarian tumors. They are the most common benign solid ovarian tumor. The tumors are usually hormonally inactive but can be estrogenic or sometimes androgenic. Here we are reporting a rare case of a 15-year-old girl presenting with primary amenorrhea, severe hirsutism and finally diagnosed with ovarian fibrothecoma. After surgical removal of the tumor, a dramatic response was observed as the patient developed menarche. She was relieved of her hirsutism by laser therapy later, but her deep voice remained the same. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 95-97","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"66 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-24DOI: 10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71074
Badruzzaman, Mohammed Kamruzzaman, A. R. Quddush, Shayla Amin, Sabiha Parvin, Faria Sultana
A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics in Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between February and September of 2013, to determine the role of CRP for the diagnosis of pneumonia as well as treatment response of pneumonia. A total of 180 children with pneumonia were enrolled – 90 as case (group A) and another 90 having ARI other than pneumonia as control (group B), based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Necessary information was collected by detailed history taking, clinical examination and close follow-up in the hospital, by using a pre-designed data sheet. The mean±SD age of the participants as case (group A) and control (group B) were 8.53±10.24 and 6.68±3.59 respectively (P>0.05). Male children were 66(73.3%) and 68(75.6%), while female children were 24(26.7%) and 22(24.4%) in group A and group B respectively (P>0.05). In two groups, the mean CRP before treatment were 48.80±32.4 and 3.60±1.30 respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001), which signifies that those who were suffering from pneumonia had an initial CRP response much higher than those who were suffering from other forms of respiratory diseases. Among antibiotic responders, symptoms and signs resolved in approximately 2-4 days; however, among non-responders, symptoms even persisted >7 days. Among the responders, CRP was significantly reduced after treatment (P<0.001); in contrast, among non-responders, even after treatment, no or little reduction in CRP was observed (P>0.05). Hence, we suggest that measuring CRP to see the antibiotic response in childhood pneumonia is helpful. CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 46-52
{"title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Roles of C-Reactive Protein in Childhood Pneumonia","authors":"Badruzzaman, Mohammed Kamruzzaman, A. R. Quddush, Shayla Amin, Sabiha Parvin, Faria Sultana","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i1.71074","url":null,"abstract":"A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics in Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between February and September of 2013, to determine the role of CRP for the diagnosis of pneumonia as well as treatment response of pneumonia. A total of 180 children with pneumonia were enrolled – 90 as case (group A) and another 90 having ARI other than pneumonia as control (group B), based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Necessary information was collected by detailed history taking, clinical examination and close follow-up in the hospital, by using a pre-designed data sheet. The mean±SD age of the participants as case (group A) and control (group B) were 8.53±10.24 and 6.68±3.59 respectively (P>0.05). Male children were 66(73.3%) and 68(75.6%), while female children were 24(26.7%) and 22(24.4%) in group A and group B respectively (P>0.05). In two groups, the mean CRP before treatment were 48.80±32.4 and 3.60±1.30 respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001), which signifies that those who were suffering from pneumonia had an initial CRP response much higher than those who were suffering from other forms of respiratory diseases. Among antibiotic responders, symptoms and signs resolved in approximately 2-4 days; however, among non-responders, symptoms even persisted >7 days. Among the responders, CRP was significantly reduced after treatment (P<0.001); in contrast, among non-responders, even after treatment, no or little reduction in CRP was observed (P>0.05). Hence, we suggest that measuring CRP to see the antibiotic response in childhood pneumonia is helpful. \u0000CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 46-52","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"60 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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