Community Based Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 Kidney Damage: A Possible Tangle","authors":"Mahmud Hasan","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i2.55771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i2.55771","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 02 P: 68-69","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83935009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Using Topical Cyclosporine A (0˙05%) Eye Drops for the Treatment of Mild to Severe Dry Eye Disease","authors":"Md Emdad Hussain, Md Kamrul Hasan Khan, Zulfikar Hasan, Shamima Shammi, M. Quader","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i2.59174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i2.59174","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Dry eye is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface, is highly prevalent and has a significant impact on quality of life. Long term use of Cyclosporine has demonstrated that this drug halt progression of chronic dry eye disease and is associated with a cure of signs and symptoms of Dry Eye disease. The aim of our study is to evaluate the efficacy of topical Cyclosporine A (0˙05%) for the treatment of mild, moderate and severe dry eye disease. \u0000Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of Combined Military Hospital, Jashore from January 2019 to December 2019 among selected 20 patients aged 20-26 years with a confirmed diagnosis of dry eye syndrome refractory to conventional management. All the patients were treated with Cyclosporine A twice daily and were evaluated at month 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 for changes from base line in tear film break up time, schirmer test, fluorescein staining, tear meniscus height, symptoms of ocular discomfort and visual acuity. \u0000Result: Mean age of 20 cases was 48.7 years among them 14(70%) female and 6(30%) male. Mean TBUT improved from 4.4 second to 8.7 second (p=0.001) after 6 months of treatment. SCHIRMERʼS paper test was performed before the beginning of the treatment and showed improvement of wetting from mean 3.5mm to 8.2mm (p=0.001) after 6 month. Mean lower tear meniscus height improved from 0.2 mm to 0.63 mm (p=0.002) after 6 months of treatment. Fluorescein staining was significantly lowered from mean 2.8 to 1.8 (p=0.001) with significant reduction of ocular symptoms and improvement of visual acuity after 6 months of treatment. \u0000Conclusion: Topical Cyclosporine A (0˙05%) has been demonstrated to be effective in all categories of dry eye disease. It reduces symptoms and signs of dry eye disease with the greatest improvement of signs in patients with severe dry eye disease. \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 02 P: 98-104","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74900413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2: descendent of a known enemy family with new munition","authors":"Md. Aminul Islam","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58638","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 01-03","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77041883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 48-year adult male with convulsion, collapses and generalized weakness – a rare presentation of Gitelman’s Syndrome","authors":"N. C. Ray, S. R. Sutradhar, Mahmud Hasan, S. Sarkar, A. Khatun","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58646","url":null,"abstract":"Hypokalaemia is a common clinical condition, very often the cause of which can be determined by the patient’s clinical history. Gitelman’s syndrome is an inherited renal tubular disorder that must be considered in some cases of hypokalaemia. We present this case of a 48-year-old male patient admitted in our nephrology department for recurrent hypokalaemia. The patient had generalized seizure followed by unconsciousness, generalized weakness, fatigue, palpitation, orthostatic hypotension and polyuria for one month. Patient was on treatment for systemic hypertension with amlodipine and olmesartan. On blood gas analysis, he had a metabolic alkalosis (pH 7.53; pCO2 40 mm Hg; HCO3 34.1mmol/l). Biochemical analysis revealed hyponatremia (105.8mmol/l), hypokalemia (2.07mmol/l), hypochloraemia (74.0mmol/l), hypomagnesaemia (1.10mmol/l) and hypocalcaemia (7.2 mg/dl). Serum creatinine (1.9 mg/dl) and blood urea (6.3mmol/l) were normal. Further investigations revealed hypocalciuria (0.5mmol/l; NR 2.5–7.5) and increased urinary excretion of sodium (210.0 mmol/l; NR 20–110), Potassium (35mmol/l) and chloride (220mmol/l; NR 55–125). Renal ultra-sonogram was normal. A diagnosis of Gitelman’s syndrome was established. We started treatment with sodium chloride, potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate supplementation. Serum potassium was stabilized around 3mmol/l and the patient had significant clinical improvement. The aim of our article is to remind Gitelman’s syndrome in the differential diagnosis of persistent hypokalemia and to highlight the need for further investigations in patients with recurrent hypokalaemic episodes. This rare, inherited, autosomal recessive renal tubulopathy is associated with several genetic mutations in the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride co-transporter and magnesium channels in the distal convoluted tubule. Patients with Gitelman’s syndrome present during adolescence or adulthood as an inherited autosomal recessive traits with a wide range of clinical presentations from being asymptomatic to predominant muscular symptoms such as fatigue, weakness in association with hypocalciuria, hypomagnesemia with hypermagnesuria and normal prostaglandin production. Clinical suspicion should be raised in those with recurrent hypokalaemic paralysis with metabolic alkalosis associated with hypomagnesaemia. Treatment of Gitelman’s syndrome consists of long-term potassium and magnesium salt supplementation. In general, the long-term prognosis and life expectancy is excellent.\u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 54-58","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88765309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Management of Gunshot Wound at Level-II Hospital in Central African Republic in 2019/2020","authors":"M. Quader, Sheikh Shahidul Islam, Md Abdul Hamid, Md. Mahbubur Rahman, K. Islam","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58649","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gunshot wounds (GSW) are common in Central African Republic (CAR). There are about eighteen rebel groups in Central Africa. Arms are available among the rebel groups and also the civilians. For the very simple region they open the fire against the opponent. The aim of this study is outcome of surgical management of gunshot wounds at Bangladeshi Level-II hospital in the CAR during our tenure. \u0000Methods: This was a prospective study of 14 patients with gunshot wounds who were treated at level-II hospital, Kagabandoro, CAR from Dec 2019 to Nov 2020 for a period of 12 months. Wound debridement and removal of bullets were done in 8 (57.14%) cases, keep bullets in situ position in 2(14.29%) cases and surgical toileting followed by primary closure of wound were done in 3 (21.42%) cases and one female patient transferred to level-III hospital in Bangui. \u0000Results: Out of 14 patients there were 13 male and 1 female patients. Mean age of the patients was 32.21 (18-55 years). High velocity injuries were common in 10 (71.43%). Injuries involved the limbs in 10 (71.43%), chest in 2 (14.29%), abdomen in 1 (7.14%) and external genitalia in 1(7.14%). Most of the patients 12 (85.71%) presented to the hospital within 12 hours of the injury. The average length of stay in the hospital was 14 days (Range 2- 60 days). Fractures of the long bone were in 5 (35.71%) cases. Open reduction and internal fixation was done in 3 (21.43%) cases. One female patient was transferred to level-III hospital in Bangui due to fracture neck of femur following gunshot injuries with 9 months of pregnancy. Mean follow-up was 5 months (Range 1-12 months). Post trauma pain developed in 3 (21.43%) cases, deformities of the extremities was found in 2 (14.29%) cases. \u0000Conclusion: Outcome of surgical management of the gunshot wounds were depends on the nature of tissue injury and availability of the resources with promptness of intervention. \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 04-08","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75180360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Practice of Oral Health and Hygiene and Oral Health Status among School Going Adolescents in a Rural Area of Sylhet District, Bangladesh","authors":"Sadia Akther Sony, F. Haseen, S. Islam, S. Chowdhury","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58642","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional, descriptive study was done at a rural high school in Zakiganj Upazila of Sylhet District, Bangladesh, between January and December of 2014, to determine knowledge and practice of oral health and hygiene and oral health status among school going adolescents. Students from three classes: class VIII, IX and X, and aged 12-16 years were taken for the study. Study samples were collected by using simple random sampling technique. A total of 90 students were divided into two age groups: 12-14 years and 15-16 years. A pre-designed, self-administered questionnaire was used for demographic survey and knowledge of oral health and hygiene (a 10-point questionnaire) and practice (a 7-point questionnaire). Then a plane mouth mirror and periodontal probe was used for examining oral health status in those school children. Oral hygiene status was measured by simplified Green and Vermillion Oral Hygiene Index. The mean age of the respondents was 14.37±0.50 years. Females were 68 (75.6%) and males were 22 (24.4%). 31 (34.4%) were from class VIII, 30 (33.3%) from class IX and 29 (32.2%) were from class X. 33.3% of the respondents have scored below the mean of the total knowledge score while 66.7% has scored above the mean (6.86±2.05). Pearson’s correlation coefficient (+0.342) revealed that an increase in knowledge score would lead to increase in practice score. The younger group had higher mean knowledge score than older group (7.15+1.35 vs. 6.58+2.54; P=0.017); however, no significant difference was found between males and females (6.90±1.74 vs. 6.85±2.15; P=0.432). There was no significant difference in Debris Index (DI), Calculous Index (CI) and Oral Health Index (OHI) scores in between age groups and genders. On educational status, significant difference was observed only in OHI score (P=0.001) among those three classes of students. Overall, only 31% had good oral hygiene, while 59% respondents had fair and 10% had poor oral hygiene status. \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 30-36","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81163241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for Autistic Spectrum Disorders by Using ESAT Questionnaire: A Study Done in the Urban Settings of Bangladesh","authors":"S. Sharmin, K. Halim, Zobayed Sultan, Kazi Mahbubul Haque","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58643","url":null,"abstract":"The Early Screening of Autistic Trait Questionnaire (ESAT) is a tool for detecting the early signs of ASD – as developed by Dietz and colleagues in 2006 as a primary ASD screening checklist (of 14 questions checklist). This is a tested and reliable tool to diagnose early signs of autism in children. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder by early detection method using the ESAT tool and see its correlation with age difference. This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and December of 2016, in 47 schools of Uttara, Ashulia, Nikujo Area of Dhaka City Corporation and Tongi Area of Gazipur City Corporation under Dhaka Division. A total of 1000 children aged 3-5 years were recruited in the study. The research instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire based on ESAT tool. The mean age of the participants was 4.22±0.709 years or (50.4±8.504) months. The age group 3, 4 and 5 years had 167(16.7%), 451(45.1%) and 382(38.2%) respondents respectively. Of them, a total of 517 were males (51.7%) and 483 were females (48.3%). Most of the respondents were Muslims 966(96.6%), rest are Hindus 32(3.2%) and Christians 2(0.2%). Our study revealed a prevalence of early signs of autism in 2.6% cases (26 in 1000). Among children with ASD, absence of some of those signs (like interest in different sorts of objects; expressed feeling, crying/calling when left alone, liked to be cuddled, spoke a few words or utter various words, and pretending to make a cup of tea using a toy cup and teapot) were related to age difference; the results were statistically significant (P<0.05). \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 37-42","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88377134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) with Reflex HPV DNA Test in Cervical Cancer Screening","authors":"Mehdi Ashik Chowdhury, Asim Ranjan Barua, -. Asaduzzaman, Mohammad Mahabubul Hoque, DM Arifur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58640","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the diagnostic outcome of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and liquid based cytology (LBC) and see the association of VIA and LBC with HPV status, between March 2015 and June 2017. A total of 72 women attending the Out-Patient Department (OPD) of Gynaecology (Colposcopy Clinic) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) for VIA test participated in the study. All the participants underwent both VIA and LBC procedures first. Then HPV DNA test was done in all the cases by hybrid capture (hc2 High Risk HPA DNA test) from residual LBC samples. Thereafter, biopsies were taken from all the patients for histopathological confirmation. The mean age of the participants was 40.22±12.29 years, (age range 18-72). Cervical lesions of total 36 patients were VIA positive. Among them 2(5.6%) patients were HPV positive and 34(94.4%) were HPV negative. There was no significant association found between VIA positivity and HPV positivity (p>0.05). Based on LBC, ASCUS were found in 4 patients, NILM in 52 patients and LSIL in 2 patients; all were HPV negative. ASC-H were found in 4 cases among them 1(25.0%) was HPV positive and 3(75.0%) were HPV negative. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 1, which was HPV positive. The association between two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). We found the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of (VIA), as compared against histopathology, were 75.0%, 40%, 45.8%, 20% and 88.9% respectively, while for liquid based cytology (LBC) those were found 75.0%, 90.6%, 88.9%, 50.0% and 96.6% respectively. Our data suggest that liquid based cytology (LBC) with reflex HPV testing gives better results than conventional screening through VIA test. \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 18-23","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76349816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility Enhancing Surgeries that aid in natural Conception","authors":"Nadira Haque, Shila Sen, B. Nasrin, N. Hosain, Reeva Aireen Busria, Nooray Fatema Jannatun Noori, M. Hoque, Md Shafikul Bari","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58647","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility is a rising problem worldwide, hampering the psychological and social wellbeing of thousands of couples. There is a huge financial involvement for its diagnosis and treatment as well. The main goal of reproductive pelvic surgery is to restore pelvic anatomy ensuring a patent and functional pathway for the sperm to reach the ovulated oocyte and a safe implantation into the endometrial cavity. The striking progress in assisted reproductive technology (ART) have upgraded the fertility outcome in despondent cases recently. This review article aims to highlight some surgical procedures commonly performed for better fertility outcome. It involves studying the available material in the textbooks, printed and online journals. The surgically treatable causes of infertility include Endometriosis, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Tubo-peritoneal disease, Mullerian Anomalies and Uterine Myoma. In addition, Endometrial Polyps and Asherman’s Syndrome may also be treated surgically. A thorough evaluation and work up is mandatory to individualize the treatment plan for each patient. A wide spectrum of promising surgeries is available for the treatment of infertility. The surgical approaches have to be individualized depending upon the disease aspect. This is the sound way to measure the effectiveness of reproductive surgeries to restore the natural conception. \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 59-65","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78990557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcorneal Pustular Dermatosis: A case report of a patient with diffuse scleroderma","authors":"N. Islam, Mohammad Imdadul Hoque Shakil","doi":"10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i1.58645","url":null,"abstract":"Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD) or Sneddon-Wilkinson infection is an uncommon, harmless, constant, sterile pustular ejection which is related with different foundational sicknesses including immunoglobinopathies, neoplasms, and immune system issues. This paper reports an instance of SPD in a patient with diffuse scleroderma in a 37-year-elderly person. The speculation that invulnerable dysregulation might assume a part in the pathogenesis of SPD was assumed by the concurrence of diffuse scleroderma and SPD in our patient. \u0000CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 01 P: 50-53","PeriodicalId":10576,"journal":{"name":"Community Based Medical Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91551688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}