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Unmanned rescue vehicle navigation with fused DQN algorithm 融合DQN算法的无人救援车导航
Wenguan Cao, Xiaoci Huang, Fanglin Shu
When unmanned rescue vehicle (URV) performing rescue missions in the disaster area, URV will not be feasible to continue to use the built-in map for path planning, and even cause more serious consequences. Therefore, when a rescue vehicle works with a human being in a dynamic environment such as disaster recovery, it is necessary to quickly complete the task of adapting to the scene and learning to perform its duties. In this paper, the search and rescue robot first collects environmental information according to the camera sensor installed by itself, and then constructs the intelligent vehicle behavior decision model from the vehicle driving efficiency and optimal path. Secondly, the search and rescue robot estimates through the improved DQN network structure value function. And update the network parameters to get the corresponding Q value through the training network. Finally, the experimental results show that the algorithm can quickly generate a safe and smooth path that satisfies the kinematic constraints of the vehicle.
当无人救援车(URV)在灾区执行救援任务时,URV将无法继续使用内置地图进行路径规划,甚至造成更严重的后果。因此,当救援车辆在灾难恢复等动态环境中与人一起工作时,需要快速完成适应现场和学习履行职责的任务。在本文中,搜救机器人首先根据自身安装的摄像传感器收集环境信息,然后从车辆行驶效率和最优路径出发构建智能车辆行为决策模型。其次,通过改进的DQN网络结构值函数对搜救机器人进行估计。并通过训练网络更新网络参数,得到相应的Q值。最后,实验结果表明,该算法能够快速生成满足车辆运动约束的安全平滑路径。
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引用次数: 3
Optimization design and analysis of the flapping-wing robotic aircraft 扑翼机器人飞机的优化设计与分析
Chun Zhao, Jun Zhong, Chao Wang
The flapping-wing robotic aircraft achieve the purpose of flight by imitating the flapping of bird wings in nature, which has wide application prospect. According to the bionics principle, this paper designs a small flapping-wing robotic aircraft with high flexibility, and it is driven by three motors. The wing flapping and empennage torsion are realized by gear transmission, four-link mechanism, balance and steering mechanism respectively; the minimum transmission angle of space four-link mechanism is adopted to optimize the target from the design requirements of small flapping-wing robotic aircraft. The optimization design of flapping-wing robotic aircraft is carried out to achieve the minimum transmission angle of four-link mechanism based on NSGA-II, which makes the movement of flapping-wing robotic aircraft more efficient and stable. Finally, the change rule of flapping motion is obtained based on the kinematics simulation of ADAMS, and the feasibility of the scheme is verified.
扑翼机器人飞机是通过模仿自然界鸟类翅膀的扑动来达到飞行目的的,具有广阔的应用前景。根据仿生学原理,设计了一种具有高柔性的小型扑翼机器人飞行器,该飞行器由三个电机驱动。翼扑动和尾翼扭转分别由齿轮传动、四连杆机构、平衡机构和转向机构实现;从小型扑翼机器人飞行器的设计要求出发,采用空间四连杆机构最小传动角对目标进行优化。为实现基于NSGA-II的四连杆机构传动角最小,对扑翼机器人飞机进行了优化设计,使扑翼机器人飞机的运动更加高效稳定。最后,基于ADAMS的运动学仿真得到了扑动运动的变化规律,验证了该方案的可行性。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis Method of Combustion-powered Actuators for Hopping Robots 跳跃机器人燃烧驱动机构分析方法
Yunguang Luan, Xiaoyong Wang, Haibo Yang, W. Xia
The combustion-powered actuator shows a great performance on driving hopping robots. However, the analysis for driving hopping is limit due to its complex driving process interacting with dynamic and thermodynamic. In order that its analysis method could be obtained, two methods are conducted, and the merits of them are compared. First, the equations of combustion-powered actuators are obtained according to the combustion engine model. Second, the effects of the thermodynamic factors, including combustion duration, combustion quality index and combustion efficiency, are studied. The results show that the distance between the cylinder and piston changes little as these factors changes, when the pressure inside of the chamber is up to the maximum pressure. According to the conclusion, the combustion process during the driving process can be approximately considered as a constant volume combustion. Third, based on the constant volume combustion hypothesis, the pressure is expressed as the function of the stroke and diameter in a closed formation. To verify this hypothesis, the simulations with the two models are conducted, which shows that the results are consistency with each other. According to the constant volume hypothesis, the pressure can be expressed in the closed solution, which is convenient for designing the parameters of the actuator.
燃烧驱动驱动器在驱动跳跃机器人上表现出良好的性能。然而,由于其复杂的驱动过程与动力和热力学相互作用,对其分析受到限制。为了得到其分析方法,对两种方法进行了比较,并对其优点进行了比较。首先,根据内燃机模型得到了内燃机驱动作动器的方程。其次,研究了燃烧时间、燃烧质量指标和燃烧效率等热力学因素对燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,当腔内压力达到最大压力时,气缸与活塞之间的距离随这些因素的变化变化不大;根据结论,驾驶过程中的燃烧过程可以近似认为是定容燃烧。第三,基于定容燃烧假说,压力表示为封闭地层中冲程和直径的函数。为了验证这一假设,对两种模型进行了仿真,结果表明结果是一致的。根据定容假设,压力可以用封闭解表示,便于执行机构参数的设计。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of Bit Geometry Parameters for 15-5PH Stainless Steel Drilling Based on Finite Element Simulation 基于有限元模拟的15-5PH不锈钢钻井钻头几何参数优化
Xueyong Liu, Minghong Wang
Due to the problems of sharp tool wear, large drilling force and high temperature during the actual processing of 15-5PH stainless steel, in order to improve the processing efficiency and tool life, this work uses the finite element simulation software AdvantEdge FEM studies the cemented carbide drilling process of 15-5PH stainless steel. The multi-factor orthogonal test method is adopted to analyze the results by range analysis method to study the influence of factors such as tool's point angle, clearance angle and helix angle on axial force and temperature. A brief analysis has presented a picture of change process of the axial force and temperature with time. The results show that the point angle has the greatest influence on the axial force, the clearance angle is the second, and the helix angle has the minimum impact. The helix angle has the greatest influence on the temperature, the point angle is the second, and the clearance angle has the minimum impact on the temperature. Finally, author optimizes the geometric parameters of the drill bit for 15-5PH stainless steel and gets the optimized parameter combination. The optimal combination of parameters are expressed as point angle φ = 118°, clearance angle γ = 14°, and helix angle β = 30°.
针对15-5PH不锈钢在实际加工过程中刀具磨损尖锐、钻削力大、温度高等问题,为了提高加工效率和刀具寿命,本工作采用有限元模拟软件AdvantEdge FEM对15-5PH不锈钢硬质合金钻削过程进行了研究。采用多因素正交试验方法,通过极差分析法对结果进行分析,研究刀具的点角、间隙角、螺旋角等因素对轴向力和温度的影响。简要分析了轴向力和温度随时间的变化过程。结果表明:点角对轴向力的影响最大,间隙角次之,螺旋角的影响最小;螺旋角对温度的影响最大,点角次之,间隙角对温度的影响最小。最后对15-5PH不锈钢钻头的几何参数进行了优化,得到了优化后的参数组合。最优参数组合为:点角φ = 118°,间隙角γ = 14°,螺旋角β = 30°。
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引用次数: 0
The interactive ability design of artificial intelligence based on the attention allocation mechanism of interactive perception 基于交互感知注意分配机制的人工智能交互能力设计
He Xuejiao
This article elaborates that the human brain structure determines that the people cannot really do "multitasking", but can consciously overcome the bottleneck of attention thinking, distribute the attention thinking rationally. Meanwhile, a lot of experimental cases show that people can finish 2 tasks at the same time if one is familiar with one task or by shifting the thinking quickly, thus "multitasking" is achieved. And intelligent interaction based on how the attention distribute has become one of the current development trends. According to 3 types of interactions based on the progressive decreasing of attention requirement, we provide a standardized definition to the interaction design, and extract the typical proposals. Attention is one factor when a user is thinking his/her preferred interaction. It is proved that, compared with the traditional "undivided attention", "multitasking" is more flexibility in dealing with problems. It is an essential thinking ability evolved for human to adapt to the development of science and technology and improve the social productivity.
本文阐述了人的大脑结构决定了人不能真正做到“一心多用”,但可以有意识地克服注意力思维的瓶颈,合理分配注意力思维。同时,大量的实验案例表明,如果一个人对一项任务很熟悉,或者通过快速转移思维,可以同时完成两项任务,从而实现“多任务”。而基于注意力分布的智能交互已成为当前的发展趋势之一。根据关注度需求逐渐降低的3种交互类型,对交互设计进行了标准化定义,并提取了典型建议。当用户考虑他/她喜欢的交互方式时,注意力是一个因素。事实证明,与传统的“一心一意”相比,“多任务处理”在处理问题时更具灵活性。它是人类为适应科学技术的发展,提高社会生产力而进化出来的一种必不可少的思维能力。
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引用次数: 0
Pneumatic Flow Field Analysis of Multi-blade Centrifugal Ventilation Fan 多叶片离心通风机气动流场分析
W. Deng
A certain type of multi-blade centrifugal ventilating fan is taken as the research object, from the perspective of CFD, the distribution of the three-dimensional flow field inside the ventilating fan is numerically simulated, the root cause of the internal problem of the ventilating fan is determined, and the impeller is further analyzed from the flow of the ventilating fan. The rationality of the internal flow channel. The reliability of the simulation results is proved by comparison with the experimental data. The numerical simulation of the flow field has a good reference for the optimization of the ventilation fan structure and the research of noise reduction.
以某型多叶片离心通风机为研究对象,从CFD的角度,对通风机内部三维流场分布进行数值模拟,确定了通风机内部问题的根本原因,并从通风机的流动情况进一步对叶轮进行分析。内部流道的合理性。通过与实验数据的比较,验证了仿真结果的可靠性。流场的数值模拟对通风机结构的优化和降噪研究具有很好的参考意义。
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引用次数: 0
Sub-voice Detection and Recognition based on Hybrid Audio Segmentation and Deep Learning 基于混合音频分割和深度学习的亚语音检测与识别
Xiaolei Zhao, Chenyin Wang, Xibin Xu
Sub-voice (crying, laughter, sigh, etc.) carries a large amount of effective information of speakers, and has a huge auxiliary role in emotion recognition, behavior recognition, physiological and psychology research. Correct detection and recognition of subvoice is the premise of research and application. The method is divided into two phases: sub-voice detection and sub-voice recognition. The high-efficiency hybrid audio segmentation algorithm based on likelihood ratio and model pre-judgment is used to realize sub-voice detection. After detecting sub-voice, we extract grayscale spectrograms, and input them into the PCANET network to automatically extract features. The SVM model is then used for identification. The experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the proposed detection method is as high as 94.2%, and the proposed recognition method is 7.7% higher than the traditional artificial statistical feature recognition method.
次语音(哭、笑、叹等)承载着说话人的大量有效信息,在情绪识别、行为识别、生理心理研究等方面具有巨大的辅助作用。正确检测和识别次语音是研究和应用的前提。该方法分为亚语音检测和亚语音识别两个阶段。采用基于似然比和模型预判断的高效混合音频分割算法实现亚语音检测。检测到亚语音后,提取灰度谱图,输入PCANET网络进行特征自动提取。然后使用SVM模型进行识别。实验结果表明,所提检测方法的检测准确率高达94.2%,比传统人工统计特征识别方法提高了7.7%。
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引用次数: 0
Shoulder Joint Image Segmentation Based on Joint Convolutional Neural Networks 基于关节卷积神经网络的肩关节图像分割
Yunpeng Liu, Renfang Wang, Ran Jin, Dechao Sun, Hui-xia Xu, Chen Dong
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now commonly used for the examination and diagnosis of joints. A key step is to segment the bones of interest in MRI. This paper presents an algorithm for automatic segmentation of shoulder joint images based on a joint convolutional neural network model, which can accurately segment glenoid and humeral head in the shoulder image. This method includes two collaborative deep learning networks. The first network uses Mask R-CNN segmentation model to perform preliminary instance segmentation of glenoid and humeral head. The second network uses the probability maps of voxel belonging to the different objects (glenoid, humeral head, and background) as the constraint of the spatial location; thereby more accurate segmentation can be obtained. There are 50 groups of MRI which are used to train and test, the accuracy of Dice Coefficient, Positive Predicted Value (PPV), and Sensitivity for glenoid and humeral head reached 0.91±0.02, 0.95±0.01, 0.94±0.02 and 0.88±0.01, 0.91±0.02, 0.90±0.02 respectively, exceeding the current advanced segmentation algorithms.
磁共振成像(MRI)现在被广泛用于关节的检查和诊断。一个关键步骤是在MRI中分割感兴趣的骨骼。提出了一种基于关节卷积神经网络模型的肩关节图像自动分割算法,该算法能准确分割肩关节图像中的肩关节和肱骨头。该方法包括两个协同深度学习网络。第一个网络使用Mask R-CNN分割模型对肩关节头和肱骨头进行初步实例分割。第二个网络使用属于不同物体(关节、肱骨头和背景)的体素的概率图作为空间位置的约束;从而可以获得更准确的分割。采用50组MRI进行训练和测试,对肩关节和肱骨头的Dice系数、阳性预测值(Positive predictive Value, PPV)和灵敏度的准确率分别达到0.91±0.02、0.95±0.01、0.94±0.02和0.88±0.01、0.91±0.02、0.90±0.02,超过了目前先进的分割算法。
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引用次数: 3
Soft tactile sensor and curvature sensor for caterpillar-like soft robot's adaptive motion 软触觉传感器和曲率传感器用于类毛毛虫软机器人的自适应运动
Xin Yuan, Jiakang Zou, Lining Sun, Huicong Liu, Guoqing Jin
Soft robots are designed to interact safely with their environment and move through narrow place in a way a rigid robot cannot. In order for the soft robot to be completely soft, it should consist of as more as soft component. In this paper, a PneuNet soft robot imitating bionic caterpillar are fabricated. In addition, the soft tactile sensor and curvature sensor consisted of silicon rubber and liquid metal are made and characterized. The soft robot combine with the sensors to realize the external environment perception and motion detection. The soft robot can adaptively crawl across different height channel without complex control and can measure the height of the channel.
软机器人被设计成能安全地与环境互动,并能在狭窄的地方移动,这是刚性机器人无法做到的。为了使软机器人完全柔软,它应该由尽可能多的软部件组成。本文研制了一种仿仿生毛虫的PneuNet软机器人。此外,还制作了由硅橡胶和液态金属组成的柔软触觉传感器和曲率传感器,并对其进行了表征。软机器人与传感器相结合,实现外部环境感知和运动检测。该软机器人无需复杂控制即可自适应爬过不同高度的通道,并能测量通道的高度。
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引用次数: 6
A performance analysis of a mobile parallel mechanism with multi-motion mode 多运动模式下移动并联机构的性能分析
Xinxing Jiang, Chunyan Zhang, Xiangyu Liu, Mingjuan Xie
A mobile parallel mechanism with multiple motion modes is proposed which is to adapt to unstructured terrain environment. Firstly, the degree of freedom is analyzed based on screw theory. Secondly, kinematic analysis is conducted for the varied-width straight-line mode to obtain the velocity Jacobian matrix. Stiffness analysis is conducted based on the velocity Jacobian matrix to obtain the stiffness performance under different widths of straight-line mode. Finally, the ratio of the instantaneous motion power at the output of the mechanism to the instantaneous input power at the input is used as the evaluation index of the mechanism motion/force transmission efficiency. The motion/force transmission efficiency is analyzed in the variable width mode, and the transmission efficiency in the straight line mode with different widths is obtained. By comparing the stiffness performance and the motion/force transfer efficiency of the straight mode with different widths, it can be concluded that the mechanism has the best performance in mode d, with high bearing capacity and moving capacity.
提出了一种适应非结构化地形环境的多运动模式移动并联机构。首先,基于螺旋理论对其自由度进行了分析。其次,对变宽直线模态进行运动学分析,得到速度雅可比矩阵;基于速度雅可比矩阵进行刚度分析,得到不同宽度直线模态下的刚度性能。最后,以机构输出端的瞬时运动功率与输入端的瞬时输入功率之比作为机构运动/力传递效率的评价指标。分析了变宽度模式下的运动/力传递效率,得到了不同宽度直线模式下的传递效率。通过比较不同宽度直线模态的刚度性能和运动/力传递效率,可以得出该机构在d模态下性能最好,具有较高的承载能力和移动能力。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Control and Artificial Intelligence
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