Cardava banana pseudostem fibers (BPFs) are recently explored as a composite reinforcement. This is due to its improved thermal and mechanical stability effects for concrete applications. Silica, derived from sodium silicate and a modification additive, was explored as potential matrix in the self-healing applications. Herein, BPFs were prepared to produce BPF – silica composite (BPFSC) as concrete additive. The investigation focused on the interfacial adhesion of BPFs in the silica matrix to self-heal the concrete when subjected to cracks. The synthesized BPFSC has a sheet-like and a rough surface morphology based on the SEM micrographs. BPFs (100 mesh) were used to reinforce silica, and the synthesized composite (BPFSC) was mixed in a cementitious matrix (5% w/w) to test its potential self-healing properties. Results showed that the addition of the silica (SiO2) improved the mechanical properties of concrete in both the pristine condition and healed samples. Notably, the BPFSC showed better mechanical performance than SiO2 alone. This explained the good interfacial adhesion of BPF in the BPF – silica matrix. Hence, the prepared composite embedded in concrete showed significant healing potential concerning compressive and tensile strengths after damage, surpassing control specimens. Finally, a synthesis procedure was developed to prepare cardava banana pseudostem fiber – silica composite, showing a potential upcycling route of waste pseudostems for construction materials.
{"title":"Synthesis of Cardava Banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) Pseudostem Fiber - Silica Reinforced Composite as Concrete Additive","authors":"Crijamaica l. Oceña, Chosel P. Lawagon","doi":"10.4028/p-66yc8h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-66yc8h","url":null,"abstract":"Cardava banana pseudostem fibers (BPFs) are recently explored as a composite reinforcement. This is due to its improved thermal and mechanical stability effects for concrete applications. Silica, derived from sodium silicate and a modification additive, was explored as potential matrix in the self-healing applications. Herein, BPFs were prepared to produce BPF – silica composite (BPFSC) as concrete additive. The investigation focused on the interfacial adhesion of BPFs in the silica matrix to self-heal the concrete when subjected to cracks. The synthesized BPFSC has a sheet-like and a rough surface morphology based on the SEM micrographs. BPFs (100 mesh) were used to reinforce silica, and the synthesized composite (BPFSC) was mixed in a cementitious matrix (5% w/w) to test its potential self-healing properties. Results showed that the addition of the silica (SiO2) improved the mechanical properties of concrete in both the pristine condition and healed samples. Notably, the BPFSC showed better mechanical performance than SiO2 alone. This explained the good interfacial adhesion of BPF in the BPF – silica matrix. Hence, the prepared composite embedded in concrete showed significant healing potential concerning compressive and tensile strengths after damage, surpassing control specimens. Finally, a synthesis procedure was developed to prepare cardava banana pseudostem fiber – silica composite, showing a potential upcycling route of waste pseudostems for construction materials.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"15 1","pages":"11 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78448170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Showna Lee T. Sales, Marcel Rose M. Mabida, Mervin L. Mamza, Kenneth John G. Solis
Plastic is now regarded as the third most polluting waste source on a global scale, with its volume rising rapidly as the global population increases. Recycling plastics will help prevent serious environmental threats and add value to plastic waste by incorporating them into various applications, such as construction. Previous research primarily focuses on the investigation of replacing aggregates with plastic wastes in manufacturing concrete. There is a lack of study pertaining to the partial replacement of fine aggregates with plastic waste in producing PPB. In this study, PPB is produced by partially replacing fine aggregates with HDPE and PP plastic wastes. Results show that the 15% HDPE and 15% PP plastic waste replacement of fine aggregates exhibited maximum compressive strength at 11.1 MPa and 9.9 MPa, respectively. The maximum average density recorded was 2678.026 kg/m3, which shows a 23.95% increase compared to the reference block. Additionally, the replacement improved the infiltration rate of PPB, recording a maximum increase of 10% plastic waste replacement. The PPB with 15% HDPE replacement is identified as the optimum mixture and is best utilized in low-traffic areas.
{"title":"Utilization of High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP) Plastic Waste as Fine Aggregates in Pervious Paver Block Production","authors":"Showna Lee T. Sales, Marcel Rose M. Mabida, Mervin L. Mamza, Kenneth John G. Solis","doi":"10.4028/p-tj845u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-tj845u","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic is now regarded as the third most polluting waste source on a global scale, with its volume rising rapidly as the global population increases. Recycling plastics will help prevent serious environmental threats and add value to plastic waste by incorporating them into various applications, such as construction. Previous research primarily focuses on the investigation of replacing aggregates with plastic wastes in manufacturing concrete. There is a lack of study pertaining to the partial replacement of fine aggregates with plastic waste in producing PPB. In this study, PPB is produced by partially replacing fine aggregates with HDPE and PP plastic wastes. Results show that the 15% HDPE and 15% PP plastic waste replacement of fine aggregates exhibited maximum compressive strength at 11.1 MPa and 9.9 MPa, respectively. The maximum average density recorded was 2678.026 kg/m3, which shows a 23.95% increase compared to the reference block. Additionally, the replacement improved the infiltration rate of PPB, recording a maximum increase of 10% plastic waste replacement. The PPB with 15% HDPE replacement is identified as the optimum mixture and is best utilized in low-traffic areas.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"114 1","pages":"3 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79223845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is devoted to the problem of reducing energy consumption in the production of building materials and the operation of buildings by replacing the traditional wall material with more efficient material such as lightweight concrete based on the porous filler of glass granulate (foamed glass granulate concrete) and mineral wool mats, as well as the analysis of the thermal stability of enclosing structures with non-stationary heat flow. Much attention is paid not only to the energy efficiency of systems providing microclimate but also to the efficiency of capital construction, since the development of market relations in the economy has led to a significant increase in the prices for all types of energy carriers. The right shape tuff has been applied in Armenia for the wall material, obtained by sawing mechanically from a rock mass, which in modern construction becomes ineffective, as the thermal technical requirements for building envelopes have become tougher. During the mining of the rock, huge amount of wastes have been accumulated that have valuable properties and can serve as raw materials for obtaining building materials according to energy-saving schemes because of their activity. The issue of disposal of these wastes, which are of great importance both from an economic and environmental point of view, is considered. Given that building materials, products and structures account for 50÷60% of construction costs, the choice of energy-efficient, environmentally friendly building materials will significantly reduce construction costs and lower operating costs. Clinker-free binders have been developed on the basis of cement-free concrete of cellular and conjoint structure using the inherent activity of the rock and by means of energy-saving technologies. In these article thermal technical requirements for enclosing construction in some developed countries and the classification of buildings in terms of energy saving are considered. The ways to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in Armenia are considered taking into account the duration of the heating season with the thermal resistance required ranges from 1.8 to 4.6 (m2oC) /W. In the view of the peculiarities of climatic conditions in Armenia it is not possible to limit only by indicators of thermal resistance, it is necessary to take into account the heat absorption, thermal stability and thermal inertia of materials. Based on the calculations found that in the structure of construction the lowest fluctuation in temperature takes place with mineral wool mat Aτ=0.167°C, and the largest - concrete on foam glass granulate Aτ=0.381 °C, in addition, a change in the temperature of the outside air does not immediately affect the change in temperature on the inner surface of the structures, since there is a time deviation between a concrete on foam-glass granulate which is 7.16 hours and mats on mineral wool - 8.44 hours.
{"title":"Thermal Technical Requirements for Wall Materials and Analysis of Thermal Stability of Enclosing Structures under Non-Stationary Heat Flow","authors":"S. Egnatosyan, M. Badalyan, N. Egnatosyan","doi":"10.4028/p-z696zz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-z696zz","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of reducing energy consumption in the production of building materials and the operation of buildings by replacing the traditional wall material with more efficient material such as lightweight concrete based on the porous filler of glass granulate (foamed glass granulate concrete) and mineral wool mats, as well as the analysis of the thermal stability of enclosing structures with non-stationary heat flow. Much attention is paid not only to the energy efficiency of systems providing microclimate but also to the efficiency of capital construction, since the development of market relations in the economy has led to a significant increase in the prices for all types of energy carriers. The right shape tuff has been applied in Armenia for the wall material, obtained by sawing mechanically from a rock mass, which in modern construction becomes ineffective, as the thermal technical requirements for building envelopes have become tougher. During the mining of the rock, huge amount of wastes have been accumulated that have valuable properties and can serve as raw materials for obtaining building materials according to energy-saving schemes because of their activity. The issue of disposal of these wastes, which are of great importance both from an economic and environmental point of view, is considered. Given that building materials, products and structures account for 50÷60% of construction costs, the choice of energy-efficient, environmentally friendly building materials will significantly reduce construction costs and lower operating costs. Clinker-free binders have been developed on the basis of cement-free concrete of cellular and conjoint structure using the inherent activity of the rock and by means of energy-saving technologies. In these article thermal technical requirements for enclosing construction in some developed countries and the classification of buildings in terms of energy saving are considered. The ways to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in Armenia are considered taking into account the duration of the heating season with the thermal resistance required ranges from 1.8 to 4.6 (m2oC) /W. In the view of the peculiarities of climatic conditions in Armenia it is not possible to limit only by indicators of thermal resistance, it is necessary to take into account the heat absorption, thermal stability and thermal inertia of materials. Based on the calculations found that in the structure of construction the lowest fluctuation in temperature takes place with mineral wool mat Aτ=0.167°C, and the largest - concrete on foam glass granulate Aτ=0.381 °C, in addition, a change in the temperature of the outside air does not immediately affect the change in temperature on the inner surface of the structures, since there is a time deviation between a concrete on foam-glass granulate which is 7.16 hours and mats on mineral wool - 8.44 hours.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"79 1","pages":"35 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88521130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yokasta García Frómeta, J. Cuadrado, J. M. Blanco, Victor Gonzalez, M. Madrid
The vertical growth of cities is a general phenomenon in many countries, aiming to address a more efficient use of space, due to the high cost of the urban area. In the Dominican Republic, approximately 11% of households are apartment buildings, being the second predominant group of residential buildings. According to the National Statistics Office (ONE), the construction of this type of residential buildings is growing significantly, especially in the biggest city of the country. This research has analyzed the interior thermal behavior of these types of households using DesignBuilder®, an energy and environmental simulation software, searching for passive alternatives to allow the reduction of interior temperatures, as a result of overheating because of the tropical climate conditions. The most common type of four levels buildings have been analyzed in this study, through the evaluation of different parameters, such as the optimal orientation, the effect of using sunshades in the windows, and the modification of the building envelope. The objective of the study if to identifying the best alternatives to achieve the thermal comfort of the building, without the use of active control climate techniques such as air conditioning.
{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of the Thermal Behavior of Passive Techniques for Residential Apartment Buildings in Tropical Climate: Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic","authors":"Yokasta García Frómeta, J. Cuadrado, J. M. Blanco, Victor Gonzalez, M. Madrid","doi":"10.4028/p-l85qy9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-l85qy9","url":null,"abstract":"The vertical growth of cities is a general phenomenon in many countries, aiming to address a more efficient use of space, due to the high cost of the urban area. In the Dominican Republic, approximately 11% of households are apartment buildings, being the second predominant group of residential buildings. According to the National Statistics Office (ONE), the construction of this type of residential buildings is growing significantly, especially in the biggest city of the country. This research has analyzed the interior thermal behavior of these types of households using DesignBuilder®, an energy and environmental simulation software, searching for passive alternatives to allow the reduction of interior temperatures, as a result of overheating because of the tropical climate conditions. The most common type of four levels buildings have been analyzed in this study, through the evaluation of different parameters, such as the optimal orientation, the effect of using sunshades in the windows, and the modification of the building envelope. The objective of the study if to identifying the best alternatives to achieve the thermal comfort of the building, without the use of active control climate techniques such as air conditioning.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"33 3","pages":"53 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91424068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance requirements for structural components are becoming more sophisticated and varied in recent years. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable mixture that can placed without vibrations in structural elements with congested reinforcing. The development of SCC must achieve an appropriate balance between deformability and stability. Additionally, stability is influenced by the material properties and mix proportions, necessitating the development of a technique for SCC mixture design. However, techniques for mix design and testing are continually evolving. Mix design criteria primarily concern the type and quantity of constituents in the SSC mixture. The dose adjustment of the water to cement ratio is a critical property in proportioning SCC mixes. This research aims to examine the influence of different water to cement ratios (0.32, 0.34, and 0.36) with other consistent ratios using locally available ingredients in the SCC mixture. Also, in this study several fresh properties of SCC was examined in according with the European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete (EFNARC). Moreover, this study presents the findings and discussion of an experiment conducted to test the influence of water to cement ratios on fresh, and mechanical properties of SCC at 7, 14, 28 days of curing. The findings of the tests for fresh SCC properties in range of the standard limit. The strength properties were improved in the lower water to cement ratio. The increased in the water to cement ratio shows decreased in the strength properties. In addition, the ratio of water to cement affects the properties of the hardened material, while a higher water-to-cement percentage leads to an increase in flow, which may be attributed to the use of superplasticizer. .
{"title":"The Impact of Varying Ratios of Water-to-Cement Content on the Fresh and Strength Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete","authors":"M. I. A. Al Biajawi, R. Embong","doi":"10.4028/p-46yd6e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-46yd6e","url":null,"abstract":"The performance requirements for structural components are becoming more sophisticated and varied in recent years. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable mixture that can placed without vibrations in structural elements with congested reinforcing. The development of SCC must achieve an appropriate balance between deformability and stability. Additionally, stability is influenced by the material properties and mix proportions, necessitating the development of a technique for SCC mixture design. However, techniques for mix design and testing are continually evolving. Mix design criteria primarily concern the type and quantity of constituents in the SSC mixture. The dose adjustment of the water to cement ratio is a critical property in proportioning SCC mixes. This research aims to examine the influence of different water to cement ratios (0.32, 0.34, and 0.36) with other consistent ratios using locally available ingredients in the SCC mixture. Also, in this study several fresh properties of SCC was examined in according with the European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete (EFNARC). Moreover, this study presents the findings and discussion of an experiment conducted to test the influence of water to cement ratios on fresh, and mechanical properties of SCC at 7, 14, 28 days of curing. The findings of the tests for fresh SCC properties in range of the standard limit. The strength properties were improved in the lower water to cement ratio. The increased in the water to cement ratio shows decreased in the strength properties. In addition, the ratio of water to cement affects the properties of the hardened material, while a higher water-to-cement percentage leads to an increase in flow, which may be attributed to the use of superplasticizer. .","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"201 1","pages":"69 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76412046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mokhtar, M. E. Daud, M. Kaamin, Muhamad Syamil Sabri, Fitrah Hayazi, Muhammad Hanif Hisham, Mohammad Ikhmal Siddiq, M. A. M. Azmi, N. B. Hamid, Hafsa Mohammad Noor
This research focused on identifying of beach profile and shoreline sediment properties in the eroded area in Batu Pahat. Pantai Punggur was selected to study the stated parameters due to the condition of this beach which was assigned as an eroded area. The objective of this research is to study the beach profile and shoreline sediment properties in the shoreline area. Shoreline sediment properties were identified by carrying out several testing on the soil sample, whereas, the analysis of the beach profile was done by processing the aerial image in Pix4D Mapper and Global Mapper Software. Throughout the research, a profile change occurred within a few weeks of the study period. Based on the results, the minimum and maximum average moisture content ranged between 70.1-122.6%, whereas the specific gravity data lay within 2.54 to 2.78. The plastic limit (PL) is between 36% and 46%, while the liquid limit (LL) is between 69% and 132%. As for the particle size distribution, the percentage of sand was higher at HT (High Tide) and the percentage of silt was dominant at MT (Mid Tide) in each coastal zone. The significance of the beach profile study and shoreline sediment properties was to help in predicting the erosion behavior occurring in the coastal area.
{"title":"Beach Profile and Shoreline Sediment Properties at Eroded Area in Batu Pahat","authors":"M. Mokhtar, M. E. Daud, M. Kaamin, Muhamad Syamil Sabri, Fitrah Hayazi, Muhammad Hanif Hisham, Mohammad Ikhmal Siddiq, M. A. M. Azmi, N. B. Hamid, Hafsa Mohammad Noor","doi":"10.4028/p-ny3700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ny3700","url":null,"abstract":"This research focused on identifying of beach profile and shoreline sediment properties in the eroded area in Batu Pahat. Pantai Punggur was selected to study the stated parameters due to the condition of this beach which was assigned as an eroded area. The objective of this research is to study the beach profile and shoreline sediment properties in the shoreline area. Shoreline sediment properties were identified by carrying out several testing on the soil sample, whereas, the analysis of the beach profile was done by processing the aerial image in Pix4D Mapper and Global Mapper Software. Throughout the research, a profile change occurred within a few weeks of the study period. Based on the results, the minimum and maximum average moisture content ranged between 70.1-122.6%, whereas the specific gravity data lay within 2.54 to 2.78. The plastic limit (PL) is between 36% and 46%, while the liquid limit (LL) is between 69% and 132%. As for the particle size distribution, the percentage of sand was higher at HT (High Tide) and the percentage of silt was dominant at MT (Mid Tide) in each coastal zone. The significance of the beach profile study and shoreline sediment properties was to help in predicting the erosion behavior occurring in the coastal area.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"1929 1","pages":"127 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91089620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Idris, H. M. Noh, Ezzatul Qhairirina Mohamed Zailani, Nurul Izzati Jamil, Nur Ain Rustam
Aggregates are one of the main components of concrete that contribute to its strength. Since the production of concrete demands the extensive use of natural stone materials, the rapid growth of the construction industry has resulted in a high demand for natural aggregate. Bamboo is a material with a large population and the potential to be used in construction due to its durability, flexibility, and strength performance. Moreover, aerated concrete (AC) does not contain coarse aggregate and has various advantages over conventional concrete, such as lower density and acceptable strength. Hence, bamboo strips in aerated lightweight concrete, are used as the reinforcement replacement material to reduce construction material costs and pollution while also improving the quality of the concrete. The objective in this study is to produce an aerated lightweight concrete drain with the treated semantan bamboo strips as reinforcement material. The experimental work consists of casting and testing of 6 non-autoclaved aerated concrete (NAAC) specimens with measurement 150mm x 150mm x 65mm with the design of 2 layers of bamboo-strip-mat; 3 strips and 4 strips horizontally and vertically (3x3 and 4x4) and also, without containing any bamboo-strip-mat. Then, compressive strength and rebound hammer test were conducted to identify the strength of concrete structure. This study proves the semantan bamboo strips that have been treated and coated were effective approaches to increase its strength and also to improve its bond strength with the aerated concrete as reinforcement materials. Thus, the completion of this study may attract the interest of contractors, product manufacturers and construction companies to be used as the new innovation in the construction industry.
{"title":"Aerated Lightweight Concrete Drain with Reinforced Semantan Bamboo (AeLiConD-RSB)","authors":"N. Idris, H. M. Noh, Ezzatul Qhairirina Mohamed Zailani, Nurul Izzati Jamil, Nur Ain Rustam","doi":"10.4028/p-yssyj2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-yssyj2","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregates are one of the main components of concrete that contribute to its strength. Since the production of concrete demands the extensive use of natural stone materials, the rapid growth of the construction industry has resulted in a high demand for natural aggregate. Bamboo is a material with a large population and the potential to be used in construction due to its durability, flexibility, and strength performance. Moreover, aerated concrete (AC) does not contain coarse aggregate and has various advantages over conventional concrete, such as lower density and acceptable strength. Hence, bamboo strips in aerated lightweight concrete, are used as the reinforcement replacement material to reduce construction material costs and pollution while also improving the quality of the concrete. The objective in this study is to produce an aerated lightweight concrete drain with the treated semantan bamboo strips as reinforcement material. The experimental work consists of casting and testing of 6 non-autoclaved aerated concrete (NAAC) specimens with measurement 150mm x 150mm x 65mm with the design of 2 layers of bamboo-strip-mat; 3 strips and 4 strips horizontally and vertically (3x3 and 4x4) and also, without containing any bamboo-strip-mat. Then, compressive strength and rebound hammer test were conducted to identify the strength of concrete structure. This study proves the semantan bamboo strips that have been treated and coated were effective approaches to increase its strength and also to improve its bond strength with the aerated concrete as reinforcement materials. Thus, the completion of this study may attract the interest of contractors, product manufacturers and construction companies to be used as the new innovation in the construction industry.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"47 40 1","pages":"3 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90851773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact resistance of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams, as the major structural load-bearing member, is an integral consideration in the design of concrete structures at the off-site of oil and gas pants against powerful dynamic loads. As a result, impact-resistant design is crucial for the maintenance, preservation, and safety of such structures. The RC beams' impact performance, on the other hand, remain unclear, and approaches for reinforcing RC structures at oil and gas plants to withstand impact loads are currently limited. This paper presents the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) used to simulate the behavior of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates. Five beams were modelled in FEA software. In those five beams, one beam was used as control beam without CFRP reinforcement, two beams were reinforced with single CFRP sheet, and the other two were reinforced with two CFRP sheets. Total deformation, von Misses stress, shear stress and principal strain were obtained and compared with the experimental results. The numerical simulation results agree well with the test findings reported in Neagoe's experimental study. The simulation results demonstrated that CFRP could indeed relieve high stress in impact unstable concrete, decrease beam body deformation, constrain crack development, and offer additional impact resistance. Under various impact load scenarios, CFRP can successfully restrain deformation. As a result, strengthening RC beams with CFRP is an efficient way to improve impact load resistance. Using computer software to design and simulate these elements was also much quicker and less costly. As a result, ANSYS can be used to model experimental beams. Finite element ANSYS software can also be used to validate experimental results.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Blast Resistant RC Beams for Concrete Structures at Off-Site Oil and Gas Plants","authors":"S. Al-Jasmi, N. Ariffin, M. A. Seman","doi":"10.4028/p-kq5h1b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-kq5h1b","url":null,"abstract":"The impact resistance of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams, as the major structural load-bearing member, is an integral consideration in the design of concrete structures at the off-site of oil and gas pants against powerful dynamic loads. As a result, impact-resistant design is crucial for the maintenance, preservation, and safety of such structures. The RC beams' impact performance, on the other hand, remain unclear, and approaches for reinforcing RC structures at oil and gas plants to withstand impact loads are currently limited. This paper presents the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) used to simulate the behavior of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates. Five beams were modelled in FEA software. In those five beams, one beam was used as control beam without CFRP reinforcement, two beams were reinforced with single CFRP sheet, and the other two were reinforced with two CFRP sheets. Total deformation, von Misses stress, shear stress and principal strain were obtained and compared with the experimental results. The numerical simulation results agree well with the test findings reported in Neagoe's experimental study. The simulation results demonstrated that CFRP could indeed relieve high stress in impact unstable concrete, decrease beam body deformation, constrain crack development, and offer additional impact resistance. Under various impact load scenarios, CFRP can successfully restrain deformation. As a result, strengthening RC beams with CFRP is an efficient way to improve impact load resistance. Using computer software to design and simulate these elements was also much quicker and less costly. As a result, ANSYS can be used to model experimental beams. Finite element ANSYS software can also be used to validate experimental results.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"31 1","pages":"81 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78324638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. S. Mohsin, R. A. Hammood, N. Ariffin, F. Yahaya, S. Wan Ahmad, K. Muthusamy
Fiber reinforced concrete is a commonly used material to cater for the shortcomings of concrete, such as low tensile strength, brittleness, and rapid crack propagation. This paper presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties of the hybrid (steel-kenaf) fiber added into concrete mixture. Two types of fibers, namely hooked-end steel fiber and kenaf fiber were considered. A control specimen without fibers was used to compare with fiber reinforced concrete mixture considering 1% and 2% volume fraction. Mechanical properties, i.e., workability, compressive strength and flexural strength, were investigated. In this study, the kenaf fibers were treated by 6% concentration of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) through immersion in the laboratory for 24 hours. The results showed that the addition of hybrid fiber improves the performance of compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete. Specimens with 2% hybrid fibers show the best flexural performance. Moreover, an increase in volume fractions of steel fibers leads to an increase in the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete. In addition, specimens with steel-kenaf hybrid fibers exhibit a better failure behavior than specimens without fibers.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Hybrid (Steel-Kenaf) Fiber Reinforced Concrete","authors":"S. S. Mohsin, R. A. Hammood, N. Ariffin, F. Yahaya, S. Wan Ahmad, K. Muthusamy","doi":"10.4028/p-reilnb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-reilnb","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber reinforced concrete is a commonly used material to cater for the shortcomings of concrete, such as low tensile strength, brittleness, and rapid crack propagation. This paper presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties of the hybrid (steel-kenaf) fiber added into concrete mixture. Two types of fibers, namely hooked-end steel fiber and kenaf fiber were considered. A control specimen without fibers was used to compare with fiber reinforced concrete mixture considering 1% and 2% volume fraction. Mechanical properties, i.e., workability, compressive strength and flexural strength, were investigated. In this study, the kenaf fibers were treated by 6% concentration of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) through immersion in the laboratory for 24 hours. The results showed that the addition of hybrid fiber improves the performance of compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete. Specimens with 2% hybrid fibers show the best flexural performance. Moreover, an increase in volume fractions of steel fibers leads to an increase in the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete. In addition, specimens with steel-kenaf hybrid fibers exhibit a better failure behavior than specimens without fibers.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"213 ","pages":"47 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91519476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Duraisamy, Rokiah Binti Othman, M. Sulaiman, R. Jaya, S. Taib
Landslide is a major geological hazard and poses high risk to most countries in the tropical regions. This problem is more severe in places like Malaysia where residual soil is abundant. High temperature and humidity will easily disintegrate soil particles and therefore loosen the bonding between the soil and the root system. The main goal is to elucidate the interaction mechanism of bio-inspired soil anchorage system to enhance bonding between residual soil matrix in tropical region. Hence, this research aims to establish correlation between the pattern of root and its tensile strength to reinforce tropical residual slope. Basic soil property tests and classification protocols were carried out in the laboratory. Root tensile test results from the laboratory was correlated with field pull-out test data. Slope stability in the area where the plant roots were introduced have been disturbed. The factor of safety of slope with bio-anchorage system was one third of the slope with grass. The findings provide the best solution from the bioinspired soil anchorage system for tropical slope. Hence, the plant species that works well in residual soil for the purpose of reinforcing tropical slope was identified and recommended. As a result, many serious landslides and slope failures in residual soil could be avoided in the tropical region. Therefore, slope stabilization technique such as the bio-inspired soil anchorage system once established can reduce the dependency on conventional concrete wall.
{"title":"Suitability of Eugenia oleina in Tropical Slope as Bio-Anchorage System","authors":"Y. Duraisamy, Rokiah Binti Othman, M. Sulaiman, R. Jaya, S. Taib","doi":"10.4028/p-27d8m5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-27d8m5","url":null,"abstract":"Landslide is a major geological hazard and poses high risk to most countries in the tropical regions. This problem is more severe in places like Malaysia where residual soil is abundant. High temperature and humidity will easily disintegrate soil particles and therefore loosen the bonding between the soil and the root system. The main goal is to elucidate the interaction mechanism of bio-inspired soil anchorage system to enhance bonding between residual soil matrix in tropical region. Hence, this research aims to establish correlation between the pattern of root and its tensile strength to reinforce tropical residual slope. Basic soil property tests and classification protocols were carried out in the laboratory. Root tensile test results from the laboratory was correlated with field pull-out test data. Slope stability in the area where the plant roots were introduced have been disturbed. The factor of safety of slope with bio-anchorage system was one third of the slope with grass. The findings provide the best solution from the bioinspired soil anchorage system for tropical slope. Hence, the plant species that works well in residual soil for the purpose of reinforcing tropical slope was identified and recommended. As a result, many serious landslides and slope failures in residual soil could be avoided in the tropical region. Therefore, slope stabilization technique such as the bio-inspired soil anchorage system once established can reduce the dependency on conventional concrete wall.","PeriodicalId":10603,"journal":{"name":"Construction Technologies and Architecture","volume":"8 1","pages":"139 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85769076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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