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Investigation of the Aerodynamic Characteristics of Electric Motors when Regulating Their Speed in the Comsol Package Comsol包内电动机调速时气动特性研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537420
S. Oskin, A.V. Miroshnikov, D. Tsokur
Operation of electric drives of working machines requires knowledge of the influence of the parameters of the cooling system of electric motors on their temperature regime. The widespread introduction of an adjustable electric drive has led to a change in temperature of individual parts of the electric machine. The excess of the insulation temperature with a deep change in the speed of the rotor was especially dangerous. Literature sources draw attention to the difficulties of determining the calculated turbulence coefficients of cooling air flows. In this paper, the images of the air flow distribution are obtained in the Comsol software. In this program, the interfaces of flow movements are provided with the necessary mathematical models for calculating the turbulent regime. A geometric model of a low-power electric motor is formed and the necessary mathematical models for calculating turbulence with the necessary assumptions and restrictions are selected. As a result of the simulation, it was found that the maximum air velocity, at the nominal speed of the rotor, is observed when it exits the protective casing-14 m/s. Analysis of these air flows shows that they have a turbulent character and initially decrease sharply along the ventilation channels to the middle of the machine, and then decrease more slowly. There are also deviations of the maximum air flow velocities from the bed at the end of the ventilation channel. Experimental studies of air velocities in the bed channels confirmed the simulation results with acceptable accuracy. The results obtained can be used for modeling the thermal state in the Comsol program. Also, the results obtained can be used by the operation services of regulated electric drives when working with current frequency converters.
工作机器的电力驱动操作需要了解电动机冷却系统参数对其温度状态的影响。可调电力驱动的广泛应用导致了电机各个部件温度的变化。在转子转速变化较大的情况下,绝缘温度过高是特别危险的。文献来源提请注意确定计算的冷却气流湍流系数的困难。本文在Comsol软件中获得了气流分布的图像。在该程序中,流动运动界面提供了计算湍流状态所需的数学模型。建立了一个小功率电动机的几何模型,并选择了在必要的假设和限制条件下计算湍流的数学模型。仿真结果表明,在转子公称转速下,转子出护壳时的最大风速为14 m/s。对这些气流的分析表明,它们具有紊流的特征,并且沿着通风通道向机器中部开始急剧下降,然后下降得更慢。在通风通道的末端,从床层流出的最大气流速度也存在偏差。对床道气流速度的实验研究证实了模拟结果具有可接受的精度。所得结果可用于Comsol程序的热态建模。此外,所获得的结果可用于与电流变频器一起工作时的调节电力驱动器的操作服务。
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引用次数: 3
Estimation of Sensitivity of the Optical arc Relay Protection of High-Voltage Electrical Installation-Wok of Case Structure 高压电气装置光弧继电保护灵敏度的估计——壳体结构的工作原理
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537426
V. Nagay, S. Sarry, I. Nagay
The most severe type of damage of the most common elements of electrical networks - high-voltage switchgears (switchgear) with a voltage of 6-10 kV are internal short circuits (SC), accompanied by an electric arc. In the field of high-speed protection against this type of damage most of protection is based on the principle of control of luminous flux and current. Photothyristors, transistors, diodes, resistors or fiber-optic lines are used as optical sensors. The effectiveness of solving the above problem largely depends on the choice of algorithms for the functioning of the protection, the sensitivity of the optical sensor and the optimal choice of its location inside the switchgear cells. The paper considers approaches to assessing the sensitivity of arc protection without taking into account the features of the used optical information sensors. The column of a high-voltage electric arc is represented by a cylindrical emitter, the parameters of which depend on the short-circuit current.
电网中最常见的元件-电压为6- 10kv的高压开关设备(开关柜)的最严重损坏类型是内部短路(SC),伴随着电弧。在针对这类损坏的高速保护领域中,大多数保护是基于光通量和电流控制的原理。光晶闸管、晶体管、二极管、电阻器或光纤线路被用作光学传感器。解决上述问题的有效性在很大程度上取决于保护功能的算法选择,光学传感器的灵敏度以及其在开关柜单元内位置的最佳选择。本文研究了在不考虑所用光信息传感器特性的情况下评估电弧保护灵敏度的方法。高压电弧柱由一个圆柱形发射极表示,其参数取决于短路电流。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Method of Interpolation of Movement to Video Frames 视频帧运动插值方法的研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537314
O. V. Panchenko, I. Ramazanov
The methods of processing images and frames are moving by leaps and bounds; the development of game projects is a very dynamically developing industry. Processing video frames requires serious processing power, which affects the provision of acceptable performance. This article is a study aimed at studying the impact of using the motion interpolation method concerning video frames. It is possible to increase performance with such an application, for example, the frame rate (fps) in computer games. In the study, the algorithms for calculating the optical flow are used to select objects, determine the pixel shifts: Farneback, Bros, and TVL 1; technologies for accelerating calculations: OpenCL and CUDA.
处理图像和帧的方法正在突飞猛进;游戏项目开发是一个动态发展的行业。处理视频帧需要大量的处理能力,这会影响提供可接受的性能。本文旨在研究运动插值方法对视频帧的影响。通过这样的应用程序可以提高性能,例如,计算机游戏中的帧率(fps)。在本研究中,使用计算光流的算法来选择对象,确定像素位移:Farneback、Bros和TVL 1;加速计算的技术:OpenCL和CUDA。
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引用次数: 2
Innovative Control of the High-Voltage Thyristor Arm of the Ice Melting Plant with Rectified Current on the Wires of Overhead Transmission Lines 融冰厂高压晶闸管臂在架空输电线路上的整流创新控制
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537547
S. Shovkoplyas, L. A. Zhlobitsky
The article provides general information about controlled installations for ice melting with rectified current on overhead power lines of 110 kV and above, as well as areas of application of such installations. The main elements of ice melting plants are highlighted, such as thyristor controlled rectifier bridge and ice melting switch. The relevance of a universal ice melting unit for 110, 220 kV overhead lines is noted. An innovative system of discrete (relay) control of thyristor arms with a cascade anode voltage by changing the state of one contact (switch) is considered, while its performance is shown on computer and physical models. The results of computer and physical modeling of the operation of a high-voltage thyristor arm with a cascade anode voltage by changing the state of one contact (switch) within a thyristor controlled rectifier bridge and an ice melting switch are described.
本文介绍了110千伏及以上架空电力线整流融冰控制装置的一般情况,以及这种装置的应用领域。重点介绍了融冰装置的主要元件,如晶闸管控制整流桥和融冰开关。指出了通用融冰装置与110、220千伏架空线路的相关性。通过改变一个触点(开关)的状态,提出了一种具有级联阳极电压的晶闸管臂离散(继电器)控制的创新系统,并在计算机模型和物理模型上展示了其性能。本文描述了通过改变晶闸管控制整流桥和融冰开关中的一个触点(开关)的状态,对具有级联阳极电压的高压晶闸管臂的工作进行计算机和物理建模的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Polynomial Matrix and Multiloop Control Methods Synthesis Comparation for a DC Drive 直流驱动器的多项式矩阵与多环控制方法综合比较
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537455
A. Voevoda, V. Filiushov, K. Bobobekov
the principle of subordinate regulation is a common control method for control objects with several series connected loops. The feature is sequential calculations of regulators, forming closed loops by their output variable. The outer loop output signal is a reference signal to the inner loop. A different approach to the synthesis of such systems is proposed, which consists of a matrix representation of the control object and controller. The advantages of this approach are shown by the example of a DC motor with independent excitation, which has three measurable output variables. The DC motor is represented in polynomial matrix form as a non-square object with one input and three outputs. The matrix regulator that brings the poles of a closed-loop system to a given form has been calculated. The desired characteristic polynomials of proposing method and classic subordinate control method are chosen the same. The same poles for closed-loop systems for two different techniques illustrate the advantages of the polynomial matrix approach. The opportunity of null placement makes able to increase the order of perturbation rejection of the DC drive. The calculation results are obtained in an analytical form, and the graphs of transient processes for a specific example are also given.
从属调节原理是具有多个串联回路的控制对象的常用控制方法。其特点是稳压器的顺序计算,通过其输出变量形成闭环。外环输出信号是内环的参考信号。提出了一种不同的方法来综合这样的系统,它包括一个矩阵表示的控制对象和控制器。以具有三个可测量输出变量的独立励磁直流电动机为例,说明了该方法的优点。直流电动机以多项式矩阵形式表示为具有一个输入和三个输出的非正方形对象。计算了使闭环系统极点达到给定形式的矩阵调节器。所提方法的期望特征多项式与经典从属控制方法选择相同。两种不同方法的闭环系统的相同极点说明了多项式矩阵方法的优点。零位置的机会使得直流驱动器的摄动抑制阶数得以提高。以解析形式给出了计算结果,并给出了具体算例的瞬态过程图。
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引用次数: 0
Intel OpenVINO Toolkit for Computer Vision: Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation Intel OpenVINO计算机视觉工具包:对象检测和语义分割
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537452
V. V. Zunin
The paper provides an overview of the neural networks implementation current state, their methods of execution, and the Intel® OpenVINO ™ Toolkit for executing neural networks on various hardware platforms from Intel. This work describes the selection of computer vision neural networks and datasets for object detection and semantic segmentation of images for subsequent testing. It gives the description of the experiment on various hardware platforms. Moreover, it provides an analysis of the performance and cost of running selected neural networks using the OpenVINO ™ Toolkit in normal mode, as well as using plug-ins for multiple devices and heterogeneous plug-ins on multiple connected devices.
本文概述了神经网络实现的现状,它们的执行方法,以及用于在英特尔各种硬件平台上执行神经网络的英特尔®OpenVINO™工具包。这项工作描述了计算机视觉神经网络和数据集的选择,用于后续测试的目标检测和图像的语义分割。给出了在各种硬件平台上的实验描述。此外,本文还分析了在正常模式下使用OpenVINO™Toolkit运行所选神经网络的性能和成本,以及在多个设备上使用插件和在多个连接设备上使用异构插件。
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引用次数: 7
Data Classification for Neural Network Training 神经网络训练的数据分类
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537488
M. Mikheev, Y. Gusynina, T. Shornikova
This study proposes models that solve the pattern recognition problem on the example of x-ray images of bone fractures. These models are based on neural network programming. The training efficiency for these models exceeds the teacher network performance by almost 5 times with insignificant network training quality reduction. Using the proposed technique, the neural network was trained in several ways, including the conventional method. Additionally, the network's binary classification was changed. The deviations of the obtained network values from the predicted responses are minimal, which has formed the base for the introduced concept of the model's indecisiveness and uncertainty. Furthermore, various experiments with the network were made to test these models, which lead to the idea of using data classification for neural network training.
本文以骨折x线图像为例,提出了解决模式识别问题的模型。这些模型是基于神经网络规划的。这些模型的培训效率几乎超过教师网络性能的5倍,而网络培训质量的降低并不显著。利用该方法对神经网络进行了包括传统方法在内的多种训练。此外,还改变了网络的二元分类。得到的网络值与预测响应的偏差很小,这为引入模型的不确定性和不确定性概念奠定了基础。此外,对网络进行了各种实验来测试这些模型,从而产生了使用数据分类进行神经网络训练的想法。
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引用次数: 0
Reduced Differentiators Design to Estimate Derivatives of Given Actions in the UAV Control System 无人机控制系统中估计给定动作导数的简化微分器设计
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537502
Y. Kokunko, S. Krasnova
The paper considers systems for tracking an unmanned aerial vehicle under external disturbances. A combined control law is developed, which ensures invariance with respect to external disturbances in a closed system by means of linear control with saturation. Dynamic differentiators with piecewise linear correcting influences are designed to estimate unknown derivatives of given signals. The problem is considered in a deterministic setting. These differentiators are replicas of canonical virtual models with unknown inputs (their outputs are given actions) and provide estimates of the derivatives of deterministic signals with a given accuracy in a given time. The peculiarity of the proposed approach is that the dynamic order of the differentiators is lowered in comparison with the observed system. The simulation results for control system of unmanned aerial vehicle are presented.
本文研究了在外界干扰下的无人机跟踪系统。提出了一种组合控制律,通过饱和线性控制,保证了封闭系统对外界扰动的不变性。采用分段线性校正影响的动态微分器来估计给定信号的未知导数。这个问题是在确定性的情况下考虑的。这些微分器是具有未知输入(它们的输出是给定的动作)的规范虚拟模型的复制品,并在给定的时间内以给定的精度提供确定性信号的导数的估计。该方法的特点是与观测系统相比,微分器的动态阶数降低。给出了无人机控制系统的仿真结果。
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引用次数: 0
Data Flow Analysis Using Matrix Calculations 使用矩阵计算的数据流分析
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537438
O. V. Panchenko
In recent decades, many household items have become computerized, collecting data and sending it for further processing. Consequently, the number of data flow structure requirements to analyze data in real-time is steadily increasing. Besides, sensors, remote sensing, social networks, and other fields of activity generate data in the form of arrays. However, the projects use existing statistical data streams for matrix calculations. From a theoretical point of view, matrices and matrix transformations are widely used to solve many problems in computer science, such as machine learning, electrical circuit analysis, and image and graph processing. Thus, it will be possible to build different algorithms for many spheres, based on the basic matrix operations. Thus, the main goals of this work are to provide matrix calculations for data flow analysis. To do this, you need to add matrix data structures for built-in support for matrices as stream elements and matrix operations. Besides, these matrix classes must be used for operators that do not alter or storing state.
近几十年来,许多家居用品都已电脑化,收集数据并将其发送给进一步处理。因此,实时分析数据所需的数据流结构数量也在不断增加。此外,传感器、遥感、社交网络等活动领域以阵列的形式产生数据。然而,这些项目使用现有的统计数据流进行矩阵计算。从理论的角度来看,矩阵和矩阵变换被广泛用于解决计算机科学中的许多问题,如机器学习、电路分析、图像和图形处理。因此,基于基本的矩阵运算,将有可能为许多球体构建不同的算法。因此,这项工作的主要目标是为数据流分析提供矩阵计算。为此,您需要添加矩阵数据结构,以内置支持作为流元素和矩阵操作的矩阵。此外,这些矩阵类必须用于不改变或存储状态的操作符。
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引用次数: 1
Random Convex Polygon Construction Algorithm 随机凸多边形构造算法
Pub Date : 2021-09-05 DOI: 10.1109/RusAutoCon52004.2021.9537569
E. Saltanaeva, A. Maister
In this paper, we propose an algorithm for constructing arbitrary convex polygons with a random arrangement of vertices. Earlier, we have already described an algorithm for constructing arbitrary polygons with a random arrangement of vertices. The construction method is based on the sequential addition of new vertices and is a modification of the algorithm described Earlier. For a randomly selected edge of the polygon, a random point Pnew is taken – a candidate for a new additional vertex. If after adding Pnew the polygon remains convex, then instead of a randomly selected existing edge Ek = [Pk , Pk+1] between the vertices Pk and Pk+1 two new edges are added $E_{new}^1 = left[ {{P_k},{P_{{text{new }}}}} right]quad {text{and}}quad E_{new}^2 = left[ {{P_{{text{new }}}},{P_{k + 1}}} right]$. The procedure is repeated until the specified number of vertices is obtained. If it is not possible to find a new additional vertex for all edges of the polygon the algorithm stops. When choosing an admissible point Pnew, the convex zone CZk is constructed for the edge Ek - this is a polygon all points of which can become a new additional vertex without breaking the convexity of the polygon. A random point from CZk is selected as Pnew.
本文提出了一种构造任意顶点随机排列的凸多边形的算法。前面,我们已经描述了一种用随机排列的顶点构造任意多边形的算法。该构造方法基于新顶点的顺序添加,是对前面描述的算法的改进。对于随机选择的多边形边缘,取一个随机点Pnew——一个新的附加顶点的候选点。如果在添加Pnew后多边形仍然是凸的,那么在顶点Pk和Pk+1之间添加两个新边,而不是随机选择现有边Ek = [Pk, Pk+1] $E_{new}^1 = left[{{P_k},{P_{text{new}}}}} right]quad {text{和}}quad E_{new}^2 = left[{{P_{text{new}}}},{P_{k +1}}} right]$。重复此过程,直到获得指定数量的顶点。如果不可能为多边形的所有边找到新的附加顶点,则算法停止。当选择容许点Pnew时,为边缘Ek构造凸区CZk -这是一个多边形,它的所有点都可以成为一个新的附加顶点,而不会破坏多边形的凹凸性。从捷克随机选取一个点作为Pnew。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 International Russian Automation Conference (RusAutoCon)
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