Pub Date : 2019-03-06DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130078
T. Bodo
This study was designed to mirror the deep issues behind the crisis in the Niger Delta region, using the oil exploration of Ogoniland as the case study and proffering possible solutions on how best to combat the identified problems. To achieve this aim, focus group discussions, unstructured interviews and oral testimonies were employed for the collection of data; and data analysis were carried out using simple coding for recognition, transcription from the local dialect to English Language, rewriting and interpretations. The results revealed that the people’s expectation from the Government and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) has not been met; illegal refineries and other criminal vices are now fully in operation in Ogoniland. The people blamed the Shell Petroleum Development Company, the Federal Government, some of their corrupt chiefs, Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) and some of the community youths for the problems in the communities. However, the Ogoni people believed that the full implementation of the United Nations Environmental Programmes (UNEP) report on Ogoniland and the Ogoni Bill of Rights will ameliorate all their sufferings. It was recommended that SPDC should avoid reaching agreements with the traditional rulers and politicians from Ogoni on projects bordering on development of the land that excludes the people. It was also recommended that SPDC should carry out town hall meetings, focus group discussions or even distribute questionnaires in the local communities in Ogoni communities to ascertain the best solutions from the local people (who are the majority) rather than taking only the decisions from Ogoni leaders, which may not be the consensus opinion of the people.
{"title":"Deep Issues behind the Crisis in the Niger Delta Region: The Case of Oil Exploration in Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"T. Bodo","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130078","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to mirror the deep issues behind the crisis in the Niger Delta region, using the oil exploration of Ogoniland as the case study and proffering possible solutions on how best to combat the identified problems. To achieve this aim, focus group discussions, unstructured interviews and oral testimonies were employed for the collection of data; and data analysis were carried out using simple coding for recognition, transcription from the local dialect to English Language, rewriting and interpretations. The results revealed that the people’s expectation from the Government and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) has not been met; illegal refineries and other criminal vices are now fully in operation in Ogoniland. The people blamed the Shell Petroleum Development Company, the Federal Government, some of their corrupt chiefs, Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP) and some of the community youths for the problems in the communities. However, the Ogoni people believed that the full implementation of the United Nations Environmental Programmes (UNEP) report on Ogoniland and the Ogoni Bill of Rights will ameliorate all their sufferings. It was recommended that SPDC should avoid reaching agreements with the traditional rulers and politicians from Ogoni on projects bordering on development of the land that excludes the people. It was also recommended that SPDC should carry out town hall meetings, focus group discussions or even distribute questionnaires in the local communities in Ogoni communities to ascertain the best solutions from the local people (who are the majority) rather than taking only the decisions from Ogoni leaders, which may not be the consensus opinion of the people.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127651740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130077
K. Ngbolua, André Nzamonga Gamo, A. K. Gbatea, Trésor Mbombo Limbaya, Adèle Chimanuka Mwinja, G. Ngiala, C. Ashande, Ruphin D. Djolu
Aims: The aim of this research was to assess the knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of victims and stakeholders on environmental disasters occurring in Businga territory. Study Design: This research employed a descriptive study design whereby the characteristics of respondents were described. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Bodangabo, Businga and Karawa sectors of Businga territory in Nord-Ubangi, Democratic Republic of the Congo between January 2016 and December 2017. Methodology: A survey was conducted on 150 respondents among the victims and stakeholders in the prevention and management of environmental disasters in three sectors of Businga territory to whom the semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Results: The findings show that 54% of environmental disasters originate from bushfire and 46% from floods. The bushfire is more evident in the area of Bodangabo and Karawa, while the flood is noticed in the area of Businga precisely in the city, because the ¾ is largely crossed by streams (Likpolo, Lokame, Legbala, Mongala). Thus, 80% of disaster victims are not satisfied with the support. However, 96% of respondents denied the provincial government's contribution, 92% confirmed the total absence of the environmental disaster prevention policy, and 88% confirmed the inefficiency of disaster prevention mode in Businga territory. With regard to the period of onset of disasters, it is clear from this survey that the floods are sporadic and occurring every two or three years compared to the bushfire which is manifested every year. 68% of the difficulties are due to lack of awareness due to insufficient financial resources and 32% to the shortage of qualified personnel for the prevention and management of these disasters. Conclusion: The lack of a policy of prevention and management of environmental disasters both at the provincial and local levels is at the base of this high frequency. Therefore, it is relevant that a provincial body responsible for alerting and advocating to the stakeholders involved in the prevention and management of environmental disasters, to settle in all Businga sectors. Furthermore, it is necessary to install the early warning system as tool of disaster prevention.
{"title":"Knowledge on the Environmental Disaster Occurrence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: The Case of Flooding and Bushfire in Businga Territory, Nord Ubangi","authors":"K. Ngbolua, André Nzamonga Gamo, A. K. Gbatea, Trésor Mbombo Limbaya, Adèle Chimanuka Mwinja, G. Ngiala, C. Ashande, Ruphin D. Djolu","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130077","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this research was to assess the knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of victims and stakeholders on environmental disasters occurring in Businga territory. \u0000Study Design: This research employed a descriptive study design whereby the characteristics of respondents were described. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Bodangabo, Businga and Karawa sectors of Businga territory in Nord-Ubangi, Democratic Republic of the Congo between January 2016 and December 2017. \u0000Methodology: A survey was conducted on 150 respondents among the victims and stakeholders in the prevention and management of environmental disasters in three sectors of Businga territory to whom the semi-structured questionnaire was administered. \u0000Results: The findings show that 54% of environmental disasters originate from bushfire and 46% from floods. The bushfire is more evident in the area of Bodangabo and Karawa, while the flood is noticed in the area of Businga precisely in the city, because the ¾ is largely crossed by streams (Likpolo, Lokame, Legbala, Mongala). Thus, 80% of disaster victims are not satisfied with the support. However, 96% of respondents denied the provincial government's contribution, 92% confirmed the total absence of the environmental disaster prevention policy, and 88% confirmed the inefficiency of disaster prevention mode in Businga territory. With regard to the period of onset of disasters, it is clear from this survey that the floods are sporadic and occurring every two or three years compared to the bushfire which is manifested every year. 68% of the difficulties are due to lack of awareness due to insufficient financial resources and 32% to the shortage of qualified personnel for the prevention and management of these disasters. \u0000Conclusion: The lack of a policy of prevention and management of environmental disasters both at the provincial and local levels is at the base of this high frequency. Therefore, it is relevant that a provincial body responsible for alerting and advocating to the stakeholders involved in the prevention and management of environmental disasters, to settle in all Businga sectors. Furthermore, it is necessary to install the early warning system as tool of disaster prevention.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133502086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-25DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130076
Ojo Adeoye Akintola
The Northern basement complex of Nigeria contains a large number of manganese deposits. So far, ten deposits of manganese have been reported by previous workers. These deposits occur within Precambrian metasediments (schist belt), mafic and ultramafic rocks which are Proterozoic in age and folded into synclinorial belts within the crystalline basement complex. Considering their widespread distribution in space, time and tectonic setting, some are considered to be of ensilalic mode of evolution while others are ensimatic. However, the mineralizations are mostly of poor grade, and thus require beneficiation processing. The local steel industries within the country have continued to depend on manganese ore. No satisfactory substitute for manganese in steel production has been identified as at present. The applications of manganese deposits by geologists, chemical and environmental engineers, ceramicists, soil scientists and microbiologists shows a bright future for manganese ore in Nigeria. The ever increasing demand for steel products has continued to put pressure on Federal Government of Nigeria to complete the construction work at the nation’s steel producing plant which, will result in the need for a manganese concentrates for economic growth and development.
{"title":"Distribution and Economic Potential of Manganese Deposits in Nigeria: A Review","authors":"Ojo Adeoye Akintola","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130076","url":null,"abstract":"The Northern basement complex of Nigeria contains a large number of manganese deposits. So far, ten deposits of manganese have been reported by previous workers. These deposits occur within Precambrian metasediments (schist belt), mafic and ultramafic rocks which are Proterozoic in age and folded into synclinorial belts within the crystalline basement complex. Considering their widespread distribution in space, time and tectonic setting, some are considered to be of ensilalic mode of evolution while others are ensimatic. However, the mineralizations are mostly of poor grade, and thus require beneficiation processing. The local steel industries within the country have continued to depend on manganese ore. No satisfactory substitute for manganese in steel production has been identified as at present. The applications of manganese deposits by geologists, chemical and environmental engineers, ceramicists, soil scientists and microbiologists shows a bright future for manganese ore in Nigeria. The ever increasing demand for steel products has continued to put pressure on Federal Government of Nigeria to complete the construction work at the nation’s steel producing plant which, will result in the need for a manganese concentrates for economic growth and development.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115816517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-22DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130075
R. T. Wilson
Mungo Park journeyed through West Africa during 1795-1797 and 1805-1806. The first journey was ostensibly purely geographical whereas the second journey was geographical plus the examination of British trade possibilities with the interior. His main brief was to discover the source and outlet of the River Niger. On both journeys he departed from the current Gambia, through Senegal and Mali the first time, and on to Niger and Nigeria the second. He was the first European to see the Niger, at Segou (Mali), and noted its eastward flow (prior speculation considered it flowed westwards). Botany was not in his brief but on both journeys he noted the vegetation and its use. He brought new facts to Britain’s intellectual establishment including describing the preparation of indigo dye and its use in spinning and weaving. His ‘discovery’ of the shea butter tree – given the specific epithet Butyrospermum parkii – is his outstanding contribution to botany. He also contributed to science the locust bean Parkia biglobosa and another indigenous multipurpose tree Pterocarpus erinaceus. Many of Park’s plants are important in regional agroforestry systems and continue to provide food and non wood forest products to the benefit of people and livestock.
{"title":"The Botany of Mungo Park’s Travels in Africa, 1795-1806","authors":"R. T. Wilson","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i130075","url":null,"abstract":"Mungo Park journeyed through West Africa during 1795-1797 and 1805-1806. The first journey was ostensibly purely geographical whereas the second journey was geographical plus the examination of British trade possibilities with the interior. His main brief was to discover the source and outlet of the River Niger. On both journeys he departed from the current Gambia, through Senegal and Mali the first time, and on to Niger and Nigeria the second. He was the first European to see the Niger, at Segou (Mali), and noted its eastward flow (prior speculation considered it flowed westwards). Botany was not in his brief but on both journeys he noted the vegetation and its use. He brought new facts to Britain’s intellectual establishment including describing the preparation of indigo dye and its use in spinning and weaving. His ‘discovery’ of the shea butter tree – given the specific epithet Butyrospermum parkii – is his outstanding contribution to botany. He also contributed to science the locust bean Parkia biglobosa and another indigenous multipurpose tree Pterocarpus erinaceus. Many of Park’s plants are important in regional agroforestry systems and continue to provide food and non wood forest products to the benefit of people and livestock.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133771636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-18DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i129631
I. Sufiyan, J. I. Magaji, A. Oga, I. Zaharaddeen
One of the issue of environmental disasters occurring in a wet tropical environment is flood influenced by the climatic factor of rainfall with high intensity. Flood is the most frequent catastrophe in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. The flood occurs during the monsoon season inundating riverbank and displacing the inhabitant rendering them homeless. The application of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is employed to identify the Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs). The flood vulnerability simulation in the Terengganu sub-basins river catchment was done using the most affected sub-basins. In this study, the impacts of five out of the 25 sub-basins have been affected by high flooding risk. The sub-basin with the highest impact of Hydrologic Response Unit is the sub-basin Three and the lowest is found in sub-basin Five.
{"title":"Analysis of Hydrologic Response Units and Impact of Flooding in Kuala Terengganu Sub-basins River Catchment in Malaysia","authors":"I. Sufiyan, J. I. Magaji, A. Oga, I. Zaharaddeen","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i129631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2019/v2i129631","url":null,"abstract":"One of the issue of environmental disasters occurring in a wet tropical environment is flood influenced by the climatic factor of rainfall with high intensity. Flood is the most frequent catastrophe in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. The flood occurs during the monsoon season inundating riverbank and displacing the inhabitant rendering them homeless. The application of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is employed to identify the Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs). The flood vulnerability simulation in the Terengganu sub-basins river catchment was done using the most affected sub-basins. In this study, the impacts of five out of the 25 sub-basins have been affected by high flooding risk. The sub-basin with the highest impact of Hydrologic Response Unit is the sub-basin Three and the lowest is found in sub-basin Five.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122477943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-03DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229605
M. A. Emakoji, K. Otah
With the Nigeria economy and her citizens over reliance on crude oil and its refined products, the use of petrol, diesel and kerosene in fuelling of generators and automobiles or for domestic cooking becomes very essential. Hence, constant visit to filling stations is necessary at one time or the other. This has in turn enthused the siting of so many filling stations and one is forced to wonder if they all complied with the standards required for their establishment. The question of where to buy fuel and which filling station is sited short of the regulatory standards can be appropriately answered using Geographic Information System (GIS). This study focuses on analysing the location of filling stations within Afikpo, in Ebonyi State Nigeria against the laws/regulations guiding their establishment. The coordinates of the filling stations were acquired with a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and plotted on a georeferenced map in ArcMap environment of ArcGIS 10.2 software. All the analyses were performed in the ArcMap environment using spatial analyst, spatial statistics and proximity tools available in the software. The findings revealed that the filling stations are spatially distributed in a dispersed pattern. The results of the analysis reveals that 44.4% of the filling stations did not meet the criteria of 15 meters minimum distance from the pump to the edge of the road. 22.2% of the filling stations were sited too close (lesser than 100 meters) to a health care centre. 66.7 % % did not meet the criteria of 400 meter minimum distance to other stations when located on the same road side (with no road separation). This database created on filling stations provides a platform to help policy makers (regulatory agencies) in planning, management and effective monitoring/supervision. It is there recommended that the regulatory bodies should be proactive in the discharge of their duties.
{"title":"Managing Filling Stations Spatial Database Using an Innovative GIS Tool – Case Study Afipko City in Nigeria","authors":"M. A. Emakoji, K. Otah","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229605","url":null,"abstract":"With the Nigeria economy and her citizens over reliance on crude oil and its refined products, the use of petrol, diesel and kerosene in fuelling of generators and automobiles or for domestic cooking becomes very essential. Hence, constant visit to filling stations is necessary at one time or the other. This has in turn enthused the siting of so many filling stations and one is forced to wonder if they all complied with the standards required for their establishment. The question of where to buy fuel and which filling station is sited short of the regulatory standards can be appropriately answered using Geographic Information System (GIS). This study focuses on analysing the location of filling stations within Afikpo, in Ebonyi State Nigeria against the laws/regulations guiding their establishment. The coordinates of the filling stations were acquired with a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and plotted on a georeferenced map in ArcMap environment of ArcGIS 10.2 software. All the analyses were performed in the ArcMap environment using spatial analyst, spatial statistics and proximity tools available in the software. The findings revealed that the filling stations are spatially distributed in a dispersed pattern. The results of the analysis reveals that 44.4% of the filling stations did not meet the criteria of 15 meters minimum distance from the pump to the edge of the road. 22.2% of the filling stations were sited too close (lesser than 100 meters) to a health care centre. 66.7 % % did not meet the criteria of 400 meter minimum distance to other stations when located on the same road side (with no road separation). This database created on filling stations provides a platform to help policy makers (regulatory agencies) in planning, management and effective monitoring/supervision. It is there recommended that the regulatory bodies should be proactive in the discharge of their duties.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125322928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229603
G. Areendran, K. Puri, K. Raj, Sraboni Mazumdar, R. Joshi
There is inadequate knowledge of the natural resources in the remote inaccessible protected areas of North East Region (NER) of India. Arunachal Pradesh, which is one of the state in NER is extremely rich in biodiversity and forms a part of the biodiversity hotspots in the Eastern Himalayas. However its biodiversity is under threat due to various factors like infrastructure development, changing socio-economic pattern and other external pressures. Therefore the need of the hour is to map the current biodiversity of the area as well as potential threats in order to conserve the natural resources and create detailed spatial databases. The objective of the present study is to map the land use land cover (LULC) of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) situated in Arunachal Pradesh using Remote Sensing and GIS technology. IRS LISS III satellite image has been used to extract LULC, vegetation maps using hybrid classification. Further a spatial database of the WLS was created which includes contour, drainage, spot height and elevation distribution maps.
{"title":"A Geospatial Study to Assess the Land Use Land Cover of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary in Arunachal Pradesh, India","authors":"G. Areendran, K. Puri, K. Raj, Sraboni Mazumdar, R. Joshi","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229603","url":null,"abstract":"There is inadequate knowledge of the natural resources in the remote inaccessible protected areas of North East Region (NER) of India. Arunachal Pradesh, which is one of the state in NER is extremely rich in biodiversity and forms a part of the biodiversity hotspots in the Eastern Himalayas. However its biodiversity is under threat due to various factors like infrastructure development, changing socio-economic pattern and other external pressures. Therefore the need of the hour is to map the current biodiversity of the area as well as potential threats in order to conserve the natural resources and create detailed spatial databases. The objective of the present study is to map the land use land cover (LULC) of Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary (WLS) situated in Arunachal Pradesh using Remote Sensing and GIS technology. IRS LISS III satellite image has been used to extract LULC, vegetation maps using hybrid classification. Further a spatial database of the WLS was created which includes contour, drainage, spot height and elevation distribution maps.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125493352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-18DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229602
F. T. Tayel, A. Radwan, Amal M. H. Morsy, A. M. A. El-Halim, Ahmed E. Al-Prol, M. El-Alfy, Afifi I. Basiony
Lake Burullus, as one of the northern deltaic lakes in Egypt, is an important economic, recreational and Fish breeding reservoir. The study used nine georeferenced stations to assess hydrogen sulphide (H2S) levels, its relationship with some selected hydrochemical parameters, and the implication on this lake’s biota. The study reveals that areas mostly affected by drainage water with high load of organic matter, aid to the production of H2S into sediments and dispersion to water. The results indicate that H2S levels in lake sediments increase with increasing water temperature, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and load of organic matter (OM) in water. On the other hand, clear water areas with high oxygen levels aid in reducing levels of H2S in sediments as proved from correlation analysis. The positive correlation between variables as OM and BOD with H2S was observed using the distribution maps. The amount of different wastes, particularly in large quantities, increase the level of H2S, and therefore affected biota so it is highly recommended to treat wastewater to conserve the biodiversity of this lake.
{"title":"Relation of Some Hydrochemicals with Hydrogen Sulphide Levels in Sediments of Lake Burullus, Egypt","authors":"F. T. Tayel, A. Radwan, Amal M. H. Morsy, A. M. A. El-Halim, Ahmed E. Al-Prol, M. El-Alfy, Afifi I. Basiony","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229602","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Burullus, as one of the northern deltaic lakes in Egypt, is an important economic, recreational and Fish breeding reservoir. The study used nine georeferenced stations to assess hydrogen sulphide (H2S) levels, its relationship with some selected hydrochemical parameters, and the implication on this lake’s biota. \u0000The study reveals that areas mostly affected by drainage water with high load of organic matter, aid to the production of H2S into sediments and dispersion to water. The results indicate that H2S levels in lake sediments increase with increasing water temperature, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and load of organic matter (OM) in water. On the other hand, clear water areas with high oxygen levels aid in reducing levels of H2S in sediments as proved from correlation analysis. The positive correlation between variables as OM and BOD with H2S was observed using the distribution maps. The amount of different wastes, particularly in large quantities, increase the level of H2S, and therefore affected biota so it is highly recommended to treat wastewater to conserve the biodiversity of this lake.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132645618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-03DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229600
Richard Adeleke
Good classrooms, adequate security, school location, incessant strikes have been found to significantly influence school attendance and are baseline factors in determining student success. However, little is known about the influence of climate variability on school attendance in Nigeria. Thus, the focus of this study was to examine the effects of climate variability on school attendance in urban areas of Ibadan, Nigeria. Both primary and secondary data were used. A total of 450 students were sampled randomly from five public senior secondary schools in urban areas of Ibadan. The study revealed that the awareness of climate variability was high and not significantly different among students (x2= 20.465; p>0.05). Rainfall explained 38.9% and had a significant negative correlation with school attendance (r= -0.609; p<0.05), and this was largely due to the perceived threats that come along with high rainfall in the form of violent wind. The reality of climate variability has made students to devise means of coping with its adverse effects such as; sleeping naked and frequent drinking of water. The study concluded that there should be adequate enlightenment on effective environmental interaction to mitigate the adverse effects of climate variability.
{"title":"Climate Variability and Its Effects on School Attendance in Selected Public Senior Secondary Schools in Urban Areas of Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"Richard Adeleke","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229600","url":null,"abstract":"Good classrooms, adequate security, school location, incessant strikes have been found to significantly influence school attendance and are baseline factors in determining student success. However, little is known about the influence of climate variability on school attendance in Nigeria. Thus, the focus of this study was to examine the effects of climate variability on school attendance in urban areas of Ibadan, Nigeria. Both primary and secondary data were used. A total of 450 students were sampled randomly from five public senior secondary schools in urban areas of Ibadan. The study revealed that the awareness of climate variability was high and not significantly different among students (x2= 20.465; p>0.05). Rainfall explained 38.9% and had a significant negative correlation with school attendance (r= -0.609; p<0.05), and this was largely due to the perceived threats that come along with high rainfall in the form of violent wind. The reality of climate variability has made students to devise means of coping with its adverse effects such as; sleeping naked and frequent drinking of water. The study concluded that there should be adequate enlightenment on effective environmental interaction to mitigate the adverse effects of climate variability.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115760388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-15DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i229598
Peter P. Umeh, V. Ojeh, Lucky Arisabor, C. Ikporukpo
This research work focuses on spatio-temporal pattern of motorcycle accidents in Anambra state, Nigeria. The study used mostly secondary data, accident records which were obtained from Federal Road Safety Commission Awka, Anambra state (RS 5.30). The data on motorcycle accidents were obtained for a period of ten (10) years (2007-2016). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was employed in the examination of the statistical significance of the variation among the local government areas of the state. The result indicates that there is a significant variation in the number of motorcycle accidents among the local government areas of the state (F29, 189 = 2.609; p<0.05). Again analysis of variance was employed in the examination of the statistical significance of the variation of motorcycle accidents over time (2007-2016) in Anambra state. The result indicates that there is a significant difference in the number of motorcycle accidents from 2007-2016 (F9, 200= 13.210; p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis was employed in the examination of some of the characteristics of the local government areas of the state. It was observed that, there is a joint prediction of motorcycle accidents by a combination of some of the characteristics of the LGA of the state (p<0.05), the result implies that other characteristics of the Local Government areas of the state played little influence on the number of motorcycle accidents that occurred in 2011. The need for re-orientation of the land use pattern in the study area, better road network characteristics, Government should set up more police patrols for the highways in order to enforce road traffic regulation including speed limits and the need to establish Federal Road Safety Corps archive where accident records will be kept, collated and processed are desirable.
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