Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745185
G. Babu, D. B. Das, C. Patvardhan
Dynamic economic dispatch (DED) is more realistic dispatch model than economic dispatch as a power system meets demand over several intervals (typically 1 hour each). DED involves ramp rates, which dynamically change the generation capacity limits of a unit. These dynamically changing inequality constraints make DED problem extremely difficult to solve. In this paper, dynamic economic dispatch problem has been attempted with enhanced RQEA (HSSDED). The proposed method has been found to be highly consistent in reaching global optima and in generating solutions better other techniques reported in literature. The proposed techniques are quite general and possess capability to handle other equally complex power system problems and others.
{"title":"Dynamic Economic Dispatch Solution using an Enhanced Real-Quantum Evolutionary Algorithm","authors":"G. Babu, D. B. Das, C. Patvardhan","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745185","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic economic dispatch (DED) is more realistic dispatch model than economic dispatch as a power system meets demand over several intervals (typically 1 hour each). DED involves ramp rates, which dynamically change the generation capacity limits of a unit. These dynamically changing inequality constraints make DED problem extremely difficult to solve. In this paper, dynamic economic dispatch problem has been attempted with enhanced RQEA (HSSDED). The proposed method has been found to be highly consistent in reaching global optima and in generating solutions better other techniques reported in literature. The proposed techniques are quite general and possess capability to handle other equally complex power system problems and others.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116922004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745195
G. Vaidya, N. Gopalakrishnan, Y. Nerkar
In the new deregulated and restructured electric utility industry, generation, transmission and distribution have become different entities. It is therefore necessary to separate costs of active and reactive powers for sustained development of industry. In this paper, a cost based reactive power pricing structure for a generator under deregulated conditions is presented. Various factors affecting valuation or costing of reactive power support from generators are analyzed. A mathematical model for reactive power pricing structure based on various cost components is developed for typical turbo generators. Effect of different price bids for active power is analyzed on reactive power pricing. Comparison of old and new generators as well as different capability generators is done with respect reactive power pricing. Simulation is carried out on 5 bus system considering these typical generators as part of the system.
{"title":"Cost based Reactive Power Pricing Structure in Restructured Environment","authors":"G. Vaidya, N. Gopalakrishnan, Y. Nerkar","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745195","url":null,"abstract":"In the new deregulated and restructured electric utility industry, generation, transmission and distribution have become different entities. It is therefore necessary to separate costs of active and reactive powers for sustained development of industry. In this paper, a cost based reactive power pricing structure for a generator under deregulated conditions is presented. Various factors affecting valuation or costing of reactive power support from generators are analyzed. A mathematical model for reactive power pricing structure based on various cost components is developed for typical turbo generators. Effect of different price bids for active power is analyzed on reactive power pricing. Comparison of old and new generators as well as different capability generators is done with respect reactive power pricing. Simulation is carried out on 5 bus system considering these typical generators as part of the system.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116947578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745225
T. Geetha, V. Jayashankar
The voltage impact of wind farms on weak grids is studied using a generic test system. The size of the wind farm is taken as 20% of the grid short circuit MVA to characterize weak grids. The voltage at the point of interconnection (POI) of the wind farm to the grid is analyzed for different values of grid X/R ratios. It is shown that reduction of real power injection at POI brings the voltage at POI within permissible values for the entire range of X/R ratios. A pumped storage unit or a variable frequency transformer as an asynchronous inter connector is suggested to realize this. Complete modeling and simulation of the proposed network topologies are given. The results are discussed with reference to the Indian power system.
{"title":"Variable Frequency Transformers for Increased Wind Penetration","authors":"T. Geetha, V. Jayashankar","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745225","url":null,"abstract":"The voltage impact of wind farms on weak grids is studied using a generic test system. The size of the wind farm is taken as 20% of the grid short circuit MVA to characterize weak grids. The voltage at the point of interconnection (POI) of the wind farm to the grid is analyzed for different values of grid X/R ratios. It is shown that reduction of real power injection at POI brings the voltage at POI within permissible values for the entire range of X/R ratios. A pumped storage unit or a variable frequency transformer as an asynchronous inter connector is suggested to realize this. Complete modeling and simulation of the proposed network topologies are given. The results are discussed with reference to the Indian power system.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116298625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745205
J. Joglekar, Y. Nerkar
In large power utilities the provision of emergency reserve which is used for restoring the total system following the loss of on-line generation is an important indication of system security. This reserve also has to be produced wholly within the system itself. Thus provision of adequate reserve is essential to system security but it is costly. This paper deals with the modeling and identification of small isolated power systems as an emergency reserve for the Maharashtra State power system.
{"title":"Design and Development of Power Grid Restoration Scheme for Maharashtra State with Generating Plant Islanding","authors":"J. Joglekar, Y. Nerkar","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745205","url":null,"abstract":"In large power utilities the provision of emergency reserve which is used for restoring the total system following the loss of on-line generation is an important indication of system security. This reserve also has to be produced wholly within the system itself. Thus provision of adequate reserve is essential to system security but it is costly. This paper deals with the modeling and identification of small isolated power systems as an emergency reserve for the Maharashtra State power system.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124123625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745249
V. S. Bura, S. Singh, R. Medhora, A. Legha
This paper discusses various methodologies incorporated for the enhancement of breaking capacity of MCB. The experimental investigation is carried out to examine the effect of using different kind of plating on de-ion plates. The influence of different parameters like plating and deion plate materials has been determined. The overall blow phenomenon gets leveraged with the nickel plating and the use of permeable steel baffle plates (fixed to the surrounding walls). The performance improvement has been evaluated on the basis of parameters like operating time and let through energy which are indicative of a current limiting circuit breaker response to a fault.
{"title":"Effect of Different De-ion Plate Surface Finishes on Arc Mobility","authors":"V. S. Bura, S. Singh, R. Medhora, A. Legha","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745249","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses various methodologies incorporated for the enhancement of breaking capacity of MCB. The experimental investigation is carried out to examine the effect of using different kind of plating on de-ion plates. The influence of different parameters like plating and deion plate materials has been determined. The overall blow phenomenon gets leveraged with the nickel plating and the use of permeable steel baffle plates (fixed to the surrounding walls). The performance improvement has been evaluated on the basis of parameters like operating time and let through energy which are indicative of a current limiting circuit breaker response to a fault.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129749094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745161
R. N. Paul, L. Arya, H. Verma
The most vital parameter of locomotive operation is based on enhancing the kW/kg ratio of traction motor. The change over to three-phase squirrel-cage AC traction motor in electric locomotives, on inverter supply, made the traction drive most economical with high kW/kg ratio, thereby also reducing the un-sprung mass on the axle. In AC traction motor, alternative aluminium alloy rotor bars have been proposed to achieve better performance, light weight, cost reduction, and to meet the scarcity of copper to come in future. Design of rotor plays a vital role in development of torque on motor shaft. The important parameter in design of AC traction motor under inverter supply is the consideration of harmonics generated by it. In this paper, back propagation artificial neural network technique has been adopted to optimize the output design parameters of the AC traction motor rotor with aluminium alloy bars, keeping the stator design un changed. The comparison of AC traction motor with copper bars vis-vis aluminium alloy rotor bars in respect of torque developed and efficiency have been dealt in this study which present a good alternative approach in AC traction motor design.
{"title":"Studies in Design of High Torque Three-Phase Squirrel-Cage AC Traction Motor with Aluminium Alloy Rotor Bars and Parameter Optimization using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"R. N. Paul, L. Arya, H. Verma","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745161","url":null,"abstract":"The most vital parameter of locomotive operation is based on enhancing the kW/kg ratio of traction motor. The change over to three-phase squirrel-cage AC traction motor in electric locomotives, on inverter supply, made the traction drive most economical with high kW/kg ratio, thereby also reducing the un-sprung mass on the axle. In AC traction motor, alternative aluminium alloy rotor bars have been proposed to achieve better performance, light weight, cost reduction, and to meet the scarcity of copper to come in future. Design of rotor plays a vital role in development of torque on motor shaft. The important parameter in design of AC traction motor under inverter supply is the consideration of harmonics generated by it. In this paper, back propagation artificial neural network technique has been adopted to optimize the output design parameters of the AC traction motor rotor with aluminium alloy bars, keeping the stator design un changed. The comparison of AC traction motor with copper bars vis-vis aluminium alloy rotor bars in respect of torque developed and efficiency have been dealt in this study which present a good alternative approach in AC traction motor design.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127055369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745181
B. Chakrabarti, D. Goodwin
The New Zealand electricity market has a small number of generators with apparently dominant market shares. The ability of market participants to exercise market power in the wholesale market is questioned at any time wholesale electricity spot prices are perceived to rise beyond the perceived cost of production for electricity. In addition to the potential exercise of market power through strategic bidding, opportunities for exploitation of market power may arise from the dispatch and pricing methodologies used in the New Zealand market. Congestion based pricing in an LMP dispatched market can also provide opportunities for exercising market power particularly when combined with the effects of generation portfolios and locational dispersion. The purpose of this paper is to i) Briefly review international experience of market power issues; ii) Examine opportunities for exercising market power in the New Zealand wholesale market environment; iii) Describe some methods available for measuring market power and review their characteristics; iv) Form an opinion as to whether these tools for measuring Market power are appropriate to the New Zealand Wholesale Electricity Market. Where not appropriate, to outline the characteristics of suitable measures.
{"title":"Monitoring and Measuring Market Power in the New Zealand Electricity Market","authors":"B. Chakrabarti, D. Goodwin","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745181","url":null,"abstract":"The New Zealand electricity market has a small number of generators with apparently dominant market shares. The ability of market participants to exercise market power in the wholesale market is questioned at any time wholesale electricity spot prices are perceived to rise beyond the perceived cost of production for electricity. In addition to the potential exercise of market power through strategic bidding, opportunities for exploitation of market power may arise from the dispatch and pricing methodologies used in the New Zealand market. Congestion based pricing in an LMP dispatched market can also provide opportunities for exercising market power particularly when combined with the effects of generation portfolios and locational dispersion. The purpose of this paper is to i) Briefly review international experience of market power issues; ii) Examine opportunities for exercising market power in the New Zealand wholesale market environment; iii) Describe some methods available for measuring market power and review their characteristics; iv) Form an opinion as to whether these tools for measuring Market power are appropriate to the New Zealand Wholesale Electricity Market. Where not appropriate, to outline the characteristics of suitable measures.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129163532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745270
S. Jamali, A. Kazemi, H. Shateri
This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of unified power flow controller (UPFC), one of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, which is equipped with a superconductor magnetic energy storage (SMES) system. The presence of SMES equipped UPFC on a transmission line greatly influences the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural conditions, pre-fault loading, and especially the ground fault resistance. In the presence of SMES equipped UPFC, its structural and controlling parameters as well as its installation location affects the measured impedance. Here, the measured impedance at the relaying point is presented due to the mentioned affecting parameters.
{"title":"Effects of SMES Equipped UPFC on Distance Relay Tripping Characteristic","authors":"S. Jamali, A. Kazemi, H. Shateri","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745270","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the measured impedance at the relaying point in the presence of unified power flow controller (UPFC), one of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, which is equipped with a superconductor magnetic energy storage (SMES) system. The presence of SMES equipped UPFC on a transmission line greatly influences the measured impedance at the relaying point. The measured impedance itself depends on the power system structural conditions, pre-fault loading, and especially the ground fault resistance. In the presence of SMES equipped UPFC, its structural and controlling parameters as well as its installation location affects the measured impedance. Here, the measured impedance at the relaying point is presented due to the mentioned affecting parameters.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132390117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745162
S. Parida, S.N. Singh, S. Srivastava, P. Chanda, A. Shukla
It is necessary for the system operators and regulators to manage ancillary services efficiently to maintain reliability of the system. Frequency regulation is one of the ancillary services to be supplied by the electricity market participants. The only way to regulate frequency is to maintain the balance between demand and supply in real time. In India, it is achieved through a regulatory approach. In this paper, an investigation is made on prevailing mechanism to demonstrate the pros and cons. The analysis has been carried with the data available from Northern Regional Load Dispatch Center.
{"title":"Pros and Cons of Existing Frequency Regulation Mechanism in Indian Power Industry","authors":"S. Parida, S.N. Singh, S. Srivastava, P. Chanda, A. Shukla","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745162","url":null,"abstract":"It is necessary for the system operators and regulators to manage ancillary services efficiently to maintain reliability of the system. Frequency regulation is one of the ancillary services to be supplied by the electricity market participants. The only way to regulate frequency is to maintain the balance between demand and supply in real time. In India, it is achieved through a regulatory approach. In this paper, an investigation is made on prevailing mechanism to demonstrate the pros and cons. The analysis has been carried with the data available from Northern Regional Load Dispatch Center.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128836325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745217
H. K. Patel
Flyback power supplies have a distinctive EMI signature caused by superposition of the transformer primary current (IPRI), drain voltage (VDrain), diode voltage (VDiode) and transformer secondary current (ISEC) waveforms; each generate emission currents which may exceed the desired EMI specification limits without proper EMI design technique. The primary current waveform causes primarily differential mode emission currents to circulate between the AC mains and the power supply input. It can also create common mode emissions due to radiated magnetic fields if the current path defined by the PC board layout encircles a large physical area. The drain voltage, diode voltage and secondary current waveforms are mainly responsible for the generation of common mode emission currents. Controlling EMI in SMPS requires attentions to following areas: 1. Differential mode filtering 2. Common mode filtering 3. Power cord damping 4. Transformer construction This paper addresses the concept of EMI signature in SMPS and presents conceptual techniques for EMI suppression. Differential mode filter analysis and common mode filter analysis are discussed in detail and an effective high frequency circuit model of the differential mode filter is obtained. Important aspects of power cord damping and transformer construction are also briefly covered. This paper is intended to be an efficient helping tool for the EMI filter designers.
{"title":"Flyback Power Supply EMI Signature and Suppression Techniques","authors":"H. K. Patel","doi":"10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPST.2008.4745217","url":null,"abstract":"Flyback power supplies have a distinctive EMI signature caused by superposition of the transformer primary current (IPRI), drain voltage (VDrain), diode voltage (VDiode) and transformer secondary current (ISEC) waveforms; each generate emission currents which may exceed the desired EMI specification limits without proper EMI design technique. The primary current waveform causes primarily differential mode emission currents to circulate between the AC mains and the power supply input. It can also create common mode emissions due to radiated magnetic fields if the current path defined by the PC board layout encircles a large physical area. The drain voltage, diode voltage and secondary current waveforms are mainly responsible for the generation of common mode emission currents. Controlling EMI in SMPS requires attentions to following areas: 1. Differential mode filtering 2. Common mode filtering 3. Power cord damping 4. Transformer construction This paper addresses the concept of EMI signature in SMPS and presents conceptual techniques for EMI suppression. Differential mode filter analysis and common mode filter analysis are discussed in detail and an effective high frequency circuit model of the differential mode filter is obtained. Important aspects of power cord damping and transformer construction are also briefly covered. This paper is intended to be an efficient helping tool for the EMI filter designers.","PeriodicalId":107016,"journal":{"name":"2008 Joint International Conference on Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126315528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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