To reduce the consumption of zinc resources, it is necessary to reduce the zinc powder content of epoxy zinc-rich coatings. However, the reduced zinc powder content tends to reduce the degree of connectivity in the layer, which leads to a reduction in the corrosion resistance of the coating. The effective zinc powder content was also reduced. Therefore, it is important to increase the connection capacity of the zinc powder in the coating while reducing the amount of zinc powder. In this paper, an epoxy coating with low zinc content is prepared by using flake zinc powder instead of spherical zinc powder. It also uses graphene to connect zinc powder in the coating to increase the electrical conductivity of the zinc powder in the coating. This results in an increase in the protection of the coating determined, although the cathodic protection of the coating was not prolonged by the results of OCP and EIS. In addition, when the zinc powder in the coating is cleanly consumed, the complex nature of corrosion product formed with graphene can increase the barrier resistance of the coating thereby increasing the corrosion resistance.
为了减少锌资源的消耗，有必要降低环氧富锌涂层的锌粉含量。然而，锌粉含量的减少往往会降低涂层的连通度，从而导致涂层的耐腐蚀性降低。有效锌粉含量也随之降低。因此，在减少锌粉用量的同时，提高涂层中锌粉的连接能力非常重要。本文采用片状锌粉代替球状锌粉，制备了一种锌含量较低的环氧涂层。它还使用石墨烯连接涂层中的锌粉，以增加涂层中锌粉的导电性。虽然从 OCP 和 EIS 的结果来看，涂层的阴极保护时间并没有延长，但这还是提高了涂层的保护能力。此外，当涂层中的锌粉被消耗干净后，与石墨烯形成的腐蚀产物的复杂性质可以增加涂层的阻挡性，从而提高耐腐蚀性。
{"title":"Effect of graphene on corrosion resistance of low zinc epoxy coatings applied to low-carbon steel","authors":"","doi":"10.5006/4435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4435","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To reduce the consumption of zinc resources, it is necessary to reduce the zinc powder content of epoxy zinc-rich coatings. However, the reduced zinc powder content tends to reduce the degree of connectivity in the layer, which leads to a reduction in the corrosion resistance of the coating. The effective zinc powder content was also reduced. Therefore, it is important to increase the connection capacity of the zinc powder in the coating while reducing the amount of zinc powder. In this paper, an epoxy coating with low zinc content is prepared by using flake zinc powder instead of spherical zinc powder. It also uses graphene to connect zinc powder in the coating to increase the electrical conductivity of the zinc powder in the coating. This results in an increase in the protection of the coating determined, although the cathodic protection of the coating was not prolonged by the results of OCP and EIS. In addition, when the zinc powder in the coating is cleanly consumed, the complex nature of corrosion product formed with graphene can increase the barrier resistance of the coating thereby increasing the corrosion resistance.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"41 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139442422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mild steels exposed to marine immersion conditions in which carbonate solubilities are exceeded, leading to deposition of calcareous material, have been shown to exhibit much reduced corrosion rates compared with corrosion under conditions in which there is no exceedance of solubility limits and therefore no calcareous deposition. However, the differences in corrosion including the potential effect of MIC in these conditions have not been examined systematically in the literature. The study reported herein involves short- to medium-term marine immersion exposures (up to 18 months) of mild steel coupons in natural seawater (control) and in environments using the same seawater source dosed with: 1) CaCO3, acting as an inorganic particulate suspension representative of that encountered in seawater with elevated calcareous content, and 2) a nitrate salt, acting as an industrial pollutant and bacterial nutrient source. The results show the extent to which the deposition of particulate CaCO3 from suspension in seawater onto and into the rusts reduces the rate of corrosion of mild steel; a rate that was found to be dependent on the coupon orientation within the seawater. Coupons which were permanently buried beneath a cap of settled CaCO3 particles exhibited a 70% reduction in corrosion rate compared with the representative control coupons. The results also show that for these exposure durations and conditions, while IRB and SRB bacterial species were identified in high concentrations (respectively ~1 × 106 cfu/g and ~1 × 102 to 4 × 106 cfu/g, depending on coupon orientation) within the rust products themselves after 18 months of exposure, there was no clear evidence of MIC. These findings indicate that short and medium term (non-accelerated) studies of MIC for mild steel are insufficient or even mis-leading for the prediction of long-term corrosion rates in these environments.
{"title":"Short- to medium-term corrosion of mild steel in highly calcareous seawaters: effects of calcium carbonate concentration, coupon orientation and nutrient addition","authors":"Peter J. Richardson, R. Melchers","doi":"10.5006/4453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4453","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mild steels exposed to marine immersion conditions in which carbonate solubilities are exceeded, leading to deposition of calcareous material, have been shown to exhibit much reduced corrosion rates compared with corrosion under conditions in which there is no exceedance of solubility limits and therefore no calcareous deposition. However, the differences in corrosion including the potential effect of MIC in these conditions have not been examined systematically in the literature. The study reported herein involves short- to medium-term marine immersion exposures (up to 18 months) of mild steel coupons in natural seawater (control) and in environments using the same seawater source dosed with: 1) CaCO3, acting as an inorganic particulate suspension representative of that encountered in seawater with elevated calcareous content, and 2) a nitrate salt, acting as an industrial pollutant and bacterial nutrient source. The results show the extent to which the deposition of particulate CaCO3 from suspension in seawater onto and into the rusts reduces the rate of corrosion of mild steel; a rate that was found to be dependent on the coupon orientation within the seawater. Coupons which were permanently buried beneath a cap of settled CaCO3 particles exhibited a 70% reduction in corrosion rate compared with the representative control coupons. The results also show that for these exposure durations and conditions, while IRB and SRB bacterial species were identified in high concentrations (respectively ~1 × 106 cfu/g and ~1 × 102 to 4 × 106 cfu/g, depending on coupon orientation) within the rust products themselves after 18 months of exposure, there was no clear evidence of MIC. These findings indicate that short and medium term (non-accelerated) studies of MIC for mild steel are insufficient or even mis-leading for the prediction of long-term corrosion rates in these environments.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139441742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The buried pipeline is disturbed by the dynamic DC stray current with the subway as the main leakage source, which has the safety risk of accelerating corrosion, resulting in pipeline failure, which not only causes economic losses but also threatens personal safety. Therefore, it is necessary to study the corrosion behavior of pipeline steel under dynamic DC interference. Therefore, the corrosion behavior of X80 steel under dynamic DC interference were studied by mass loss test, AC impedance, circuit simulation, XRD, and Pourbaix diagram. Combined with the corrosion efficiency and Pourbaix diagram of the Fe-H2O system, the reversible process and reduction process mechanism in the Faraday process are proposed. The reason why the corrosion efficiency slows down in the process of non-Faraday is analyzed by the electric double layer model of equivalent circuit calculation. In addition, based on the above corrosion process, the corresponding conceptual model of the corrosion mechanism is proposed. The experimental results show that with the asymmetry of positive and negative half cycle interference duration and the increase of current density, the corrosion efficiency and current corrosion efficiency of X80 steel decrease, and local corrosion intensifies. The length of negative half cycle interference affects the capacitive charge-discharge effect at the metal/solution interface and the reduction reaction process of corrosion products, resulting in corrosion slowing down and corrosion efficiency reduction. This is also an important reason for the reduction of corrosion mass loss observed in the experiment compared with steady-state DC.
{"title":"Corrosion behavior of X80 steel in a simulated soil solution under Square Wave Current Interference","authors":"Liang Dong, Tiansiyu Gan, Qinfeng Song, Yan Qiu, Shaohua Zhang, Yongtao Zhao","doi":"10.5006/4388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4388","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The buried pipeline is disturbed by the dynamic DC stray current with the subway as the main leakage source, which has the safety risk of accelerating corrosion, resulting in pipeline failure, which not only causes economic losses but also threatens personal safety. Therefore, it is necessary to study the corrosion behavior of pipeline steel under dynamic DC interference. Therefore, the corrosion behavior of X80 steel under dynamic DC interference were studied by mass loss test, AC impedance, circuit simulation, XRD, and Pourbaix diagram. Combined with the corrosion efficiency and Pourbaix diagram of the Fe-H2O system, the reversible process and reduction process mechanism in the Faraday process are proposed. The reason why the corrosion efficiency slows down in the process of non-Faraday is analyzed by the electric double layer model of equivalent circuit calculation. In addition, based on the above corrosion process, the corresponding conceptual model of the corrosion mechanism is proposed. The experimental results show that with the asymmetry of positive and negative half cycle interference duration and the increase of current density, the corrosion efficiency and current corrosion efficiency of X80 steel decrease, and local corrosion intensifies. The length of negative half cycle interference affects the capacitive charge-discharge effect at the metal/solution interface and the reduction reaction process of corrosion products, resulting in corrosion slowing down and corrosion efficiency reduction. This is also an important reason for the reduction of corrosion mass loss observed in the experiment compared with steady-state DC.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"45 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139442343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The novel compositionally complex alloy (CCA) design space provides opportunities to improve corrosion resistance through design of passive films based on alloy composition and structure. The passive films are designed to provide corrosion protection by regulating charge transfer and transport processes operative during corrosion as well as by providing self-healing capability. Film protectivity can be obtained from single passivating element oxidation, passivity “helper” elements, secondary passivators, as well as other second and third element effects. Oxides can form congruently or enrich in certain elements and be depleted in others. The wide arrange of possible alloying combinations and resultant oxide compositions for a given design space necessitates efficient alloy selection for experimental synthesis and characterization of down-selected choices with high potential for good corrosion resistance. A design process for Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Mn-Mo-Ni containing CCAs providing testable strategies for effective incorporation of corrosion-influencing elements in the oxide is introduced. Guidelines for elemental selection for protection by passive oxides, compositional optimization, and microstructural refinement are discussed.
新型成分复杂合金（CCA）的设计空间为通过设计基于合金成分和结构的无源膜来提高耐腐蚀性提供了机会。被动膜的设计目的是通过调节腐蚀过程中的电荷转移和传输过程以及提供自修复能力来提供腐蚀保护。薄膜保护能力可通过单一钝化元素氧化、钝化 "辅助 "元素、二级钝化剂以及其他第二和第三元素效应获得。氧化物可以同时形成，也可以在某些元素中富集，而在其他元素中贫化。在给定的设计空间内，可能的合金组合和由此产生的氧化物成分范围很广，这就需要对合金进行有效的选择，以便通过实验合成和表征向下选择出具有良好耐腐蚀性的高潜力合金。本文介绍了含 Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Mn-Mo-Ni CCA 的设计流程，为在氧化物中有效加入腐蚀影响元素提供了可测试的策略。文中还讨论了通过被动氧化物提供保护的元素选择、成分优化和微结构细化指南。
{"title":"Design and Discovery of Compositionally Complex Alloys (CCA) that Include High Corrosion Resistance","authors":"S.B. Inman, J.R. Scully","doi":"10.5006/4451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4451","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The novel compositionally complex alloy (CCA) design space provides opportunities to improve corrosion resistance through design of passive films based on alloy composition and structure. The passive films are designed to provide corrosion protection by regulating charge transfer and transport processes operative during corrosion as well as by providing self-healing capability. Film protectivity can be obtained from single passivating element oxidation, passivity “helper” elements, secondary passivators, as well as other second and third element effects. Oxides can form congruently or enrich in certain elements and be depleted in others. The wide arrange of possible alloying combinations and resultant oxide compositions for a given design space necessitates efficient alloy selection for experimental synthesis and characterization of down-selected choices with high potential for good corrosion resistance. A design process for Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Mn-Mo-Ni containing CCAs providing testable strategies for effective incorporation of corrosion-influencing elements in the oxide is introduced. Guidelines for elemental selection for protection by passive oxides, compositional optimization, and microstructural refinement are discussed.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengming Yan, Guangyuan Tian, C. Xue, Zhihao Yang, Chi Zhang, Shuo Wang, Hui Su, Zhifei Yan, Yingchun Tian, Junsheng Wang
The secondary phases of Mg alloys are closely related to corrosion. In this work, the correlation between secondary phases and corrosion in a Mg-6Gd-Y-Al alloy was identified by X-ray computed tomography technology. The influence of aging treatment on secondary phases of Mg alloys during corrosion was studied. The corrosion morphology of Mg alloy was examined in situ using 3D reconstruction techniques. To quantify the effects of secondary phases on the corrosion of Mg alloys, the variation of average number density, average equivalent diameter and average distance were investigated. The corrosion rate of Mg alloys was measured by electrochemical tests. It was found that after low temperature aging at 95 °C, the corrosion rate of Mg alloys decreased by ~50%. This is due to the uniform distribution of secondary phases which increases the local overall potential and improves the protection of surface films.
镁合金的次生相与腐蚀密切相关。在这项工作中，利用 X 射线计算机断层扫描技术确定了 Mg-6Gd-Y-Al 合金中二次相与腐蚀之间的相关性。研究了腐蚀过程中时效处理对镁合金次生相的影响。使用三维重建技术对镁合金的腐蚀形态进行了现场检测。为了量化次生相对镁合金腐蚀的影响，研究了平均数量密度、平均当量直径和平均距离的变化。通过电化学测试测量了镁合金的腐蚀速率。结果发现，在 95 °C 低温老化后，镁合金的腐蚀速率降低了约 50%。这是由于次生相的均匀分布增加了局部整体电位，提高了表面膜的保护能力。
{"title":"Quantifying of the effects of secondary phases on corrosion in Mg-RE alloys by X-CT","authors":"Chengming Yan, Guangyuan Tian, C. Xue, Zhihao Yang, Chi Zhang, Shuo Wang, Hui Su, Zhifei Yan, Yingchun Tian, Junsheng Wang","doi":"10.5006/4446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4446","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The secondary phases of Mg alloys are closely related to corrosion. In this work, the correlation between secondary phases and corrosion in a Mg-6Gd-Y-Al alloy was identified by X-ray computed tomography technology. The influence of aging treatment on secondary phases of Mg alloys during corrosion was studied. The corrosion morphology of Mg alloy was examined in situ using 3D reconstruction techniques. To quantify the effects of secondary phases on the corrosion of Mg alloys, the variation of average number density, average equivalent diameter and average distance were investigated. The corrosion rate of Mg alloys was measured by electrochemical tests. It was found that after low temperature aging at 95 °C, the corrosion rate of Mg alloys decreased by ~50%. This is due to the uniform distribution of secondary phases which increases the local overall potential and improves the protection of surface films.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"47 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139384791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Entering 80 Years of Corrosion Research","authors":"S. Miles, John R. Scully","doi":"10.5006/4497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Ag-Ni-Co alloy coating is prepared in the low eutectic solvent system by pulsed power supply technology. Infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry are used to confirm that the addition of metal salts do not change the low eutectic solvent system. When the current density is 1A/dm2 and the plating time is 40min, the plating grain is mainly spherical; the coating is uniform and dense. After testing, the surface specific resistance of the plating is only 1.295mΩ·cm2, the microhardness reaches 214.8HV, and the wear rate reaches 3.1. The corrosion resistance of the plating and the substrate is analyzed by a combination of macroscopic electrochemistry and micro-area electrochemistry, and the results show that the corrosion potential of the plating reaches -0.141V, and the corrosion current density reaches 1.299×10-7 A/cm2. The corrosion resistance of the plating is much greater than that of the substrate.
{"title":"Study on microstructure and corrosion properties of Ag-Ni-Co alloy electrodeposited in low eutectic solvent","authors":"Bowen Li, Fengze Pan, Chengyu Pan, Tianyi Lv, Xiaotian Wang, Xiang Ju, Kaifei Gong, Wenkai Zou, Chuanbo Zheng","doi":"10.5006/4475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4475","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Ag-Ni-Co alloy coating is prepared in the low eutectic solvent system by pulsed power supply technology. Infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry are used to confirm that the addition of metal salts do not change the low eutectic solvent system. When the current density is 1A/dm2 and the plating time is 40min, the plating grain is mainly spherical; the coating is uniform and dense. After testing, the surface specific resistance of the plating is only 1.295mΩ·cm2, the microhardness reaches 214.8HV, and the wear rate reaches 3.1. The corrosion resistance of the plating and the substrate is analyzed by a combination of macroscopic electrochemistry and micro-area electrochemistry, and the results show that the corrosion potential of the plating reaches -0.141V, and the corrosion current density reaches 1.299×10-7 A/cm2. The corrosion resistance of the plating is much greater than that of the substrate.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"30 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi He, Shuai Ren, Xi Wang, David Young, Maalek Mohamed-Said, Bernardo Augusto Farah Santos, Maria Eduarda Dias Serenario, Marc Singer
In the oil and gas industry, produced water with high dissolved salt content is a common byproduct of hydrocarbon extraction from conventional and unconventional wells. Other than salts, corrosive gases such as CO2 are abundant in the production stream, which dissolve and acidify the solution, posing a risk of internal pipeline corrosion. To mitigate this issue, the injection of corrosion inhibitors has emerged as a cost-effective approach. In various aggressive conditions, heterocyclic molecules that contain nitrogen atoms have proven to be highly effective corrosion inhibitors for many alloys. In this study, tetrahydropyrimidinium (THP-C14) inhibition efficiencies were investigated at temperatures of 25, 55, and 80 °C using electrochemical methods, including linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic sweeps. Corrosion inhibition data were then correlated with THP-C14 concentration, using the five adsorption isotherms: Langmuir, Temkin, Frumkin, Flory-Huggins, and Dhar-Flory-Huggins models. These isotherms utilize different assumptions to establish the correlation between coverage and inhibitor concentration. The suitability of these five isotherm models for describing the corrosion inhibition behavior of THP-C14 was examined. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters (Kad,ΔadGo) of adsorption for THP-C14 at 25, 55 and 80 °C were calculated and compared using the aforementioned adsorption isotherm models. Finally, a mechanism was proposed for the adsorption behavior of the THP-C14 corrosion inhibitor model compound. Chloride ions were important for inhibitor adsorption.
{"title":"Temperature Dependence of Adsorption and Effectiveness for a Pyrimidinium-Type Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel","authors":"Yi He, Shuai Ren, Xi Wang, David Young, Maalek Mohamed-Said, Bernardo Augusto Farah Santos, Maria Eduarda Dias Serenario, Marc Singer","doi":"10.5006/4346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4346","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the oil and gas industry, produced water with high dissolved salt content is a common byproduct of hydrocarbon extraction from conventional and unconventional wells. Other than salts, corrosive gases such as CO2 are abundant in the production stream, which dissolve and acidify the solution, posing a risk of internal pipeline corrosion. To mitigate this issue, the injection of corrosion inhibitors has emerged as a cost-effective approach. In various aggressive conditions, heterocyclic molecules that contain nitrogen atoms have proven to be highly effective corrosion inhibitors for many alloys. In this study, tetrahydropyrimidinium (THP-C14) inhibition efficiencies were investigated at temperatures of 25, 55, and 80 °C using electrochemical methods, including linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic sweeps. Corrosion inhibition data were then correlated with THP-C14 concentration, using the five adsorption isotherms: Langmuir, Temkin, Frumkin, Flory-Huggins, and Dhar-Flory-Huggins models. These isotherms utilize different assumptions to establish the correlation between coverage and inhibitor concentration. The suitability of these five isotherm models for describing the corrosion inhibition behavior of THP-C14 was examined. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters (Kad,ΔadGo) of adsorption for THP-C14 at 25, 55 and 80 °C were calculated and compared using the aforementioned adsorption isotherm models. Finally, a mechanism was proposed for the adsorption behavior of the THP-C14 corrosion inhibitor model compound. Chloride ions were important for inhibitor adsorption.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"63 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeok-Jun Kwon, Dongin Lim, Sungruul Park, Hwangjeong Cho, Dooyoul Lee
Corrosion is difficult to predict and manage. Thus, understanding the characteristics of the atmospheric corrosion environment inside and outside the aircraft is necessary. A series of corrosion defects were found inside the KT-1 aircraft; hence, an atmospheric corrosion monitoring set was mounted inside the aircraft to measure the effect of external rinsing on the internal corrosion according to location (fuselage and wing). The effect of external rinsing was analyzed through surface analysis of the specimens and corrosion rate estimation using internal environmental parameters. Steel specimens within the monitoring set exhibited complete corrosion, while Ag specimens showed discoloration. External rinsing reduced the rate of chloride build-up inside the wing. Additionally, TOW tended to increase with external rinsing regardless of location. Estimated and measured corrosion rates were positively correlated with TOW but negatively correlated with chloride accumulation rate. These results clearly indicate the mixed effect of rinsing and require corrosion control for individual aircraft when deciding whether to apply cleaning for corrosion control.
腐蚀难以预测和管理。因此，有必要了解飞机内外大气腐蚀环境的特征。在 KT-1 飞机内部发现了一系列腐蚀缺陷，因此在飞机内部安装了大气腐蚀监测装置，以根据位置（机身和机翼）测量外部冲洗对内部腐蚀的影响。通过试样表面分析和利用内部环境参数估算腐蚀率，分析了外部冲洗的影响。监测组中的钢制试样出现了完全腐蚀，而银制试样则出现了变色。外部冲洗降低了机翼内部氯化物的积累速度。此外，随着外部冲洗的进行，无论位置如何，TOW 都有增加的趋势。估计和测量的腐蚀率与 TOW 呈正相关，但与氯化物积累率呈负相关。这些结果清楚地表明了冲洗的混合效果，并要求在决定是否采用清洗进行腐蚀控制时对每架飞机进行腐蚀控制。
{"title":"Effect of Rinsing on Atmospheric Corrosion Environment of KT-1 Aircraft","authors":"Hyeok-Jun Kwon, Dongin Lim, Sungruul Park, Hwangjeong Cho, Dooyoul Lee","doi":"10.5006/4364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4364","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion is difficult to predict and manage. Thus, understanding the characteristics of the atmospheric corrosion environment inside and outside the aircraft is necessary. A series of corrosion defects were found inside the KT-1 aircraft; hence, an atmospheric corrosion monitoring set was mounted inside the aircraft to measure the effect of external rinsing on the internal corrosion according to location (fuselage and wing). The effect of external rinsing was analyzed through surface analysis of the specimens and corrosion rate estimation using internal environmental parameters. Steel specimens within the monitoring set exhibited complete corrosion, while Ag specimens showed discoloration. External rinsing reduced the rate of chloride build-up inside the wing. Additionally, TOW tended to increase with external rinsing regardless of location. Estimated and measured corrosion rates were positively correlated with TOW but negatively correlated with chloride accumulation rate. These results clearly indicate the mixed effect of rinsing and require corrosion control for individual aircraft when deciding whether to apply cleaning for corrosion control.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The core of any electrochemical measurement lies in the assessment of interfacial potentials. The reference electrode plays an imperative role in any electrochemical measurement. Most commercially available reference electrodes need to be separated from the solution using a porous frit or a Luggin-Haber probe/salt bridge; nonetheless, a certain degree of ionic flow remains necessary. Building upon prior research, this study delves into using an inert metal wire to bridge the reference electrode and the test solution in a physically distinct container. The impact of both physical and electrochemical variables on the efficacy of this metallic bridge was rigorously examined. Remarkably, linear correlations between potential and temperature and potential and pressure were established, while non-linear correlations were observed with the bridge's submerged area and the electrolyte's concentration. Empirical equations were deduced, facilitating the correction of these effects on measurements. Furthermore, the viability of the metallic bridge was assessed as a straightforward alternative for electrochemical potential measurements in challenging environments such as autoclaves and other harsh conditions.
{"title":"Bipolar metal bridge for electrochemical tests in autoclave","authors":"E. Hornus, Martín A. Rodríguez","doi":"10.5006/4473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5006/4473","url":null,"abstract":"The core of any electrochemical measurement lies in the assessment of interfacial potentials. The reference electrode plays an imperative role in any electrochemical measurement. Most commercially available reference electrodes need to be separated from the solution using a porous frit or a Luggin-Haber probe/salt bridge; nonetheless, a certain degree of ionic flow remains necessary. Building upon prior research, this study delves into using an inert metal wire to bridge the reference electrode and the test solution in a physically distinct container. The impact of both physical and electrochemical variables on the efficacy of this metallic bridge was rigorously examined. Remarkably, linear correlations between potential and temperature and potential and pressure were established, while non-linear correlations were observed with the bridge's submerged area and the electrolyte's concentration. Empirical equations were deduced, facilitating the correction of these effects on measurements. Furthermore, the viability of the metallic bridge was assessed as a straightforward alternative for electrochemical potential measurements in challenging environments such as autoclaves and other harsh conditions.","PeriodicalId":10717,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139198581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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