Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2023.cr-837
M. Bhagavathi, G. Baradhan, S. S. Kumar, M. Ajithkumar
Higher demand, cost of labour and low availability of water have forced the farmers to look for an alternative method of rice cultivation as a substitute to the existing conventional method of transplanting. Direct method of rice cultivation is better alternative over transplanting method. This is not only laboursaving method, but also results in significant water saving method in rice cultivation. However, the direct method of rice cultivation confronts with severe weed infestation in initial stage of crop growth and yield losses if weeds are not managed well. Therefore, this research work was conducted to study the establishment percentage and weeds of rice under different rice establishment methods and weed management practices during kuruvai seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21 with five main plots as establishment methods and six weed management practices as sub-plots in split-plot design on clay loam soil. The results demonstrated highest establishment percentage, WCE% and lesser weeds population obtained under SRI method of rice transplanting. All the herbicides reduced the weed population significantly as compared to weedy check. Pretilachlor 6% GR + bensulfuron methyl 0.6% (PE) and bispyribac sodium 10% SC (POE) reduced the weed population. Maximum reduction in yield due to weeds served in weedy check plot and lowest was recorded in PE followed by POE herbicidal application plot. Application of PE pretilachlor+bensulfuron methyl 0.6% @ 10 kg/ha under SRI method of transplanting resulted in highest average weed control efficiency.
更高的需求、劳动力成本和水的低可用性迫使农民寻找替代水稻种植的方法，以替代现有的传统移植方法。水稻直接栽培法是比移栽法更好的选择。这不仅是一种省力的方法，而且是水稻栽培中节水效果显著的方法。然而，水稻直接栽培法在作物生长初期面临着严重的杂草侵害，如果杂草管理不善，则会造成产量损失。因此，本研究采用分块设计方法，在2019- 2020年和2020-21年库鲁韦季以5个主要样地为建立方法，6个样地为副样地，研究了不同水稻建立方式和杂草管理方式下水稻的成活率和杂草情况。结果表明，采用SRI方法定植的水稻成活率、WCE%最高，杂草数量较少。与杂草检查相比，所有除草剂都显著减少了杂草数量。苯甲草胺6% GR +苯磺隆0.6% (PE)和双嘧菌酯钠10% SC (POE)可减少杂草数量。在杂草检查区施用杂草导致的产量下降最大，在PE区最低，其次是POE除草剂。施用聚乙烯苯甲草胺+甲基苯磺隆0.6% @ 10 kg/ha在SRI方法下移栽，平均防杂草效率最高。
{"title":" Effect of different establishment methods and weed management strategies in rice (Oryza sativa) under Cauvery delta zone of Tamil Nadu ","authors":"M. Bhagavathi, G. Baradhan, S. S. Kumar, M. Ajithkumar","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2023.cr-837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2023.cr-837","url":null,"abstract":"Higher demand, cost of labour and low availability of water have forced the farmers to look for an alternative method of rice cultivation as a substitute to the existing conventional method of transplanting. Direct method of rice cultivation is better alternative over transplanting method. This is not only laboursaving method, but also results in significant water saving method in rice cultivation. However, the direct method of rice cultivation confronts with severe weed infestation in initial stage of crop growth and yield losses if weeds are not managed well. Therefore, this research work was conducted to study the establishment percentage and weeds of rice under different rice establishment methods and weed management practices during kuruvai seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21 with five main plots as establishment methods and six weed management practices as sub-plots in split-plot design on clay loam soil. The results demonstrated highest establishment percentage, WCE% and lesser weeds population obtained under SRI method of rice transplanting. All the herbicides reduced the weed population significantly as compared to weedy check. Pretilachlor 6% GR + bensulfuron methyl 0.6% (PE) and bispyribac sodium 10% SC (POE) reduced the weed population. Maximum reduction in yield due to weeds served in weedy check plot and lowest was recorded in PE followed by POE herbicidal application plot. Application of PE pretilachlor+bensulfuron methyl 0.6% @ 10 kg/ha under SRI method of transplanting resulted in highest average weed control efficiency.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76104845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2023.809
K. Bhanusri, M. Reddy, U. B. Reddy, P. Kavitha
Conventionally chickpea is cultivated as rainfed crop but under irrigated conditions the optimum dose of fertilizers was not known and the research was also limited. The purpose of this study was to study the optimum dose of fertilizers for chickpea under irrigated conditions. A field experiment was conducted to study the growth and yield of chickpea under varied levels of fertilizer application on sandy loam soils at Agricultural College, Mahanandi during rabi 2021-22. The experimental field was laid out in a randomized block design with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. Nitrogen and phosphorus were applied through urea and single super phosphate, respectively, to all the plots. The results revealed that significantly higher and comparable values of plant height (44.0 cm), number of branches/plant (28.7), number of pods/plant (63.4), 100-seed weight (32.4 g), seed yield (1346.1 kg/ha), gross returns (71344.7 Rs./ha), net returns (43187.7 Rs./ha) and B : C ratio (2.5) were registered with treatment 20 kg N basal+20 kg N split+60 kg P2O5 basal (T9) and higher dry matter accumulation (7168.5 kg/ha) and haulm yield (1352.0 kg/ha) with 20 kg N basal+20 kg N split+70 kg P2O5 basal (T10). Number of seeds/pod and harvest index were not significantly affected by levels of fertilizer application.
鹰嘴豆传统上是旱作作物，但在灌溉条件下，肥料的最佳用量尚不清楚，研究也很有限。本试验的目的是研究鹰嘴豆在灌溉条件下的最佳施肥剂量。采用田间试验方法，研究了沙壤土上鹰嘴豆在不同施肥水平下的生长和产量。试验田采用随机区组设计，设10个处理，重复3次。各样地分别通过尿素和单一超磷酸盐施氮、施磷。结果表明:单株株高(44.0 cm)、枝数(28.7)、荚果数(63.4)、百粒重(32.4 g)、种子产量(1346.1 kg/ha)、总收益(71344.7 rs /ha)、净收益(43187.7 rs /ha)和B:20 kg N基+20 kg N劈裂+60 kg P2O5基(T9)处理的C比为2.5,20 kg N基+20 kg N劈裂+70 kg P2O5基(T10)处理的干物质积累量(7168.5 kg/ hm2)和收获量(1352.0 kg/ hm2)较高。籽粒/荚果数和收获指数受施肥水平影响不显著。
{"title":"Optimizing fertilizer schedules for irrigated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under scarce rainfall zone of Andhra Pradesh ","authors":"K. Bhanusri, M. Reddy, U. B. Reddy, P. Kavitha","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2023.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2023.809","url":null,"abstract":"Conventionally chickpea is cultivated as rainfed crop but under irrigated conditions the optimum dose of fertilizers was not known and the research was also limited. The purpose of this study was to study the optimum dose of fertilizers for chickpea under irrigated conditions. A field experiment was conducted to study the growth and yield of chickpea under varied levels of fertilizer application on sandy loam soils at Agricultural College, Mahanandi during rabi 2021-22. The experimental field was laid out in a randomized block design with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. Nitrogen and phosphorus were applied through urea and single super phosphate, respectively, to all the plots. The results revealed that significantly higher and comparable values of plant height (44.0 cm), number of branches/plant (28.7), number of pods/plant (63.4), 100-seed weight (32.4 g), seed yield (1346.1 kg/ha), gross returns (71344.7 Rs./ha), net returns (43187.7 Rs./ha) and B : C ratio (2.5) were registered with treatment 20 kg N basal+20 kg N split+60 kg P2O5 basal (T9) and higher dry matter accumulation (7168.5 kg/ha) and haulm yield (1352.0 kg/ha) with 20 kg N basal+20 kg N split+70 kg P2O5 basal (T10). Number of seeds/pod and harvest index were not significantly affected by levels of fertilizer application.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89514220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-21DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-896
Eshita Gupta, Pratyay Vaibhav, Archna Kumar
The Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov) (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) is a larval endoparasitoid of the major crucifer pest, diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera : Plutellidae). The oriental responses of C. plutellae towards 19 straight-chain hydrocarbons were scrutinized by Y tube choice bioassays. Stimulation for parasitoid elicited on application with 10 and 100 mg/l concentrations varied for each hydrocarbon. The study was conducted during the cole crop cultivation season in the winters of 2021-22 (January 2021-March 2022 at 28°32'7.8612'' N, 77°23'27.7044'' E). Out of all selected 19 hydrocarbons, Icosane emerged to be the best attractant with the highest percentage effectiveness of 1200%. The least attractancy was exhibited by Docosane. The possible behavioural manipulation of this specialist parasitoid using the desired concentration of hydrocarbon may be formulated and browbeaten for effective biological control of the diamondback moth.
{"title":"Orientation response of Cotesia plutellae Kurdjumov (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) towards nineteen straight-chain hydrocarbons ","authors":"Eshita Gupta, Pratyay Vaibhav, Archna Kumar","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-896","url":null,"abstract":"The Cotesia plutellae (Kurdjumov) (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) is a larval endoparasitoid of the major crucifer pest, diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera : Plutellidae). The oriental responses of C. plutellae towards 19 straight-chain hydrocarbons were scrutinized by Y tube choice bioassays. Stimulation for parasitoid elicited on application with 10 and 100 mg/l concentrations varied for each hydrocarbon. The study was conducted during the cole crop cultivation season in the winters of 2021-22 (January 2021-March 2022 at 28°32'7.8612'' N, 77°23'27.7044'' E). Out of all selected 19 hydrocarbons, Icosane emerged to be the best attractant with the highest percentage effectiveness of 1200%. The least attractancy was exhibited by Docosane. The possible behavioural manipulation of this specialist parasitoid using the desired concentration of hydrocarbon may be formulated and browbeaten for effective biological control of the diamondback moth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85470181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.895
Debarati Nandi, A. Chakraborty, Tufleuddin Biswas, Durgadatta Meher, A. Singh
Trichomes have long been investigated as an initial line of defence against insect herbivores. The structure, categorization and diversity of trichomes in flowering plants, as well as their mechanisms of action against abiotic and biotic stresses, are discussed. Plant-herbivore interactions are complicated interactions involving intricate networks of chemicals, signals and tactics to overcome each other's defences. To gain nutrients from host plants, herbivores employ a variety of feeding techniques. Plants respond by activating several defence mechanisms. Context of this review is based over the research on herbivore-trichome interactions and how trichomes are involved in both direct and indirect plant defences. Importance of trichome exudates like terpenes, acyl sugars, phenyl propanoid derivatives, methyl ketones, flavonoids and defensive proteins have been discussed. In our study, we emphasized on the relevance of trichomes as a reliable indicator of plant defence and how it is involved in defence responses of some economically important crops. Finally, we suggest several promising new study avenues for future work on trichomes and trichome-mediated responses.
{"title":"Role of trichomes in plant defence – A crop specific review ","authors":"Debarati Nandi, A. Chakraborty, Tufleuddin Biswas, Durgadatta Meher, A. Singh","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.895","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomes have long been investigated as an initial line of defence against insect herbivores. The structure, categorization and diversity of trichomes in flowering plants, as well as their mechanisms of action against abiotic and biotic stresses, are discussed. Plant-herbivore interactions are complicated interactions involving intricate networks of chemicals, signals and tactics to overcome each other's defences. To gain nutrients from host plants, herbivores employ a variety of feeding techniques. Plants respond by activating several defence mechanisms. Context of this review is based over the research on herbivore-trichome interactions and how trichomes are involved in both direct and indirect plant defences. Importance of trichome exudates like terpenes, acyl sugars, phenyl propanoid derivatives, methyl ketones, flavonoids and defensive proteins have been discussed. In our study, we emphasized on the relevance of trichomes as a reliable indicator of plant defence and how it is involved in defence responses of some economically important crops. Finally, we suggest several promising new study avenues for future work on trichomes and trichome-mediated responses.","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"03 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88297344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-893
Mukesh Kumar, Dama Ram, V. Khandelwal, A. Choudhary, M. Saran, A. Yadav
The utilization of resistant varieties is a classical approach to prevent the catastrophic losses caused by pearl millet blast with reduction in the cost of production and increased yield. Therefore, a study was conducted during the kharif 2020 at collage farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur to identify resistance sources against blast disease in pearl millet crop. Thirty-one pearl millet hybrids along with one susceptible check were screened against blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea under field condition. Among them 24 hybrids showed 12-33% disease severity with disease rating scale 2-3 were considered moderately resistant. Four hybrids showed 34-55% disease severity and disease rating scale 4-5 were considered moderately susceptible. Three hybrids showed 56-77% disease severity with disease rating scale 6-7 and therefore were considered susceptible and one hybrid showed greater than 78% disease severity with disease rating scale 8-9 was considered highly susceptible. None of the cultivars showed highly resistant and resistant reaction under field condition.
{"title":"Screening of different pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) genotype against blast disease of pearl millet caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.","authors":"Mukesh Kumar, Dama Ram, V. Khandelwal, A. Choudhary, M. Saran, A. Yadav","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-893","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of resistant varieties is a classical approach to prevent the catastrophic losses caused by pearl millet blast with reduction in the cost of production and increased yield. Therefore, a study was conducted during the kharif 2020 at collage farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur to identify resistance sources against blast disease in pearl millet crop. Thirty-one pearl millet hybrids along with one susceptible check were screened against blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea under field condition. Among them 24 hybrids showed 12-33% disease severity with disease rating scale 2-3 were considered moderately resistant. Four hybrids showed 34-55% disease severity and disease rating scale 4-5 were considered moderately susceptible. Three hybrids showed 56-77% disease severity with disease rating scale 6-7 and therefore were considered susceptible and one hybrid showed greater than 78% disease severity with disease rating scale 8-9 was considered highly susceptible. None of the cultivars showed highly resistant and resistant reaction under field condition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79601389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-894
M. Jamunasri, L. M., R. Issac
Polystyrene (thermocol) is a widely used plastic in many aspects of human life and in industries due to various useful characteristics, however, it is very stable and extremely hard to degrade in the environment after disposal causing evolution of secondary pollutants. Biodegradation could be a sustainable approach in managing the disposal of these wastes wherein microorganisms through their enzymatic activity could degrade polystyrene. With this view, a study was designed during 2021 at Karunya Institute of Technology and Science to evaluate the potential of bacteria harbouring in polystyrene waste dumped. Our present investigation reveals the studies on biodegradation of polystyrene and has potential to explore and give direction for future studies
{"title":" Evaluating the efficacy of isolated bacterial strain on the biodegradation of polystyrene (thermocol)","authors":"M. Jamunasri, L. M., R. Issac","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-894","url":null,"abstract":" Polystyrene (thermocol) is a widely used plastic in many aspects of human life and in industries due to various useful characteristics, however, it is very stable and extremely hard to degrade in the environment after disposal causing evolution of secondary pollutants. Biodegradation could be a sustainable approach in managing the disposal of these wastes wherein microorganisms through their enzymatic activity could degrade polystyrene. With this view, a study was designed during 2021 at Karunya Institute of Technology and Science to evaluate the potential of bacteria harbouring in polystyrene waste dumped. Our present investigation reveals the studies on biodegradation of polystyrene and has potential to explore and give direction for future studies\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83086377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-888
B. ., I. Kumari, N. Salaria, A. Devi
Intercropping is an agricultural approach in which two or more crop species, cohabit for a period of time. Intercropping is viewed as a sustainable, environmentally friendly and profitable cropping strategy by its proponents. The field work was carried out in the agricultural land of Arni University, Distt. Kangra of Himachal Pradesh during the months of June-August 2021. The main objective of present study was to make people aware about intercropping system so that they can adopt these agricultural practices and apply them for good crop production. In the current study, intercropping leguminous plant Glycine max was grown with non-leguminous vegetable crop Capsicum annuum in order to achieve higher productivity of non-leguminous crop plants. Different morphological parameters including plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, leaf breadth and fruit size were measured and recorded weekly. Findings of present investigation indicated that plant height (46.89±0.01 cm), leaf length (7.56±0.06 cm), leaf number (33.66±0.33 cm), leaf breadth (4.47±0.03 cm) and fruit size were significantly increased and it ensured that the leguminous crop soybean (Glycine max) had a favourable impact on non-leguminous vegetable crop (Capsicum annuum) production. Future explore in this field may help farmers in order to improve yield stability and to minimize risk of crop failure.
{"title":"Role of soybean (Glycine max) on the fruiting enhancement of chilli (Capsicum annuum) under intercropping system","authors":"B. ., I. Kumari, N. Salaria, A. Devi","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-888","url":null,"abstract":" Intercropping is an agricultural approach in which two or more crop species, cohabit for a period of time. Intercropping is viewed as a sustainable, environmentally friendly and profitable cropping strategy by its proponents. The field work was carried out in the agricultural land of Arni University, Distt. Kangra of Himachal Pradesh during the months of June-August 2021. The main objective of present study was to make people aware about intercropping system so that they can adopt these agricultural practices and apply them for good crop production. In the current study, intercropping leguminous plant Glycine max was grown with non-leguminous vegetable crop Capsicum annuum in order to achieve higher productivity of non-leguminous crop plants. Different morphological parameters including plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, leaf breadth and fruit size were measured and recorded weekly. Findings of present investigation indicated that plant height (46.89±0.01 cm), leaf length (7.56±0.06 cm), leaf number (33.66±0.33 cm), leaf breadth (4.47±0.03 cm) and fruit size were significantly increased and it ensured that the leguminous crop soybean (Glycine max) had a favourable impact on non-leguminous vegetable crop (Capsicum annuum) production. Future explore in this field may help farmers in order to improve yield stability and to minimize risk of crop failure.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88483800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-886
S. Chakraborty, A. K. Chaurasiya
The field experiment was carried out at Horticulture Farm, Department of Horticulture, North Eastern Hill University to evaluate bottle gourd germplasms for horticultural traits and to identify superior genotypes in 30 local bottle gourd genotypes during 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications. The germplasm lines have been collected from places of Garo Hills districts of Meghalaya. The collected accessions exhibited a wide range of morphological diversity for qualitative as well as for quantitative traits. The grand mean of yield of marketable fruit (kg/plant) was 32.39 kg with the lowest fruit yield/plant of 14.87 kg recorded in GHA-18 and the highest fruit yield of 63.74 kg, fruit yield/plant recorded in GHGA-8. A wide range of variation was recorded for all the characters which indicated that there was better scope for selection for the improvement of these characters.
{"title":"Agro-morphological characterization of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] germplasms in Garo Meghalaya hills, ","authors":"S. Chakraborty, A. K. Chaurasiya","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.cr-886","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment was carried out at Horticulture Farm, Department of Horticulture, North Eastern Hill University to evaluate bottle gourd germplasms for horticultural traits and to identify superior genotypes in 30 local bottle gourd genotypes during 2018 and 2019. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications. The germplasm lines have been collected from places of Garo Hills districts of Meghalaya. The collected accessions exhibited a wide range of morphological diversity for qualitative as well as for quantitative traits. The grand mean of yield of marketable fruit (kg/plant) was 32.39 kg with the lowest fruit yield/plant of 14.87 kg recorded in GHA-18 and the highest fruit yield of 63.74 kg, fruit yield/plant recorded in GHGA-8. A wide range of variation was recorded for all the characters which indicated that there was better scope for selection for the improvement of these characters.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90904607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.890
M. Balasubramanian, S. Vennila
The present investigation was conducted to assess the high grain yielding varieties and their related traits for evolving better genotypes for further breeding programme. Twenty-five rice genotypes were collected from different geographical regions of Tamil Nadu to discern the extent of divergence, variability and character association. The analysis of variance exposed the presence of significant differences among all the genotypes for eight characters studied and indicated the occurrence of considerable amount of deviation in the genotypes. In D2 analysis, 25 rice genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The maximum intra-cluster distance was registered in cluster III (31.88). The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between cluster II and cluster IV (144.96). IR 64, PMK 3 and CO 51 were the potential donors and could be used as a parent as they possessed high per se for yield and majority of its attributes. Number of grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight, plant height, days to 50% flowering and grain yield/plant were the major contributors towards the total genetic divergence among the traits studied. The genetic correlation revealed that number of tillers/plant and panicle length showed positive and significant association with respect to number of productive tillers/plant and number of grains/panicle at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. So, it may be inferred that selection and manoeuvring of anyone of the traits viz., number of productive tillers/plant and panicle length were likely to improve grain yield/plant. Path analysis indicated that number of productive tillers/plant, 1000-grain weight and number of grains/panicle exerted maximum positive direct and all identified genotypes with their resulted traits would be obliging to progress or deploy for further breeding programme.
{"title":"Genetic diversity, correlation and path co-efficient for yield and yield associated traits in rice (Oryza sativa) ","authors":"M. Balasubramanian, S. Vennila","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.890","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was conducted to assess the high grain yielding varieties and their related traits for evolving better genotypes for further breeding programme. Twenty-five rice genotypes were collected from different geographical regions of Tamil Nadu to discern the extent of divergence, variability and character association. The analysis of variance exposed the presence of significant differences among all the genotypes for eight characters studied and indicated the occurrence of considerable amount of deviation in the genotypes. In D2 analysis, 25 rice genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The maximum intra-cluster distance was registered in cluster III (31.88). The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between cluster II and cluster IV (144.96). IR 64, PMK 3 and CO 51 were the potential donors and could be used as a parent as they possessed high per se for yield and majority of its attributes. Number of grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight, plant height, days to 50% flowering and grain yield/plant were the major contributors towards the total genetic divergence among the traits studied. The genetic correlation revealed that number of tillers/plant and panicle length showed positive and significant association with respect to number of productive tillers/plant and number of grains/panicle at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. So, it may be inferred that selection and manoeuvring of anyone of the traits viz., number of productive tillers/plant and panicle length were likely to improve grain yield/plant. Path analysis indicated that number of productive tillers/plant, 1000-grain weight and number of grains/panicle exerted maximum positive direct and all identified genotypes with their resulted traits would be obliging to progress or deploy for further breeding programme.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"60 sp1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72608260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.31830/2454-1761.2022.891
C. Kathirvelu, L. Gopianand, S. M. SURESHKUMAR1, G. Baradhan
Butterflies are among the most attractive and colourful organisms on the planet, with a high aesthetic value. These are bio-indicators of the environment and ecosystem. The adults of butterflies are pollinating many plant species and their young ones (larva) feed on crop plants and weeds. The presence of weed-eating butterflies in agro-ecosystems has made a significant contribution to natural weed suppression thereby reducing the consumption of herbicides. In this context, an attempt was made to survey for butterflies in the coastal agro-ecosystem of selected localities in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu during winter season 2021-22. Butterflies survey was done twice a month in the study area and the larval weed host plants were also documented. The results of the study showed that a total of 188 weed suppressing butterflies which comprised six species and five genera were observed from the study area under the families Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae of the Order Lepidoptera. Among the species of weed suppressing butterflies, Hypolimnas misippus was found maximum in the survey followed by H. bolina of Nymphalidae family. The important weed hosts found in the study area were Cleome viscosa, Portulaca oleracea, Abutilon indicum, Corchorus depressus, Achyranthes aspera and Amaranthus viridis. The diversity of weed suppressing butterflies in the study area of coastal district offers a possible exploitation and scope in weed management in agro-ecosystems naturally.
{"title":"Futuristic scope of weed suppressing butterflies in coastal agricultural ecosystem ","authors":"C. Kathirvelu, L. Gopianand, S. M. SURESHKUMAR1, G. Baradhan","doi":"10.31830/2454-1761.2022.891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2454-1761.2022.891","url":null,"abstract":" Butterflies are among the most attractive and colourful organisms on the planet, with a high aesthetic value. These are bio-indicators of the environment and ecosystem. The adults of butterflies are pollinating many plant species and their young ones (larva) feed on crop plants and weeds. The presence of weed-eating butterflies in agro-ecosystems has made a significant contribution to natural weed suppression thereby reducing the consumption of herbicides. In this context, an attempt was made to survey for butterflies in the coastal agro-ecosystem of selected localities in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu during winter season 2021-22. Butterflies survey was done twice a month in the study area and the larval weed host plants were also documented. The results of the study showed that a total of 188 weed suppressing butterflies which comprised six species and five genera were observed from the study area under the families Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae of the Order Lepidoptera. Among the species of weed suppressing butterflies, Hypolimnas misippus was found maximum in the survey followed by H. bolina of Nymphalidae family. The important weed hosts found in the study area were Cleome viscosa, Portulaca oleracea, Abutilon indicum, Corchorus depressus, Achyranthes aspera and Amaranthus viridis. The diversity of weed suppressing butterflies in the study area of coastal district offers a possible exploitation and scope in weed management in agro-ecosystems naturally.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10786,"journal":{"name":"Crop research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80059971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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