Pub Date : 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103377
Catharine E Bosman , Luvuyo Tyhoda , Johann F Görgens , Kim M Trollope
Lignin, a complex biopolymer, holds significant promise for sustainable bioconversion into high-value products and chemicals; however, its recalcitrance, variable composition, and low degradation rates limit industrial application. Naturally sourced enzymes remain insufficient, and mature commercial solutions are scarce. Synthetic biology opens new avenues for lignin biotransformation, particularly through biofoundries that automate the ‘design-build-test-learn’ cycle. These platforms can integrate robotics, data-driven biology, and artificial intelligence to expedite ligninolytic enzyme development. By enabling high-throughput screening, directed evolution, and biosensor-guided selection, lignin-focused biofoundries present a transformative framework for overcoming current limitations. This review explores recent biotechnological advances and highlights the potential of biofoundries to unlock lignin’s untapped economic and environmental potential.
{"title":"Building a lignin biofoundry: a review","authors":"Catharine E Bosman , Luvuyo Tyhoda , Johann F Görgens , Kim M Trollope","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lignin, a complex biopolymer, holds significant promise for sustainable bioconversion into high-value products and chemicals; however, its recalcitrance, variable composition, and low degradation rates limit industrial application. Naturally sourced enzymes remain insufficient, and mature commercial solutions are scarce. Synthetic biology opens new avenues for lignin biotransformation, particularly through biofoundries that automate the ‘design-build-test-learn’ cycle. These platforms can integrate robotics, data-driven biology, and artificial intelligence to expedite ligninolytic enzyme development. By enabling high-throughput screening, directed evolution, and biosensor-guided selection, lignin-focused biofoundries present a transformative framework for overcoming current limitations. This review explores recent biotechnological advances and highlights the potential of biofoundries to unlock lignin’s untapped economic and environmental potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103377"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145412716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103374
Peter H Winegar , Maria CT Astolfi , Sara F Holm , Graham A Hudson , Jay D Keasling
Terpenoid natural products and their derivatives exhibit bioactivity that is utilized in FDA-approved drugs and candidates for future drugs; however, the widespread utilization of terpenoids has been limited by complex, low-yielding native biosyntheses and chemical syntheses. Microbial total/semi-biosynthesis of natural and new-to-nature terpenoids from sustainable feedstocks is scalable and can achieve economically viable cost targets. Herein, this review describes foundational advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering as exemplified by efforts to biosynthesize prominent terpenoids (i.e. artemisinin, taxol, vinblastine, QS-21, and cyclopamine) in engineered microorganisms (e.g. Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Emerging methods that accelerate microbial biosynthesis campaigns (i.e. automation, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and combinatorial screening) are then discussed.
{"title":"Advances in the microbial biosynthesis of therapeutic terpenoids","authors":"Peter H Winegar , Maria CT Astolfi , Sara F Holm , Graham A Hudson , Jay D Keasling","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terpenoid natural products and their derivatives exhibit bioactivity that is utilized in FDA-approved drugs and candidates for future drugs; however, the widespread utilization of terpenoids has been limited by complex, low-yielding native biosyntheses and chemical syntheses. Microbial total/semi-biosynthesis of natural and new-to-nature terpenoids from sustainable feedstocks is scalable and can achieve economically viable cost targets. Herein, this review describes foundational advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering as exemplified by efforts to biosynthesize prominent terpenoids (i.e. artemisinin, taxol, vinblastine, QS-21, and cyclopamine) in engineered microorganisms (e.g. <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>). Emerging methods that accelerate microbial biosynthesis campaigns (i.e. automation, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and combinatorial screening) are then discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103374"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103372
Nora Junker , Sara-Sophie Poethe , Volker F. Wendisch
Aromatic compounds are an important class of natural substances with a wide range of physiological functions and, thus, applications in the food, feed, fine chemical, and plastics industries or as pharmaceuticals. As a prime player in industrial amino acid production, C. glutamicum is an ideal host to engineer the shikimate pathway for de novo biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids (AAAs) and derived arenes and heteroarenes. Recently, metabolic engineering strategies in this regard have converged, and potent AAA-producing strains have been developed. Three trends that will further expedite the field will be discussed: the use of alternative substrates, biofoundry approaches, and pathway extensions towards specialized metabolites with sought-after medical relevance.
{"title":"Aromatic compound production by Corynebacterium glutamicum: unified strategies at the core and diversity by extension","authors":"Nora Junker , Sara-Sophie Poethe , Volker F. Wendisch","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aromatic compounds are an important class of natural substances with a wide range of physiological functions and, thus, applications in the food, feed, fine chemical, and plastics industries or as pharmaceuticals. As a prime player in industrial amino acid production, <em>C. glutamicum</em> is an ideal host to engineer the shikimate pathway for <em>de novo</em> biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids (AAAs) and derived arenes and heteroarenes. Recently, metabolic engineering strategies in this regard have converged, and potent AAA-producing strains have been developed. Three trends that will further expedite the field will be discussed: the use of alternative substrates, biofoundry approaches, and pathway extensions towards specialized metabolites with sought-after medical relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103372"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103371
Marcelo Iñaki Guerrero Montalván , Mariana Guzmán Sánchez , Victoria Gutierrez , Yunus E Tunçil , Stephen R Lindemann
The human colonic microbiota exerts a profound influence on health, mediated by highly specific relationships among dietary fiber structures and microbial degraders. Systematic control of fiber structure offers opportunities to engineer microbiota-targeted interventions with increasing precision. Here, we examine the evolution of designed dietary fibers — biotechnologically produced oligosaccharides or polysaccharides synthesized de novo or naturally occurring polysaccharides intentionally modified post-extraction for their fine physical or chemical structures to influence gut microbiome. We propose a hierarchical framework to classify these fibers based on the degree of fine structure control, highlight current strategies for carbohydrate modification approaches, and discuss emerging directions for the field. Despite recent advances, much potential remains unrealized for the rational, reproducible design of microbiome-targeted fibers.
{"title":"Designed dietary fibers: engineering carbohydrate structure for precision modulation of the human gut microbiome","authors":"Marcelo Iñaki Guerrero Montalván , Mariana Guzmán Sánchez , Victoria Gutierrez , Yunus E Tunçil , Stephen R Lindemann","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human colonic microbiota exerts a profound influence on health, mediated by highly specific relationships among dietary fiber structures and microbial degraders. Systematic control of fiber structure offers opportunities to engineer microbiota-targeted interventions with increasing precision. Here, we examine the evolution of <em>designed dietary fibers —</em> biotechnologically produced oligosaccharides or polysaccharides synthesized <em>de novo</em> or naturally occurring polysaccharides intentionally modified post-extraction for their fine physical or chemical structures to influence gut microbiome. We propose a hierarchical framework to classify these fibers based on the degree of fine structure control, highlight current strategies for carbohydrate modification approaches, and discuss emerging directions for the field. Despite recent advances, much potential remains unrealized for the rational, reproducible design of microbiome-targeted fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103371"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103370
Haoyu Wang , Fan Bai , Hongzhong Lu , Yongjin J Zhou
Methanol represents a promising sustainable one-carbon (C1) feedstock for biomanufacturing. However, limitations arising from cytotoxicity and incomplete metabolic understanding have resulted in low production efficiencies and constraining industrial applications. Recent systems biology approaches, including multi-omics and computational modeling, have significantly advanced our knowledge of microbial methanol metabolism. Here, we first summarize recent methodological progress in systems biology applied to methanol metabolism studies. Secondly, we highlight novel insights into understanding methanol metabolism by applying systems biology approaches in natural and synthetic methylotrophic microorganisms. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives for systems biology studies of methanol metabolism in yeast.
{"title":"Understanding methanol metabolism through systems biology: advances and future perspectives","authors":"Haoyu Wang , Fan Bai , Hongzhong Lu , Yongjin J Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methanol represents a promising sustainable one-carbon (C1) feedstock for biomanufacturing. However, limitations arising from cytotoxicity and incomplete metabolic understanding have resulted in low production efficiencies and constraining industrial applications. Recent systems biology approaches, including multi-omics and computational modeling, have significantly advanced our knowledge of microbial methanol metabolism. Here, we first summarize recent methodological progress in systems biology applied to methanol metabolism studies. Secondly, we highlight novel insights into understanding methanol metabolism by applying systems biology approaches in natural and synthetic methylotrophic microorganisms. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives for systems biology studies of methanol metabolism in yeast.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103370"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145291442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103369
Michael Madden , Conor Pulliam , Katherine Holandez-Lopez , Andrew Campbell , Jie Li
Natural products (NPs) have served as a major source of chemically novel, bioactive therapeutics for the treatment of various diseases. In recent years, NP discovery has benefited greatly from advancements in biotechnological fields. This review covers techniques and tools from 2022 to 2025 that have expanded NP discovery capabilities through gene-editing tools to activate silent biosynthetic genes, cell-free methods for NP production and diversification, as well as artificial intelligence and informatics tools for structure generation and correlational studies.
{"title":"Emerging strategies to enhance microbial natural product–based drug discovery","authors":"Michael Madden , Conor Pulliam , Katherine Holandez-Lopez , Andrew Campbell , Jie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural products (NPs) have served as a major source of chemically novel, bioactive therapeutics for the treatment of various diseases. In recent years, NP discovery has benefited greatly from advancements in biotechnological fields. This review covers techniques and tools from 2022 to 2025 that have expanded NP discovery capabilities through gene-editing tools to activate silent biosynthetic genes, cell-free methods for NP production and diversification, as well as artificial intelligence and informatics tools for structure generation and correlational studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103369"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103367
Gyudong Jang , Min-Jung Kim , Sang Yup Lee
Escherichia coli is increasingly employed for chemical production, with its industrial competitiveness now depending on both the expansion of its molecular repertoire through first-in-class pathways and achieving best-in-class titer, rate, and yield (TRY). Recent milestones include the first demonstration of producing aromatic homopolyester and poly(ester amide)s from glucose using engineered E. coli. To optimally maximize TRY, systems metabolic engineering leverages diverse tools such as genome-scale CRISPRi/sRNA libraries, dynamic biosensors, and redox-balancing modules to optimally channel cellular resources toward product formation. In parallel, in silico tools support retrobiosynthetic pathway design, flux optimization, and enzyme engineering. By integrating first-in-class pathway construction with best-in-class TRY optimization, E. coli is poised to drive the next generation of sustainable, large-scale biomanufacturing. Overall, this review outlines representative achievements, strategic approaches, and emerging prospects, highlighting how recent advancements are positioning E. coli as a versatile and competitive chassis for sustainable production of value-added chemicals and materials.
{"title":"Production of chemicals by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli","authors":"Gyudong Jang , Min-Jung Kim , Sang Yup Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Escherichia coli</em> is increasingly employed for chemical production, with its industrial competitiveness now depending on both the expansion of its molecular repertoire through first-in-class pathways and achieving best-in-class titer, rate, and yield (TRY). Recent milestones include the first demonstration of producing aromatic homopolyester and poly(ester amide)s from glucose using engineered <em>E. coli</em>. To optimally maximize TRY, systems metabolic engineering leverages diverse tools such as genome-scale CRISPRi/sRNA libraries, dynamic biosensors, and redox-balancing modules to optimally channel cellular resources toward product formation. In parallel, <em>in silico</em> tools support retrobiosynthetic pathway design, flux optimization, and enzyme engineering. By integrating first-in-class pathway construction with best-in-class TRY optimization, <em>E. coli</em> is poised to drive the next generation of sustainable, large-scale biomanufacturing. Overall, this review outlines representative achievements, strategic approaches, and emerging prospects, highlighting how recent advancements are positioning <em>E. coli</em> as a versatile and competitive chassis for sustainable production of value-added chemicals and materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103367"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103368
Dake Liu, Meng-Lun Hsieh, Yousong Ding
Human-associated microbes hold immense therapeutic potential, yet most species remain undomesticated due to cultivation barriers and limited genetic tools. Recent advances in genetic engineering are overcoming these challenges, enabling the precise manipulation of both domesticated and previously intractable microbes. This review highlights established strategies for engineering domesticated strains, such as Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and lactic acid bacteria, for diverse therapeutic applications. We also discuss emerging tools, including optimized transformation protocols for skin commensals and genome-editing approaches for Clostridium species and undomesticated E. coli, that address key barriers in non-model microbes and expand the potential of engineered microbiome therapeutics.
{"title":"Strategies for engineering domesticated and undomesticated human microbes","authors":"Dake Liu, Meng-Lun Hsieh, Yousong Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human-associated microbes hold immense therapeutic potential, yet most species remain undomesticated due to cultivation barriers and limited genetic tools. Recent advances in genetic engineering are overcoming these challenges, enabling the precise manipulation of both domesticated and previously intractable microbes. This review highlights established strategies for engineering domesticated strains, such as <em>Escherichia coli</em> Nissle 1917 and lactic acid bacteria, for diverse therapeutic applications. We also discuss emerging tools, including optimized transformation protocols for skin commensals and genome-editing approaches for <em>Clostridium</em> species and undomesticated <em>E. coli</em>, that address key barriers in non-model microbes and expand the potential of engineered microbiome therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 103368"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103339
Jannis Broeker, Jochen Schmid
Microbial exopolysaccharides for direct food applications remain rare due to significant financial and regulatory hurdles. However, exopolysaccharides without direct food approval have recently been employed in various indirect food-related uses. This review highlights microbial exopolysaccharides with strong potential for both direct and indirect food applications and outlines engineering strategies to optimize their biotechnological production. For sucrase-based polysaccharides, enzyme engineering aimed at controlling molecular weight has shown strong potential for generating novel functional properties. In the case of synthase-based polysaccharides, leveraging epimerases or exploiting the natural promiscuity of the synthase enzyme emerges as a particularly promising approach. For heteropolysaccharides, this review presents some rare examples of successful engineering and heterologous expression in chassis organisms, while also identifying key challenges that still limit efficient optimization.
{"title":"Engineering microbial exopolysaccharides for food applications.","authors":"Jannis Broeker, Jochen Schmid","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial exopolysaccharides for direct food applications remain rare due to significant financial and regulatory hurdles. However, exopolysaccharides without direct food approval have recently been employed in various indirect food-related uses. This review highlights microbial exopolysaccharides with strong potential for both direct and indirect food applications and outlines engineering strategies to optimize their biotechnological production. For sucrase-based polysaccharides, enzyme engineering aimed at controlling molecular weight has shown strong potential for generating novel functional properties. In the case of synthase-based polysaccharides, leveraging epimerases or exploiting the natural promiscuity of the synthase enzyme emerges as a particularly promising approach. For heteropolysaccharides, this review presents some rare examples of successful engineering and heterologous expression in chassis organisms, while also identifying key challenges that still limit efficient optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"95 ","pages":"103339"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01Epub Date: 2025-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103338
Katherine Petersen, Thomas J Mansell
Polyphenols are a diverse class of plant metabolites with noted health benefits, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic effects. Recently, these compounds have gained interest for their ability to manipulate the composition of the human gut microbiome through distinct mechanisms, including microbial metabolism, enzymatic biotransformation, and antimicrobial effects. For example, many gut microbes express β-glucosidases or polyphenol catabolizing enzymes (PAZymes), which could enable the use of these compounds in competitive niches. This review explores recent research on the enzymes that interact with these substrates, the mechanisms by which polyphenols modulate the gut microbiome, and the use of polyphenolic compounds as next-generation prebiotics for the benefit of the human host.
{"title":"Unveiling the prebiotic potential of polyphenols in gut health and metabolism.","authors":"Katherine Petersen, Thomas J Mansell","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2025.103338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyphenols are a diverse class of plant metabolites with noted health benefits, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic effects. Recently, these compounds have gained interest for their ability to manipulate the composition of the human gut microbiome through distinct mechanisms, including microbial metabolism, enzymatic biotransformation, and antimicrobial effects. For example, many gut microbes express β-glucosidases or polyphenol catabolizing enzymes (PAZymes), which could enable the use of these compounds in competitive niches. This review explores recent research on the enzymes that interact with these substrates, the mechanisms by which polyphenols modulate the gut microbiome, and the use of polyphenolic compounds as next-generation prebiotics for the benefit of the human host.</p>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":"95 ","pages":"103338"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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