Current opinion in biotechnology最新文献

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The expansion of fungal organisms in environmental biotechnology 扩大真菌生物在环境生物技术中的应用。

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103217

Korena K Mafune , Mari KH Winkler

Fungal organisms hold vital roles in ecosystem processes. Despite their intricate entanglement with most life on earth and their powerful metabolic capacities, they remain under-represented in environmental biotechnology. The interest in applying fungal biotechnologies to different environments is growing, as light is shed on their versatile potential. A diversity of fungi can be harnessed to promote crop yield, remediate pollutants from terrestrial and aquatic environments, and mitigate climate change impacts. Current technological advancements, such as the increase in high-accuracy ‘omics pipelines, provide improvement. However, it is emphasized that there are many knowledge gaps regarding applying fungal biotechnology at scale where other organisms are inherently present. Hence, there is a dire need to increase funding that enables in-depth studies on fungal processes, such as degradation capacities, metabolite production, and cross-kingdom interactions, that promote climate-smart biotechnologies.

真菌生物在生态系统过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管真菌与地球上大多数生命错综复杂地纠缠在一起，而且具有强大的新陈代谢能力，但它们在环境生物技术中的代表性仍然不足。随着人们对真菌多功能潜力的了解，将真菌生物技术应用于不同环境的兴趣与日俱增。可以利用真菌的多样性来提高作物产量、修复陆地和水生环境中的污染物以及减轻气候变化的影响。当前的技术进步，如高精度'omics'管道的增加，提供了改进的机会。但需要强调的是，在大规模应用真菌生物技术方面还存在许多知识空白，而这些生物技术本身就存在于其他生物体中。因此，亟需增加资金投入，以便深入研究真菌的降解能力、代谢物产生和跨领域相互作用等过程，促进气候智能生物技术的发展。

引用次数: 0

Challenges and future perspectives for high-throughput chimeric antigen receptor T cell discovery 高通量嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞发现的挑战和未来展望。

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103216

Savannah E Butler , Margaret E Ackerman

Novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell designs are being developed to overcome challenges with tumor recognition, trafficking, on-target but off-tumor binding, cytotoxicity, persistence, and immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment. Whereas traditional CAR engineering is an iterative, hypothesis-driven process in which novel designs are rationally constructed and tested for in vivo efficacy, drawing from the fields of small-molecule and protein-based therapeutic discovery, we consider how high-throughput, functional screening technologies are beginning to be applied for the development of promising CAR candidates. We review how the development of high-throughput screening methods has the potential to streamline the CAR discovery process, ultimately improving efficiency and clinical efficacy.

目前正在开发新型嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞设计，以克服肿瘤识别、贩运、靶上但非肿瘤结合、细胞毒性、持久性以及肿瘤微环境中的免疫抑制等难题。传统的 CAR 工程是一个迭代、假设驱动的过程，在这个过程中，新的设计被合理地构建并测试体内疗效，我们借鉴了基于小分子和蛋白质的治疗发现领域的经验，同时考虑了高通量功能筛选技术如何开始应用于开发有前景的 CAR 候选者。我们回顾了高通量筛选方法的开发是如何简化 CAR 发现过程，最终提高效率和临床疗效的。

引用次数: 0

Proteomics insights into the fungal-mediated bioremediation of environmental contaminants 蛋白质组学对真菌介导的环境污染物生物修复的启示。

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103213

Kshitija Shah , Soham Ray , Himadri Bose , Vijaya Pandey , James A Wohlschlegel , Shaily Mahendra

As anthropogenic activities continue to introduce various contaminants into the environment, the need for effective monitoring and bioremediation strategies is critical. Fungi, with their diverse enzymatic arsenal, offer promising solutions for the biotransformation of many pollutants. While conventional research reports on ligninolytic, oxidoreductive, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, the vast potential of fungi, with approximately 10 345 protein sequences per species, remains largely untapped. This review describes recent advancements in fungal proteomics instruments as well as software and highlights their detoxification mechanisms and biochemical pathways. Additionally, it highlights lesser-known fungal enzymes with potential applications in environmental biotechnology. By reviewing the benefits and challenges associated with proteomics tools, we hope to summarize and promote the studies of fungi and fungal proteins relevant in the environment.

随着人类活动不断向环境中引入各种污染物，有效的监测和生物修复策略显得至关重要。真菌拥有多种酶库，为许多污染物的生物转化提供了前景广阔的解决方案。传统的研究报告涉及木质素分解酶、氧化还原酶和细胞色素 P450 (CYP) 酶，而真菌的巨大潜力（每个物种约有 10 345 个蛋白质序列）在很大程度上仍未得到开发。本综述介绍了真菌蛋白质组学仪器和软件的最新进展，并重点介绍了真菌的解毒机制和生化途径。此外，它还重点介绍了鲜为人知的、具有环境生物技术应用潜力的真菌酶。通过回顾与蛋白质组学工具相关的益处和挑战，我们希望总结并促进与环境相关的真菌和真菌蛋白质研究。

引用次数: 0

Methane to bioproducts: unraveling the potential of methanotrophs for biomanufacturing 从甲烷到生物产品：揭示甲烷营养体在生物制造方面的潜力。

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103210

Justin N Tan , Keshav Ratra , Steven W Singer , Blake A Simmons , Shubhasish Goswami , Deepika Awasthi

With the continuous increase in the world population, anthropogenic activities will generate more waste and create greenhouse gases such as methane, amplifying global warming. The biological conversion of methane into biochemicals is a sustainable solution to sequester and convert this greenhouse gas. Methanotrophic bacteria fulfill this role by utilizing methane as a feedstock while manufacturing various bioproducts. Recently, methanotrophs have made their mark in industrial biomanufacturing. However, unlike glucose-utilizing model organisms such as Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, methanotrophs do not have established transformation methods and genetic tools, making these organisms challenging to engineer. Despite these challenges, recent advancements in methanotroph engineering demonstrate great promise, showcasing these C1-carbon-utilizing microbes as prospective hosts for bioproduction. This review discusses the recent developments and challenges in strain engineering, biomolecule production, and process development methodologies in the methanotroph field.

随着世界人口的不断增加，人类活动将产生更多的废物，并产生甲烷等温室气体，加剧全球变暖。通过生物转化将甲烷转化为生化物质是封存和转化这种温室气体的可持续解决方案。养甲烷细菌利用甲烷作为原料，制造各种生物产品，从而发挥了这一作用。最近，甲烷营养细菌在工业生物制造领域大显身手。然而，与大肠杆菌和酿酒酵母等利用葡萄糖的模式生物不同，甲烷营养菌没有成熟的转化方法和遗传工具，因此这些生物的工程设计具有挑战性。尽管存在这些挑战，但最近在甲烷营养体工程学方面取得的进展展示了巨大的前景，表明这些 C1 碳利用微生物有望成为生物生产的宿主。本综述讨论了甲烷营养体领域在菌种工程、生物大分子生产和工艺开发方法方面的最新进展和挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Thermodynamic tools for more efficient biotechnological processes: an example in poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) production from carbon monoxide 提高生物技术工艺效率的热力学工具：以一氧化碳生产聚（3-羟基丁酸）为例。

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103212

Karel Olavarria , Diana Z Sousa

Modern biotechnology requires the integration of several disciplines, with thermodynamics being a crucial one. Experimental approaches frequently used in biotechnology, such as rewiring of metabolic networks or culturing of micro-organisms in engineered environments, can benefit from the application of thermodynamic tools. In this paper, we provide an overview of several thermodynamic tools that are useful for the design and optimization of biotechnological processes, and we demonstrate their potential application in the production of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) from carbon monoxide (CO). We discuss how these tools can aid in the design of metabolic engineering strategies, the calculation of expected yields, the assessment of the thermodynamic feasibility of the targeted conversions, the identification of potential thermodynamic bottlenecks, and the selection of genetic engineering targets. Although we illustrate these tools using the specific example of PHB production from CO, they can be applied to other substrates and products.

现代生物技术需要整合多个学科，其中热力学是一个重要学科。生物技术中经常使用的实验方法，如重新连接代谢网络或在工程环境中培养微生物，都可以从热力学工具的应用中获益。本文概述了几种有助于设计和优化生物技术过程的热力学工具，并展示了这些工具在利用一氧化碳（CO）生产聚-（3-羟基丁酸）（PHB）过程中的潜在应用。我们讨论了这些工具如何帮助设计代谢工程策略、计算预期产量、评估目标转化的热力学可行性、识别潜在的热力学瓶颈以及选择基因工程目标。虽然我们使用从 CO 生产 PHB 的具体实例来说明这些工具，但它们也可应用于其他底物和产品。

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview: Chemical biotechnology paving the way for a sustainable future 编辑综述：化学生物技术为可持续未来铺平道路

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103215

Tomohisa Hasunuma , Yong-Su Jin

引用次数: 0

Editorial overview: Plant synthetic biology 编辑综述：植物合成生物学

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103211

Andrew D Hanson, Cătălin Voiniciuc

引用次数: 0

Food industry side streams: an unexploited source for biotechnological phosphorus upcycling 食品工业副产品流：生物技术磷循环利用的一个未开发来源

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103209

Anna Joëlle Ruff

The phosphorus shortage is an unavoidable challenge that requires strategies to replace phosphorus sourced from ores. Food industry by-products are an unscoped resource for sustainable phosphorus recovery. Recent advances include biotechnological phosphorus upcycling from phytate-rich plant residues to polyphosphate as a food additive. The valorization of by-products such as deoiled seeds or brans additionally provides low-phosphorus feed and thereby minimizes the environmental burden. Phytate reduction in a cereal-rich diet by adding enzyme formulation is a further strategy that limits its antinutritive effect. However, sustainable P-management depends on phytases that have been customized and enhanced for thermostability and specific activity. The circular phosphorus economy is driven by emerging value chains and maturing phosphorus recovery technologies for market entry.

磷短缺是一个不可避免的挑战，需要制定战略来替代从矿石中获取的磷。食品工业的副产品是一种尚未开发的可持续磷回收资源。最近的进展包括利用生物技术从富含植酸的植物残渣中回收磷，将其转化为聚磷酸盐作为食品添加剂。副产品（如脱油种子或麸皮）的增值还可提供低磷饲料，从而最大限度地减轻环境负担。通过添加酶制剂来减少富含植酸的谷物饲料中的植酸，也是一种限制其抗营养作用的策略。然而，可持续的磷管理取决于经过定制和强化的植酸酶的热稳定性和特定活性。新兴的价值链和成熟的磷回收技术将推动磷循环经济进入市场。

引用次数: 0

Analysis of polyphosphate in mammalian cells and tissues: methods, functions and challenges 哺乳动物细胞和组织中多磷酸盐的分析：方法、功能和挑战

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103208

Giuliano A Kullik , Moritz Waldmann , Thomas Renné

Polyphosphates play a crucial role in various biological processes, such as blood coagulation, energy homeostasis, and cellular stress response. However, their isolation, detection, and quantification present significant challenges. These difficulties arise primarily from their solubility, low concentration in mammals, and structural similarity to other ubiquitous biopolymers. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of polyphosphates in mammals, including their proposed functions and tissue distribution. It also examines key isolation techniques, such as chromatography and precipitation, alongside detection methods, such as colorimetric assays and enzymatic digestion. The strengths and limitations of these methods are discussed, as well as the challenges in preserving polyphosphate integrity. Recent advancements in isolation and detection are also highlighted, offering a comprehensive perspective essential for advancing polyphosphate research.

多磷酸盐在血液凝固、能量平衡和细胞应激反应等各种生物过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，它们的分离、检测和定量却面临着巨大的挑战。这些困难主要来自于它们的可溶性、在哺乳动物体内的低浓度以及与其他无处不在的生物聚合物在结构上的相似性。本综述概述了目前对哺乳动物体内多磷酸盐的了解，包括它们的拟议功能和组织分布。综述还探讨了色谱法和沉淀法等关键分离技术，以及比色法和酶解法等检测方法。报告讨论了这些方法的优势和局限性，以及在保持多磷酸盐完整性方面所面临的挑战。此外，还重点介绍了分离和检测方面的最新进展，为推进多磷酸盐研究提供了一个至关重要的全面视角。

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引用次数: 0

Polyphosphate accumulation in microalgae and cyanobacteria: recent advances and opportunities for phosphorus upcycling 微藻类和蓝藻中聚磷酸盐的积累：最新进展和磷的循环利用机会

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Current opinion in biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103207

Maxence Plouviez , Nicola Brown

Phosphorus (P) must continuously be added to soils as it is lost in the food chain and via leaching. Unfortunately, the mining and import of P to produce fertiliser is unsustainable and costly. Potential solutions to the global issues of P rock depletion and pollution lie in microalgae and cyanobacteria. With an ability to intracellularly store P as polyphosphates, microalgae and cyanobacteria could provide the basis for removing P from water streams, thereby mitigating eutrophication, and even enabling P recovery as P-rich biomass. Metabolic engineering or changes in growing conditions have been demonstrated to improve P removal and recovery by triggering polyphosphates synthesis in the laboratory. This now needs to be replicated at full scale.

磷（P）在食物链和沥滤过程中会流失，因此必须不断向土壤中添加磷。遗憾的是，开采和进口磷来生产化肥是不可持续的，而且成本高昂。微藻和蓝藻是解决全球钾资源枯竭和污染问题的潜在办法。微藻类和蓝藻能够在细胞内以多磷酸盐的形式储存钾，可为去除水流中的钾提供基础，从而减轻富营养化，甚至还能以富含钾的生物质形式回收钾。在实验室中，代谢工程或生长条件的改变已被证明可以通过触发聚磷酸盐的合成来改善对磷的去除和回收。现在需要进行大规模复制。

引用次数: 0

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