Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01530-9
Mary Kathryn Abel, Ange Wang, Joseph M. Letourneau, Michelle E. Melisko, Marcelle I. Cedars, Mitchell P. Rosen
Purpose of Review
In this Perspective we share the personal story of a 33-year-old patient diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer and her journey through fertility preservation, surrogacy, and eventually motherhood, highlighting misconceptions about fertility preservation in this population.
Recent Findings
There are nearly 1 million women under the age of 50 diagnosed and living with cancer in the USA. These patients are met with life-altering decisions, including those that may limit their reproductive ability. While there have been tremendous advances and advocacy in the field of oncofertility, there has been limited focus on patients with advanced stage or metastatic cancer.
Summary
We describe five key misconceptions surrounding fertility preservation in patients with advanced stage cancer, offering a review of the literature and our approach to challenging topics like desiring fertility preservation in the face of Stage 4 disease, the safety and timing of ovarian stimulation during cancer treatment, and passing away following fertility preservation. We review the importance of assessing perceptions of fertility preservation in patients with metastatic cancer and highlight the lack of research in this area as a call to action.
{"title":"Changing the Perspective on Fertility Preservation for Women with Metastatic or Advanced Stage Cancer","authors":"Mary Kathryn Abel, Ange Wang, Joseph M. Letourneau, Michelle E. Melisko, Marcelle I. Cedars, Mitchell P. Rosen","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01530-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01530-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>In this Perspective we share the personal story of a 33-year-old patient diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer and her journey through fertility preservation, surrogacy, and eventually motherhood, highlighting misconceptions about fertility preservation in this population.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>There are nearly 1 million women under the age of 50 diagnosed and living with cancer in the USA. These patients are met with life-altering decisions, including those that may limit their reproductive ability. While there have been tremendous advances and advocacy in the field of oncofertility, there has been limited focus on patients with advanced stage or metastatic cancer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>We describe five key misconceptions surrounding fertility preservation in patients with advanced stage cancer, offering a review of the literature and our approach to challenging topics like desiring fertility preservation in the face of Stage 4 disease, the safety and timing of ovarian stimulation during cancer treatment, and passing away following fertility preservation. We review the importance of assessing perceptions of fertility preservation in patients with metastatic cancer and highlight the lack of research in this area as a call to action.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01533-6
Toshihiro Iguchi, Yusuke Matsui, Koji Tomita, Mayu Uka, Noriyuki Umakoshi, Takahiro Kawabata, Hideo Gobara, Motoo Araki, Takao Hiraki
Purpose of review
To review the current status of kidney tumor ablation in patients with substantial kidney impairment.
Recent findings
Few reports of kidney tumor ablation in such patients have recently been published. The reported prevalence of patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) among patients undergoing ablation is 2.0%–10%. In patients with stage 4 or 5 CKD, local tumor control rates were 88%–100%. The effect of ablation on CKD stage is unclear, and the observed deteriorations in kidney function are consistent with both the effect of cryoablation and the natural course of advanced CKD.
Summary
According to guidelines, active surveillance may be selected. The goals of treatment are complete tumor removal and maintenance of kidney function, both of which can be met by ablation. Given the limited treatment options, ablation may play a pivotal role in the management of patients with advanced CKD.
{"title":"Ablation of Kidney Tumors in Patients with Substantial Kidney Impairment: Current Status","authors":"Toshihiro Iguchi, Yusuke Matsui, Koji Tomita, Mayu Uka, Noriyuki Umakoshi, Takahiro Kawabata, Hideo Gobara, Motoo Araki, Takao Hiraki","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01533-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01533-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of review</h3><p>To review the current status of kidney tumor ablation in patients with substantial kidney impairment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent findings</h3><p>Few reports of kidney tumor ablation in such patients have recently been published. The reported prevalence of patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) among patients undergoing ablation is 2.0%–10%. In patients with stage 4 or 5 CKD, local tumor control rates were 88%–100%. The effect of ablation on CKD stage is unclear, and the observed deteriorations in kidney function are consistent with both the effect of cryoablation and the natural course of advanced CKD.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>According to guidelines, active surveillance may be selected. The goals of treatment are complete tumor removal and maintenance of kidney function, both of which can be met by ablation. Given the limited treatment options, ablation may play a pivotal role in the management of patients with advanced CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-11DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01523-8
Michael A. Liu, Jennifer W. Li, Karie Runcie
Purpose of Review
To summarize and evaluate the literature on treatment approaches for oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancer.
Recent Findings
There is no clear definition for oligometastatic urothelial cancers due to limited data. Studies focusing on oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancer have been primarily retrospective. Treatment options include local therapy with surgery or radiation, and generalized systemic therapy such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
Summary
Oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancers remain challenging to manage, and treatment requires an interdisciplinary approach. Systemic therapy is nearly always a component of current care in the form of chemotherapy, but the role of immunotherapy has not been explored. Consideration of surgical and radiation options may improve outcomes, and no studies have compared directly between the two localized treatment options. The development of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers may also enhance the treatment landscape in the future.
{"title":"Management of Oligometastatic and Locally Recurrent Urothelial Carcinoma","authors":"Michael A. Liu, Jennifer W. Li, Karie Runcie","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01523-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01523-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>To summarize and evaluate the literature on treatment approaches for oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>There is no clear definition for oligometastatic urothelial cancers due to limited data. Studies focusing on oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancer have been primarily retrospective. Treatment options include local therapy with surgery or radiation, and generalized systemic therapy such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Oligometastatic and locally recurrent urothelial cancers remain challenging to manage, and treatment requires an interdisciplinary approach. Systemic therapy is nearly always a component of current care in the form of chemotherapy, but the role of immunotherapy has not been explored. Consideration of surgical and radiation options may improve outcomes, and no studies have compared directly between the two localized treatment options. The development of new prognostic and predictive biomarkers may also enhance the treatment landscape in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01521-w
Denise S. Hoogenkamp, Linda J. de Wit–van der Veen, Daphne M. V. Huizing, Margot E. T. Tesselaar, Rachel S. van Leeuwaarde, Marcel P. M. Stokkel, Marnix G. E. H. Lam, Arthur J. A. T. Braat
Purpose of Review
To provide insights into the role of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and an overview of possible strategies to combine PRRT with locoregional and systemic anticancer treatments.
Recent Findings
Research on combining PRRT with other treatments encompasses a wide variety or treatments, both local (transarterial radioembolization) and systemic therapies, chemotherapy (i.e., capecitabine and temozolomide), targeted therapies (i.e., olaparib, everolimus, and sunitinib), and immunotherapies (e.g., nivolumab and pembrolizumab). Furthermore, PRRT shows promising first results as a treatment prior to surgery.
Summary
There is great demand to enhance the efficacy of PRRT through combination with other anticancer treatments. While research in this area is currently limited, the field is rapidly evolving with numerous ongoing clinical trials aiming to address this need and explore novel therapeutic combinations.
{"title":"Advances in Radionuclide Therapies for Patients with Neuro-endocrine Tumors","authors":"Denise S. Hoogenkamp, Linda J. de Wit–van der Veen, Daphne M. V. Huizing, Margot E. T. Tesselaar, Rachel S. van Leeuwaarde, Marcel P. M. Stokkel, Marnix G. E. H. Lam, Arthur J. A. T. Braat","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01521-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01521-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>To provide insights into the role of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and an overview of possible strategies to combine PRRT with locoregional and systemic anticancer treatments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Research on combining PRRT with other treatments encompasses a wide variety or treatments, both local (transarterial radioembolization) and systemic therapies, chemotherapy (i.e., capecitabine and temozolomide), targeted therapies (i.e., olaparib, everolimus, and sunitinib), and immunotherapies (e.g., nivolumab and pembrolizumab). Furthermore, PRRT shows promising first results as a treatment prior to surgery.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>There is great demand to enhance the efficacy of PRRT through combination with other anticancer treatments. While research in this area is currently limited, the field is rapidly evolving with numerous ongoing clinical trials aiming to address this need and explore novel therapeutic combinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01509-6
Guillaume Grisay, Pernelle Lavaud, Karim Fizazi
Purpose of Review
This review aims to explore the evolving landscape of treatments available for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) patients.
Recent Findings
In less than a decade, evidence was chronologically provided that (1) systemic treatment intensification with docetaxel improves outcomes, including survival, in men with mCSPC, (2) then that these outcomes are also improved when a second-generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) is combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and (3) using a “triplet systemic therapy,” which consists in the combination of ADT, an ARPI and docetaxel, further improves outcomes, including survival. Radiotherapy to the prostate combined with ADT alone is now recommended in men with low-volume mCSPC. Combining prostate radiotherapy and intensified systemic treatment including abiraterone may be synergistic as suggested in the PEACE-1 trial. Also, the role of metastases-directed local therapies (mostly stereotactic radiotherapy) is currently being assessed in phase 3 trials. Finally, the integration of biomarkers (e.g. BRCA2 gene alterations, PTEN loss, PSMA expression) for decision making is not currently established, though trials are also currently underway. Importantly, most evidence currently available was obtained in men with de novo metastases, while for those with metastatic relapse after definitive local treatment, the role of treatment intensification is less well established.
Summary
Treatment intensification is nowadays the standard of care for patients with de novo mCSPC as it leads to outcomes improvement, including survival, and the standard of care is evolving almost on a yearly basis.
{"title":"Current Systemic Therapy in Men with Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer","authors":"Guillaume Grisay, Pernelle Lavaud, Karim Fizazi","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01509-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01509-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review aims to explore the evolving landscape of treatments available for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) patients.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>In less than a decade, evidence was chronologically provided that (1) systemic treatment intensification with docetaxel improves outcomes, including survival, in men with mCSPC, (2) then that these outcomes are also improved when a second-generation androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) is combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and (3) using a “triplet systemic therapy,” which consists in the combination of ADT, an ARPI and docetaxel, further improves outcomes, including survival. Radiotherapy to the prostate combined with ADT alone is now recommended in men with low-volume mCSPC. Combining prostate radiotherapy and intensified systemic treatment including abiraterone may be synergistic as suggested in the PEACE-1 trial. Also, the role of metastases-directed local therapies (mostly stereotactic radiotherapy) is currently being assessed in phase 3 trials. Finally, the integration of biomarkers (e.g. <i>BRCA2</i> gene alterations, <i>PTEN</i> loss, PSMA expression) for decision making is not currently established, though trials are also currently underway. Importantly, most evidence currently available was obtained in men with de novo metastases, while for those with metastatic relapse after definitive local treatment, the role of treatment intensification is less well established.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Treatment intensification is nowadays the standard of care for patients with de novo mCSPC as it leads to outcomes improvement, including survival, and the standard of care is evolving almost on a yearly basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"519 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01528-3
Sarah L. Cook, Md Al Amin, Shahla Bari, Pradeep J. Poonnen, Mustafa Khasraw, Margaret O. Johnson
Purpose of Review
This manuscript will update prior reviews of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in light of basic science, translational, and clinical discoveries in the field of cancer immunology and aging.
Recent Findings
ICIs have led to significant advancements in the treatment of cancer. Landmark trials of ICIs have cited the efficacy and toxicity experienced by older patients, but most trials are not specifically designed to address outcomes in older patients. Underlying mechanisms of aging, like cellular senescence, affect the immune system and may ultimately alter the host’s response to ICIs. Validated tools are currently used to identify older adults who may be at greater risk of developing complications from their cancer treatment.
Summary
We review changes in the aging immune system that may alter responses to ICIs, report outcomes and toxicities in older adults from recent ICI clinical trials, and discuss clinical tools specific to older patients with cancer.
{"title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Geriatric Oncology","authors":"Sarah L. Cook, Md Al Amin, Shahla Bari, Pradeep J. Poonnen, Mustafa Khasraw, Margaret O. Johnson","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01528-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01528-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>This manuscript will update prior reviews of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in light of basic science, translational, and clinical discoveries in the field of cancer immunology and aging.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>ICIs have led to significant advancements in the treatment of cancer. Landmark trials of ICIs have cited the efficacy and toxicity experienced by older patients, but most trials are not specifically designed to address outcomes in older patients. Underlying mechanisms of aging, like cellular senescence, affect the immune system and may ultimately alter the host’s response to ICIs. Validated tools are currently used to identify older adults who may be at greater risk of developing complications from their cancer treatment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>We review changes in the aging immune system that may alter responses to ICIs, report outcomes and toxicities in older adults from recent ICI clinical trials, and discuss clinical tools specific to older patients with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01514-9
Matthew Chen, Victoria S. Wu, Derek Falk, Chesley Cheatham, Jennifer Cullen, Richard Hoehn
Purpose of Review
Patient navigation promotes access to timely treatment of chronic diseases by eliminating barriers to care. Patient navigation programs have been well-established in improving screening rates and diagnostic resolution. This systematic review aimed to characterize the multifaceted role of patient navigators within the realm of cancer treatment.
Recent Findings
A comprehensive electronic literature review of PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating the role of patient navigators in cancer treatment from August 1, 2009 to March 27, 2023.
Summary
Fifty-nine articles were included in this review. Amongst studies focused on cancer treatment initiation, 70% found a significant improvement in treatment initiation amongst patients who were enrolled in patient navigation programs, 71% of studies focused on treatment adherence demonstrated significant improvements in treatment adherence, 87% of studies investigating patient satisfaction showed significant benefits, and 81% of studies reported a positive impact of patient navigators on quality care indicators. Three palliative care studies found beneficial effects of patient navigation. Thirty-seven studies investigated disadvantaged populations, with 76% of them concluded that patient navigators made a positive impact during treatment. This systematic review provides compelling evidence supporting the value of patient navigation programs in cancer treatment. The findings suggest that patient navigation plays a crucial role in improving access to care and optimizing treatment outcomes, especially for disadvantaged cancer patients. Incorporating patient navigation into standard oncology practice can reduce disparities and improve the overall quality of cancer care.
{"title":"Patient Navigation in Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review","authors":"Matthew Chen, Victoria S. Wu, Derek Falk, Chesley Cheatham, Jennifer Cullen, Richard Hoehn","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01514-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01514-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Patient navigation promotes access to timely treatment of chronic diseases by eliminating barriers to care. Patient navigation programs have been well-established in improving screening rates and diagnostic resolution. This systematic review aimed to characterize the multifaceted role of patient navigators within the realm of cancer treatment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>A comprehensive electronic literature review of PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating the role of patient navigators in cancer treatment from August 1, 2009 to March 27, 2023.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Fifty-nine articles were included in this review. Amongst studies focused on cancer treatment initiation, 70% found a significant improvement in treatment initiation amongst patients who were enrolled in patient navigation programs, 71% of studies focused on treatment adherence demonstrated significant improvements in treatment adherence, 87% of studies investigating patient satisfaction showed significant benefits, and 81% of studies reported a positive impact of patient navigators on quality care indicators. Three palliative care studies found beneficial effects of patient navigation. Thirty-seven studies investigated disadvantaged populations, with 76% of them concluded that patient navigators made a positive impact during treatment. This systematic review provides compelling evidence supporting the value of patient navigation programs in cancer treatment. The findings suggest that patient navigation plays a crucial role in improving access to care and optimizing treatment outcomes, especially for disadvantaged cancer patients. Incorporating patient navigation into standard oncology practice can reduce disparities and improve the overall quality of cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01526-5
Martina Di Franco, Lucia Zanoni, Emilia Fortunati, Stefano Fanti, Valentina Ambrosini
Purpose of Review
This paper aims to address the latest findings in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) theranostics, focusing on new evidence and future directions of combined diagnosis with positron emission tomography (PET) and treatment with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).
Recent Findings
Following NETTER-1 trial, PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE was approved by FDA and EMA and is routinely employed in advanced G1 and G2 SST (somatostatin receptor)-expressing NET. Different approaches have been proposed so far to improve the PRRT therapeutic index, encompassing re-treatment protocols, combinations with other therapies and novel indications. Molecular imaging holds a potential added value in characterizing disease biology and heterogeneity using different radiopharmaceuticals (e.g., SST and FDG) and may provide predictive and prognostic parameters. Response assessment criteria are still an unmet need and new theranostic pairs showed preliminary encouraging results.
Summary
PRRT for NET has become a paradigm of modern theranostics. PRRT holds a favorable toxicity profile, and it is associated with a prolonged time to progression, reduction of symptoms, and improved patients’ quality of life. In light of further optimization, different new strategies have been investigated, along with the development of new radiopharmaceuticals.
{"title":"Radionuclide Theranostics in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: An Update","authors":"Martina Di Franco, Lucia Zanoni, Emilia Fortunati, Stefano Fanti, Valentina Ambrosini","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01526-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01526-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>This paper aims to address the latest findings in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) theranostics, focusing on new evidence and future directions of combined diagnosis with positron emission tomography (PET) and treatment with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Following NETTER-1 trial, PRRT with [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE was approved by FDA and EMA and is routinely employed in advanced G1 and G2 SST (somatostatin receptor)-expressing NET. Different approaches have been proposed so far to improve the PRRT therapeutic index, encompassing re-treatment protocols, combinations with other therapies and novel indications. Molecular imaging holds a potential added value in characterizing disease biology and heterogeneity using different radiopharmaceuticals (e.g., SST and FDG) and may provide predictive and prognostic parameters. Response assessment criteria are still an unmet need and new theranostic pairs showed preliminary encouraging results.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>PRRT for NET has become a paradigm of modern theranostics. PRRT holds a favorable toxicity profile, and it is associated with a prolonged time to progression, reduction of symptoms, and improved patients’ quality of life. In light of further optimization, different new strategies have been investigated, along with the development of new radiopharmaceuticals.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"2019 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140593093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01522-9
Kyle R. Noll, Mariana Bradshaw, David Sheppard, Jeffrey S. Wefel
Purpose of Review
This review provides a concise overview of the recent literature regarding preoperative and postoperative neurocognitive functioning (NCF) in patients with glioma. Brief discussion also covers contemporary intraoperative brain mapping work, with a focus on potential influence of mapping upon NCF outcomes following awake surgery.
Recent Findings
Most patients with glioma exhibit preoperative NCF impairment, with severity varying by germ line and tumoral genetics, tumor grade, and lesion location, among other characteristics. Literature regarding postoperative NCF changes is mixed, though numerous studies indicate a majority of patients exhibit immediate and short-term worsening. This is often followed by recovery over several months; however, a substantial portion of patients harbor persisting declines. Decline appears related to surgically-induced structural and functional brain alterations, both local and distal to the tumor and resection cavity. Importantly, NCF decline may be mitigated to some extent by intraoperative brain mapping, including mapping of both language-mediated and nonverbal functions.
Summary
Research regarding perioperative NCF in patients with glioma has flourished over recent years. While this has increased our understanding of contributors to NCF and risk of decline associated with surgical intervention, more work is needed to better preserve NCF throughout the disease course.
{"title":"Perioperative Neurocognitive Function in Glioma Surgery","authors":"Kyle R. Noll, Mariana Bradshaw, David Sheppard, Jeffrey S. Wefel","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01522-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01522-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review provides a concise overview of the recent literature regarding preoperative and postoperative neurocognitive functioning (NCF) in patients with glioma. Brief discussion also covers contemporary intraoperative brain mapping work, with a focus on potential influence of mapping upon NCF outcomes following awake surgery.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Most patients with glioma exhibit preoperative NCF impairment, with severity varying by germ line and tumoral genetics, tumor grade, and lesion location, among other characteristics. Literature regarding postoperative NCF changes is mixed, though numerous studies indicate a majority of patients exhibit immediate and short-term worsening. This is often followed by recovery over several months; however, a substantial portion of patients harbor persisting declines. Decline appears related to surgically-induced structural and functional brain alterations, both local and distal to the tumor and resection cavity. Importantly, NCF decline may be mitigated to some extent by intraoperative brain mapping, including mapping of both language-mediated and nonverbal functions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Research regarding perioperative NCF in patients with glioma has flourished over recent years. While this has increased our understanding of contributors to NCF and risk of decline associated with surgical intervention, more work is needed to better preserve NCF throughout the disease course.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01520-x
Shaun Trecarten, Bernard Fongang, Michael Liss
Purpose of Review
The role of the gut microbiome in prostate cancer is an emerging area of research interest. However, no single causative organism has yet been identified. The goal of this paper is to examine the role of the microbiome in prostate cancer and summarize the challenges relating to methodology in specimen collection, sequencing technology, and interpretation of results.
Recent Findings
Significant heterogeneity still exists in methodology for stool sampling/storage, preservative options, DNA extraction, and sequencing database selection/in silico processing. Debate persists over primer choice in amplicon sequencing as well as optimal methods for data normalization. Statistical methods for longitudinal microbiome analysis continue to undergo refinement.
Summary
While standardization of methodology may help yield more consistent results for organism identification in prostate cancer, this is a difficult task due to considerable procedural variation at each step in the process. Further reproducibility and methodology research is required.
{"title":"Current Trends and Challenges of Microbiome Research in Prostate Cancer","authors":"Shaun Trecarten, Bernard Fongang, Michael Liss","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01520-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01520-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>The role of the gut microbiome in prostate cancer is an emerging area of research interest. However, no single causative organism has yet been identified. The goal of this paper is to examine the role of the microbiome in prostate cancer and summarize the challenges relating to methodology in specimen collection, sequencing technology, and interpretation of results.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Significant heterogeneity still exists in methodology for stool sampling/storage, preservative options, DNA extraction, and sequencing database selection/in silico processing. Debate persists over primer choice in amplicon sequencing as well as optimal methods for data normalization. Statistical methods for longitudinal microbiome analysis continue to undergo refinement.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>While standardization of methodology may help yield more consistent results for organism identification in prostate cancer, this is a difficult task due to considerable procedural variation at each step in the process. Further reproducibility and methodology research is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140592779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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