首页 > 最新文献

Current Oncology Reports最新文献

英文 中文
From Detection to Cure - Emerging Roles for Urinary Tumor DNA (utDNA) in Bladder Cancer. 从检测到治愈--尿液肿瘤 DNA (utDNA) 在膀胱癌中的新作用。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01555-0
Joshua A Linscott, Hiroko Miyagi, Prithvi B Murthy, Sijie Yao, G Daniel Grass, Aram Vosoughi, Hongzhi Xu, Xuefeng Wang, Xiaoqing Yu, Alice Yu, Logan Zemp, Scott M Gilbert, Michael A Poch, Wade J Sexton, Philippe E Spiess, Roger Li

Purpose of review: This review sought to define the emerging roles of urinary tumor DNA (utDNA) for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of bladder cancer. Building from early landmark studies the focus is on recent studies, highlighting how utDNA could aid personalized care.

Recent findings: Recent research underscores the potential for utDNA to be the premiere biomarker in bladder cancer due to the constant interface between urine and tumor. Many studies find utDNA to be more informative than other biomarkers in bladder cancer, especially in early stages of disease. Points of emphasis include superior sensitivity over traditional urine cytology, broad genomic and epigenetic insights, and the potential for non-invasive, real-time analysis of tumor biology. utDNA shows promise for improving all phases of bladder cancer care, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies. Building from current research, future comprehensive clinical trials will validate utDNA's clinical utility, potentially revolutionizing bladder cancer management.

综述的目的:本综述旨在确定尿液肿瘤 DNA(utDNA)在诊断、监测和治疗膀胱癌方面的新作用。在早期标志性研究的基础上,重点关注近期的研究,突出utDNA如何帮助个性化治疗:最近的研究强调,由于尿液和肿瘤之间的持续接触,utDNA 有可能成为膀胱癌的首要生物标志物。许多研究发现,utDNA 比其他膀胱癌生物标记物更有参考价值,尤其是在疾病的早期阶段。utDNA有望改善膀胱癌治疗的各个阶段,为个性化治疗策略铺平道路。在目前研究的基础上,未来的综合临床试验将验证 utDNA 的临床实用性,从而有可能彻底改变膀胱癌的治疗方法。
{"title":"From Detection to Cure - Emerging Roles for Urinary Tumor DNA (utDNA) in Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Joshua A Linscott, Hiroko Miyagi, Prithvi B Murthy, Sijie Yao, G Daniel Grass, Aram Vosoughi, Hongzhi Xu, Xuefeng Wang, Xiaoqing Yu, Alice Yu, Logan Zemp, Scott M Gilbert, Michael A Poch, Wade J Sexton, Philippe E Spiess, Roger Li","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01555-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01555-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review sought to define the emerging roles of urinary tumor DNA (utDNA) for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of bladder cancer. Building from early landmark studies the focus is on recent studies, highlighting how utDNA could aid personalized care.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent research underscores the potential for utDNA to be the premiere biomarker in bladder cancer due to the constant interface between urine and tumor. Many studies find utDNA to be more informative than other biomarkers in bladder cancer, especially in early stages of disease. Points of emphasis include superior sensitivity over traditional urine cytology, broad genomic and epigenetic insights, and the potential for non-invasive, real-time analysis of tumor biology. utDNA shows promise for improving all phases of bladder cancer care, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies. Building from current research, future comprehensive clinical trials will validate utDNA's clinical utility, potentially revolutionizing bladder cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"945-958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multiple Options: How to Choose Therapy in Frontline Metastatic Melanoma. 多种选择:如何选择前线转移性黑色素瘤的治疗方法?
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01547-0
Lucy Boyce Kennedy, April K S Salama

Purpose of review: Given the rapid development of multiple targeted and immune therapies for patients with advanced melanoma, it can be challenging to select a therapy based on currently available data. This review aims to provide an overview of frontline options for metastatic melanoma, with practical guidance for selecting a treatment regimen.

Recent findings: Recently reported data from randomized trials suggests that the majority of patients with unresectable melanoma should receive a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor as part of their first line therapy, irrespective of BRAF mutation status. Additional data also suggests that combination immunotherapies result in improved outcomes compared to single agent, albeit at the cost of increased toxicity, though to date no biomarker exists to help guide treatment selection. As the number therapeutic options continue to grow for patients with advanced melanoma, there is likely to be a continued focus on combination strategies. Defining the optimal treatment approach in order to maximize efficacy while minimizing toxicity remains an area of active investigation.

综述的目的:鉴于针对晚期黑色素瘤患者的多种靶向和免疫疗法发展迅速,根据现有数据选择一种疗法可能具有挑战性。本综述旨在概述转移性黑色素瘤的一线治疗方案,为选择治疗方案提供实用指导:最近报道的随机试验数据表明,无论BRAF突变状态如何,大多数无法切除的黑色素瘤患者都应接受PD-1检查点抑制剂作为一线治疗的一部分。其他数据还表明,与单药相比,联合免疫疗法的疗效更好,但代价是毒性增加,尽管迄今为止还没有生物标志物来帮助指导治疗选择。随着晚期黑色素瘤患者可选治疗方案的不断增加,联合疗法可能会继续受到关注。确定最佳的治疗方法,以最大限度地提高疗效,同时最大限度地降低毒性,仍然是一个需要积极研究的领域。
{"title":"Multiple Options: How to Choose Therapy in Frontline Metastatic Melanoma.","authors":"Lucy Boyce Kennedy, April K S Salama","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01547-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01547-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Given the rapid development of multiple targeted and immune therapies for patients with advanced melanoma, it can be challenging to select a therapy based on currently available data. This review aims to provide an overview of frontline options for metastatic melanoma, with practical guidance for selecting a treatment regimen.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recently reported data from randomized trials suggests that the majority of patients with unresectable melanoma should receive a PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor as part of their first line therapy, irrespective of BRAF mutation status. Additional data also suggests that combination immunotherapies result in improved outcomes compared to single agent, albeit at the cost of increased toxicity, though to date no biomarker exists to help guide treatment selection. As the number therapeutic options continue to grow for patients with advanced melanoma, there is likely to be a continued focus on combination strategies. Defining the optimal treatment approach in order to maximize efficacy while minimizing toxicity remains an area of active investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"915-923"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening and Testing for Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency (HRD) in Breast Cancer: an Overview of the Current Global Landscape. 乳腺癌同源重组修复缺陷(HRD)的筛查和检测:全球现状概览。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01560-3
Gordon R Daly, Sindhuja Naidoo, Mohammad Alabdulrahman, Jason McGrath, Gavin P Dowling, Maen M AlRawashdeh, Arnold D K Hill, Damir Varešlija, Leonie Young

Purpose of review: Homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD) increases breast cancer susceptibility and influences both prophylactic and active management of breast cancer. This review evaluates HRD testing and the therapeutic implications of HRD in a global context.

Recent findings: Ongoing research efforts have highlighted the importance of HRD beyond BRCA1/2 as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, despite the improved affordability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the discovery of PARP inhibitors, economic and geographical barriers in access to HRD testing and breast cancer screening do not allow all patients to benefit from the personalized treatment approach they provide. Advancements in HRD testing modalities and targeted therapeutics enable tailored breast cancer management. However, inequalities in access to testing and optimized treatments are contributing to widening health disparities globally.

综述的目的:同源重组修复缺陷(HRD)会增加乳腺癌的易感性,并影响乳腺癌的预防和积极治疗。本综述评估了全球范围内的 HRD 检测和 HRD 的治疗意义:正在进行的研究工作凸显了除 BRCA1/2 之外,HRD 作为乳腺癌潜在治疗靶点的重要性。然而,尽管下一代测序技术(NGS)的经济性有所改善,而且发现了 PARP 抑制剂,但由于 HRD 检测和乳腺癌筛查方面的经济和地理障碍,并非所有患者都能从其提供的个性化治疗方法中获益。HRD 检测模式和靶向治疗方法的进步使乳腺癌的治疗变得量身定制。然而,在获得检测和优化治疗方面存在的不平等正在导致全球健康差距的扩大。
{"title":"Screening and Testing for Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency (HRD) in Breast Cancer: an Overview of the Current Global Landscape.","authors":"Gordon R Daly, Sindhuja Naidoo, Mohammad Alabdulrahman, Jason McGrath, Gavin P Dowling, Maen M AlRawashdeh, Arnold D K Hill, Damir Varešlija, Leonie Young","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01560-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01560-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD) increases breast cancer susceptibility and influences both prophylactic and active management of breast cancer. This review evaluates HRD testing and the therapeutic implications of HRD in a global context.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Ongoing research efforts have highlighted the importance of HRD beyond BRCA1/2 as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, despite the improved affordability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the discovery of PARP inhibitors, economic and geographical barriers in access to HRD testing and breast cancer screening do not allow all patients to benefit from the personalized treatment approach they provide. Advancements in HRD testing modalities and targeted therapeutics enable tailored breast cancer management. However, inequalities in access to testing and optimized treatments are contributing to widening health disparities globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"890-903"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141186237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prevention of Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome: A Review of Recent Literature on Perioperative Interventions. 预防乳房切除术后疼痛综合征:关于围手术期干预措施的最新文献综述。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01553-2
Rachel R Wu, Simon Katz, Jing Wang, Lisa V Doan

Purpose of review: Up to 60% of breast cancer patients continue to experience pain three months or more after surgery, with 15 to 25% reporting moderate to severe pain. Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) places a high burden on patients. We reviewed recent studies on perioperative interventions to prevent PMPS incidence and severity.

Recent findings: Recent studies on pharmacologic and regional anesthetic interventions were reviewed. Only nine of the twenty-three studies included reported a significant improvement in PMPS incidence and/or severity, sometimes with mixed results for similar interventions. Evidence for prevention of PMPS is mixed. Further investigation of impact of variations in dosing is warranted. In addition, promising newer interventions for prevention of PMPS such as cryoneurolysis of intercostal nerves and stellate ganglion block need confirmatory studies.

审查目的:多达 60% 的乳腺癌患者在术后三个月或更长时间内仍会感到疼痛,其中 15% 至 25% 的患者报告有中度至重度疼痛。乳房切除术后疼痛综合征(PMPS)给患者带来了沉重的负担。我们回顾了近期有关围手术期干预措施以预防 PMPS 发生率和严重程度的研究:我们回顾了近期关于药物和区域麻醉干预的研究。在纳入的 23 项研究中,仅有 9 项报告了 PMPS 发生率和/或严重程度的显著改善,有时类似干预措施的结果也不尽相同。预防 PMPS 的证据不一。有必要进一步研究剂量变化的影响。此外,用于预防 PMPS 的前景看好的新干预措施,如肋间神经冷冻神经溶解术和星状神经节阻滞术,也需要进行确证研究。
{"title":"Prevention of Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome: A Review of Recent Literature on Perioperative Interventions.","authors":"Rachel R Wu, Simon Katz, Jing Wang, Lisa V Doan","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01553-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01553-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Up to 60% of breast cancer patients continue to experience pain three months or more after surgery, with 15 to 25% reporting moderate to severe pain. Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) places a high burden on patients. We reviewed recent studies on perioperative interventions to prevent PMPS incidence and severity.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies on pharmacologic and regional anesthetic interventions were reviewed. Only nine of the twenty-three studies included reported a significant improvement in PMPS incidence and/or severity, sometimes with mixed results for similar interventions. Evidence for prevention of PMPS is mixed. Further investigation of impact of variations in dosing is warranted. In addition, promising newer interventions for prevention of PMPS such as cryoneurolysis of intercostal nerves and stellate ganglion block need confirmatory studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"865-879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Annual Symposium on Disparities in Milwaukee, WI, with a 2023 Focus on Older Adults with Cancer. 威斯康星州密尔沃基市差异问题年度研讨会,2023 年重点关注患癌症的老年人。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01525-6
Sailaja Kamaraju, June McKoy, Grant R Williams, Nikesha Gilmore, Christina Minami, Kathryn Bylow, Helena Rajalingam, Chandler S Cortina, Angela Beckert, Melinda Stolley, Dan Bullock, Razelle Kurzrock, Aminah Jatoi

Purpose of review: Cancer-related inequities are prevalent in Wisconsin, with lower survival rates for breast, colorectal, and lung cancer patients from marginalized communities. This manuscript describes the ongoing efforts at the Medical College of Wisconsin and potential pathways of community engagement to promote education and awareness in reducing inequities in cancer care.

Recent findings: While some cancer inequities are related to aggressive disease biology, health-related social risks may be addressed through community-academic partnerships via an open dialogue between the community members and academic faculty. To develop potential pathways of community-academic partnerships, an annual Cancer Disparities Symposium concept evolved as a pragmatic and sustainable model in an interactive learning environment. In this manuscript, we describe the programmatic development and execution of the annual Cancer Disparities Symposium, followed by highlights from this year's meeting focused on geriatric oncology as discussed by the speakers.

审查目的:在威斯康星州,与癌症相关的不公平现象十分普遍,来自边缘化社区的乳腺癌、结直肠癌和肺癌患者的存活率较低。本手稿介绍了威斯康星医学院正在开展的工作以及社区参与的潜在途径,以促进教育和提高认识,减少癌症治疗中的不公平现象:虽然一些癌症不平等与侵袭性疾病生物学有关,但与健康相关的社会风险可通过社区成员与学术教师之间的公开对话,通过社区-学术合作关系加以解决。为了开发社区-学术合作的潜在途径,一年一度的癌症差异研讨会概念逐渐发展成为互动学习环境中的一种务实、可持续的模式。在本手稿中,我们将介绍年度癌症差异研讨会的计划制定和执行情况,然后介绍今年会议的亮点,重点是老年肿瘤学,正如演讲者所讨论的那样。
{"title":"An Annual Symposium on Disparities in Milwaukee, WI, with a 2023 Focus on Older Adults with Cancer.","authors":"Sailaja Kamaraju, June McKoy, Grant R Williams, Nikesha Gilmore, Christina Minami, Kathryn Bylow, Helena Rajalingam, Chandler S Cortina, Angela Beckert, Melinda Stolley, Dan Bullock, Razelle Kurzrock, Aminah Jatoi","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01525-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01525-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Cancer-related inequities are prevalent in Wisconsin, with lower survival rates for breast, colorectal, and lung cancer patients from marginalized communities. This manuscript describes the ongoing efforts at the Medical College of Wisconsin and potential pathways of community engagement to promote education and awareness in reducing inequities in cancer care.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>While some cancer inequities are related to aggressive disease biology, health-related social risks may be addressed through community-academic partnerships via an open dialogue between the community members and academic faculty. To develop potential pathways of community-academic partnerships, an annual Cancer Disparities Symposium concept evolved as a pragmatic and sustainable model in an interactive learning environment. In this manuscript, we describe the programmatic development and execution of the annual Cancer Disparities Symposium, followed by highlights from this year's meeting focused on geriatric oncology as discussed by the speakers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"855-864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiation and Melanoma: Where Are We Now? 辐射与黑色素瘤:我们现在在哪里?
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01557-y
Roy Bliley, Adam Avant, Theresa M Medina, Ryan M Lanning

Purpose of review: This review summarizes the current role of radiotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma in the definitive, adjuvant, and palliative settings, and combinations with immunotherapy and targeted therapies.

Recent findings: Definitive radiotherapy may be considered for lentigo maligna if surgery would be disfiguring. High risk, resected melanoma may be treated with adjuvant radiotherapy, but the role is poorly defined since the advent of effective systemic therapies. For patients with metastatic disease, immunotherapy and targeted therapies can be delivered safely in tandem with radiotherapy to improve outcomes. Radiotherapy and modern systemic therapies act in concert to improve outcomes, especially in the metastatic setting. Further prospective data is needed to guide the use of definitive radiotherapy for lentigo maligna and adjuvant radiotherapy for high-risk melanoma in the immunotherapy era. Current evidence does not support an abscopal response or at least identify the conditions necessary to reliably produce one with combinations of radiation and immunotherapy.

综述的目的:本综述总结了目前放射治疗在皮肤黑色素瘤的根治性、辅助性和姑息性治疗中的作用,以及与免疫疗法和靶向疗法的结合:最新研究结果:如果手术会造成毁容,则可考虑对恶性白斑病进行最终放疗。高风险、已切除的黑色素瘤可采用辅助放疗,但自有效的全身疗法出现以来,这种疗法的作用尚不明确。对于转移性疾病患者,免疫疗法和靶向疗法可与放疗同时安全进行,以改善疗效。放疗与现代全身疗法的协同作用可提高疗效,尤其是在转移性疾病中。在免疫疗法时代,需要进一步的前瞻性数据来指导对恶性白斑的最终放疗和对高危黑色素瘤的辅助放疗。目前的证据并不支持腹水反应,或者至少不能确定在放射治疗和免疫治疗联合应用的情况下产生腹水反应的必要条件。
{"title":"Radiation and Melanoma: Where Are We Now?","authors":"Roy Bliley, Adam Avant, Theresa M Medina, Ryan M Lanning","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01557-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01557-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review summarizes the current role of radiotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma in the definitive, adjuvant, and palliative settings, and combinations with immunotherapy and targeted therapies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Definitive radiotherapy may be considered for lentigo maligna if surgery would be disfiguring. High risk, resected melanoma may be treated with adjuvant radiotherapy, but the role is poorly defined since the advent of effective systemic therapies. For patients with metastatic disease, immunotherapy and targeted therapies can be delivered safely in tandem with radiotherapy to improve outcomes. Radiotherapy and modern systemic therapies act in concert to improve outcomes, especially in the metastatic setting. Further prospective data is needed to guide the use of definitive radiotherapy for lentigo maligna and adjuvant radiotherapy for high-risk melanoma in the immunotherapy era. Current evidence does not support an abscopal response or at least identify the conditions necessary to reliably produce one with combinations of radiation and immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"904-914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141186316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of Circulating Tumor DNA to Guide Decision-making in Adjuvant Colon Cancer. 利用循环肿瘤 DNA 指导结肠癌辅助治疗决策。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01565-y
Zachary Gottschalk, Stacey A Cohen

Purpose of review: The use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays to guide clinical decision-making in early-stage colon cancer is an area of rapidly advancing active research. With assays clinically available, clinicians must be informed how to best use this novel tool to treat patients.

Recent findings: Recent observational and prospective studies have suggested that ctDNA has potential to guide clinical decision-making in early-stage colon cancer by detecting minimal residual disease (MRD) and predicting recurrence risks. MRD-negative patients may be able to de-escalate or forgo adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) without compromising disease-free survival or overall survival, while MRD-positive patients may benefit significantly from ACT. Recent and ongoing studies have given reason for optimism about the future of ctDNA as a useful biomarker for clinicians treating early-stage colon cancer. Data thus far are mostly limited to observational studies; inconsistent results highlight the need for caution. As more evidence emerges, ctDNA may become standard of care for colon cancer patients.

综述目的:使用循环肿瘤 DNA (ctDNA) 检测来指导早期结肠癌的临床决策是一个快速发展的活跃研究领域。随着检测方法在临床上的应用,临床医生必须了解如何更好地利用这一新型工具来治疗患者:最近的观察性和前瞻性研究表明,ctDNA 有可能通过检测最小残留病(MRD)和预测复发风险来指导早期结肠癌的临床决策。MRD阴性患者可以降低或放弃辅助化疗(ACT),而不会影响无病生存期或总生存期,而MRD阳性患者则可能从辅助化疗中获益匪浅。最近和正在进行的研究使人们有理由对ctDNA作为临床医生治疗早期结肠癌的有用生物标志物的前景持乐观态度。迄今为止的数据大多局限于观察性研究;不一致的结果凸显了谨慎的必要性。随着更多证据的出现,ctDNA 可能会成为结肠癌患者的标准治疗方法。
{"title":"Use of Circulating Tumor DNA to Guide Decision-making in Adjuvant Colon Cancer.","authors":"Zachary Gottschalk, Stacey A Cohen","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01565-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01565-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays to guide clinical decision-making in early-stage colon cancer is an area of rapidly advancing active research. With assays clinically available, clinicians must be informed how to best use this novel tool to treat patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent observational and prospective studies have suggested that ctDNA has potential to guide clinical decision-making in early-stage colon cancer by detecting minimal residual disease (MRD) and predicting recurrence risks. MRD-negative patients may be able to de-escalate or forgo adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) without compromising disease-free survival or overall survival, while MRD-positive patients may benefit significantly from ACT. Recent and ongoing studies have given reason for optimism about the future of ctDNA as a useful biomarker for clinicians treating early-stage colon cancer. Data thus far are mostly limited to observational studies; inconsistent results highlight the need for caution. As more evidence emerges, ctDNA may become standard of care for colon cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"959-966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunological Checkpoint Blockade in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Dramatic Responses Tempered By Frequent Resistance. 肛门鳞状细胞癌的免疫检查点阻断疗法:频繁的抗药性抑制了剧烈的反应
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01564-z
Thejus Jayakrishnan, Devvrat Yadav, Brandon M Huffman, James M Cleary

Purpose of review: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is an HPV-associated malignancy that has limited treatment options. Immunotherapy has expanded these options and here we review current and emerging immunotherapeutic approaches.

Recent findings: Multiple studies of single-agent anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy have demonstrated a modest response rate of approximately 10% to 15%. While a minority of patients (~5%) with SCCA experience durable complete responses, most advanced SCCAs are resistant to anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Given the need for more broadly effective immunotherapies, novel strategies, such as adaptive cell therapies and therapeutic vaccination, are being explored. To reduce the recurrence risk of localized high-risk SCCA, strategies combining immunotherapy with chemoradiation are also being investigated. While a small subset of patients with SCCA have prolonged responses to PD1-directed immunotherapy, the majority do not derive clinical benefit, and new immunotherapeutic strategies are needed. Better understanding of the immune microenvironment and predictive biomarkers could accelerate therapeutic advances.

综述目的:肛门鳞状细胞癌(SCCA)是一种与 HPV 相关的恶性肿瘤,其治疗方案有限。免疫疗法扩大了这些选择的范围,在此我们回顾了当前和新兴的免疫治疗方法:单药抗PD1/PD-L1免疫疗法的多项研究显示,反应率不高,约为10%至15%。虽然少数 SCCA 患者(约 5%)获得了持久的完全应答,但大多数晚期 SCCA 患者对抗 PD1/PD-L1 单药治疗产生了耐药性。鉴于需要更广泛有效的免疫疗法,目前正在探索适应性细胞疗法和治疗性疫苗接种等新策略。为了降低局部高危SCCA的复发风险,免疫疗法与化疗放疗相结合的策略也在研究之中。虽然一小部分 SCCA 患者对 PD1 引导的免疫疗法有长期反应,但大多数患者并没有获得临床获益,因此需要新的免疫治疗策略。更好地了解免疫微环境和预测性生物标志物可加快治疗进展。
{"title":"Immunological Checkpoint Blockade in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Dramatic Responses Tempered By Frequent Resistance.","authors":"Thejus Jayakrishnan, Devvrat Yadav, Brandon M Huffman, James M Cleary","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01564-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01564-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is an HPV-associated malignancy that has limited treatment options. Immunotherapy has expanded these options and here we review current and emerging immunotherapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Multiple studies of single-agent anti-PD1/PD-L1 immunotherapy have demonstrated a modest response rate of approximately 10% to 15%. While a minority of patients (~5%) with SCCA experience durable complete responses, most advanced SCCAs are resistant to anti-PD1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Given the need for more broadly effective immunotherapies, novel strategies, such as adaptive cell therapies and therapeutic vaccination, are being explored. To reduce the recurrence risk of localized high-risk SCCA, strategies combining immunotherapy with chemoradiation are also being investigated. While a small subset of patients with SCCA have prolonged responses to PD1-directed immunotherapy, the majority do not derive clinical benefit, and new immunotherapeutic strategies are needed. Better understanding of the immune microenvironment and predictive biomarkers could accelerate therapeutic advances.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"967-976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Management of Localized Melanoma in the Anti-PD-1 Era. 抗PD-1时代的局部黑色素瘤治疗。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01556-z
Elan Novis, Alexander C J van Akkooi

Purpose of review: The management of cutaneous melanoma has rapidly progressed over the past decade following the introduction of effective systemic therapies. Given the large number of recent clinical trials which have dramatically altered the management of these patients, an updated review of the current evidence regarding the management of localized melanoma is needed.

Recent findings: The role of effective systemic therapies in earlier stages (I-III) melanoma, both in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings is rapidly changing the role of surgery in the management cutaneous melanoma, particularly regarding surgical safety margins for wide local excision (WLE), the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and the extent of lymph node dissections. The randomized phase 2 SWOG1801 trial has demonstrated superiority of neoadjuvant-adjuvant anti-PD1 therapy in improving event-free survival by 23% at 2-years over adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy only. Furthermore, the PRADO trial has suggested a more tailored approach both the extent of surgery as well as adjuvant therapy can safely and effectively be done, depending on the response to initial neoadjuvant immunotherapy. These results await validation and it is expected that in 2024 the phase 3 Nadina trial (NCT04949113) will definitively establish neo-adjuvant combination immunotherapy as the novel standard. This will further redefine the management of localized melanoma. The use of effective systemic therapies will continue to evolve in the next decade and, together with new emerging diagnostic and surveillance techniques, will likely reduce the extent of routine surgery for stage I-III melanoma.

综述的目的:在过去十年中,随着有效的全身疗法的引入,皮肤黑色素瘤的治疗取得了快速进展。鉴于最近的大量临床试验极大地改变了这些患者的治疗方法,因此有必要对有关局部黑色素瘤治疗的现有证据进行最新回顾:在早期(I-III期)黑色素瘤的辅助治疗和新辅助治疗中,有效的全身疗法正在迅速改变外科手术在皮肤黑色素瘤治疗中的作用,尤其是在广泛局部切除术(WLE)的手术安全边缘、前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB)的作用以及淋巴结清扫的范围等方面。随机 2 期 SWOG1801 试验表明,与仅辅助抗 PD-1 治疗相比,新辅助-辅助抗 PD1 治疗可将 2 年无事件生存率提高 23%。此外,PRADO 试验还表明,可以根据患者对初始新辅助免疫疗法的反应,采取更有针对性的方法,安全有效地进行手术和辅助治疗。这些结果还有待验证,预计 2024 年进行的三期 Nadina 试验(NCT04949113)将最终确定新辅助联合免疫疗法为新标准。这将进一步重新定义局部黑色素瘤的治疗。在未来十年中,有效全身疗法的使用将继续发展,加上新出现的诊断和监测技术,将有可能减少 I-III 期黑色素瘤的常规手术范围。
{"title":"Management of Localized Melanoma in the Anti-PD-1 Era.","authors":"Elan Novis, Alexander C J van Akkooi","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01556-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01556-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The management of cutaneous melanoma has rapidly progressed over the past decade following the introduction of effective systemic therapies. Given the large number of recent clinical trials which have dramatically altered the management of these patients, an updated review of the current evidence regarding the management of localized melanoma is needed.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The role of effective systemic therapies in earlier stages (I-III) melanoma, both in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings is rapidly changing the role of surgery in the management cutaneous melanoma, particularly regarding surgical safety margins for wide local excision (WLE), the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and the extent of lymph node dissections. The randomized phase 2 SWOG1801 trial has demonstrated superiority of neoadjuvant-adjuvant anti-PD1 therapy in improving event-free survival by 23% at 2-years over adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy only. Furthermore, the PRADO trial has suggested a more tailored approach both the extent of surgery as well as adjuvant therapy can safely and effectively be done, depending on the response to initial neoadjuvant immunotherapy. These results await validation and it is expected that in 2024 the phase 3 Nadina trial (NCT04949113) will definitively establish neo-adjuvant combination immunotherapy as the novel standard. This will further redefine the management of localized melanoma. The use of effective systemic therapies will continue to evolve in the next decade and, together with new emerging diagnostic and surveillance techniques, will likely reduce the extent of routine surgery for stage I-III melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"924-933"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toxicities from BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: Strategies to Maximize Therapeutic Success. BRAF 和 MEK 抑制剂的毒性:最大限度提高治疗成功率的策略。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01544-3
Mike Wang, Ryan J Sullivan, Meghan J Mooradian

Purpose of review: This report highlights several of the recent therapeutic advancements in the treatment of BRAF-mutant tumors, discusses the most common adverse events observed with BRAF-targeted agents, and suggests strategies to manage and mitigate treatment-related toxicities.

Recent findings: BRAF and MEK inhibitors represent a significant advancement in the treatment of BRAF-mutated malignancies with data across tumor types demonstrating the anti-tumor efficacy of dual MAPK inhibition. Although these agents have a reasonable toxicity profile, variable side effects across organ systems can develop. The discovery of activating BRAF mutations and subsequent development of BRAF and MEK inhibitors has transformed the treatment algorithms of BRAF-mutant malignancies. With increased application of these targeted regimens, identification and prompt management of their unique adverse events are crucial.

综述目的:本报告重点介绍了治疗BRAF突变肿瘤的几项最新治疗进展,讨论了BRAF靶向药物最常见的不良反应,并提出了管理和减轻治疗相关毒性的策略:BRAF和MEK抑制剂是治疗BRAF突变恶性肿瘤的重大进展,各种肿瘤类型的数据都证明了MAPK双重抑制的抗肿瘤疗效。虽然这些药物具有合理的毒性,但在不同器官系统中会产生不同的副作用。活化 BRAF 突变的发现以及随后 BRAF 和 MEK 抑制剂的开发改变了 BRAF 突变恶性肿瘤的治疗算法。随着这些靶向治疗方案应用的增加,识别并及时处理其独特的不良反应至关重要。
{"title":"Toxicities from BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: Strategies to Maximize Therapeutic Success.","authors":"Mike Wang, Ryan J Sullivan, Meghan J Mooradian","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01544-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01544-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This report highlights several of the recent therapeutic advancements in the treatment of BRAF-mutant tumors, discusses the most common adverse events observed with BRAF-targeted agents, and suggests strategies to manage and mitigate treatment-related toxicities.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>BRAF and MEK inhibitors represent a significant advancement in the treatment of BRAF-mutated malignancies with data across tumor types demonstrating the anti-tumor efficacy of dual MAPK inhibition. Although these agents have a reasonable toxicity profile, variable side effects across organ systems can develop. The discovery of activating BRAF mutations and subsequent development of BRAF and MEK inhibitors has transformed the treatment algorithms of BRAF-mutant malignancies. With increased application of these targeted regimens, identification and prompt management of their unique adverse events are crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"934-944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Current Oncology Reports
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1