Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01515-8
Alexander J Grosinger, Sara R Alcorn
Purpose of review: Increasing life expectancy among patients with advanced cancer has placed a greater emphasis on optimizing pain control and quality of life. Concurrently, significant advancements in radiotherapy for bone metastases have permitted for dose escalation strategies such as stereotactic radiotherapy. This review aims to provide updated information on the management of bone metastases in light of these developments.
Recent findings: We reviewed recent studies regarding the role and details of external beam radiotherapy for bone metastases, with emphasis on differences by treatment site as well as intention (palliative versus ablative for oligometastases). Conventional palliative radiotherapy remains a mainstay of management. While stereotactic radiotherapy may augment durability of pain relief and even survival time, there are significant questions remaining regarding optimal dosing and patient selection. Radiotherapy for bone metastases continues to evolve, particularly with increasing use of stereotactic radiotherapy. Future studies are needed to clarify optimal dose, fractionation, modality, and patient selection criteria among different radiotherapy approaches.
{"title":"An Update on the Management of Bone Metastases.","authors":"Alexander J Grosinger, Sara R Alcorn","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01515-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01515-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Increasing life expectancy among patients with advanced cancer has placed a greater emphasis on optimizing pain control and quality of life. Concurrently, significant advancements in radiotherapy for bone metastases have permitted for dose escalation strategies such as stereotactic radiotherapy. This review aims to provide updated information on the management of bone metastases in light of these developments.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>We reviewed recent studies regarding the role and details of external beam radiotherapy for bone metastases, with emphasis on differences by treatment site as well as intention (palliative versus ablative for oligometastases). Conventional palliative radiotherapy remains a mainstay of management. While stereotactic radiotherapy may augment durability of pain relief and even survival time, there are significant questions remaining regarding optimal dosing and patient selection. Radiotherapy for bone metastases continues to evolve, particularly with increasing use of stereotactic radiotherapy. Future studies are needed to clarify optimal dose, fractionation, modality, and patient selection criteria among different radiotherapy approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-02-23DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01501-0
Ilana Schlam, Joshua Dower, Filipa Lynce
Purpose of review: To summarize the treatment strategies for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive disease and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who have residual disease after preoperative systemic therapy.
Recent findings: There has been a shift towards neoadjuvant systemic therapy for selected patients with HER2-positive and TNBC. Assessing the tumor's response to therapy provides prognostic information and allows individualization of the postoperative treatment for these patients based on the tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy. Patients with TNBC with residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy can be treated with pembrolizumab, capecitabine, or olaparib. Those with HER2-positive disease are treated with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine. The treatment of early breast cancer has evolved significantly, and patient outcomes continue to improve. As better treatments are developed, we will need biomarkers to determine which patients may benefit from certain therapies to continue to improve outcomes by right-sizing treatments and limiting toxicities.
{"title":"Addressing Residual Disease in HER2-Positive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: What Is Next?","authors":"Ilana Schlam, Joshua Dower, Filipa Lynce","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01501-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01501-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To summarize the treatment strategies for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive disease and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who have residual disease after preoperative systemic therapy.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>There has been a shift towards neoadjuvant systemic therapy for selected patients with HER2-positive and TNBC. Assessing the tumor's response to therapy provides prognostic information and allows individualization of the postoperative treatment for these patients based on the tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy. Patients with TNBC with residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy can be treated with pembrolizumab, capecitabine, or olaparib. Those with HER2-positive disease are treated with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine. The treatment of early breast cancer has evolved significantly, and patient outcomes continue to improve. As better treatments are developed, we will need biomarkers to determine which patients may benefit from certain therapies to continue to improve outcomes by right-sizing treatments and limiting toxicities.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-03-02DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01511-y
Bartosz Małkiewicz, Gabriela Świrkosz, Wojciech Lewandowski, Katarzyna Demska, Zuzanna Szczepaniak, Jakub Karwacki, Wojciech Krajewski, Tomasz Szydełko
Purpose of review: This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving role of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in the management of testicular cancer (TC). It explores the significance of RPLND as both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, highlighting its contribution to accurate staging, its impact on oncological outcomes, and its influence on subsequent treatment decisions.
Recent findings: RPLND serves as an essential diagnostic procedure, aiding in the precise assessment of lymph node involvement and guiding personalized treatment strategies. It has demonstrated therapeutic value, particularly in patients with specific risk factors and disease stages, contributing to improved oncological outcomes and survival rates. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of meticulous patient selection and nerve-sparing techniques to mitigate complications while optimizing outcomes. Additionally, modern imaging and surgical approaches have expanded the potential applications of RPLND. In the context of TC management, RPLND remains a valuable and evolving tool. Its dual role in staging and therapy underscores its relevance in contemporary urological practice. This review highlights the critical role of RPLND in enhancing patient care and shaping treatment strategies, emphasizing the need for further research to refine patient selection and surgical techniques.
{"title":"Lymph Node Dissection in Testicular Cancer: The State of the Art and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Bartosz Małkiewicz, Gabriela Świrkosz, Wojciech Lewandowski, Katarzyna Demska, Zuzanna Szczepaniak, Jakub Karwacki, Wojciech Krajewski, Tomasz Szydełko","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01511-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01511-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving role of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in the management of testicular cancer (TC). It explores the significance of RPLND as both a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, highlighting its contribution to accurate staging, its impact on oncological outcomes, and its influence on subsequent treatment decisions.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>RPLND serves as an essential diagnostic procedure, aiding in the precise assessment of lymph node involvement and guiding personalized treatment strategies. It has demonstrated therapeutic value, particularly in patients with specific risk factors and disease stages, contributing to improved oncological outcomes and survival rates. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of meticulous patient selection and nerve-sparing techniques to mitigate complications while optimizing outcomes. Additionally, modern imaging and surgical approaches have expanded the potential applications of RPLND. In the context of TC management, RPLND remains a valuable and evolving tool. Its dual role in staging and therapy underscores its relevance in contemporary urological practice. This review highlights the critical role of RPLND in enhancing patient care and shaping treatment strategies, emphasizing the need for further research to refine patient selection and surgical techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose of review: This review describes the most relevant studies found in the scientific literature regarding metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) in the geriatric oncology population to support its use as a feasible treatment of care in the frail elderly patients.
Recent findings: Recent years have seen a reevaluation of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs and MCT is an emerging schedule in phase II and III clinical trials. Ageing is one of the risk factors for the development of cancer, the incidence of whom increases dramatically in people who live longer. To date, standard oncological protocols involve chemotherapeutic drugs in short cycles of therapy at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Although these therapeutic regimens may be successful, they can cause important adverse drug reactions, especially in elderly or frail patients. MCT is a different modality of delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs (frequent low dose for prolonged time) and it looks at the overcoming of the limitations and disadvantages of MTD, in particular the toxicity aspect. We reviewed the experience of clinicians who have used MCT in clinical trials enrolling elderly patients with different cancer types.
{"title":"Metronomic Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients.","authors":"Arianna Bandini, Pasquale Fabio Calabrò, Marta Banchi, Paola Orlandi, Guido Bocci","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01505-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01505-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review describes the most relevant studies found in the scientific literature regarding metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) in the geriatric oncology population to support its use as a feasible treatment of care in the frail elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent years have seen a reevaluation of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs and MCT is an emerging schedule in phase II and III clinical trials. Ageing is one of the risk factors for the development of cancer, the incidence of whom increases dramatically in people who live longer. To date, standard oncological protocols involve chemotherapeutic drugs in short cycles of therapy at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Although these therapeutic regimens may be successful, they can cause important adverse drug reactions, especially in elderly or frail patients. MCT is a different modality of delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs (frequent low dose for prolonged time) and it looks at the overcoming of the limitations and disadvantages of MTD, in particular the toxicity aspect. We reviewed the experience of clinicians who have used MCT in clinical trials enrolling elderly patients with different cancer types.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-02-21DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01510-z
Chulkue Pak, Shinkyo Yoon, Jae Lyun Lee, Tak Yun, Inkeun Park
Purpose of review: To provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and developments in the treatment options for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), focusing on the strategies utilized for advanced disease.
Recent findings: Research has delved into the genomic landscape of ACC, revealing potential targets for therapy. Despite the failure of inhibitors aimed at the insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1) receptor, other approaches, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEFGR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, are being investigated. There are also ongoing trials of combination treatments such as lenvatinib with pembrolizumab and cabozantinib with atezolizumab. ACC remains a challenging malignancy with limited effective treatment options. Although EDP-M stands as the frontline treatment, the search for effective second-line therapies is ongoing. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies, especially in combination regimens, are demonstrating potential and are the subject of continued research. The evolving genomic landscape emphasizes the significance of targeted therapies and the need for further in-depth studies to solidify effective treatment regimens for ACC.
{"title":"Current Status and Future Direction in the Treatment of Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma.","authors":"Chulkue Pak, Shinkyo Yoon, Jae Lyun Lee, Tak Yun, Inkeun Park","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01510-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01510-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and developments in the treatment options for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), focusing on the strategies utilized for advanced disease.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Research has delved into the genomic landscape of ACC, revealing potential targets for therapy. Despite the failure of inhibitors aimed at the insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1) receptor, other approaches, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEFGR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, are being investigated. There are also ongoing trials of combination treatments such as lenvatinib with pembrolizumab and cabozantinib with atezolizumab. ACC remains a challenging malignancy with limited effective treatment options. Although EDP-M stands as the frontline treatment, the search for effective second-line therapies is ongoing. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies, especially in combination regimens, are demonstrating potential and are the subject of continued research. The evolving genomic landscape emphasizes the significance of targeted therapies and the need for further in-depth studies to solidify effective treatment regimens for ACC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01513-w
Curtis Hanba, Ehab Hanna
Purpose of review: To highlight recent and relevant treatment considerations while managing mucosal melanoma.
Recent findings: Evidence is building to support the use of targeted therapy and immunotherapy while managing mucosal melanoma. Surgical resection with postoperative radiotherapy plays a major role in managing resectable disease. Recent studies evaluate the addition of targeted, and immunotherapies with an attempt to determine the most efficacious sequence of treatment.
{"title":"Head and Neck Mucosal Melanoma: Where Are We Now?","authors":"Curtis Hanba, Ehab Hanna","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01513-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01513-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To highlight recent and relevant treatment considerations while managing mucosal melanoma.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Evidence is building to support the use of targeted therapy and immunotherapy while managing mucosal melanoma. Surgical resection with postoperative radiotherapy plays a major role in managing resectable disease. Recent studies evaluate the addition of targeted, and immunotherapies with an attempt to determine the most efficacious sequence of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01519-4
Allison R. Valerius, Lauren M. Webb, Ugur Sener
Purpose of Review
The purpose of this review is to discuss a wide variety of novel therapies recently studied or actively undergoing study in patients with glioblastoma. This review also discusses current and future strategies for improving clinical trial design in patients with glioblastoma to maximize efficacy in discovering effective treatments.
Recent Findings
Over the years, there has been significant expansion in therapy modalities studied in patients with glioblastoma. These therapies include, but are not limited to, targeted molecular therapies, DNA repair pathway targeted therapies, immunotherapies, vaccine therapies, and surgically targeted radiotherapies.
Summary
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults and unfortunately remains with poor overall survival following the current standard of care. Given the dismal prognosis, significant clinical and research efforts are ongoing with the goal of improving patient outcomes and enhancing quality and quantity of life utilizing a wide variety of novel therapies.
{"title":"Novel Clinical Trials and Approaches in the Management of Glioblastoma","authors":"Allison R. Valerius, Lauren M. Webb, Ugur Sener","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01519-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01519-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>The purpose of this review is to discuss a wide variety of novel therapies recently studied or actively undergoing study in patients with glioblastoma. This review also discusses current and future strategies for improving clinical trial design in patients with glioblastoma to maximize efficacy in discovering effective treatments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Over the years, there has been significant expansion in therapy modalities studied in patients with glioblastoma. These therapies include, but are not limited to, targeted molecular therapies, DNA repair pathway targeted therapies, immunotherapies, vaccine therapies, and surgically targeted radiotherapies.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults and unfortunately remains with poor overall survival following the current standard of care. Given the dismal prognosis, significant clinical and research efforts are ongoing with the goal of improving patient outcomes and enhancing quality and quantity of life utilizing a wide variety of novel therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140314820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01518-5
Susell Parra-Rojas, Rocío Trinidad Velázquez-Cayón, Acorán Borges-Gil, Juan Luis Mejías-Torrus, Juliana Cassol-Spanemberg
Purpose of Review
It is recognized that patients undergoing cancer treatment experience different adverse effects depending on the type of therapy they received. The objective of this work is to provide a scientific evidence-based protocol for oral care in cancer patients. Cancer resection surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy can cause important complications that impact patients’ quality of life.
Recent Findings
Cancer patients, from the moment of diagnosis to the end of treatment and subsequent follow-up, have diverse care needs, both from a systemic and local point of view. The implementation of oral care protocols before, during, and after cancer therapy is essential because it helps to identify risk factors for the development of predictable oral complications.
Summary
It is essential to establish that all cancer patients, before starting treatment, undergo a systematic dental check-up to avoid limitations during treatment and also alter their quality of life. Regular professional oral care maintenance and follow-up programs are essential to maintaining a patient’s long-term oral health.
{"title":"Oral Complications and Management Strategies for Cancer Patients: Principles of Supportive Oncology in Dentistry","authors":"Susell Parra-Rojas, Rocío Trinidad Velázquez-Cayón, Acorán Borges-Gil, Juan Luis Mejías-Torrus, Juliana Cassol-Spanemberg","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01518-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01518-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>It is recognized that patients undergoing cancer treatment experience different adverse effects depending on the type of therapy they received. The objective of this work is to provide a scientific evidence-based protocol for oral care in cancer patients. Cancer resection surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy can cause important complications that impact patients’ quality of life.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Cancer patients, from the moment of diagnosis to the end of treatment and subsequent follow-up, have diverse care needs, both from a systemic and local point of view. The implementation of oral care protocols before, during, and after cancer therapy is essential because it helps to identify risk factors for the development of predictable oral complications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>It is essential to establish that all cancer patients, before starting treatment, undergo a systematic dental check-up to avoid limitations during treatment and also alter their quality of life. Regular professional oral care maintenance and follow-up programs are essential to maintaining a patient’s long-term oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01503-y
Michael Wysota, Marina Konopleva, Shane Mitchell
Purpose of Review
This review seeks to identify and describe novel genetic and protein targets and their associated therapeutics currently being used or studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Recent Findings
Over the course of the last 5–6 years, several targeted therapies have been approved by the FDA, for the treatment of both newly diagnosed as well as relapsed/refractory AML. These novel therapeutics, as well as several others currently under investigation, have demonstrated activity in AML and have improved outcomes for many patients.
Summary
Patient outcomes in AML have slowly improved over time, though for many patients, particularly elderly patients or those with relapsed/refractory disease, mortality remains very high. With the identification of several molecular/genetic drivers and protein targets and development of therapeutics which leverage those mechanisms to target leukemic cells, outcomes for patients with AML have improved and continue to improve significantly.
{"title":"Novel Therapeutic Targets in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)","authors":"Michael Wysota, Marina Konopleva, Shane Mitchell","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01503-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-024-01503-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>This review seeks to identify and describe novel genetic and protein targets and their associated therapeutics currently being used or studied in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Over the course of the last 5–6 years, several targeted therapies have been approved by the FDA, for the treatment of both newly diagnosed as well as relapsed/refractory AML. These novel therapeutics, as well as several others currently under investigation, have demonstrated activity in AML and have improved outcomes for many patients.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Patient outcomes in AML have slowly improved over time, though for many patients, particularly elderly patients or those with relapsed/refractory disease, mortality remains very high. With the identification of several molecular/genetic drivers and protein targets and development of therapeutics which leverage those mechanisms to target leukemic cells, outcomes for patients with AML have improved and continue to improve significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01512-x
Daniel Sentana-Lledo, Alicia K Morgans
Purpose of review: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of non-cancer mortality in men with prostate cancer. This review summarizes the existing and emerging literature examining the cardiometabolic effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer.
Recent findings: The evidence behind the metabolic effects of ADT is derived from older studies and has not been validated in modern cohorts. Most of the newer studies focus on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with ADT. Recently published studies like the HERO and PRONOUNCE trials have once again sparked debate about the effects of different types and durations of ADT on cardiovascular outcomes. The link between ADT and CVD is inherently complex with a majority of the evidence collected from population-based or non-randomized trials without enriching for high-risk populations. Ongoing clinical trials may provide more informative data to guide the cardiovascular care of prostate cancer survivors.
{"title":"Perspectives on the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Daniel Sentana-Lledo, Alicia K Morgans","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01512-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01512-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of non-cancer mortality in men with prostate cancer. This review summarizes the existing and emerging literature examining the cardiometabolic effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The evidence behind the metabolic effects of ADT is derived from older studies and has not been validated in modern cohorts. Most of the newer studies focus on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with ADT. Recently published studies like the HERO and PRONOUNCE trials have once again sparked debate about the effects of different types and durations of ADT on cardiovascular outcomes. The link between ADT and CVD is inherently complex with a majority of the evidence collected from population-based or non-randomized trials without enriching for high-risk populations. Ongoing clinical trials may provide more informative data to guide the cardiovascular care of prostate cancer survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}