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First-Line Therapy in Metastatic, RAS Wild-Type, Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer: Should Everyone Receive Anti-EGFR Therapy? 转移性 RAS 野生型左侧结直肠癌的一线疗法:是否每个人都应接受抗 EGFR 治疗?
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01601-x
Marco Airoldi, Michela Bartolini, Roberta Fazio, Sara Farinatti, Valentina Daprà, Armando Santoro, Alberto Puccini

Purpose of review: This narrative review explores the efficacy and applicability of anti-EGFR therapy as the first-line treatment for patients with RAS wild-type (WT) left-sided metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). It critically examines current guidelines, along with recent evidence in the literature, to assess whether it should be universally applied.

Recent findings: Recent evidences highlight the variability of the response to anti-EGFR therapies due to molecular diversity and several clinical factors, such as RAS mutational status and primary tumor location. Anti-EGFR plus chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for most patients with MSS, RAS-WT, left-sided mCRC. Whether this combination is the best treatment for these patients remains an open question. This review delves into the role of EGFR inhibition in mCRC, focusing on clinical factors and the knowledge of biology, molecular targets, and biomarkers. It underscores the crucial role of a personalized approach, empowering healthcare providers and equipping them with the confidence to make informed decisions.

综述目的:这篇叙述性综述探讨了抗EGFR疗法作为RAS野生型(WT)左侧转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)患者一线治疗的疗效和适用性。本研究对现行指南以及最新文献证据进行了严格审查,以评估是否应普遍应用该指南:最近的研究结果:最近的证据突出表明,由于分子多样性和一些临床因素(如 RAS 突变状态和原发肿瘤位置),抗 EGFR 疗法的反应存在差异。抗EGFR加化疗是大多数MSS、RAS-WT、左侧mCRC患者的标准一线治疗方法。这种联合疗法是否是这些患者的最佳治疗方法仍是一个未决问题。本综述深入探讨了表皮生长因子受体抑制剂在 mCRC 中的作用,重点关注临床因素以及生物学、分子靶点和生物标志物方面的知识。它强调了个性化方法的关键作用,赋予医疗服务提供者权力,使他们有信心做出明智的决定。
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引用次数: 0
Liver Cancer Etiology: Old Issues and New Perspectives. 肝癌病因学:老问题与新视角。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01605-7
Jian-Guo Chen, Yong-Hui Zhang, Jian-Hua Lu, Thomas W Kensler

Purpose of review: This review aims to synthesize the old issues and current understandings of the etiology of liver cancer, focusing on the diverse causative factors influenced by geographical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variations across different regions.

Recent findings: We highlight significant geographic disparities in liver cancer risk factors. While hepatitis B and C viruses, aflatoxin exposure, and alcohol consumption remain globally established contributors; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic syndromes are increasingly prominent in the West. Chronic HBV and aflatoxin continue to dominate as risk factors in Asia and Africa. Dietary factors, metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity, genetic predispositions, environmental risk factors and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol use play substantial roles in specific populations. Protective factors like coffee and tea consumption, along with aspirin use, vegetables and fruits have shown potential in reducing HCC risk, although findings vary by population and dietary habits. Liver cancer etiology is influenced by various factors that differ by region. Established risk factors include hepatitis B and C, aflatoxin, and alcohol. Emerging risks, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, are more prevalent in Western countries, while aflatoxin and HBV remains significant in Asia and Africa. Diet, metabolic conditions like diabetes and obesity, genetic predispositions, and lifestyle choices also play crucial roles. Coffee, tea, aspirin, vegetables, and fruits may reduce HCC risk, but effectiveness varies. Future research should integrate epidemiology, genetics, and nutrition, with global cooperation and data sharing essential for effective cancer control strategies.

综述目的:本综述旨在总结肝癌病因学的老问题和当前认识,重点关注不同地区受地理、社会经济和生活方式差异影响的各种致病因素:我们强调了肝癌风险因素在地域上的显著差异。虽然乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒、黄曲霉毒素暴露和饮酒仍是全球公认的致病因素,但代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病和代谢综合征在西方日益突出。慢性乙型肝炎病毒和黄曲霉毒素仍然是亚洲和非洲的主要风险因素。饮食因素、糖尿病和肥胖等代谢性疾病、遗传倾向、环境风险因素以及吸烟和饮酒等生活方式选择在特定人群中发挥着重要作用。饮用咖啡和茶以及服用阿司匹林、食用蔬菜和水果等保护性因素已显示出降低 HCC 风险的潜力,但不同人群和饮食习惯的研究结果各不相同。肝癌的病因受各种因素的影响,而这些因素又因地区而异。已确定的风险因素包括乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎、黄曲霉毒素和酒精。新出现的风险,如代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝,在西方国家更为普遍,而黄曲霉毒素和乙型肝炎病毒在亚洲和非洲仍然很重要。饮食、糖尿病和肥胖等新陈代谢疾病、遗传倾向和生活方式的选择也起着至关重要的作用。咖啡、茶、阿司匹林、蔬菜和水果可降低 HCC 风险,但效果各异。未来的研究应整合流行病学、遗传学和营养学,全球合作和数据共享对于有效的癌症控制策略至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbs for Breast Cancer Prevention and Survival: A Narrative Review of Epidemiological Studies from Taiwan. 中药对乳腺癌预防和生存的作用:台湾流行病学研究综述》(Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbs for Breast Cancer Prevention and Survival: A Narrative Review of Epidemiological Studies from Taiwan)。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01595-6
Yen-Nien Hou, Susan Chimonas, Prusha Patel, Elizabeth D Kantor, Tiffany A Traina, Hung-Rong Yen, Jun J Mao

Purpose of review: This review aims to describe the association of integrating traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs into conventional medicine (CM) in preventing breast cancer and improving survival rates among breast cancer patients of Taiwan.

Recent findings: Of 7 relevant studies, spanning 2014-2023, 4 investigated breast cancer risk in women with menopausal symptoms and other comorbidities. All 4 reported that TCM herbal use was associated with lower risks of developing breast cancer. Three studies investigated survival in newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients receiving CM. All reported that adjunctive TCM users had lower mortality rates than CM-only patients. However, the heterogeneity of study designs, populations, and interventions may limit the generalizability and robustness of the findings. TCM herbs may promote breast cancer prevention and survival when used alongside CM. More rigorous observational research and clinical trials in specific patient populations are needed to guide clinical decision-making.

综述目的:本综述旨在描述将传统中医草药融入传统医学在预防乳腺癌和提高台湾乳腺癌患者存活率方面的关联:在 2014-2023 年的 7 项相关研究中,有 4 项研究调查了有更年期症状和其他合并症的女性患乳腺癌的风险。所有 4 项研究均报告称,使用中草药与乳腺癌发病风险降低有关。三项研究调查了接受中医治疗的新诊断乳腺癌患者的生存情况。所有研究都报告称,与只接受中药治疗的患者相比,辅助中药使用者的死亡率较低。然而,研究设计、人群和干预措施的异质性可能会限制研究结果的普遍性和稳健性。中药与中药并用可促进乳腺癌的预防和生存。需要对特定患者群体进行更严格的观察研究和临床试验,以指导临床决策。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Testing in Gliomas: What is Necessary in Routine Clinical Practice? 胶质瘤的分子检测:常规临床实践中需要什么?
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01602-w
Iyad Alnahhas

Purpose of review: A number of molecular characteristics are essential for accurate diagnosis and prognostication in glioma.

Recent findings: The 2021 WHO classification of brain tumors and recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pathology agnostic drug approvals highlight the importance of molecular testing in the management of glioma. For diffuse gliomas, it is important to identify IDH mutations, given the favorable clinical behavior and potential for using FDA approved IDH inhibitors in the near future. MGMT promoter methylation testing is the most established molecular marker for response to temozolomide in IDH wild-type glioblastoma and in turn impacts overall survival. Moreover, identification of certain mutations and molecular markers, such as BRAF V600E, hypermutation or elevated tumor-mutational burden and NTRK fusions allow for the use of FDA approved agents that are tumor-agnostic. Finally, molecular testing opens options for clinical trials that are essential for diseases with limited treatment options like gliomas.

综述的目的:一些分子特征对于胶质瘤的准确诊断和预后至关重要:2021年世界卫生组织对脑肿瘤的分类以及最近美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)对病理不可知药物的批准,凸显了分子检测在胶质瘤治疗中的重要性。对于弥漫性胶质瘤,鉴于其良好的临床表现以及在不久的将来使用美国食品与药物管理局(FDA)批准的IDH抑制剂的可能性,鉴别IDH突变非常重要。MGMT 启动子甲基化检测是 IDH 野生型胶质母细胞瘤对替莫唑胺反应的最可靠分子标志物,进而影响总生存率。此外,对某些突变和分子标记的鉴定,如 BRAF V600E、高突变或肿瘤突变负荷升高以及 NTRK 融合,可以使用 FDA 批准的具有肿瘤诊断功能的药物。最后,分子检测为临床试验提供了选择,这对治疗方案有限的疾病(如胶质瘤)至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Uterine-Conserving Treatment Options for Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia and Early Endometrial Cancer. 非典型子宫内膜增生症和早期子宫内膜癌的保宫治疗方案。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01603-9
Naomi N Adjei, Mikayla Borthwick Bowen, Roni Nitecki Wilke, Melinda S Yates, Shannon N Westin

Purpose of review: This review aims to synthesize available literature on uterine-conserving treatment options for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and grade 1 endometrial carcinoma while highlighting remaining unanswered questions.

Recent findings: The need for uterine-conserving treatment options for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and grade 1 endometrial carcinoma is growing with the increasing number of cases in younger patients or those who cannot undergo surgery. We reviewed the oncological and reproductive outcomes associated with endocrine therapies used for atypical endometrial hyperplasia and grade 1 endometrial carcinoma. The rising prevalence of delayed childbearing, obesity, and diabetes in reproductive-age individuals and of medical comorbidities associated with high surgical risk continues to amplify the demand for uterine-conserving therapies. Appropriate patient selection for such therapies is imperative to maximize likelihood of treatment response. The ideal candidates are patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia or early-stage, low-grade endometrial cancer with no evidence of myometrial invasion or extrauterine disease. The most accepted conservative therapeutic approach is hormonal therapy with close surveillance, with or without eventual hysterectomy following childbearing or failure of treatment. Further prospective and randomized trials are needed to address optimal patient and treatment selection, as well as the use of molecular profiling for treatment individualization and prognostication.

综述目的:本综述旨在综述有关非典型子宫内膜增生症和1级子宫内膜癌的保宫治疗方案的现有文献,同时强调尚未解答的问题:随着年轻患者或无法接受手术治疗的患者人数不断增加,对非典型子宫内膜增生症和1级子宫内膜癌的保宫治疗方案的需求也在不断增长。我们回顾了与治疗非典型子宫内膜增生和 1 级子宫内膜癌的内分泌疗法相关的肿瘤和生殖结局。育龄人群中推迟生育、肥胖和糖尿病的发病率以及与高手术风险相关的内科合并症的发病率不断上升,继续扩大了对保全子宫疗法的需求。为了最大限度地提高治疗效果,必须为此类疗法选择合适的患者。非典型子宫内膜增生或早期低级别子宫内膜癌患者,且无子宫肌层受侵或宫外疾病的证据,是理想的候选者。目前最被接受的保守治疗方法是激素治疗和严密监测,在生育或治疗失败后可进行或不进行子宫切除术。需要进一步开展前瞻性和随机试验,以确定最佳患者和治疗方法的选择,并利用分子图谱进行个体化治疗和预后分析。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing Care: Integrative Oncology in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm. 优化护理:骨髓增生性肿瘤的综合肿瘤学。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01568-9
Shagun Singh, Supriya Peshin, Ashley Larsen, Krisstina Gowin

Purpose of review: Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) burdens the lives of those affected. MPN patients endure significant impacts on their physical, psychological, and social well-being. While pharmacological interventions offer some disease and symptom control, they often have unfavorable side effects. This review explores the potential of Integrative Oncology (IO) therapies in managing MPNs and their associated symptoms.

Recent findings: IO is dedicated to augmenting conventional treatments through integrating interventions targeting the mind, body, nutrition, supplements, and other supportive care therapies. Several small studies suggest the benefit of an IO approach in MPN patients. These benefits are postulated to be modulated through enhanced physical capacity, reduced disease-related inflammation, subconscious mind training, and gut microbiome modulation. By combining IO with evidence-based pharmacological treatments, the potential exists to enhance the quality of life and clinical outcomes for individuals with MPNs. Future research should prioritize well-powered studies, including diverse demographics and symptom profiles, with appropriate study duration, to draw definite conclusions regarding the observed effects.

审查目的:骨髓增生性肿瘤(MPN)给患者的生活带来沉重负担。骨髓增生性肿瘤患者的身体、心理和社会福祉都受到严重影响。虽然药物干预能在一定程度上控制疾病和症状,但往往会产生不良副作用。本综述探讨了肿瘤综合疗法(IO)在控制 MPN 及其相关症状方面的潜力:中西医结合疗法致力于通过整合针对精神、身体、营养、补充剂和其他支持性护理疗法的干预措施来增强常规治疗。一些小型研究表明,IO疗法对多发性骨髓瘤患者有益。据推测,这些益处可通过增强体能、减少疾病相关炎症、潜意识思维训练和肠道微生物组调节来调节。通过将 IO 与循证药物治疗相结合,有可能提高 MPN 患者的生活质量和临床疗效。未来的研究应优先考虑动力充足的研究,包括不同的人口统计学和症状特征,以及适当的研究持续时间,以便就观察到的效果得出明确的结论。
{"title":"Optimizing Care: Integrative Oncology in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm.","authors":"Shagun Singh, Supriya Peshin, Ashley Larsen, Krisstina Gowin","doi":"10.1007/s11912-024-01568-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-024-01568-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) burdens the lives of those affected. MPN patients endure significant impacts on their physical, psychological, and social well-being. While pharmacological interventions offer some disease and symptom control, they often have unfavorable side effects. This review explores the potential of Integrative Oncology (IO) therapies in managing MPNs and their associated symptoms.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>IO is dedicated to augmenting conventional treatments through integrating interventions targeting the mind, body, nutrition, supplements, and other supportive care therapies. Several small studies suggest the benefit of an IO approach in MPN patients. These benefits are postulated to be modulated through enhanced physical capacity, reduced disease-related inflammation, subconscious mind training, and gut microbiome modulation. By combining IO with evidence-based pharmacological treatments, the potential exists to enhance the quality of life and clinical outcomes for individuals with MPNs. Future research should prioritize well-powered studies, including diverse demographics and symptom profiles, with appropriate study duration, to draw definite conclusions regarding the observed effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11480179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Statins for the Primary Prevention of Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review. 他汀类药物用于蒽环类药物心脏毒性的一级预防:全面回顾。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01579-6
Varun Bhasin, Azin Vakilpour, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie

Purpose of review: The aim of this review is two-fold: (1) To examine the mechanisms by which statins may protect from anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and (2) To provide a comprehensive overview of the existing clinical literature investigating the role of statins for the primary prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.

Recent findings: The underlying cardioprotective mechanisms associated with statins have not been fully elucidated. Key mechanisms related to the inhibition of Ras homologous (Rho) GTPases have been proposed. Data from observational studies has supported the beneficial role of statins for the primary prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Recently, several randomized controlled trials investigating the role of statins for the primary prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity have produced contrasting results. Statins have been associated with a lower risk of cardiac dysfunction in cancer patients receiving anthracyclines. Further investigation with larger randomized control trials and longer follow-up periods are needed to better evaluate the long-term role of statin therapy and identify the subgroups who benefit most from statin therapy.

综述目的:本综述有两个目的:(1) 研究他汀类药物可预防蒽环类药物诱发的心脏毒性的机制;(2) 全面概述现有的临床文献,研究他汀类药物在初级预防蒽环类药物诱发的心脏毒性中的作用:他汀类药物的心脏保护机制尚未完全阐明。有人提出了与抑制 Ras 同源(Rho)GTP 酶有关的关键机制。来自观察性研究的数据支持他汀类药物在初级预防蒽环类药物引起的心脏毒性方面的有益作用。最近,几项随机对照试验对他汀类药物在初级预防蒽环类诱导的心脏毒性方面的作用进行了调查,结果却截然不同。他汀类药物可降低接受蒽环类药物治疗的癌症患者出现心脏功能障碍的风险。为了更好地评估他汀类药物治疗的长期作用,并确定从他汀类药物治疗中获益最多的亚组,还需要通过更大规模的随机对照试验和更长的随访期进行进一步调查。
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引用次数: 0
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors During Cancer Therapy: Benefits, Risks, and Ongoing Clinical Trials. 癌症治疗过程中的钠-葡萄糖转运体 2 抑制剂:收益、风险和正在进行的临床试验。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01577-8
Nichanan Osataphan, Husam Abdel-Qadir, Agnieszka Maria Zebrowska, Anna Borowiec

Purpose of review: The goal of this paper is to summarize the data pertaining to the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) for the prevention of cardiotoxicity in patients receiving anthracyclines for cancer treatment. We discuss the potential efficacy of this class of medications, incorporating insights from existing literature and ongoing studies.

Recent findings: SGLT2i are a class of medications which were initially developed for treatment of Type 2 diabetes and later extended to treat heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction regardless of diabetes status. There remains a need for effective and safe treatments to preventing cardiotoxicity in anthracycline-treated patients. It has been proposed that SGLT2i may provide protection against the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines. Some of the proposed mechanisms include beneficial metabolic, neurohormonal, and hemodynamic effects, renal protection, as well as a decrease in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ion homeostasis. There is emerging evidence from basic science and observational studies that SGLT2i may play a role in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Randomized controlled trials are needed to conclusively determine the role of SGLT2 inhibitors as a cardioprotective therapy in patients receiving anthracyclines for the treatment of cancer.

综述目的:本文旨在总结钠-葡萄糖共转运体-2抑制剂(SGLT-2i)用于预防接受蒽环类药物治疗的癌症患者心脏毒性的相关数据。我们结合现有文献和正在进行的研究,讨论了这类药物的潜在疗效:SGLT2i 是一类最初用于治疗 2 型糖尿病的药物,后来扩展到治疗射血分数降低或保留的心力衰竭,与糖尿病状态无关。目前仍需要有效、安全的治疗方法来预防蒽环类药物治疗患者的心脏毒性。有人提出,SGLT2i 可为蒽环类药物的心脏毒性效应提供保护。提出的一些机制包括有益的代谢、神经激素和血液动力学效应、肾脏保护以及减少炎症、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、线粒体功能障碍和离子平衡。来自基础科学和观察性研究的新证据表明,SGLT2i 可在预防化疗引起的心脏毒性方面发挥作用。要最终确定 SGLT2 抑制剂在接受蒽环类药物治疗的癌症患者中作为心脏保护疗法的作用,还需要进行随机对照试验。
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引用次数: 0
Economics of Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs): Innovation, Investment and Market Dynamics. 抗体药物共轭物 (ADC) 的经济学:创新、投资和市场动态。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01582-x
Arya Bhushan, Preeti Misra

Purpose of review: This review aims to explore the intricate interplay between scientific advancements and economic considerations in the development, production, and commercialization of Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs). The focus is on understanding the challenges and opportunities at this unique intersection, highlighting how scientific innovation and economic dynamics mutually influence the trajectory of ADCs in the pharmaceutical landscape.

Recent findings: There has been a significant increase in interest and investment in the development of ADCs. Initially focused on hematological malignancies, ADCs are now being researched for use in treating solid tumors as well. Pharmaceutical companies are heavily investing to broaden the range of indications for which ADCs can be effective. According to a report from the end of 2023, the global ADCs market grew from USD 1.4 billion in 2016 to USD 11.3 billion in 2023, with projections estimating a value of USD 23.9 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 10.7%. ADCs represent a promising class of biopharmaceuticals in oncology, with expanding applications beyond hematological malignancies to solid tumors. The significant growth in the ADC market underscores the impact of scientific and economic factors on their development. This review provides valuable insights into how these factors drive innovation and commercialization, shaping the future of ADCs in cancer treatment.

综述的目的:本综述旨在探讨抗体药物共轭物 (ADC) 的开发、生产和商业化过程中科学进步与经济因素之间错综复杂的相互作用。重点是了解这一独特交叉点上的挑战和机遇,强调科学创新和经济动态如何相互影响 ADC 在制药领域的发展轨迹:对 ADC 开发的兴趣和投资大幅增加。ADC 最初主要用于治疗血液恶性肿瘤,现在也开始用于治疗实体瘤。制药公司正在大力投资,以扩大 ADC 的有效适应症范围。根据 2023 年底的一份报告,全球 ADCs 市场从 2016 年的 14 亿美元增长到 2023 年的 113 亿美元,预计到 2032 年将达到 239 亿美元,年复合增长率为 10.7%。ADC 是肿瘤领域一类前景广阔的生物制药,其应用已从血液恶性肿瘤扩展到实体瘤。ADC 市场的大幅增长凸显了科学和经济因素对其发展的影响。本综述就这些因素如何推动创新和商业化、塑造 ADC 在癌症治疗中的未来提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Geographical Disparities in Colorectal Cancer in Canada: A Review. 加拿大结直肠癌的地域差异:回顾。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01574-x
Asal Rouhafzay, Jamileh Yousefi

Purpose of review: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prominent contributor to cancer-related mortality in Canada. This review paper sheds light on the research conducted in Canada to scrutinize the influence of economicfactors. The review seeks to uncover notable disparities in Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rate across diverse Canadian populations, including Indigenous communities, rural dwellers, and individuals with lower socioeconomic status (SES).

Recent findings: Recent investigations reveal significant disparities in CRC incidence, mortality, and treatment outcomes among various demographic groups in Canada. Indigenous peoples, rural populations, and those with lower SES are particularly vulnerable to these disparities. Access to screening and specialized cancer care is notably limited for these marginalized populations, exacerbating existing health inequities. Furthermore, emerging evidence underscores the potential influence of dietary factors on CRC risk, highlighting the importance of tailored prevention and treatment strategies. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing access to CRC screening and specialized cancer care for disadvantaged populations in Canada. By addressing these disparities, more individuals can undergo timely screening and receive early-stage diagnoses, thereby improving prognosis and ultimately saving lives. However, to effectively bridge these gaps, further research is imperative to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these disparities and to identify and implement effective interventions.

审查目的:在加拿大,结直肠癌 (CRC) 是导致癌症相关死亡率的主要因素。这篇综述揭示了加拿大为仔细研究经济因素的影响而开展的研究。综述旨在揭示加拿大不同人群(包括土著社区、农村居民和社会经济地位(SES)较低的个人)在结直肠癌发病率和死亡率方面存在的明显差异:最近的调查显示,加拿大不同人口群体在结直肠癌发病率、死亡率和治疗效果方面存在显著差异。原住民、农村人口和社会经济地位较低的人群尤其容易受到这些差异的影响。这些边缘化人群获得筛查和专业癌症治疗的机会明显有限,加剧了现有的健康不平等。此外,新出现的证据强调了饮食因素对 CRC 风险的潜在影响,凸显了量身定制的预防和治疗策略的重要性。这些研究结果突出表明,加拿大迫切需要采取有针对性的干预措施,以提高弱势人群接受 CRC 筛查和专门癌症治疗的机会。通过解决这些差距,更多的人可以及时接受筛查和早期诊断,从而改善预后并最终挽救生命。然而,要有效弥补这些差距,必须开展进一步的研究,以阐明造成这些差异的根本机制,并确定和实施有效的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
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