{"title":"Anti-coccidial effects of dietary chamomile against experimentally induced coccidiosis in broiler chicken","authors":"S. Beski","doi":"10.17221/160/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/160/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44499643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dairy farming is deeply affected by climate change, especially by rising temperatures and heat waves, poorer availability of quality food and water, and the spread of new diseases and pests outside their original ecological niche. Their impact can be mitigated not only by changes in technologies, management and treatment, but also by breeding and selection of more resilient cows. General resilience encompasses the animal’s capacity to cope with environmental, social and disease challenges. It is described as the capacity of the animal to be minimally affected by a disturbance or to rapidly return to the physiological, behavioural, cognitive, health, affective and production states that pertained before exposure to a disturbance. As disturbances can be of different natures, general resilience is a composite trait consisting of different resilience types according to the nature of the disturbance. Resilience can be quantified through time series data that capture fluctuations in the daily performance. Recent studies have worked with deviations in the daily milk yield and daily live weight from optimal performance or have focused on the assessment of the daily activity in terms of the daily step count. To observe the duration and magnitude of the response to perturbance, two indicators were suggested: the autocorrelation (rauto) and the natural logarithm of deviations (LnVar). Based on the daily milk yield deviations, both indicators have shown sufficient genetic variabilities with the estimated heritability ~0.1 for rauto and ~0.2 for LnVar. Low values of both indicators were genetically related to better udder health, better hoof health, better longevity, better fertility, higher body condition score, less ketosis but also lower milk yield level. The selection for improved resilience could benefit from the use of genomic information as several genes and biological pathways associated with disease resilience and resilience to heat stress have already been identified. The presented results suggest that the integration of resilience into the cattle breeding programmes would improve the capacity of the dairy industry to cope with global climate change.
{"title":"General resilience in dairy cows: A review","authors":"E. Kašná, L. Zavadilová, Jan Vařeka, J. Kyselová","doi":"10.17221/149/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/149/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"Dairy farming is deeply affected by climate change, especially by rising temperatures and heat waves, poorer availability of quality food and water, and the spread of new diseases and pests outside their original ecological niche. Their impact can be mitigated not only by changes in technologies, management and treatment, but also by breeding and selection of more resilient cows. General resilience encompasses the animal’s capacity to cope with environmental, social and disease challenges. It is described as the capacity of the animal to be minimally affected by a disturbance or to rapidly return to the physiological, behavioural, cognitive, health, affective and production states that pertained before exposure to a disturbance. As disturbances can be of different natures, general resilience is a composite trait consisting of different resilience types according to the nature of the disturbance. Resilience can be quantified through time series data that capture fluctuations in the daily performance. Recent studies have worked with deviations in the daily milk yield and daily live weight from optimal performance or have focused on the assessment of the daily activity in terms of the daily step count. To observe the duration and magnitude of the response to perturbance, two indicators were suggested: the autocorrelation (rauto) and the natural logarithm of deviations (LnVar). Based on the daily milk yield deviations, both indicators have shown sufficient genetic variabilities with the estimated heritability ~0.1 for rauto and ~0.2 for LnVar. Low values of both indicators were genetically related to better udder health, better hoof health, better longevity, better fertility, higher body condition score, less ketosis but also lower milk yield level. The selection for improved resilience could benefit from the use of genomic information as several genes and biological pathways associated with disease resilience and resilience to heat stress have already been identified. The presented results suggest that the integration of resilience into the cattle breeding programmes would improve the capacity of the dairy industry to cope with global climate change.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43792408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rossi, T. Tucci, A. Giordano, P. Moretti, C. Corino
This study evaluated the productive performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status of hyperprolific sows fed control diet or diet supplemented with brown seaweed and polyphenol mixture (SPM). Ninety-six farrowing highly prolific sows (Topigs 20) were assigned to two dietary treatments from day 107 ± 2 days of gestation until weaning: control diet and the same diet containing 15 g/day of SPM. Sows fed SPM diet tended to have lower backfat losses (P = 0.06) than control sows. No difference was observed in daily feed intake. No difference in litter birth weight or number of piglets per litter was observed. In sows fed SPM, average daily gain and weaning body weight of piglets were increased (P < 0.05). Haematochemical parameters, haptoglobin and blood total antiradical activity were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatment. The paraoxonase-1 activity was higher (P < 0.05) in SPM sows than in the control. At the subsequent farrowing, the total number of piglets born was higher (P < 0.05) in sows fed SPM than in the control. Overall, these data suggest that dietary plant polyphenols and brown seaweeds improved the weaning weight of piglets and the total number of piglets born at the subsequent farrowing, modulating oxidative stress in lactating highly prolific sows.
{"title":"Dietary brown seaweed and plant polyphenols in hyperprolific sows: Productive performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status","authors":"R. Rossi, T. Tucci, A. Giordano, P. Moretti, C. Corino","doi":"10.17221/98/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/98/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the productive performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status of hyperprolific sows fed control diet or diet supplemented with brown seaweed and polyphenol mixture (SPM). Ninety-six farrowing highly prolific sows (Topigs 20) were assigned to two dietary treatments from day 107 ± 2 days of gestation until weaning: control diet and the same diet containing 15 g/day of SPM. Sows fed SPM diet tended to have lower backfat losses (P = 0.06) than control sows. No difference was observed in daily feed intake. No difference in litter birth weight or number of piglets per litter was observed. In sows fed SPM, average daily gain and weaning body weight of piglets were increased (P < 0.05). Haematochemical parameters, haptoglobin and blood total antiradical activity were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatment. The paraoxonase-1 activity was higher (P < 0.05) in SPM sows than in the control. At the subsequent farrowing, the total number of piglets born was higher (P < 0.05) in sows fed SPM than in the control. Overall, these data suggest that dietary plant polyphenols and brown seaweeds improved the weaning weight of piglets and the total number of piglets born at the subsequent farrowing, modulating oxidative stress in lactating highly prolific sows.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43999251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the effects of the dietary addition of wormwood (Artemisia montana Pampan) on growth performance, blood characteristics, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-fattening pigs. One hundred eighty crossed pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc), weighing approximately 70 kg, were divided into four groups of 15 head (eight barrows and seven gilts) per pen, and the experiment was replicated thrice. The basal diet (C) was supplemented with 0.5% (T1), 1.0% (T2), and 1.5% (T3) of dried powdered wormwood, and the pigs were fed an experimental diet for six weeks. The average daily weight gain and feed efficiency were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in treatments than in C. On the contrary, the total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in treatments than in C. Additionally, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the carcass grade was better (P < 0.05) in the treatments than in C. The ether extract content of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was lower (P < 0.05) in T2 and T3 than that in C. In contrast, the unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) composition in LD muscle was higher (P < 0.05) in the treatments than in C. Additionally, the marbling and flavour of cooked meat were better (P < 0.05) in the treatments than in C. The dietary addition of wormwood increased (P < 0.05) lightness and yellowness of the surface meat colour and decreased (P < 0.05) juiciness of the LD sensory evaluation. Therefore, the dietary addition of wormwood improved growth performance, feed efficiency, carcass grade, USFA composition, and oxidation of protein and lipids in the LD muscle of growing-fattening pigs.
{"title":"Effects of dietary addition of wormwood on growth performance, blood characteristics and meat quality in growing-fattening pigs","authors":"G. Chu, B. Park","doi":"10.17221/110/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/110/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of the dietary addition of wormwood (Artemisia montana Pampan) on growth performance, blood characteristics, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-fattening pigs. One hundred eighty crossed pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc), weighing approximately 70 kg, were divided into four groups of 15 head (eight barrows and seven gilts) per pen, and the experiment was replicated thrice. The basal diet (C) was supplemented with 0.5% (T1), 1.0% (T2), and 1.5% (T3) of dried powdered wormwood, and the pigs were fed an experimental diet for six weeks. The average daily weight gain and feed efficiency were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in treatments than in C. On the contrary, the total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in treatments than in C. Additionally, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the carcass grade was better (P < 0.05) in the treatments than in C. The ether extract content of the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was lower (P < 0.05) in T2 and T3 than that in C. In contrast, the unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) composition in LD muscle was higher (P < 0.05) in the treatments than in C. Additionally, the marbling and flavour of cooked meat were better (P < 0.05) in the treatments than in C. The dietary addition of wormwood increased (P < 0.05) lightness and yellowness of the surface meat colour and decreased (P < 0.05) juiciness of the LD sensory evaluation. Therefore, the dietary addition of wormwood improved growth performance, feed efficiency, carcass grade, USFA composition, and oxidation of protein and lipids in the LD muscle of growing-fattening pigs.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44635782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biljana Rogic, Ljuba Štrbac, Sladjana Preradovic, B. Važić
The aim of this study was to evaluate population parameters and to describe the genetic variability in the Lipizzan horse populations from stud farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) and Serbia (SRB), reported for the first time in the literature. Pedigree data were collected from the national studbooks. Pedigree data for 2 521 horses were used in the analysis, for a reference population covering live animals in the current population. The average generation interval was 10.78 ± 0.36 (BH) and 12.12 ± 0.59 (SRB) years. The equivalent complete generations ranged from 5.49 (BH) to 14.86 (SRB). The average inbreeding values were 3.96 (BH) and 2.12 (SRB), whereas the average relatedness values were 9.24 (BH) and 4.13 (SRB). Values for fe, fa, fg and the fe/fa ratio were 21, 12, 6.031 and 1.75 in BH Lipizzan horses, and 79, 20, 9.766 and 3.95 in SRB Lipizzan horses. The number of ancestors explaining 50% of genetic diversity in the BH and SRB reference populations was five and eight, respectively. The effective population sizes obtained from regression on the birth dates were 43.67 (BH) and 211.78 (SRB). The investigated genetic variability parameters were higher in the SRB Lipizzan population than in the BH population. The results of pedigree and genetic structure research indicate the need for a comprehensive approach to monitoring to improve future breeding and genetic diversity in the BH and SRB Lipizzan populations.
{"title":"Pedigree analysis of the Lipizzan horse populations from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia: Structure, inbreeding and genetic variability","authors":"Biljana Rogic, Ljuba Štrbac, Sladjana Preradovic, B. Važić","doi":"10.17221/122/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/122/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate population parameters and to describe the genetic variability in the Lipizzan horse populations from stud farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) and Serbia (SRB), reported for the first time in the literature. Pedigree data were collected from the national studbooks. Pedigree data for 2 521 horses were used in the analysis, for a reference population covering live animals in the current population. The average generation interval was 10.78 ± 0.36 (BH) and 12.12 ± 0.59 (SRB) years. The equivalent complete generations ranged from 5.49 (BH) to 14.86 (SRB). The average inbreeding values were 3.96 (BH) and 2.12 (SRB), whereas the average relatedness values were 9.24 (BH) and 4.13 (SRB). Values for fe, fa, fg and the fe/fa ratio were 21, 12, 6.031 and 1.75 in BH Lipizzan horses, and 79, 20, 9.766 and 3.95 in SRB Lipizzan horses. The number of ancestors explaining 50% of genetic diversity in the BH and SRB reference populations was five and eight, respectively. The effective population sizes obtained from regression on the birth dates were 43.67 (BH) and 211.78 (SRB). The investigated genetic variability parameters were higher in the SRB Lipizzan population than in the BH population. The results of pedigree and genetic structure research indicate the need for a comprehensive approach to monitoring to improve future breeding and genetic diversity in the BH and SRB Lipizzan populations.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44557504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Malinovskyi, Lukáš Veselý, C. Yanes‐Roca, T. Policar
In this study, the effect of water temperature, predator’s sex, prey density, and the presence of conspecifics on prey consumption of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) was experimentally tested. In Experiment 1, predators of both sexes [males: total length (TL) = 473 ± 22 mm and body weight (BW) = 1 070 ± 100 g and females: TL = 464 ± 12 mm and BW = 1 060 ± 100 g] were kept in separate tanks and exposed to different densities of prey (Pseudorasbora parva; 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 prey fishes per tank) under fixed water temperatures of 4.5 °C, 8.5 °C, and 12.5 °C. After 63 days of this experiment, it was found that pikeperch predation was significantly affected by increasing water temperature. The effect of prey density was significant at all tested temperatures. Pikeperch females tended to have the higher prey consumption than males, although that trend was statistically insignificant. Results suggest that increased feeding demands at temperatures above 4.5 °C can lead to predator starvation in conditions of low prey availability. Due to the higher prey consumption, pikeperch females could be more vulnerable to low prey availability during their culture. In Experiment 2, pikeperch were kept at different densities of 1, 2, 4, and 8 individuals per tank supplied with a prey rate of 50 individuals per predator, ensuring ad libitum feeding rate. The average daily prey consumption was significantly higher in the tanks with multiple predators, accounting for 17.6 ± 3.57 prey fishes/day compared to 11.6 ± 2.33 prey fishes/day in the tank with a single predator. These results indicate that pikeperch predation activity and prey consumption can be significantly affected by the water temperature, prey availability, and the presence of conspecifics. The findings contribute to understanding the predatory function, natural feeding request of pikeperch and its potential importance for broodstock culture and broodstock final maturation for a successful spawning season. Also, this information can be used for better management of pikeperch pond aquaculture or bio-melioration process in open water bodies and ecosystems.
{"title":"The effect of water temperature, prey availability and presence of conspecifics on prey consumption of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca)","authors":"O. Malinovskyi, Lukáš Veselý, C. Yanes‐Roca, T. Policar","doi":"10.17221/162/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/162/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of water temperature, predator’s sex, prey density, and the presence of conspecifics on prey consumption of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) was experimentally tested. In Experiment 1, predators of both sexes [males: total length (TL) = 473 ± 22 mm and body weight (BW) = 1 070 ± 100 g and females: TL = 464 ± 12 mm and BW = 1 060 ± 100 g] were kept in separate tanks and exposed to different densities of prey (Pseudorasbora parva; 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 prey fishes per tank) under fixed water temperatures of 4.5 °C, 8.5 °C, and 12.5 °C. After 63 days of this experiment, it was found that pikeperch predation was significantly affected by increasing water temperature. The effect of prey density was significant at all tested temperatures. Pikeperch females tended to have the higher prey consumption than males, although that trend was statistically insignificant. Results suggest that increased feeding demands at temperatures above 4.5 °C can lead to predator starvation in conditions of low prey availability. Due to the higher prey consumption, pikeperch females could be more vulnerable to low prey availability during their culture. In Experiment 2, pikeperch were kept at different densities of 1, 2, 4, and 8 individuals per tank supplied with a prey rate of 50 individuals per predator, ensuring ad libitum feeding rate. The average daily prey consumption was significantly higher in the tanks with multiple predators, accounting for 17.6 ± 3.57 prey fishes/day compared to 11.6 ± 2.33 prey fishes/day in the tank with a single predator. These results indicate that pikeperch predation activity and prey consumption can be significantly affected by the water temperature, prey availability, and the presence of conspecifics. The findings contribute to understanding the predatory function, natural feeding request of pikeperch and its potential importance for broodstock culture and broodstock final maturation for a successful spawning season. Also, this information can be used for better management of pikeperch pond aquaculture or bio-melioration process in open water bodies and ecosystems. ","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45294447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global warming caused by climate change can increase heat stress and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, leading to food problems and livestock crises. Thus, pre-emptive responses are required to mitigate the food problems and livestock crises. The potential of a livestock crisis caused by global warming highlights the need for sustainable livestock production in response to climate change using a farm animal algorithm in order to address the population increase and avoid food problems in the future. In particular, the demand for animal-based foods has increased. Such a climate change threatens the livestock environment, production, reproductive efficiency, animal behaviour and welfare, while increasing the heat stress, livestock malodours, and GHG emissions. For these reasons, it is necessary to understand the concurrent mechanisms related to these effects of global warming, animal nutrition, animal feeding and management, animal heat stress and in ovo injection, and carbon neutral livestock. Climate-smart livestock systems are being implemented to overcome the livestock crisis caused by climate change and to maintain sustainable livestock production. This review emphasises the importance of sustainable livestock production using farm animal algorithms in response to a future livestock crisis caused by climate change in 2050.
{"title":"Application strategy for sustainable livestock production with farm animal algorithms in response to climate change up to 2050: A review","authors":"S. Park","doi":"10.17221/172/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/172/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming caused by climate change can increase heat stress and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, leading to food problems and livestock crises. Thus, pre-emptive responses are required to mitigate the food problems and livestock crises. The potential of a livestock crisis caused by global warming highlights the need for sustainable livestock production in response to climate change using a farm animal algorithm in order to address the population increase and avoid food problems in the future. In particular, the demand for animal-based foods has increased. Such a climate change threatens the livestock environment, production, reproductive efficiency, animal behaviour and welfare, while increasing the heat stress, livestock malodours, and GHG emissions. For these reasons, it is necessary to understand the concurrent mechanisms related to these effects of global warming, animal nutrition, animal feeding and management, animal heat stress and in ovo injection, and carbon neutral livestock. Climate-smart livestock systems are being implemented to overcome the livestock crisis caused by climate change and to maintain sustainable livestock production. This review emphasises the importance of sustainable livestock production using farm animal algorithms in response to a future livestock crisis caused by climate change in 2050.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cem Tırınk, Hasan Önder, S. Yurtseven, Zeliha Kaya Akil
The aim of this study was to determine the best non-linear function describing the growth of the Linda goose breed. To achieve this aim, five non-linear functions, such as exponential, logistic, von Bertalanffy, Brody and Gompertz, were employed to define the live weight-age relationship for male and female Linda geese. In the study, 2 397 body weight-age records from 75 females and 66 males collected from three days to 17 weeks of age were evaluated using the “easynls” and “nlstools” packages for growth modelling of the Linda goose in R software. Each model was analysed in the live weight records of all the geese separately for males and females. To measure the predictive quality of the growth functions used individually here, model goodness of fit criteria, such as the coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj), root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were implemented. Among the evaluated non-linear functions, von Bertalanffy model gave the best fit of describing the growth curve of female and male Linda geese. Based on the “rpart”, “rpart.plot”, and “caret” R packages, the CART and XGBoost algorithms were specified in the prediction of live weight of Linda geese at 17 weeks of age from the growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy model and the sex factor. XGBoost produced better results in superiority compared with the CART algorithm. In conclusion, it could be suggested that the von Bertalanffy model might help geese breeders to determine the appropriate slaughtering time, feeding regimes, and overcome flock management problems. The results of the XGBoost algorithm might present a good reference for breeders to establish breed standards and selection strategies of Linda geese in the growth parameters for breeding purposes.
{"title":"Comparison of some non-linear functions to describe the growth for Linda geese with CART and XGBoost algorithms","authors":"Cem Tırınk, Hasan Önder, S. Yurtseven, Zeliha Kaya Akil","doi":"10.17221/129/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/129/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the best non-linear function describing the growth of the Linda goose breed. To achieve this aim, five non-linear functions, such as exponential, logistic, von Bertalanffy, Brody and Gompertz, were employed to define the live weight-age relationship for male and female Linda geese. In the study, 2 397 body weight-age records from 75 females and 66 males collected from three days to 17 weeks of age were evaluated using the “easynls” and “nlstools” packages for growth modelling of the Linda goose in R software. Each model was analysed in the live weight records of all the geese separately for males and females. To measure the predictive quality of the growth functions used individually here, model goodness of fit criteria, such as the coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj), root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were implemented. Among the evaluated non-linear functions, von Bertalanffy model gave the best fit of describing the growth curve of female and male Linda geese. Based on the “rpart”, “rpart.plot”, and “caret” R packages, the CART and XGBoost algorithms were specified in the prediction of live weight of Linda geese at 17 weeks of age from the growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy model and the sex factor. XGBoost produced better results in superiority compared with the CART algorithm. In conclusion, it could be suggested that the von Bertalanffy model might help geese breeders to determine the appropriate slaughtering time, feeding regimes, and overcome flock management problems. The results of the XGBoost algorithm might present a good reference for breeders to establish breed standards and selection strategies of Linda geese in the growth parameters for breeding purposes.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41372830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High intramuscular fat content of pigs improves pork quality and increasing intramuscular fat deposition is a long-term goal in the husbandry of pigs reared for meat production. There are significant phenotypic differences between the Ningxiang (NX) pigs (an indigenous Chinese breed) and Large White (LW) pigs (a western, lean-type breed). The present work aimed to gain insight into the longissimus dorsi muscle transcriptome between the two pig breeds. We investigated the molecular basis of these differences by comparing their transcriptome profiles. RNA-seq technology was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the longissimus dorsi muscle of the NX and LW pigs. We obtained 692 million clean reads using transcriptome sequencing of muscle samples from the two pig breeds. A total of 885 DEGs were identified, including 469 upregulated and 416 downregulated genes in the NX pigs compared with the LW pigs. Using KEGG pathway analysis, it was found that the significant DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolism-related pathways, such as lipid metabolism and biosynthesis, and glucose metabolism or biosynthesis. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed the differential expression of eight selected DEGs in both pig breeds. qPCR results showed that the RNA-seq results were reliable. Several DEGs were candidate functional genes related to the lipid metabolism, including CD36, LIPE, MCAT, LPIN1, ANGPTL4, PPARD, SCD, INSR, MOGAT, IGF1, AKT2 and JAK2. Our results provide a comprehensive basis for the investigation of the differences in transcriptional regulation of the muscles between divergent phenotypes.
{"title":"Differentially expressed genes in the longissimus dorsi muscle between the Chinese indigenous Ningxiang pig and Large White breed using RNA sequencing","authors":"Fang Wang, Linfeng Lei, Zhaobin Wang, Yulong Yin, Huansheng Yang, Zhe Yang, Jiashun Chen","doi":"10.17221/103/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/103/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"High intramuscular fat content of pigs improves pork quality and increasing intramuscular fat deposition is a long-term goal in the husbandry of pigs reared for meat production. There are significant phenotypic differences between the Ningxiang (NX) pigs (an indigenous Chinese breed) and Large White (LW) pigs (a western, lean-type breed). The present work aimed to gain insight into the longissimus dorsi muscle transcriptome between the two pig breeds. We investigated the molecular basis of these differences by comparing their transcriptome profiles. RNA-seq technology was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the longissimus dorsi muscle of the NX and LW pigs. We obtained 692 million clean reads using transcriptome sequencing of muscle samples from the two pig breeds. A total of 885 DEGs were identified, including 469 upregulated and 416 downregulated genes in the NX pigs compared with the LW pigs. Using KEGG pathway analysis, it was found that the significant DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolism-related pathways, such as lipid metabolism and biosynthesis, and glucose metabolism or biosynthesis. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed the differential expression of eight selected DEGs in both pig breeds. qPCR results showed that the RNA-seq results were reliable. Several DEGs were candidate functional genes related to the lipid metabolism, including CD36, LIPE, MCAT, LPIN1, ANGPTL4, PPARD, SCD, INSR, MOGAT, IGF1, AKT2 and JAK2. Our results provide a comprehensive basis for the investigation of the differences in transcriptional regulation of the muscles between divergent phenotypes.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48653350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to convert a short-term semen extender into a long-term semen extender by adding penicillamine (PEN). Semen samples were collected from six boars, diluted at a concentration 3 × 109 spermatozoa/100 ml, and divided into eight groups as follows: BTS, Merck III®, Androstar® Plus, PEN 0.125 mM, PEN 0.25 mM, PEN 0.5 mM, PEN 1.0 mM, PEN 2.0 mM. All the diluted semen samples were stored at 18 °C and were examined for progressive motility, viability, acrosome integrity, pH and osmolarity on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 after storage. The level of the total anti-oxidative capability (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured for antioxidant activities. Fertility tests on a commercial pig farm was also conducted. On days 0, 1 and 3 of storage, no statistically significant differences in all the parameters among the extenders was observed. On day 5, the semen diluted with PEN at a concentration of 0.25 mM and Androstar® Plus could maintain progressive motility reach of 70.0% and 76.0%, respectively (P < 0.01). On day 7, the semen diluted with PEN at a concentration of 0.25 mM maintained progressive motility (70.0%) and acrosome integrity (85.7%) which is comparable to long-term semen extenders (Androstar® Plus) (P < 0.01). For the antioxidant activities, the level of the T-AOC, SOD and MDA varied depended on the PEN concentrations . The results of the fertility test were not different among the groups. To conclude, adding PEN at 0.25 mM in the BTS extender is able to transform a short-term semen extender into a long-term extender.
{"title":"Transformation of a short-term boar semen extender into a long-term boar semen extender by using penicillamine","authors":"P. Chanapiwat, S. Buranasinsup, K. Kaeoket","doi":"10.17221/130/2022-cjas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/130/2022-cjas","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to convert a short-term semen extender into a long-term semen extender by adding penicillamine (PEN). Semen samples were collected from six boars, diluted at a concentration 3 × 109 spermatozoa/100 ml, and divided into eight groups as follows: BTS, Merck III®, Androstar® Plus, PEN 0.125 mM, PEN 0.25 mM, PEN 0.5 mM, PEN 1.0 mM, PEN 2.0 mM. All the diluted semen samples were stored at 18 °C and were examined for progressive motility, viability, acrosome integrity, pH and osmolarity on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 after storage. The level of the total anti-oxidative capability (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured for antioxidant activities. Fertility tests on a commercial pig farm was also conducted. On days 0, 1 and 3 of storage, no statistically significant differences in all the parameters among the extenders was observed. On day 5, the semen diluted with PEN at a concentration of 0.25 mM and Androstar® Plus could maintain progressive motility reach of 70.0% and 76.0%, respectively (P < 0.01). On day 7, the semen diluted with PEN at a concentration of 0.25 mM maintained progressive motility (70.0%) and acrosome integrity (85.7%) which is comparable to long-term semen extenders (Androstar® Plus) (P < 0.01). For the antioxidant activities, the level of the T-AOC, SOD and MDA varied depended on the PEN concentrations . The results of the fertility test were not different among the groups. To conclude, adding PEN at 0.25 mM in the BTS extender is able to transform a short-term semen extender into a long-term extender.","PeriodicalId":10972,"journal":{"name":"Czech Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47890893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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