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AGILE APPLICATION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 敏捷在建筑业中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.13
The construction industry is dynamic in nature because it involves a wide number of stakeholders, such as consumers, manufacturers, consultants, regulators and others. Construction projects suffer from many challenges and complex performance issues, such as low coordination, job delays, changes in goals. Study on the contrast of conventional and modern methodologies for project management in construction projects. Introduction of Agile project management approach as modern project management methodology and its framework effects on construction project performance. With the use of Agile software development tools comparison of individuals experts and team solutions will be analyzed and evaluate optimum solutions and their comparison with traditional project management tools. In traditional project management, validation of the results has been done through survey of the experienced experts. However, as agile software development tools Jira and Trello software would be used for managing project. Analysis of the research will compare traditional and agile project management tools and suggest the project management team an optimum solution of any problem occur at construction project.
建筑行业本质上是动态的,因为它涉及大量的利益相关者,如消费者、制造商、顾问、监管机构和其他人。建设项目面临着许多挑战和复杂的绩效问题,如协调性低、工作延迟、目标变更等。建筑工程项目管理中传统方法与现代方法的对比研究。介绍作为现代项目管理方法的敏捷项目管理方法及其框架对建设项目绩效的影响。使用敏捷软件开发工具对个人专家和团队解决方案进行比较,将分析和评估最佳解决方案及其与传统项目管理工具的比较。在传统的项目管理中,通过对经验丰富的专家的调查来验证结果。然而,作为敏捷软件开发工具,Jira和Trello软件将用于管理项目。分析研究将比较传统和敏捷项目管理工具,并建议项目管理团队在施工项目中出现的任何问题的最佳解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
TRANSIENT THERMAL ANALYSIS OF DOUBLE DISK BRAKE ROTOR OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS USING HYBRID MECHANISM 混合机构下不同材料双盘制动转子的瞬态热分析
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.4
This paper is presented on Design and Thermal analysis of disc brake rotor of different materials, which analyze about on disc brake rotor by analysis of different shapes of slot of different vehicles Disc brake rotor. Therefore, it can optimize number of shapes of slot to estimate the good thermal conductivity of the disc brake rotor. CATIA V5R21 and ANSYS 19R1 software’s are using for Modeling, Static and Transient Thermal Analysis. Heat generated is dissipated faster or the disc material gets less heated. Here is consideration of a metal multiple materials which will satisfy above criteria. An analysis of composite and SS disc brakes over a repeated braking is done and the results are analyzed.
本文对不同材料的盘式制动转子进行了设计和热分析,通过对不同车型盘式制动转子槽形的分析,对盘式制动转子进行了热分析。因此,可以通过优化槽形数来估计盘式制动器转子的良好导热性。使用CATIA V5R21和ANSYS 19R1软件进行建模、静态和瞬态热分析。产生的热量消散得更快,或者圆盘材料被加热得更少。这是对满足上述标准的金属复合材料的考虑。对复合材料盘式制动器和SS盘式制动器进行了反复制动分析,并对结果进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
DENSITY BASED TRAFFIC CONTROLLER SYSTEM USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 基于密度的无线传感器网络交通控制系统
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.16
This traffic controller system aims at designing a dynamic automated traffic control system where the signal and time limit will be automatically changed when it detects traffic congestion in any lane. Traffic congestion is a major problem in many cities around the world so it is urgent need to switch over from manual mode or timer mode to an automated traffic control system that has the power to make decisions on its own. The current traffic signal system is working on fixed time which may not work if one route gets more traffic than other lane. To overcome this problem, a smart traffic control system is proposed. When using this system high traffic congestion on a particular lane receives green for a longer period of time compared to the other lanes which has normal vehicle flow. Therefore, the proposed method of providing green and red light time is based on the amount of traffic congestion at the time with the help of an IR sensor and Sound sensors connected to ATmega 2560 Microcontroller.
本交通控制系统旨在设计一个动态的自动交通控制系统,当检测到任何车道的交通拥塞时,自动改变信号和时间限制。交通拥堵是世界上许多城市的主要问题,因此迫切需要从手动模式或定时模式切换到具有自主决策能力的自动交通控制系统。当前的交通信号系统是固定时间工作的,如果一条路线的交通量比另一条车道多,则可能无法正常工作。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种智能交通控制系统。当使用该系统时,与正常车辆流量的其他车道相比,特定车道上交通拥堵严重的车道获得绿灯的时间更长。因此,所提出的提供绿灯和红灯时间的方法是基于当时的交通拥堵量,借助连接到ATmega 2560微控制器的红外传感器和声音传感器。
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引用次数: 0
AN OPTIMIZED MUTATION TESTING USING HYBRID METAHEURISTIC TECHNIQUE WITH MACHINE LEARNING FOR SOFTWARE DEFECT PREDICTION 利用混合元启发式技术和机器学习进行软件缺陷预测的优化突变测试
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.10
Software defect prediction model based on the mutation testing is a pioneering method for the fault-based unit testing in which faults are detected by executing certain test data. This paper presents an Optimized Mutation Testing (OMT) technique based software defect prediction model using the concept of hybrid metaheuristic technique. Here, hybridization of OMT with Enhanced Learning-to-Rank (ELTR) is used for the feature extraction from mutation testing based data generation mechanism. In the proposed approach, first hybrid technique is used for the test data feature extraction then this data is exercised to cover all mutants present in the specific program under test and then machine learning based Random Forest as an ensemble classifier is used as a classifier. The proposed method can improve the testing as well defect prediction efficiency by deleting the redundant test data. In this research work, two models are implemented for the software defect prediction using the ELTR and LTR. At last, the performance parameters such as Detection Rate, Defect Predication Value, Execution Time, Percentage of Fault Negative Rate and Percentage of Fault Rate are measured and compared with the existing work to validate the proposed model.
基于突变测试的软件缺陷预测模型是基于故障的单元测试方法的先驱,该方法通过执行特定的测试数据来检测故障。利用混合元启发式技术的概念,提出了一种基于优化突变测试技术的软件缺陷预测模型。本文将OMT与增强学习排序(Enhanced Learning-to-Rank, ELTR)的杂交用于从基于突变测试的数据生成机制中提取特征。在该方法中,首先使用混合技术对测试数据进行特征提取,然后对该数据进行训练以覆盖被测特定程序中存在的所有突变,然后使用基于机器学习的随机森林作为集成分类器作为分类器。该方法通过剔除冗余的测试数据,提高了测试和缺陷预测的效率。在本研究中,采用ELTR和LTR分别实现了软件缺陷预测模型,最后测量了检测率、缺陷预测值、执行时间、负错率百分比和故障率百分比等性能参数,并与已有工作进行了对比,验证了模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A RASPBERRY PI SELF-DRIVING CART BASED ON OPENCV AND DEEP LEARNING . 基于openv和深度学习的树莓派自动驾驶车。
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.8
The self-driving trolley created in this thesis uses cameras and ultrasonic sensors to obtain roadway information, and a deep learning based target recognition algorithm to find out which are the targets in the data obtained, so that the trolley can drive itself on a simulated roadway with functions such as obstacle avoidance and traffic signal recognition. Originally the car used a Raspberry Pi 3b+, but here the jetson nano, which is better than the Raspberry Pi 3b+, is used to implement it.
本文制作的自动驾驶小车使用摄像头和超声波传感器获取道路信息,并使用基于深度学习的目标识别算法在获取的数据中找出哪些是目标,从而使小车在模拟的道路上自动行驶,具有避障和交通信号识别等功能。最初,这辆车使用的是树莓派3b+,但在这里,比树莓派3b+更好的jetson nano被用来实现它。
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引用次数: 0
DATA EXTRACTION FROM PASSWORD PROTECTED MOBILE PHONE BY USING CHIP-OFF METHOD –A FORENSIC CASE STUDY 用芯片法从密码保护的手机中提取数据——一个法医案例研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.5
The current digital era is full of digital devices and to ensure the safety of their data, users utilize the protective armor of passwords using the fingerprints lock, face lock, pin codes and password locks. The trial-and-error method possesses an infinite possibility of passwords in patterns/ pin locks for unlocking the devices. The levels of security ensure that only a limited number of trials are possible before any device blocks itself or makes unlocking harder. In these circumstances, especially when a victim is a deceased person (e. g. an abetment in suicide case), the password is practically impossible to attain through the authorities. However, the data can be retrieved with the unique and distinctive method of Chip-off analysis. In this study, a password protected mobile phone was retrieved from a deceased individual and only the analysis of his/her mobile could lead to investigative insights for catching the perpetrator. The Chip-off method has several difficulties and a password/ pin protected device increases the difficulties for analysis several folds. This study highlights the significance of chip-off analysis in achieving accurate importing and extraction of maximum data along with the use of the hardware/software, MSAB, XRY and other software.
当前的数字时代充斥着数字设备,为了确保数据的安全,用户使用指纹锁、人脸锁、pin码和密码锁等密码作为保护盔甲。这种试错法拥有无限可能的密码模式/ pin锁解锁设备。安全级别确保在任何设备阻塞或解锁困难之前,只能进行有限次数的试验。在这些情况下,特别是当受害者是死者时(例如自杀案件中的教唆),密码实际上是不可能通过当局获得的。然而,数据可以用独特的和独特的方法来检索。在这项研究中,一个密码保护的手机从一个死者身上找回,只有对他/她的手机进行分析,才能找到抓捕肇事者的调查见解。芯片脱落方法有几个困难,密码/ pin保护装置增加了分析的难度几倍。本研究强调了芯片分析在实现准确导入和提取最大数据以及使用硬件/软件、MSAB、XRY和其他软件方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
WIRELESS CHARGING TROLLEY WITH VEHICLE-PILE COLLABORATION 车桩协同无线充电小车
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.29121/ijesrt.v10.i3.2021.15
Most of the built carts will use a combination of lithium batteries, but the types of lithium battery connectors are cumbersome and their charging time is too long. In this project, a Faraday capacitor is used instead of the car's power source to store power in a wireless charging mode, by providing DC power to the transmitter coil along the road to induce a certain voltage to the secondary coil carried by the car to achieve the effect of storing power for the Faraday capacitor. A camera module openmv in the centre of the track captures images and uses a target detection algorithm to intelligently identify the position of the car to control the activation and deactivation of the coils to improve efficiency.
大多数已建成的车将使用锂电池组合,但锂电池连接器的类型很麻烦,而且充电时间太长。本项目采用无线充电方式,使用法拉第电容代替汽车的电源存储电能,通过向道路上的发射线圈提供直流电源,使汽车携带的二次线圈产生一定的电压,达到法拉第电容存储电能的效果。轨道中心的摄像头模块openmv捕获图像,并使用目标检测算法智能识别车辆位置,控制线圈的激活和停用,以提高效率。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Performance of Cloud of Things (CoT) for Transferring Multimedia and Bulk-set Data 物云(CoT)传输多媒体和大容量数据的性能评价
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.36548/jucct.2021.1.001
V. B.
As the number of context-aware and unique data extracting and computing has grown leaps and bounds, paving way to their application in many platforms, Internet of Things (IoT) has gained a lot of importance in recent years. Using IoT, it is possible to connect any number of objects and in any context, giving rise to a diverse range of services. Hence power management, data storage, service discovery, service management, service creation and resource management need a more sophisticated mechanism and a better infrastructure. However, a single IoT that is power-constrained will not be able to tackle all the data that is generated. Hence cloud computing plays a crucial role by integrating with the IoT in such a way that the future internet and envisioned IoT is achievable. There are a number of challenges involved of which data trimming is common challenge. Due to unnecessary communication, the data this sent to the cloud may be interrupted. Hence to prevent this, data is initially preprocessed following which it is trimmed and then transferred to the cloud. This aspect of data processing can be carried out through Fog Computing or Smart Network that serves as a smart gateway. In this paper, we have introduced a novel concept Fog computing as the smart gateway. The results have been analysed and tested with respect to bulk-data synchronizstion Delay, bulk-data upload delay, jitter, synchronization delay and upload delay.
随着上下文感知和独特数据提取和计算的数量突飞猛进,为其在许多平台上的应用铺平了道路,物联网(IoT)近年来变得非常重要。使用物联网,可以在任何环境中连接任意数量的对象,从而产生各种各样的服务。因此,电源管理、数据存储、服务发现、服务管理、服务创建和资源管理需要更复杂的机制和更好的基础设施。然而,单个受功率限制的物联网将无法处理生成的所有数据。因此,云计算通过与物联网的集成发挥着至关重要的作用,从而实现未来的互联网和设想的物联网。涉及到许多挑战,其中数据修剪是常见的挑战。由于不必要的通信,可能会导致发送到云的数据中断。因此,为了防止这种情况,首先对数据进行预处理,然后对其进行修剪,然后将其传输到云端。这方面的数据处理可以通过作为智能网关的雾计算或智能网络来完成。在本文中,我们引入了一个新的概念雾计算作为智能网关。对大数据同步延迟、大数据上传延迟、抖动、同步延迟和上传延迟进行了分析和测试。
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引用次数: 1
Bio-monitoring of Environmental Toxicants using West African Dwarf Goats at Amawzari Mbano, Imo State, Nigeria 在尼日利亚伊莫州Amawzari Mbano利用西非矮山羊进行环境毒物的生物监测
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.01.0279
P. C. Ogbonna, E. C. Dikeogu, O. Nwankwo, K. C. Kanu, E. Osuagwu
Several health risks have been linked to exposure to environmental toxicants in food consume by man. This study aimed to determine the level of environmental toxicants in goats tended by rural farmers. Fur and blood samples were carefully collected from sixteen (16) goats in open range husbandry (ex situ) at four sites in Amawzari, Imo State, Nigeria. The samples were digested and analyzed separately to determine the concentrations of some environmental toxicants (heavy metals). The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni in blood were 0.01 to 0.05, 0.01 to 0.07, 0.00 to 0.01 and 0.05 to 0.12 mg/kg, while their concentration in fur were 0.02 to 0.03, 0.001 to 0.006, 0.00 to 0.00, and 0.04 to 0.05 mg/kg, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis show very strong positive relationship between Pb in blood and Pb in fur (r = 0.855, p < 0.01) and Ni in blood and Ni in fur (r = 0.811, p < 0.01). The order of abundance of the four heavy metals tested in goat fur and blood is Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd. Based on our findings, the concentrations of heavy metals in blood were higher than its corresponding values in fur. Thus, consumption of meat processed from these metal-contaminated goats and utilization of their blood to manufacture blood meal for pigs and poultry birds will result to bio-magnification of heavy metals in man and animals. Therefore, we recommend that rural farmers should be enlightened on health challenges associated with in situ form of animal husbandry.
一些健康风险与人类在食物消费中接触环境有毒物质有关。本研究旨在确定农村农民饲养的山羊的环境毒物水平。在尼日利亚伊莫州Amawzari的四个地点仔细收集了16只(16只)山羊的皮毛和血液样本。样品分别消化和分析,以确定一些环境毒物(重金属)的浓度。血中Pb、Cr、Cd和Ni的浓度分别为0.01 ~ 0.05、0.01 ~ 0.07、0.00 ~ 0.01和0.05 ~ 0.12 mg/kg,皮毛中Pb、Cr、Cd和Ni的浓度分别为0.02 ~ 0.03、0.001 ~ 0.006、0.00 ~ 0.00和0.04 ~ 0.05 mg/kg。Pearson相关分析表明,血铅和皮毛中铅(r = 0.855, p < 0.01)与血铅和皮毛中镍(r = 0.811, p < 0.01)呈极显著正相关。四种重金属在山羊皮毛和血液中的丰度依次为Ni b> Cr b> Pb b> Cd,血液中的重金属浓度高于皮毛中的相应值。因此,食用这些受金属污染的山羊的肉,并利用其血液为猪和家禽制造血粉,将导致人类和动物体内重金属的生物放大。因此,我们建议对农村农民进行启蒙,使他们了解与原地畜牧业有关的健康挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Fallowed and Cultivated Land Use Systems on the Composition and Abundance of Soil Macroinvertebrates Assemblage in Uruk Osung Community, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria 休耕地和耕地利用制度对尼日利亚阿夸伊博姆州Uruk Osung社区土壤大型无脊椎动物群落组成和丰度的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36263/nijest.2021.01.0278
A. Akpan, M. Chukwu, I. K. Esenowo, M. Johnson, D. Archibong
This study was to assess the effect of fallowed and cultivated land-use systems on the abundance of soil macroinvertebrates assemblage. Collections of soil samples were carried out fortnightly twice a month for four months. The extraction of soil macroinvertebrates was carried out using Berlese-Tullgren funnel extractor, and elutriation technique. The mean values of 6.93+/-0.25 were recorded for pH, 32.08+/-0.52oC for temperature, 15.60+/-1.22 for moisture content, were recorded for fallowed soil, and 4.43+/-0.16 (pH), 30.95+/-0.19oC (temperature) were recorded for cultivated soil. A total of 17 soil macroinvertebrates species comprising of 11 orders, from four classes were encountered. Out of the 517 individual soil macroinvertebrates encountered, 327 individuals representing four classes were present in the fallow land while 190 individuals representing three classes were present in the cultivated land. The most dominant species in terms of abundance in the fallowed land site included; Cryptotermes sp 67(20.49%) > Blatta sp 56(17.12%) with Hogna sp 1(0.0.30%) the least; while Cryptotermes sp. 79(41.58%) >Lasius sp 30(15.79%) > Lumbricus terrestris 21(11.05%) represents the dominant species in the cultivated soil with Paraponera sp 1(0.53%) the least. Soil temperature showed positive correlation with the abundance of Clitellata (r = 0.851; p < 0.05) and Insecta (r = 0.826; p < 0.05) and Soil pH showed positive correlation with the abundance of Diplopoda (r = 0.911; p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, it could be deduced from the study that human activities in the cultivated site perturb soil macroinvertebrates community structure which is reflected in the relative abundance of soil macroinvertebrate from the two sampling sites. The results obtained in this study could be a piece of pointing information for the conservation and management of the soil macroinvertebrates giving their functions in balancing agroecosystems.
本研究旨在评估休耕和耕地利用制度对土壤大型无脊椎动物群落丰度的影响。每两周采集一次土壤样本,每月两次,为期四个月。采用Berlese-Tullgren漏斗萃取器和洗脱技术对土壤大型无脊椎动物进行了提取。休耕土壤的pH平均值为6.93+/-0.25,温度平均值为32.08+/-0.52oC,水分平均值为15.60+/-1.22 oc,耕地土壤的pH平均值为4.43+/-0.16 oc,温度平均值为30.95+/-0.19oC。共发现土壤大型无脊椎动物4纲11目17种。在517个土壤大型无脊椎动物个体中,休耕地有327个,代表4个纲,耕地有190个,代表3个纲。休耕地中丰度最大的优势种包括;cryptoterme sp 67(20.49%) > Blatta sp 56(17.12%), Hogna sp 1(0.0.30%)最少;在耕地土壤中,优势种为Cryptotermes sp. 79(41.58%) >Lasius sp. 30(15.79%) > Lumbricus terrestris 21(11.05%),最小种为Paraponera sp. 1(0.53%)。土壤温度与苔藓丰度呈显著正相关(r = 0.851;p < 0.05)和昆虫组(r = 0.826;p < 0.05),土壤pH值与双足类动物丰度呈正相关(r = 0.911;P≤0.05)。综上所述,人类活动干扰了耕地土壤大型无脊椎动物群落结构,这反映在两个采样点土壤大型无脊椎动物的相对丰度上。本研究结果可为土壤大型无脊椎动物的保护和管理提供参考,发挥其平衡农业生态系统的作用。
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引用次数: 1
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