Background: Although cervical cancer (CC) is highly preventable through appropriate screening methods like the Papanicolaou (Pap) test, which enables early detection of malignant and precancerous lesions, access to such screening has not been equitable across social groups. Sex workers and people with records of incarceration are among the most under-screened populations in Ontario. Little is known about the acceptability and feasibility of HPV self-sampling (HPV-SS) as an alternative cervical cancer screening method for these groups. This online, community-based mixed-methods pilot study aimed to address this knowledge gap.
Methods: Eighty-four under- and never-screened sex workers and ex-prisoners aged 25-69 years and residing in the Greater Toronto Area, were recruited by community peer associates. Participants completed an online survey and viewed short videos about CC and screening with Pap and HPV-SS. Those who opted for HPV-SS conducted the test at one of two collaborating organizations.
Results: The median age of participants was 36.5 years. Most had limited knowledge about CC and screening. Approximately 13% identified as non-binary, and 5% as two-spirit or trans men, with the majority having completed secondary education. Of the participants, 88% chose HPV-SS, and one-third tested positive for high-risk HPV types. The ability to self-sample without judgment from healthcare providers was noted as a key advantage. However, there was a need for training on proper HPV-SS techniques.
Conclusions: To improve cervical cancer screening among sex workers, increasing awareness through participatory community co-creation of sexual health education is essential. Additionally, offering HPV-SS as a screening option is crucial, given its demonstrated acceptability and feasibility within this population, many of whom lack a primary care provider and face discriminatory attitudes in healthcare settings.
{"title":"Breaking Barriers: Empowering Cervical Cancer Screening with HPV Self-Sampling for Sex Workers and Formerly Incarcerated Women in Toronto.","authors":"Mandana Vahabi, Jenna Hynes, Josephine Pui-Hing Wong, Natasha Kithulegoda, Masoomeh Moosapoor, Abdolreza Akbarian, Aisha Lofters","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120590","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although cervical cancer (CC) is highly preventable through appropriate screening methods like the Papanicolaou (Pap) test, which enables early detection of malignant and precancerous lesions, access to such screening has not been equitable across social groups. Sex workers and people with records of incarceration are among the most under-screened populations in Ontario. Little is known about the acceptability and feasibility of HPV self-sampling (HPV-SS) as an alternative cervical cancer screening method for these groups. This online, community-based mixed-methods pilot study aimed to address this knowledge gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-four under- and never-screened sex workers and ex-prisoners aged 25-69 years and residing in the Greater Toronto Area, were recruited by community peer associates. Participants completed an online survey and viewed short videos about CC and screening with Pap and HPV-SS. Those who opted for HPV-SS conducted the test at one of two collaborating organizations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of participants was 36.5 years. Most had limited knowledge about CC and screening. Approximately 13% identified as non-binary, and 5% as two-spirit or trans men, with the majority having completed secondary education. Of the participants, 88% chose HPV-SS, and one-third tested positive for high-risk HPV types. The ability to self-sample without judgment from healthcare providers was noted as a key advantage. However, there was a need for training on proper HPV-SS techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To improve cervical cancer screening among sex workers, increasing awareness through participatory community co-creation of sexual health education is essential. Additionally, offering HPV-SS as a screening option is crucial, given its demonstrated acceptability and feasibility within this population, many of whom lack a primary care provider and face discriminatory attitudes in healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7994-8009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31120589
Mohammed Al-Azri, Zayana Al-Kiyumi, Khalid Al-Bimani, Huda Al-Awaisi
Background and aim: Young women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) face considerable psychological and emotional distress, impacting their interactions with themselves, their families, and the wider community. This study sought to explore the interaction patterns of young Omani BC survivors following their diagnosis and during treatment.
Materials and methods: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 11 Omani women diagnosed with BC, recruited from the Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre in Muscat, Oman. Participants were selected using purposive sampling to target Omani BC survivors aged under 45 years, with one to five years of survivorship post-diagnosis. Framework analysis was employed to analyse the qualitative data.
Results: Six key types of interactions with various groups were identified: self, children, spouses, family, friends, and society. While many BC survivors demonstrated resilience through their strong faith, viewing the illness as part of a divine plan, others experienced diminished confidence and social withdrawal due to body image issues. Interactions with children centred on maintaining normalcy, while spouses typically provided emotional support despite challenges with intimacy. Family and friends offered crucial support, although concerns regarding societal stigma led some women to conceal their diagnosis.
Conclusions: Participants in this study demonstrated a strong sense of acceptance of their cancer diagnosis as a result of their faith, viewing it as part of a divine plan. Their belief in divine guidance, paired with optimism about the available treatments, fostered resilience, allowing them to maintain a calm and hopeful outlook during their journey of treatment and recovery. However, some participants experienced a decline in self-confidence, particularly after treatment. This affected their willingness to socialise and interact with others, leading to introversion and a marked withdrawal from social interactions, often related to changed self-perception or fear of judgment following changes in appearance.
{"title":"The Impact of a Breast Cancer Diagnosis on the Social Interaction Patterns of Young Omani Women: A Qualitative Study Approach.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Azri, Zayana Al-Kiyumi, Khalid Al-Bimani, Huda Al-Awaisi","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120589","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Young women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) face considerable psychological and emotional distress, impacting their interactions with themselves, their families, and the wider community. This study sought to explore the interaction patterns of young Omani BC survivors following their diagnosis and during treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 11 Omani women diagnosed with BC, recruited from the Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre in Muscat, Oman. Participants were selected using purposive sampling to target Omani BC survivors aged under 45 years, with one to five years of survivorship post-diagnosis. Framework analysis was employed to analyse the qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six key types of interactions with various groups were identified: self, children, spouses, family, friends, and society. While many BC survivors demonstrated resilience through their strong faith, viewing the illness as part of a divine plan, others experienced diminished confidence and social withdrawal due to body image issues. Interactions with children centred on maintaining normalcy, while spouses typically provided emotional support despite challenges with intimacy. Family and friends offered crucial support, although concerns regarding societal stigma led some women to conceal their diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants in this study demonstrated a strong sense of acceptance of their cancer diagnosis as a result of their faith, viewing it as part of a divine plan. Their belief in divine guidance, paired with optimism about the available treatments, fostered resilience, allowing them to maintain a calm and hopeful outlook during their journey of treatment and recovery. However, some participants experienced a decline in self-confidence, particularly after treatment. This affected their willingness to socialise and interact with others, leading to introversion and a marked withdrawal from social interactions, often related to changed self-perception or fear of judgment following changes in appearance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7979-7993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-15DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31120588
Benson Wan, Magali Lecavalier-Barsoum
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of mortality in Canada, with many patients presenting with metastatic disease. The oligometastatic state (OM-NSCLC) may be amenable to cure using aggressive local consolidative therapies. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), which entails the utilization of a high dose of radiation in one or few fractions, has many benefits in this setting, including its applicability in varied patient populations to ablate lesions in varied anatomical locations. It has also been demonstrated to prolong the time to next-line systemic therapy, to reduce financial burden, to improve quality-adjusted life years, and reduce adverse events caused by these lesions. This review outlines the published phase II and III trials that have already demonstrated the utility of SBRT in OM-NSCLC, as well as the many ongoing trials aiming to further define its role, including the largest phase II/III trial to date, NRG-LU002. Overall, SBRT appears to improve outcomes when combined with a broad range of standard-of-care therapies and is generally well tolerated; however, careful patient selection is necessary to maximize benefits while minimizing harm. Ongoing trials will help define the optimal patients for SBRT and the best timing for this intervention.
{"title":"The Role of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Benson Wan, Magali Lecavalier-Barsoum","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120588","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of mortality in Canada, with many patients presenting with metastatic disease. The oligometastatic state (OM-NSCLC) may be amenable to cure using aggressive local consolidative therapies. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), which entails the utilization of a high dose of radiation in one or few fractions, has many benefits in this setting, including its applicability in varied patient populations to ablate lesions in varied anatomical locations. It has also been demonstrated to prolong the time to next-line systemic therapy, to reduce financial burden, to improve quality-adjusted life years, and reduce adverse events caused by these lesions. This review outlines the published phase II and III trials that have already demonstrated the utility of SBRT in OM-NSCLC, as well as the many ongoing trials aiming to further define its role, including the largest phase II/III trial to date, NRG-LU002. Overall, SBRT appears to improve outcomes when combined with a broad range of standard-of-care therapies and is generally well tolerated; however, careful patient selection is necessary to maximize benefits while minimizing harm. Ongoing trials will help define the optimal patients for SBRT and the best timing for this intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7971-7978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-14DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31120587
Olga Czerwińska-Ledwig, Małgorzata Żychowska, Artur Jurczyszyn, Joanna Kryst, Adrianna Dzidek, Roxana Zuziak, Anna Jurczyszyn, Anna Piotrowska
Background: Multiple myeloma, a malignancy of plasma cells, often involves the disruption of vitamin D metabolism. Vitamin D, acting through its receptor (VDR), affects transcription factors like FOXO and sirtuins, which regulate cellular processes. The impact of physical activity on these markers in multiple myeloma patients is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 6-week training program on these parameters.
Material and methods: The study was completed by 30 patients, including 16 in the Nordic walking training group (TG) and 14 in the control group (non-exercising, CG). All participants underwent a thorough medical interview before starting the project. Venous blood samples were collected from all participants four times-at baseline, after 3 weeks, after 6 weeks, and after 9 weeks (follow-up). The serum concentrations of sirtuin 1, sirtuin 3, Foxo3a, vitamin D receptor (VDR), 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D were determined. Body composition, physical fitness, and physical activity level were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks.
Results: No statistically significant changes were observed in the serum levels of sirtuins, the FOXO3a protein, and 1,25(OH)2D. A statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of VDR for both time and group factors, but this was not confirmed in the post hoc test. Vitamin 25(OH)D3 level increased significantly in the study group with time.
Conclusions: The applied 6-week Nordic walking training cycle positively affected the level of vitamin 25(OH)D3 but did not influence the rest of the biochemical parameters studied. The obtained results also indicate that the applied intervention is safe for patients and does not interfere with body composition.
{"title":"The Influence of Nordic Walking Training on the Serum Levels of Sirtuins, FOXO3a, and Vitamin D Metabolites in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Olga Czerwińska-Ledwig, Małgorzata Żychowska, Artur Jurczyszyn, Joanna Kryst, Adrianna Dzidek, Roxana Zuziak, Anna Jurczyszyn, Anna Piotrowska","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120587","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple myeloma, a malignancy of plasma cells, often involves the disruption of vitamin D metabolism. Vitamin D, acting through its receptor (VDR), affects transcription factors like FOXO and sirtuins, which regulate cellular processes. The impact of physical activity on these markers in multiple myeloma patients is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 6-week training program on these parameters.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was completed by 30 patients, including 16 in the Nordic walking training group (TG) and 14 in the control group (non-exercising, CG). All participants underwent a thorough medical interview before starting the project. Venous blood samples were collected from all participants four times-at baseline, after 3 weeks, after 6 weeks, and after 9 weeks (follow-up). The serum concentrations of sirtuin 1, sirtuin 3, Foxo3a, vitamin D receptor (VDR), 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D were determined. Body composition, physical fitness, and physical activity level were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant changes were observed in the serum levels of sirtuins, the FOXO3a protein, and 1,25(OH)2D. A statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of VDR for both time and group factors, but this was not confirmed in the post hoc test. Vitamin 25(OH)D3 level increased significantly in the study group with time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The applied 6-week Nordic walking training cycle positively affected the level of vitamin 25(OH)D3 but did not influence the rest of the biochemical parameters studied. The obtained results also indicate that the applied intervention is safe for patients and does not interfere with body composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7960-7970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to examine the education and training needs of health care practitioners (HCPs) in the Philippines who encounter lung oligometastatic cancer patients. Lung oligometastatic disease is among the most common sites for cancer spread and has the most established practices for treating oligometastases. A modified version of the Hennessy-Hicks Training Needs Assessment Questionnaire was administered online to HCPs working in private and public centers in the Philippines. HCPs were recruited via purposive sampling. Twenty-seven HCPs completed the questionnaire (47% response rate). Respondents were mostly female (59%) and between the ages of 30 and 39 years (70%). Three-quarters (74%) were consultants, and most respondents were radiation oncologists (44%) or medical oncologists (30%). Medical oncologists rated Management/Supervisory Tasks (mean = 1.42) as their highest area of training need while radiation oncologists rated Clinical Tasks (mean = 1.30) as their highest training need. Pulmonologists (mean = 0.60) and other specialists (mean = 1.00) rated Administration tasks as their top area of training need. The clinical task-related category was rated the highest need among the continuing medical education topics. This study provides valuable insights for the implementation and advancement of a comprehensive curriculum in clinical oncology, specifically designed to enhance the administrative, clinical, and research capacities of oncologists who encounter oligometastatic lung disease in the Philippines.
{"title":"Education and Training Needs of Health Care Professionals in the Philippines Encountering Patients with Lung Oligometastatic Cancers.","authors":"Daphne J Valmonte, Naa Kwarley Quartey, Fatima Gutierrez, Janel Mendoza, Janet Papadakos, Meredith Giuliani","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120586","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine the education and training needs of health care practitioners (HCPs) in the Philippines who encounter lung oligometastatic cancer patients. Lung oligometastatic disease is among the most common sites for cancer spread and has the most established practices for treating oligometastases. A modified version of the Hennessy-Hicks Training Needs Assessment Questionnaire was administered online to HCPs working in private and public centers in the Philippines. HCPs were recruited via purposive sampling. Twenty-seven HCPs completed the questionnaire (47% response rate). Respondents were mostly female (59%) and between the ages of 30 and 39 years (70%). Three-quarters (74%) were consultants, and most respondents were radiation oncologists (44%) or medical oncologists (30%). Medical oncologists rated Management/Supervisory Tasks (mean = 1.42) as their highest area of training need while radiation oncologists rated Clinical Tasks (mean = 1.30) as their highest training need. Pulmonologists (mean = 0.60) and other specialists (mean = 1.00) rated Administration tasks as their top area of training need. The clinical task-related category was rated the highest need among the continuing medical education topics. This study provides valuable insights for the implementation and advancement of a comprehensive curriculum in clinical oncology, specifically designed to enhance the administrative, clinical, and research capacities of oncologists who encounter oligometastatic lung disease in the Philippines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7950-7959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The tumor staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) plays a significant role in both treatment and prognosis, impacting surgical planning and adjuvant therapy decisions. Currently, the staging of CRC is based on the TNM system developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. Prior studies have suggested that survival rates and recurrent rates of T4a tumors appear to be worse than that of T4b tumors, although there is currently no consensus. Therefore, we collected patient data from Taichung Veterans General Hospital over the past decade in order to conduct further research.
Method: Between 2010 and 2018, a total of 5760 newly diagnosed CRC patients were seen at the hospital. To eliminate the influence of any local lymph node involvement or distant organ metastasis on the research results, we focused on patients with pathologic Stage IIc disease (T4a-bN0M0). Patients with rectal cancer who had received neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy were excluded. Ultimately, 132 patients were included in this study. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for both 10-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).
Results: A total of 132 patients were included in the study, with 90 classified as T4a and 42 as T4b. The 10-year CSS for pT4a and pT4b was 72.5% and 56.5%, respectively, with a p-value of 0.011. The 10-year OS for pT4a and pT4b was 48.4% and 42.5%, respectively, with a p-value of 0.086. There was no significant difference in the site of first recurrence between the pT4a and pT4b groups (p-value = 0.936). Overall, patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy therapy had a significantly better prognosis (p-value < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in prognosis between oral 5-FU and FOLFOX.
Conclusion: Based on our data, patients diagnosed with pathologic T4aN0M0 CRC appeared to experience a trend toward better 10-year OS when compared to those with T4bN0M0 disease, but this trend lacks statistical significance. Patients with locally advanced Stage II colon cancer clearly benefited from adjuvant chemotherapy therapy; therefore, FOLFOX may not necessarily be required.
目的:结直肠癌(CRC)的肿瘤分期对治疗和预后均有重要影响,影响手术计划和辅助治疗决策。目前,CRC的分期是基于美国癌症联合委员会(American Joint Committee on Cancer)制定的TNM系统。先前的研究表明,T4a肿瘤的生存率和复发率似乎比T4b肿瘤差,尽管目前尚无共识。因此,我们收集台中退伍军人总医院近十年的病患资料,以作进一步研究。方法:2010年至2018年,本院共收治新诊断的结直肠癌患者5760例。为了消除任何局部淋巴结累及或远处器官转移对研究结果的影响,我们重点研究了病理性IIc期疾病(T4a-bN0M0)患者。同时接受新辅助放化疗的直肠癌患者被排除在外。最终,132名患者被纳入本研究。采用多变量Cox回归分析确定影响10年癌症特异性生存(CSS)和总生存(OS)的独立危险因素。结果:共纳入132例患者,其中T4a级90例,T4b级42例。pT4a和pT4b的10年CSS分别为72.5%和56.5%,p值为0.011。pT4a和pT4b的10年OS分别为48.4%和42.5%,p值为0.086。pT4a组与pT4b组首次复发部位比较差异无统计学意义(p值= 0.936)。总体而言,接受辅助化疗的患者预后明显较好(p值< 0.05)。然而,口服5-FU与FOLFOX的预后无显著差异。结论:根据我们的数据,与T4bN0M0疾病相比,病理性T4aN0M0 CRC患者的10年OS似乎有更好的趋势,但这种趋势缺乏统计学意义。局部晚期II期结肠癌患者明显受益于辅助化疗;因此,FOLFOX可能不一定是必需的。
{"title":"The Clinical Characteristics of a Stage II Colorectal Cancer T4 Tumor: A Ten-Year Single-Center Research Report.","authors":"Bo-Zhi Lin, Chang-Lin Lin, Feng-Fan Chiang, Chou-Chen Chen, Ming-Cheng Chen, Chun-Yu Lin, Shang-Chih Huang","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120584","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The tumor staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) plays a significant role in both treatment and prognosis, impacting surgical planning and adjuvant therapy decisions. Currently, the staging of CRC is based on the TNM system developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. Prior studies have suggested that survival rates and recurrent rates of T4a tumors appear to be worse than that of T4b tumors, although there is currently no consensus. Therefore, we collected patient data from Taichung Veterans General Hospital over the past decade in order to conduct further research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Between 2010 and 2018, a total of 5760 newly diagnosed CRC patients were seen at the hospital. To eliminate the influence of any local lymph node involvement or distant organ metastasis on the research results, we focused on patients with pathologic Stage IIc disease (T4a-bN0M0). Patients with rectal cancer who had received neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy were excluded. Ultimately, 132 patients were included in this study. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for both 10-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 132 patients were included in the study, with 90 classified as T4a and 42 as T4b. The 10-year CSS for pT4a and pT4b was 72.5% and 56.5%, respectively, with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.011. The 10-year OS for pT4a and pT4b was 48.4% and 42.5%, respectively, with a <i>p</i>-value of 0.086. There was no significant difference in the site of first recurrence between the pT4a and pT4b groups (<i>p</i>-value = 0.936). Overall, patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy therapy had a significantly better prognosis (<i>p</i>-value < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in prognosis between oral 5-FU and FOLFOX.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our data, patients diagnosed with pathologic T4aN0M0 CRC appeared to experience a trend toward better 10-year OS when compared to those with T4bN0M0 disease, but this trend lacks statistical significance. Patients with locally advanced Stage II colon cancer clearly benefited from adjuvant chemotherapy therapy; therefore, FOLFOX may not necessarily be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7924-7935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
STIL is a regulatory protein essential for centriole biogenesis, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including malignancies. However, its role in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we examined STIL expression and its potential association with chromosomal numerical abnormalities (CNAs) in NSCLC using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, immunohistochemical analysis, and in vitro experiments with NSCLC cell lines designed to overexpress STIL. TCGA data revealed upregulated STIL mRNA expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), the two major subtypes of NSCLC. Immunohistochemical analysis of cases from our hospital (LUAD, n = 268; LUSC, n = 98) revealed STIL protein overexpression. To elucidate the functional role of STIL, an inducible STIL-overexpressing H1299 NSCLC cell line was generated. Overexpression of STIL in these cells promoted centrosome amplification, leading to chromosomal instability. Finally, analysis of arm-level chromosomal copy number alterations from the TCGA dataset revealed that elevated STIL mRNA expression was associated with CNAs in both LUAD and LUSC. These findings suggest that STIL overexpression is associated with CNAs in NSCLC, likely through centrosome amplification, which is linked to chromosomal instability and might represent a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
STIL是中心粒生物发生所必需的调节蛋白,其失调与包括恶性肿瘤在内的多种疾病有关。然而,其在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们利用癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据集、免疫组织化学分析和设计过表达STIL的非小细胞肺癌细胞系的体外实验,研究了STIL表达及其与染色体数值异常(CNAs)的潜在关联。TCGA数据显示,STIL mRNA在肺腺癌(LUAD)和肺鳞状细胞癌(LUSC)这两种非小细胞肺癌的主要亚型中表达上调。本院病例免疫组化分析(LUAD, n = 268;LUSC, n = 98)显示STIL蛋白过表达。为了阐明STIL的功能作用,我们构建了一个可诱导的过表达STIL的H1299 NSCLC细胞系。这些细胞中STIL的过度表达促进中心体扩增,导致染色体不稳定。最后,来自TCGA数据集的臂水平染色体拷贝数改变分析显示,LUAD和LUSC中升高的STIL mRNA表达与CNAs相关。这些发现表明,STIL过表达可能通过中心体扩增与非小细胞肺癌中的CNAs相关,这与染色体不稳定性有关,可能是非小细胞肺癌治疗的潜在治疗靶点。
{"title":"STIL Overexpression Is Associated with Chromosomal Numerical Abnormalities in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Through Centrosome Amplification.","authors":"Shunsuke Ohtsuka, Hisami Kato, Rei Ishikawa, Hirofumi Watanabe, Ryosuke Miyazaki, Shin-Ya Katsuragi, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Hidetaka Yamada, Yasuhiro Sakai, Yusuke Inoue, Yusuke Takanashi, Keigo Sekihara, Kazuhito Funai, Haruhiko Sugimura, Kazuya Shinmura","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120585","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>STIL is a regulatory protein essential for centriole biogenesis, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including malignancies. However, its role in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we examined STIL expression and its potential association with chromosomal numerical abnormalities (CNAs) in NSCLC using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, immunohistochemical analysis, and in vitro experiments with NSCLC cell lines designed to overexpress STIL. TCGA data revealed upregulated STIL mRNA expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), the two major subtypes of NSCLC. Immunohistochemical analysis of cases from our hospital (LUAD, <i>n</i> = 268; LUSC, <i>n</i> = 98) revealed STIL protein overexpression. To elucidate the functional role of STIL, an inducible STIL-overexpressing H1299 NSCLC cell line was generated. Overexpression of STIL in these cells promoted centrosome amplification, leading to chromosomal instability. Finally, analysis of arm-level chromosomal copy number alterations from the TCGA dataset revealed that elevated STIL mRNA expression was associated with CNAs in both LUAD and LUSC. These findings suggest that STIL overexpression is associated with CNAs in NSCLC, likely through centrosome amplification, which is linked to chromosomal instability and might represent a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7936-7949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31120582
Konstantinos Kamposioras, Panagiotis Ntellas, Katerina Dadouli, Eleftherios Christodoulis, Marios Adamou, Daniel Anderson, Anup Shanthappa, Jacqueline Connell, Joseph Williams, Lilly Simpson, Theodora Germetaki, Michael Braun, Jorge Barriuso, Jurjees Hasan, Saifee Mullamitha, Kalena Marti, Mark Saunders, Kok Haw Jonathan Lim
PICO-SM was a prospective longitudinal study investigating the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with colorectal cancer treated in a large UK tertiary cancer centre. Here, we present the impact of the third wave of the pandemic (December 2021 to February 2022), when the Omicron variant became prevalent in the UK, and the complete longitudinal comparison across the entire duration of this study. Patients were invited to complete a questionnaire, including screening psychometric tools. In total, n = 312 patients were included in the final analysis. Specifically, in this Omicron-predominant wave, n = 96 patients were studied in detail: the mean age was 64 years, 64% were male, 33% reported poor well-being, 27% anxiety, 11% depressive symptoms, and 3% trauma-related symptoms. The participants who had investigations cancelled (OR 9.22, 95% CI 1.09-77.85; p = 0.041) or felt that the pandemic would affect their mental health (OR 3.82, 95% CI 1.96-7.44; p < 0.001) had an increased risk of anxiety according to a multivariate analysis. Similarly, independent predictors of poor well-being included concern that the pandemic would affect their cancer treatment (OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.03-20.56; p = 0.046) or mental health (OR 3.90, 95% CI 1.38-11.03; p = 0.010). The psychological distress experienced by patients, particularly anxiety, remained high during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. These results align with our previously reported findings, emphasising the importance of continuing cancer treatment amidst an ongoing humanitarian emergency.
PICO-SM是一项前瞻性纵向研究,旨在调查COVID-19大流行对英国一家大型三级癌症中心治疗的结直肠癌患者的心理影响。在这里,我们介绍了第三波大流行(2021年12月至2022年2月)的影响,当时欧米克隆变异在英国流行,并在整个研究期间进行了完整的纵向比较。患者被邀请完成一份问卷,包括筛选心理测量工具。最终分析共纳入n = 312例患者。具体来说,在这个以omicron为主的波中,详细研究了n = 96例患者:平均年龄为64岁,64%为男性,33%报告幸福感差,27%焦虑,11%抑郁症状,3%创伤相关症状。取消调查的参与者(OR 9.22, 95% CI 1.09-77.85;p = 0.041)或认为大流行会影响他们的心理健康(or 3.82, 95% CI 1.96-7.44;多变量分析显示,P < 0.001)焦虑风险增加。同样,健康状况不佳的独立预测因素包括担心大流行会影响他们的癌症治疗(OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.03-20.56;p = 0.046)或心理健康(or 3.90, 95% CI 1.38-11.03;P = 0.010)。在第三波COVID-19大流行期间,患者经历的心理困扰,特别是焦虑,仍然很高。这些结果与我们之前报告的结果一致,强调了在持续的人道主义紧急情况下继续进行癌症治疗的重要性。
{"title":"Longitudinal Follow-Up of the Psychological Well-Being of Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Final Analysis of PICO-SM.","authors":"Konstantinos Kamposioras, Panagiotis Ntellas, Katerina Dadouli, Eleftherios Christodoulis, Marios Adamou, Daniel Anderson, Anup Shanthappa, Jacqueline Connell, Joseph Williams, Lilly Simpson, Theodora Germetaki, Michael Braun, Jorge Barriuso, Jurjees Hasan, Saifee Mullamitha, Kalena Marti, Mark Saunders, Kok Haw Jonathan Lim","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120582","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PICO-SM was a prospective longitudinal study investigating the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with colorectal cancer treated in a large UK tertiary cancer centre. Here, we present the impact of the third wave of the pandemic (December 2021 to February 2022), when the Omicron variant became prevalent in the UK, and the complete longitudinal comparison across the entire duration of this study. Patients were invited to complete a questionnaire, including screening psychometric tools. In total, n = 312 patients were included in the final analysis. Specifically, in this Omicron-predominant wave, n = 96 patients were studied in detail: the mean age was 64 years, 64% were male, 33% reported poor well-being, 27% anxiety, 11% depressive symptoms, and 3% trauma-related symptoms. The participants who had investigations cancelled (OR 9.22, 95% CI 1.09-77.85; <i>p</i> = 0.041) or felt that the pandemic would affect their mental health (OR 3.82, 95% CI 1.96-7.44; <i>p</i> < 0.001) had an increased risk of anxiety according to a multivariate analysis. Similarly, independent predictors of poor well-being included concern that the pandemic would affect their cancer treatment (OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.03-20.56; <i>p</i> = 0.046) or mental health (OR 3.90, 95% CI 1.38-11.03; <i>p</i> = 0.010). The psychological distress experienced by patients, particularly anxiety, remained high during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. These results align with our previously reported findings, emphasising the importance of continuing cancer treatment amidst an ongoing humanitarian emergency.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7903-7913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) is the only approved combination of two immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic or advanced renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Inadequate evidence of treatment with NIVO + IPI has been reported in Japanese cohorts. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of NIVO + IPI treatment. Patients with mRCC who received NIVO + IPI at nine Japanese facilities between August 2018 and March 2023 were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint in this study was the assessment of oncological outcomes in patients with mRCC who received NIVO + IPI. Eighty-four patients with mRCC were enrolled. The median follow-up period was 18.3 months, and median progression-free and overall survival were 13.3 and 50.9 months, respectively. The objective response rate was 47.6%, and the disease control rate was 78.6%. To our knowledge, this is the largest study that evaluates Japanese patients with mRCC receiving NIVO + IPI treatment. In this study, the real-world oncological outcomes after NIVO + IPI treatment were comparable to those in the CheckMate 214 study.
{"title":"Real-World Oncological Outcomes of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study in Japan.","authors":"Tomoki Taniguchi, Koji Iinuma, Kei Kawada, Takashi Ishida, Kimiaki Takagi, Masayuki Tomioka, Makoto Kawase, Kota Kawase, Keita Nakane, Yuki Tobisawa, Takuya Koie","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120583","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) is the only approved combination of two immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic or advanced renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Inadequate evidence of treatment with NIVO + IPI has been reported in Japanese cohorts. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of NIVO + IPI treatment. Patients with mRCC who received NIVO + IPI at nine Japanese facilities between August 2018 and March 2023 were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint in this study was the assessment of oncological outcomes in patients with mRCC who received NIVO + IPI. Eighty-four patients with mRCC were enrolled. The median follow-up period was 18.3 months, and median progression-free and overall survival were 13.3 and 50.9 months, respectively. The objective response rate was 47.6%, and the disease control rate was 78.6%. To our knowledge, this is the largest study that evaluates Japanese patients with mRCC receiving NIVO + IPI treatment. In this study, the real-world oncological outcomes after NIVO + IPI treatment were comparable to those in the CheckMate 214 study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7914-7923"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-09DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31120581
Guillermo Valencia, Patricia Rioja, Miguel Chirito, Olenka Peralta, Jorge Sánchez, Connie Rabanal, Raúl Mantilla, Zaida Morante, Hugo Fuentes, Carlos Castaneda, Tatiana Vidaurre, Cristian Pacheco, Silvia Neciosup, Henry L Gomez
Advanced breast cancer is an incurable disease, with a median overall survival of 3 years, including in countries without access problems. Although chemotherapy is reserved in some cases, it is still used in many countries as a first-line therapy. The aim of our study is to evaluate the first-line treatment choices and the factors that influence therapeutic decisions. A retrospective analysis was conducted of hormone receptor (+)/HER2 (-) advanced breast cancer patients classified into three groups according to the first-line and second-line treatment received: endocrine therapy-chemotherapy, endocrine therapy-endocrine therapy and chemotherapy-endocrine therapy. Additionally, we explored the overall survival of sequencing therapy groups. First-line chemotherapy was chosen in 34% of patients. Also, around 60% of our patients met the "aggressive disease" criteria from the RIGHT Choice trial, justifying the use of chemotherapy in a population with poor prognosis. Furthermore, de novo and progressive disease were prognostic factors that influenced the use of chemotherapy as a first-line treatment. Regarding overall survival, the sequencing treatment groups in this trial saw an increase in survival compared with patients of the MONALEESA trials (endocrine therapy alone arms). No significant differences in progression-free survival or overall survival were found in the treatment sequencing groups. There was a higher use of chemotherapy as a first-line therapy, with de novo and "aggressive disease" criteria being the main factors to influence the decision.
{"title":"First-Line (1L) Treatment Decision Patterns and Survival of Hormone Receptor (HR)-Positive/HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC) Patients in a Latin American (LATAM) Public Institution.","authors":"Guillermo Valencia, Patricia Rioja, Miguel Chirito, Olenka Peralta, Jorge Sánchez, Connie Rabanal, Raúl Mantilla, Zaida Morante, Hugo Fuentes, Carlos Castaneda, Tatiana Vidaurre, Cristian Pacheco, Silvia Neciosup, Henry L Gomez","doi":"10.3390/curroncol31120581","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol31120581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced breast cancer is an incurable disease, with a median overall survival of 3 years, including in countries without access problems. Although chemotherapy is reserved in some cases, it is still used in many countries as a first-line therapy. The aim of our study is to evaluate the first-line treatment choices and the factors that influence therapeutic decisions. A retrospective analysis was conducted of hormone receptor (+)/HER2 (-) advanced breast cancer patients classified into three groups according to the first-line and second-line treatment received: endocrine therapy-chemotherapy, endocrine therapy-endocrine therapy and chemotherapy-endocrine therapy. Additionally, we explored the overall survival of sequencing therapy groups. First-line chemotherapy was chosen in 34% of patients. Also, around 60% of our patients met the \"aggressive disease\" criteria from the RIGHT Choice trial, justifying the use of chemotherapy in a population with poor prognosis. Furthermore, de novo and progressive disease were prognostic factors that influenced the use of chemotherapy as a first-line treatment. Regarding overall survival, the sequencing treatment groups in this trial saw an increase in survival compared with patients of the MONALEESA trials (endocrine therapy alone arms). No significant differences in progression-free survival or overall survival were found in the treatment sequencing groups. There was a higher use of chemotherapy as a first-line therapy, with de novo and \"aggressive disease\" criteria being the main factors to influence the decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"31 12","pages":"7890-7902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11674048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}