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2011 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications最新文献

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Identification of DC motor drive system model using Radial Basis Function (RBF) Neural Network 基于径向基函数神经网络的直流电机驱动系统模型辨识
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108685
I. Yassin, M. Taib, M. A. Abdul Aziz, N. Abdul Rahim, N. Tahir, A. Johari
In this paper, we present a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN)-based Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Model with Exegeneous Inputs (NARX) model of a DC motor drive controller model by (Rahim, 2004). Tests were conducted to measure the accuracy of the model (using One Step Ahead (OSA) and its validity (using correlation tests and histogram analysis). The resulting model produced Mean Square Error (MSE) of 8.53 × 10−3 and 8.82 × 10−3 on the training set and test set, respectively, while fulfilling all validation tests performed.
在本文中,我们提出了一个基于径向基函数神经网络(RBFNN)的非线性自回归模型(NARX)的直流电机驱动控制器模型(Rahim, 2004)。通过测试来衡量模型的准确性(使用领先一步(OSA))及其有效性(使用相关测试和直方图分析)。所得到的模型在训练集和测试集上产生的均方误差(MSE)分别为8.53 × 10−3和8.82 × 10−3,同时执行了所有验证测试。
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引用次数: 6
Performance analysis of a power line communication system over a non-white additive Gaussian noise channel 非白加性高斯噪声信道上电力线通信系统的性能分析
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108720
M. Rahman, S. Majumder
Performance analysis of a power line communication system is presented considering the noise as a cyclostationary non-white Gaussian random process. The instantaneous variance of noise is considered as a function of frequency with an exponential power delay profile. An analytic approach is presented to evaluate the performance of a power line communication link in the presence of the above limitations. The expression of the signal to noise ratio is developed considering the frequency and time dependence of the cyclostationary noise. The system bit error rate (BER) is then evaluated numerically for several system parameters like system bit rate, Fourier coefficients of the non-white Gaussian noise process etc. The BER results show that there is deterioration in system BER due to time and frequency dependence of noise and the degradation is found to be significant at higher bit rates and bandwidth. The system suffers penalty in receiver sensitivity due to non-white nature of the noise process.
对电力线通信系统进行了性能分析,考虑噪声是一个循环平稳的非白高斯随机过程。噪声的瞬时方差被认为是频率的函数,具有指数型的功率延迟曲线。提出了一种分析方法来评估存在上述限制的电力线通信链路的性能。考虑了周期平稳噪声的频率依赖性和时间依赖性,给出了信噪比的表达式。然后对系统的比特率、非高斯白噪声过程的傅立叶系数等系统参数进行了系统误码率的数值计算。结果表明,由于噪声的时间和频率依赖性,系统的误码率会下降,并且在更高的比特率和带宽下,系统的误码率下降更为明显。由于噪声过程的非白性质,系统在接收机灵敏度上受到了惩罚。
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引用次数: 1
TriBot: Dragging locomotion three-finger robot TriBot:拖动运动的三指机器人
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108737
Khairul Shariman Bin Kalid, P. Sebastian, A. B. Saman
In mobile robotics, sometimes a non-conventional locomotion is more suitable where the terrain is rough, uneven, unstable surface or the path has only small opening for maneuvering such as in a search and rescue situation, exploration of hostile area or handling of hazardous materials. Dragging is a type of non-conventional locomotion has the benefits of being physically small, able to move on rough surface and simple to implement. This paper describes a tele-operated three-finger robot that uses dragging to achieve locomotion. Through coordinated motion of the three fingers, it can move forward, backward, left and right by dragging its body.
在移动机器人中,有时在地形粗糙、凹凸不平、表面不稳定或路径只有很小开口的情况下,如在搜索和救援情况下,探索敌对区域或处理危险物质时,非常规运动更适合。拖拽是一种非传统的运动方式,它的优点是体积小,能够在粗糙的表面上移动,而且操作简单。本文介绍了一种采用拖动方式实现移动的遥控三指机器人。通过三个手指的协调运动,它可以通过拖动身体向前、向后、向左、向右移动。
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引用次数: 1
Asynchronous to synchronous: A design methodology 异步到同步:一种设计方法
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108711
C. K. Ong, M. T. Mustaffa, L.H. Goh
This paper presents the methodology of converting an asynchronous design to a synchronous design. As the size of transistor is shrinking, the difficulty of a design to meet the timing has increased. Continuously shrinking of transistor size from time to time has increased the on-die variation such as Process, Voltage, and Temperature (PVT) variation of the chip. Since Performance Verification (PV) or Static Timing Analysis (STA) tools is unable to accurately calculate the timing of asynchronous design, asynchronous design is required to migrate to synchronous based design for the STA tools to ensure the silicon timing can be met across PVT. A proper design methodology of converting asynchronous design to synchronous design is proposed in this paper. An Intel 8254 Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) is used as a case study. Current Intel 8254 timer is an asynchronous based design and it has approximately 12,000 gates. STA is performed after conversion and results shows the timing of synchronous design can be fully verified by STA. Additional comparison for area is made as well.
本文介绍了将异步设计转换为同步设计的方法。随着晶体管尺寸的不断缩小,满足时间要求的设计难度也随之增加。晶体管尺寸的不断缩小增加了芯片上的变化,如工艺、电压和温度(PVT)变化。由于性能验证(PV)或静态时序分析(STA)工具无法准确计算异步设计的时序,因此异步设计需要迁移到基于同步的STA工具设计中,以确保跨pvt可以满足硅时序。本文提出了将异步设计转换为同步设计的适当设计方法。使用Intel 8254可编程间隔定时器(PIT)作为案例研究。目前的英特尔8254定时器是基于异步的设计,它有大约12000个门。转换后进行了恒态分析,结果表明,恒态分析可以充分验证同步设计的时序。另外还对面积进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
A very fast power factor calculation method 一个非常快速的功率因数计算方法
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108761
A. S. Al-Khalid, S. Omran
This paper describes a very fast method of calculating the power factor (p.f.) for a power line. Only two progressive samples of the current and voltage are required to execute the measurement. A phase locked loop (PLL) frequency multiplier scheme allows for an accurate measurement independent of the power line frequency fluctuation.
本文介绍了一种快速计算电力线功率因数的方法。只需要两个电流和电压的渐进样本来执行测量。锁相环(PLL)倍频方案允许独立于电力线频率波动的精确测量。
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引用次数: 3
Safe operating condition and lifetime estimation in p-MOSFET device due to Negative Bias Temperature Instability 负偏置温度不稳定性下p-MOSFET器件的安全工作状态和寿命估计
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108788
H. Hussin, N. Soin
Negative Bias Temperature Instability is a serious reliability concerns for modern p-MOSFETs with Effective Oxide Thickness less than 2nm. This reliability problem can severely affect the device performance and limit the lifetime of the device. This paper is focusing on the safe operating condition and lifetime estimation of the p-MOSFET device with regard to NBTI effects. To explore the variation of safe operating condition and lifetime estimation, p-MOSFET having EOT 1nm was systematically simulated by varying the hydrogen species, measurement delay, stress temperature and stress gate voltage. The hydrogen species is varied based on molecular and atomic hydrogen. The measurement delay is simulated based on the measurement delay as found in literature. The stress temperature is varied from 80°C to 100°C and the stress gate voltage is varied from −0.5V to −1V. The simulation result shows that the safe operating voltage for molecular hydrogen and atomic hydrogen is almost the same but the device lifetime estimation for molecular hydrogen is less than atomic hydrogen. For higher measurement delay, the lifetime estimation is higher compare to no delay while the safe operating voltage estimated for 5 years lifetime shows no significant different. The lifetime estimation for variation of temperature shows that the higher stress temperature contributes to more reduction in the device lifetime. The safe operating voltage condition is decreases as the temperature increases. Meanwhile, for the simulated stress voltage, the lifetime estimation of the device is increases as the absolute value of the stress voltage decreases.
负偏置温度不稳定性是现代有效氧化厚度小于2nm的p- mosfet的严重可靠性问题。这种可靠性问题会严重影响设备的性能并限制设备的使用寿命。本文主要研究了在NBTI效应下p-MOSFET器件的安全工作条件和寿命估计。为了探索EOT为1nm的p-MOSFET的安全工作条件和寿命估计的变化,通过改变氢的种类、测量延迟、应力温度和应力栅电压,系统地模拟了EOT为1nm的p-MOSFET。氢的种类是根据分子氢和原子氢而变化的。在文献测量时延的基础上,对测量时延进行了仿真。应力温度范围为80℃~ 100℃,应力栅电压范围为−0.5V ~−1V。仿真结果表明,分子氢和原子氢的安全工作电压几乎相同,但分子氢的器件寿命估计小于原子氢。当测量延迟较大时,寿命估计值比无延迟时高,而在5年寿命下的安全工作电压估计值无显著差异。温度变化下的寿命估计表明,应力温度越高,器件寿命的降低幅度越大。安全工作电压条件随着温度的升高而降低。同时,对于模拟应力电压,随着应力电压绝对值的减小,器件的寿命估计值增大。
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引用次数: 3
Multiple polynomial regression for modeling a MOSFET in saturation to validate the Early voltage 在饱和状态下对MOSFET进行多元多项式回归建模以验证早期电压
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108712
Md. Arafat Hossain Khan, A. Rahman, T. Muntasir, U. Acharjee, Md. Abu Layek
Early voltage is indeed a very simple form of calculation for mathematical ease. But Channel Length Modulation is not actually linear. The non-linear Channel Length Modulation is in fact tells nothing strict about the Early voltage conception of MOSFET. For very short channel devices or thin oxide insulation, there arises lots of parameters which must be considered. The simulators uses lot more difficult equations to calculate the quantities. This paper deals with HSPICE, that uses hundreds of parameters to return the real world situation as it considers lots of non-ideal effects like- Non-uniform doping, Short channel DIBL effects, Narrow-width effect, Gate to substrate leakage, Bulk charge effect, Velocity saturation of intrinsic and extrinsic case, Drain induced threshold shift by pocket implant, Velocity overshoot, Flicker noise, Temperature dependence and a lot more complexities [1]. This paper describes the numerical approach to show whether the existing Early voltage approximation is valid for BSIM3 or BSIM4 MOSFET Model equations of HSPICE as they almost predict the real world situation. The most significant contribution of this paper is to propose a multiple polynomial regression method that can best approximate the Early voltage as well as the MOSFET characteristics in saturation.
早期电压确实是一种非常简单的数学计算形式。但是信道长度调制实际上不是线性的。非线性通道长度调制实际上并没有严格说明MOSFET的早期电压概念。对于极短通道器件或薄氧化物绝缘,有许多必须考虑的参数。模拟器使用更复杂的方程来计算数量。本文讨论的是HSPICE,它考虑了许多非理想效应,如非均匀掺杂、短通道DIBL效应、窄宽度效应、栅极到衬底泄漏、体电荷效应、内在和外在情况下的速度饱和、口袋植入引起的漏极阈值移位、速度超调、闪烁噪声、温度依赖性等,使用数百个参数返回真实世界的情况。本文描述了现有的早期电压近似对HSPICE的BSIM3或BSIM4 MOSFET模型方程是否有效的数值方法,因为它们几乎预测了现实世界的情况。本文最重要的贡献是提出了一种多多项式回归方法,可以最好地近似早期电压以及饱和状态下的MOSFET特性。
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引用次数: 4
The implementation of crossover factor, fTIG in the Finite Persisting Sphere Genetic Algorithm 有限持续球遗传算法中交叉因子的实现
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108776
K. Kamil, K. H. Chong, S. K. Tiong, K. Yeap
In this paper, a crossover factor, fTIG is introduced to the Finite Persisting Sphere Genetic Algorithm (FPSGA). The factor provides a variable range of the loop in the process of Finite Persisting Sphere. By the existing of the variable range, the risk to have too large number of loop or too small number of loop in the FPSGA can be reduced. Too large number of loop will risk of repeating using the same data and too small number of loop will cause the loss of good genes in the FPSGA. By the proposed approach, potential to achieve the global solution in a small number of population will be increased and at the same time less time required running the process in the loop. This paper show that FPSGA with fTIG has higher global solution compared to other method and this method has faster converges to the global solution. The experiment result revealed the superiority of fTIG in FPSGA.
在有限持续球遗传算法(FPSGA)中引入交叉因子fTIG。因子提供了有限持续球过程中循环的可变范围。通过变量范围的存在,可以降低FPSGA中环路数量过多或过少的风险。环路数量过多会有重复使用相同数据的风险,环路数量过少会导致FPSGA中良好基因的丢失。通过所建议的方法,将增加在少数人口中实现全球解决方案的可能性,同时减少在循环中运行过程所需的时间。结果表明,采用fTIG的FPSGA算法比其他方法具有更高的全局解,且收敛速度更快。实验结果显示了fTIG在FPSGA中的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
Energy level performance of error control schemes in WSN over Rayleigh fading channel 瑞利衰落信道下WSN误差控制方案的能级性能
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108695
A. Nandi, S. Kundu
This paper evaluates energy level performance of error control strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in presence of Rayleigh fading. More precisely Forward Error Correcting (FEC) and Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) technique are studied for a square grid WSN. ARQ scheme is compared with FEC scheme in terms of Packet Error Rate (PER), energy efficiency and total energy spent to communicate packetized data. The impact of Rayleigh fading, node spatial density and packet lengths on energy efficiency and energy expenditure is discussed. Further an optimum FEC scheme with the maximum energy efficiency for a given node spatial density and packet size is investigated. The impact of node spatial density, Rayleigh fading and packet length on optimal error correcting capability is indicated. Energy efficiency for several error correcting capabilities and packet lengths is also evaluated.
本文对存在瑞利衰落的无线传感器网络中误差控制策略的能级性能进行了评价。研究了方形网格无线传感器网络中更精确的前向纠错(FEC)和自动重复请求(ARQ)技术。在分组误码率(Packet Error Rate, PER)、能量效率和传输分组数据所花费的总能量方面,对ARQ方案与FEC方案进行了比较。讨论了瑞利衰落、节点空间密度和分组长度对能量效率和能量消耗的影响。进一步研究了在给定节点空间密度和包大小的情况下,具有最大能量效率的最优FEC方案。分析了节点空间密度、瑞利衰落和分组长度对最优纠错能力的影响。还评估了几种纠错能力和数据包长度的能源效率。
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引用次数: 5
Side-coupled single-mode ring resonator with transmission zeros 带传输零点的侧耦合单模环形谐振器
Pub Date : 2011-12-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISIEA.2011.6108783
N. Ab Wahab, M. K. Mohd Salleh, O. H. Hassan, Z. Awang
A single-mode ring resonator which is fed along one of its quarter-wavelength sides is presented. The resonator's response presents transmission zeros whose frequencies can be modified by adjusting the line impedance of the ring and the coupling level of the feeding coupled-line. The proposed topology introduced much simpler bandpass filter configuration and reduced the number of control parameters. This idea is tested on FR4 microstrip substrate using the electromagnetic simulation. The measurement results are then presented in this paper to show its feasibility.
提出了一种沿其四分之一波长边馈电的单模环形谐振器。谐振器的响应呈现传输零,传输零的频率可以通过调整环的线阻抗和馈电耦合线的耦合电平来改变。所提出的拓扑结构引入了更简单的带通滤波器配置,并减少了控制参数的数量。在FR4微带基板上进行了电磁仿真实验。最后给出了测量结果,证明了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2011 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications
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