Dental materials journal最新文献

The current research investigated the effects of the addition of nano-carbonated hydroxyapatite (nCHAp) along with influences on physioterico-chemical properties that are applicable to vital pulp therapy in mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA Angelus). Settling time and solubility analyses, pH, compressive strength and surface microhardness were carried out in samples containing 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt% nCHAp. Results were proven to be concentration-dependent, where the 3% nCHAp provided the best results with a significant increase of setting time (64%), decreasing solubility to 0.88±0.15% (672 h), and pH was maintained greater than 9.2 during the 28 days, together with a considerable enhancement of compressive strength (74.00±1.33 MPa) or surface microhardness (78.12±0.97 kg/mm² at 28 days). High concentrations (more than 4%) had a negative influence on both mechanical stability and the pH stability, a fact related to particle agglomeration and over-substitution. The findings indicate that incorporation of 3% nCHAp into MTA enhances its physicochemical characteristics without altering the main features needed in pulp therapy.

This study aimed to evaluate how three silver diamine fluoride (SDF) treatments-38% SDF, 3.8% SDF, and SDF combined with potassium iodide (SDF/KI)-affect resin-dentin bond strength, dentin microhardness, and silver compound deposition. Bovine root dentin was treated with each solution and analyzed using micro-tensile bond testing, Vickers hardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis. The 38% SDF group showed significantly reduced bond strength due to superficial silver deposition, which was restored by removing a 0.1 mm dentin layer after one week. In contrast, the 3.8% SDF and SDF/KI groups maintained bond strength and showed minimal silver accumulation. The XANES confirmed the presence of silver iodide (AgI) in the SDF/KI group. These findings suggest that superficial dentin removal after 38% SDF treatment, or the use of diluted (3.8%) or modified (SDF/KI) SDF, may preserve bonding performance while retaining caries-arresting effects.

To investigate the osteogenic potential of a novel composite coating -micro-arc oxidation combined with polydopamine and nanoclay (MAO-PDA-NC)- on titanium substrates, coatings were fabricated via micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and impregnation techniques. Pure titanium (TI) was the control, while MAO-PDA-NC-coated titanium functioned as the experimental specimen. After surface characterization, a 5 mm critical-sized calvarial defect model was established bilaterally in rat skulls. Titanium implants were randomly allocated to the defect sites, either uncoated or coated with MAO-PDA-NC. The regenerative response was assessed through micro-computed tomography, histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Results demonstrated that MAO-PDA-NC-modified titanium significantly enhanced new bone formation, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. These characteristics show broad application prospects in the field of implant surface modification.

Tooth replantation is often compromised by the loss of periodontal ligament (PDL) integrity, leading to inflammatory root resorption and treatment failure. In this study, we investigated the regenerative potential of decellularized porcine pericardium (DPP), manufactured by either high hydrostatic pressure or surfactant decellularization. After evaluating the structural integrity and mechanical characteristics of the DPP, it was wrapped around the roots of extracted rat teeth to observe the biological response. PDL cells migrated onto the surface of DPP, establishing connection between DPP and PDL tissue. When rat molars were replanted with DPP wrapped around the root, recellularization of DPP and restoration of PDL were observed, along with the gradual augmentation of periostin-positive area within the PDL space. Severity of root resorption and inflammation was suppressed in DPP-wrapped roots. These findings suggest that DPP supports PDL regeneration and can serve as a clinically applicable material for improving tooth replantation outcomes.

This study evaluated the accuracy of digital and conventional impressions using different materials in fully edentulous jaws with implants at varying angulations. Two master models were fabricated: one with four parallel and another with four implants placed according to the all-on-4 protocol. Impressions were obtained using three materials-polyvinyl siloxane (PVS), polyether (PE), and polyvinyl siloxane ether (PVSE)-and a digital scanner (TRIOS 4). Conventional impressions were cast, scanned with an extraoral scanner, and compared with the reference models via Geomagic Control X software. In the parallel model, digital impressions exhibited significantly greater deviation values than PE (p=0.016). In the angulated model, PE demonstrated significantly lower deviation values compared to PVSE (p=0.007) and digital impressions (p=0.016). Deviation values increased with implant angulation in all groups, except PVSE, which showed no statistically significant difference. Polyether provided the highest accuracy. Implant angulation adversely affected accuracy across most impression methods.

The longevity of dental restorations is highly dependent on the durability of the resin-dentin interface, where collagen degradation and bacterial infiltration remain key challenges. Lignin, a natural and sustainable polymer, offers antioxidant, cross-linking, and antimicrobial potential, and its combination with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could further enhance antibacterial efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the use of lignin and lignin-capped AgNPs (lignin/AgNPs) as bio-based fillers in dental adhesives to improve collagen stability and antibacterial performance. Incorporating 0.5 wt% lignin and 0.5 wt% lignin/AgNPs into dental adhesives significantly improved bond strength, increasing from 15.36 MPa to 22.87 MPa and 27.54 MPa, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed improved collagen cross-linking. While lignin alone provided limited antibacterial effects, lignin/AgNPs achieved strong activity against Streptococcus mutans. Importantly, both adhesives maintained bond strength after 6-month aging and exhibited no cytotoxicity at clinically relevant concentrations. These findings support their application in the development of advanced dental materials.

The present article describes the fabrication of a bioresorbable, antibacterial bone cement comprising carbonate apatite (CO₃Ap) and gentamicin sulfate (GNT). We focused on a fast-setting CO₃Ap cement using vaterite and monetite as raw powders and Na₂HPO₄ as a mixing solution, to which we added GNT. The initial setting time, physical properties, drug release property, antibacterial property, and in vivo bioresorbability and biocompatibility of the CO₃Ap cements were evaluated. The addition of GNT decreased the initial setting time without affecting the other physical properties of the set cements. Moreover, the GNT-loaded CO₃Ap cements demonstrated potential for drug sustained-release and prevented the growth of Escherichia coli. In vivo studies, the cement formed osteoconductive connections with the bone-like tissues in rat tibia; however, delayed bioresorption was observed. Based on these results, we conclude that GNT-loaded CO₃Ap cements that reduce the risk of surgical site infection are potential candidates for bioabsorbable bone cement.

Surface physical and chemical modifications can effectively enhance implant biocompatibility and soft tissue adhesion. In this study, titanium (Ti) plates were modified by magnetron sputtering to incorporate strontium (Sr), and the effects of Sr-doped Ti materials on fibroblast proliferation and adhesion were systematically evaluated. The results demonstrated that Sr-doped Ti significantly improved L929 fibroblast proliferation, cellular morphology during adhesion, and adhesion strength. Surface characterization by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy confirmed the successful incorporation of Sr and revealed changes in surface morphology and potential. RNA sequencing and Western blot analyses showed that Sr enhanced fibroblast adhesion by activating the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)/PKC/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of CaSR effectively reversed the Sr-induced promotion of fibroblast adhesion and AKT activation. These findings suggest that Sr-functionalized Ti implants can promote fibroblast adhesion and early soft tissue integration, offering a promising strategy to improve implant success rates and prevent peri-implant diseases.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of tooth whitening and prevalence of tooth sensitivity between 6% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and 10 % carbamide peroxide (CP) at-home whitening systems. Forty-eight patients were chosen and divided into two groups: 6% HP (Tion Take Home With, WI) and 10% CP (Tion Take Home Platinum, PL). Both groups followed the manufacturer's instructions. The whitening procedures were performed over a 10 day period of 1 h per day in WI and a 14 day period of 2 h per day in PL. Tooth color changes were measured with a spectrophotometer. The pain intensity was assessed using a numerical rating scale. No significant differences in ΔE*ab, ΔE₀₀, and ΔW_ID were found between the groups. Tooth sensitivity was more prevalent in WI than in PL. Ten days of 6% HP use was as effective as 14 days of 10% CP.

Since 1982, 4-META/MMA-TBB resin cement (Superbond, Sun Medical, Moriyama, Shiga, Japan; SB) has been applied to preserve root fractures (RFs) in 317 patients (369 roots) treated in our clinic from February 1982 to December 2016, respecting patients' wishes. Follow-up data were collected as of December 31, 2021. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 92.7% and 65.9%, respectively, with a median survival time of 15.08 years. A multivariate Cox hazard model identified patient age and Masaka's classification (Type M-1: U-shaped RFs treated by intraoral adhesion method) as significant prognostic factors. The hazard ratio for age was 1.022 (95% CI: 1.008-1.037). Type M-1 cases showed a 10-year survival rate of 94.7% with more than half of the treated teeth remaining functional at the time of data collection. These findings suggest that SB can effectively restore and maintain the function of RFs for a decent period.