Dental materials journal最新文献

This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy, biocompatibility, and surface effects of a denture cleanser containing Reynoutria elliptica extract. The cleanser was prepared with extract concentrations of 0, 100, and 150 μg/mL combined with 1% coco betaine as a natural surfactant. Antimicrobial efficacy against Candida albicans was tested, along with evaluations of surface microhardness, roughness, color stability, and solubility of acrylic resin after immersion. Biocompatibility was assessed using an agar diffusion assay and cytotoxicity tests. Results showed that the denture cleanser exhibited significant antimicrobial activity without altering surface properties or causing cytotoxic effects. These findings highlight the potential of denture cleansers formulated with R. elliptica extract to preserve the structural integrity and aesthetics of denture base materials while providing effective antimicrobial protection. This study offers valuable insights for developing natural, biocompatible denture cleansers for safe and effective dental care.

This study investigated the effects of carbon nanohorns (CNHs) coated on titanium surfaces on macrophage responses. The CNHs were electrodeposited on titanium discs to create a uniform coating with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 µm. Analysis of macrophages cultured on CNH-modified titanium (CNH/Ti) revealed decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL6) and increased IL10 gene expression compared to unmodified titanium. Immunofluorescence analysis showed higher expression of the M2 marker CD206 and lower expression of the M1 marker CD86 on the CNH/Ti surfaces. Gene expression analysis indicated downregulation of genes involved in DNA transcription, repair, and replication, correlating with controlled cell proliferation on CNH/Ti. These findings demonstrate that CNH modification on titanium surfaces influences macrophage cytokine production and phenotype marker expression, suggesting its potential application in dental implant development.

This study evaluated the chemical profile of toothpastes (TPs) and mouthrinses (MRs) and their effects on tooth enamel ultrastructure, and the viability of human dental pulp fibroblasts (hDPF). Four TPs and MRs containing different remineralizing agents (arginine, potassium nitrate, pro arginine, and stannous chloride) were analyzed for pH, titratable acidity (TA), and ion concentrations (Ca⁺², K⁺, Na⁺²). Enamel ultrastructure was evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell viability was assessed after treatments exposure. TPs and MRs had pH values ranging from 4.43 to 8.87, with SnCl₂-MR showing the highest TA. Alterations in enamel surface were observed with decrease of Amide I, carbonate and potassium peaks. Combinations of TP+MR reduced calcium concentration. Cell viability was reduced as response to all TP+MR combinations, except to ProArg-MR. These findings suggest that combining TPs and MRs may not enhance their effectiveness and could harm enamel and dental pulp cells.

This bibliometric analysis is aimed at identifying and analyzing the articles on the dental applications of enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs). Data were obtained from the Web of Science and analyzed using the Bibliometrix program. Publications indexed in SCI-Expanded and ESCI under 'Dentistry, Oral Surgery, and Medicine' were included, while non-English and non-article/review types were excluded. A total of 854 articles were reviewed, focusing on: article performance, word analysis, co-citation, and thematic analysis. Data analysis showed a growing number of publications in this field over time. Sculean A emerged as the leading researcher, while the Journal of Clinical Periodontology was the most influential journal. Recent research trends primarily focused on periodontal regeneration. Finally, thematic analysis revealed two motor themes, four niche themes, two emerging/declining themes, and three basic theme clusters. This bibliometric analysis highlights the increasing interest and the emergence of new research trends in the field of EMDs in dentistry.

Nutrients diffusion through barrier membranes used in guided bone regeneration is much theorized but few data are available so far. In this study, direct measurement of the water and solute permeability coefficients of five commercial barrier membranes was performed and the results were correlated with scanning electron microscopy findings. First the hydraulic permeability was addressed in short (3 h) and extended periods (3 weeks) assays, then the membranes were further investigated for diffusion of selected solutes (glucose and NaCl). The collagen membrane had the highest initial water permeability, 10 times greater than the polylactide one, and 500 times greater than the expanded-PTFE one, all of which decreased significantly over the 3-weeks test period, whereas dense-PTFE membranes were both found impermeable, the results being positively correlated with solute permeability coefficients and convergent with the SEM findings.

Oral candidiasis is a significant health concern, especially for elderly individuals. The present study examined chitosan as a potential antimicrobial dental material for Candida albicans treatment. Four types of chitosan products purified from Chionoecetes opilio and Decapodiformes, with varying weight average molecular weight and degree of deacetylation (DAC) were used. Antimicrobial activity was assessed with fungal viability assays, culture turbidity measurements, and live/dead cell staining, while mechanism of action was determined by examining extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and gene expression changes. All examined products exhibited antimicrobial activity, with Decapodiformes-derived chitosan showing better efficacy. Greater molecular weight was correlated with immediate effects and higher DAC with sustained activity. Chitosan treatment increased extracellular ATP and ROS levels, and suppression of genes involved in mitochondrial biosynthesis and drug resistance. These findings suggest potential use of chitosan as an antimicrobial agent in dental materials for oral candidiasis prevention and treatment.

The study evaluated the effects of postoperative bleaching with HP and CP on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and nanoleakage of composite restorations using total-/self-etch protocols. Sixty incisors with Black V cavities were restored using a multimode adhesive in total-/self-etch mode and resin composite. Samples were divided into five groups: control, CP×2, CP×5, HP×2, HP×5. After bleaching, 1×1×8 mm composite blocks (n=10) were tested for μTBS, and failure types were assessed. Two samples per group were analyzed for nanoleakage via scanning electron microscope (SEM). Two-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni correction, and stepwise linear regression were applied. CP×5 and HP×5 groups exhibited significantly reduced μTBS compared to control, and the self-etch protocol resulted in lower values regardless of bleaching method. Regression analysis confirmed significant effects of adhesive (total-etch) and bleaching (CP×5, HP×5). A significant relationship was found between failure modes and bleaching methods for each adhesive protocol, with adhesive failures being the most frequent. SEM revealed nanoleakage in all groups.

This study aimed to determine the influence of air abrasion on the shear bond strength (SBS) of universal adhesives when using different abrasive powders. The AquaCare Twin served as the injection device. The prepared bovine dentin specimens were air- abraded with alumina particles or bioactive glass before applying the universal adhesive (All Bond Universal, Clearfil Universal Bond Quick ER, or Scotchbond Universal Plus Adhesive). The resin composite-bonded specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h before measuring the SBS. The roughness and free energy of the adherent surfaces were measured, followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and SEM/Energy dispersive X-ray analyses. Dentin pre-treatment and the adhesives used significantly affected the SBS values (p<0.001). Significant interactions were observed between pre-treatment conditions and the adhesive system (p<0.001). The bond strengths of universal adhesive depended on the surface properties of the dentin and the powder used.

This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of various composite resins (CRs) on human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, focusing on material composition and ion release. Eight CRs of three sizes were tested: Large (6.5 mm diameter, 1.5 mm thickness), Medium (2.0 mm diameter, 1.5 mm thickness), and Small (1.5 mm diameter, 0.5 mm thickness). Cytotoxicity was assessed by cell counting on immortalized and primary PDL cell lines. CRs containing Surface pre-reacted glass ionomer filler showed significant size-dependent cytotoxicity, with larger specimens exhibiting higher ion release of BO₃^3-, Sr²⁺, SiO₃^2-, and F^-, which correlated with adverse effects. Smaller specimens with reduced ion release had lower cytotoxicity and sometimes promoted cell proliferation. These results emphasize the role of material composition and ion release in the biocompatibility of CR for subgingival restorations. Optimizing specimen size and controlling ion release could mitigate adverse effects, suggesting further research to balance therapeutic benefits and risks in periodontal tissues.

The encapsulation and the release of ascorbate-2-phosphate (AsAP) and β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) in microspheres (MSs) consist of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(ε-caploractone) (PCL) with octacalcium phosphate (OCP) were studied. AsAP-loaded PLGA/PCL (50:50) MSs (AsAP-MSs) were prepared using a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion evaporation. β-GP-loaded PLGA/PCL MSs (β-GP-MS) were prepared similarly while β-GP was directly added in oil. The oil phase dichloromethane was evaporated producing pores in MSs. MSs were characterized by physical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The drug encapsulation efficiency (E.E.) was evaluated by spectrophotometer after water-extracting. The drug releases into supernatant were analyzed after incubating in 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES)-NaCl buffer at 37°C for 36 days. E.E. was 89% for AsAP and 67% for β-GP, and AsAp was released immediately while β-GP was continuously released. OCP was hydrolyzed to hydroxyapatite, affecting β-GP release. PLGA/PCL MSc with OCP may be effective for the release of osteogenic factors.