Developmental biology最新文献

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Drosophila as a model to study autophagy during oogenesis 果蝇作为研究卵发生过程中自噬的模型。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.013

Mrunmayee Kulkarni , Nidhi Murmu , Minal Ayachit , Karan Selarka , Kiran Nilangekar , Bhupendra V. Shravage

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process that is essential for maintaining cellular and developmental homeostasis in eukaryotes. Drosophila oogenesis offers a robust model for investigating the spatial and temporal regulation of autophagy within a complex developmental framework that involves cells from both germline and somatic lineages. This tightly regulated cascade of events enables the differentiation of a germline stem cell into a mature oocyte. Autophagy contributes to cellular quality control, nutrient sensing, and the regulation of developmental cell death, all of which are critical for proper egg development and maturation. Disruption of autophagy influences oogenesis, resulting in defective egg chamber development, altered apoptotic dynamics, abnormally shaped mitochondria and compromised mitophagy. Methodological advances, including immunofluorescence-based detection, live imaging using fluorescent reporters, and ultrastructural analysis via transmission electron microscopy, have significantly enhanced the ability to monitor autophagic activity in the ovary. This review summarizes current evidence that establishes autophagy as a key regulatory mechanism during oogenesis. Additionally, it offers an opportunity to investigate the role of autophagy in various cellular processes, including cell division, gene amplification, endocycling, collective cell migration, and cytoplasmic streaming for embryonic polarity, nurse cell dumping, and programmed cell death during Drosophila oogenesis.

自噬是一种进化上保守的分解代谢过程，对维持真核生物的细胞和发育稳态至关重要。果蝇的卵发生为研究一个复杂的发育框架中涉及生殖系和体细胞谱系的自噬的空间和时间调节提供了一个强大的模型。这种严格调控的级联事件使种系干细胞向成熟卵母细胞的分化成为可能。自噬有助于细胞质量控制、营养感知和发育性细胞死亡的调节，所有这些都对卵子的正常发育和成熟至关重要。自噬的破坏影响卵发生，导致卵室发育缺陷，凋亡动力学改变，线粒体形状异常和线粒体自噬受损。方法上的进步，包括基于免疫荧光的检测，使用荧光报告的实时成像，以及通过透射电子显微镜进行超微结构分析，大大提高了监测卵巢自噬活性的能力。这篇综述总结了目前的证据，证明自噬是卵子发生过程中的关键调控机制。此外，它还提供了一个机会来研究自噬在各种细胞过程中的作用，包括细胞分裂、基因扩增、内环作用、细胞集体迁移、胚胎极性的细胞质流动、护理细胞倾倒和果蝇卵发生过程中的程序性细胞死亡。

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引用次数: 0

Exosomal packaging directs unique Shh functions during neural plate development. 外泌体包装在神经板发育过程中指导独特的Shh功能。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.014

Liam Russell

引用次数: 0

Got guts? The biomechanical secrets of chick foregut assembly. 有胆量吗?鸡前肠组合的生物力学秘密。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.020

Brenda Pardo

引用次数: 0

How one early signal orchestrates the architecture of hearing. 一个早期信号是如何协调听觉结构的。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.018

Ninadini Sharma

引用次数: 0

Under pressure: How mechanical forces guide airway branching. 压力下：机械力如何引导气道分支。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.017

Mikayla Eppert

引用次数: 0

How do electric eels work? New observations on the world's oldest (organic) battery. 电鳗是如何工作的？对世界上最古老的（有机）电池的新观察。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.019

Kate Windsor

引用次数: 0

Evolutionary conservation of midline axon guidance activity between Drosophila and Tribolium Frazzled 果蝇和Tribolium frazzia中线轴突引导活动的进化守恒

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.015

Piyasi Ghosh, Benjamin C. Wadsworth, Logan Terry, Timothy A. Evans

The regulation of midline crossing of axons is of fundamental importance for the proper development of nervous system connectivity in bilaterian animals. A number of conserved axon guidance signaling pathways coordinate to attract or repel axons at the nervous system midline to ensure the proper regulation of midline crossing. The attractive Netrin-Frazzled/DCC (Net-Fra) signaling pathway is widely conserved among bilaterians, but it is not clear whether the mechanisms by which Net and Fra promote midline crossing are also conserved. In Drosophila, Fra can promote midline crossing via Netrin-dependent and Netrin-independent mechanisms, by acting as a canonical midline attractive receptor and also through a non-canonical pathway to inhibit midline repulsion via transcriptional regulation. To examine the conservation of Fra-dependent axon guidance mechanisms among insects, in this paper we compare the midline attractive roles of the Frazzled receptor in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. We replace the Drosophila fra gene with sequences encoding Drosophila Fra (DmFra) or Tribolium Fra (TcFra) and examine midline crossing of axons in the ventral nerve cord of embryos carrying these modified alleles. We show that Tribolium Fra can fully substitute for Drosophila Fra to promote midline crossing of axons in the embryonic nervous system, suggesting that the mechanisms by which Frazzled regulates midline axon guidance are evolutionarily conserved within insects.

轴突中线交叉的调节对双边动物神经系统连通性的正常发育具有重要意义。许多保守的轴突引导信号通路协调吸引或排斥神经系统中线的轴突，以确保中线交叉的适当调节。有吸引力的Net- frzzled /DCC （Net-Fra）信号通路在双边动物中广泛保守，但尚不清楚Net和Fra促进中线交叉的机制是否也保守。在果蝇中，Fra既可以作为典型的中线吸引受体，也可以通过非典型途径通过转录调控抑制中线排斥，通过依赖和不依赖netrin的机制促进中线交叉。为了研究昆虫中fraz依赖性轴突引导机制的保守性，我们利用CRISPR/ cas9介导的基因编辑技术，比较了fraz受体在果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）和面粉甲虫（Tribolium castaneum）中的中线吸引作用。我们用编码果蝇fra （DmFra）或Tribolium fra （TcFra）的序列替换果蝇fra基因，并检测携带这些修饰等位基因的胚胎腹侧神经索轴突中线交叉。我们发现Tribolium Fra可以完全替代果蝇Fra促进胚胎神经系统中线轴突的交叉，这表明Frazzled调节中线轴突引导的机制在昆虫中是进化保守的。

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引用次数: 0

Associations of genetic variants in the PPARD gene to racing performance in pigeons (Columba livia) PPARD基因变异与鸽子比赛表现的关系。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.011

Monika Stefaniuk-Szmukier , Weronika Klecel , Tomasz Szmatoła , Katarzyna Ropka-Molik

Although pigeon racing is primarily a hobby, a niche market exists where elite birds with outstanding sports results may reach values of thousands of euros. The presented study aimed to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms located within the coding sequence of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Delta gene as potential marker candidates for race performance traits in sports pigeons. Our results confirmed the occurrence of two missense variants, c.79G > A (p.Gly27Arg); c.142 T > G (p.Ser48Ala); and one within the 3′UTR region - c.∗271C > T. Statistical analysis showed a significant association at the c.∗271C > T locus according to speed and trend for the coefficient. Preliminary results suggest a novel candidate gene for racing performance in sport pigeons.

虽然赛鸽主要是一种爱好，但也存在一个利基市场，在那里，运动成绩优异的精英鸟可能达到数千欧元的价值。本研究旨在评估位于过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体基因编码序列内的单核苷酸多态性，作为运动鸽种族性能性状的潜在标记候选者。我们的结果证实了c.79G>A （p.Gly27Arg）两个错义变体的存在；c.142T > G (p.Ser48Ala);另一个在3'UTR区域- c.*271C>T。统计分析表明，根据系数的速度和趋势，c.*271C>T位点存在显著的相关性。初步结果表明，一种新的候选基因决定了运动鸽的比赛表现。

引用次数: 0

Editorial: “Oogenesis: following the pattern and eccentricities” 社论：“卵子发生：遵循模式和怪癖”。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.012

Malgorzata Kloc PhD, Dr. Sc.

引用次数: 0

The RhoA signaling pathway is required for planarian intestinal regeneration RhoA信号通路是涡虫肠道再生所必需的。

IF 2.1 3区生物学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Developmental biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2025.12.010

Runqiu Han , Ning Ding , Shuqi Li, Wei Liu, Yankai Liu, Qingnan Tian

Although some animals are capable of regenerating organs, the mechanisms by which this is achieved are poorly understood. For most tissues and organs, the spatiotemporal dynamics of stem cell differentiation and the fate of tissue that existed prior to injury have not been characterized systematically. Planarians are able to regenerate any missing part of their body after injury, and are thus ideally suited for investigating organ regeneration. Here, we show that Rap1/RhoA/Cofilin pathway is responsible for the intestinal and neural regeneration in planarians. We found that Rap1 is enriched in planarian eyes and intestinal tissues. Both Rap1(RNAi) and RhoA(RNAi) animal commence with decreased expression of gut-specific progenitor marker. Meanwhile, knockdown of Cofilin, which co-expressed with RhoA, caused similar phenotypes with RhoA(RNAi). Moreover, we identified Rnd as a negative regulator of RhoA, the silencing of which recover the defects observed in RhoA(RNAi) animals. Therefore, our findings indicate that Rap1/RhoA/Cofilin pathway is an important regulator of the intestinal regeneration.

虽然有些动物能够再生器官，但实现这一目标的机制尚不清楚。对于大多数组织和器官，干细胞分化的时空动态和损伤前存在的组织的命运尚未被系统地表征。涡虫能够在受伤后再生身体的任何缺失部分，因此非常适合研究器官再生。在这里，我们发现Rap1/RhoA/Cofilin通路负责涡虫肠道和神经再生。我们发现Rap1在涡虫的眼睛和肠道组织中富集。Rap1（RNAi）和RhoA（RNAi）动物均以肠道特异性祖细胞标志物表达降低开始。同时，敲低与RhoA共表达的Cofilin，引起与RhoA（RNAi）相似的表型。此外，我们发现Rnd是RhoA的负调节因子，其沉默可以恢复在RhoA（RNAi）动物中观察到的缺陷。因此，我们的研究结果表明Rap1/RhoA/Cofilin通路是肠道再生的重要调节因子。

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