Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA最新文献

Objective: To establish a parabiosis model between allogenic conspecific adult mice to study two-way paradigm.

Methods: Fifty-four female Balb/c mice and 54 male C57BL/6 mice were paired and equally divided into 3 groups, namely group 1 with normal saline (NS) injection, group 2 with injections of spleen cells and cyclophosphamide (CP), and group 3 injected with spleen cells, CP, and cyclosporin A (CsA). The treatments were performed by injecting the spleen cells from one of the mice in a pair into the other via tail vein and vise versa, and two days after the operation, CP (150 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. Intraperitoneal CsA (30 mg/kg daily) injection was given starting from 2 days before till 7 days after the operation. Twelve of the 18 pairs of parabiosis mice in each group were separated after 1 week, and part of the skin were transplanted to each other. The maintenance of parabiosis was observed in the other 6 pairs of parabiosis mice were observed. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) were observed and studied in the separated mice.

Result: The duration of parabiosis maintenance and skin survival of the group 3 was significantly longer than those in the other two groups, and group 3 showed suppressed MLR and DTH.

Conclusion: With the application of immunosuppressants, we have successfully established the two-way paradigm model in mice.

On 8th November 2005, an academic seminar on avian influenza and influenza in Guangdong Province was held by Guangdong Society of Tropical Medicine and the Epidemiology Committee of the Guangdong Preventive Medicine Society in Southern Medical University, addressing the current problems in epidemics of avian influenza. The specialists attending the conference arrived at the common consideration that at present, the avian influenza virus H5N1 has not the capacity to trigger an pandemic in human population, but scattered cases had been reported to increase the suspicions of H5N1 virus transmission between humans. Due attention should be paid to the tendency of expansion of the host range and epidemic area, and the possibility of disastrous influenza pandemic among human populations persists, for which rational consideration is called for, and the role of specialists should be fully recognized who are endeavoring to examine the possible scale of influenza occurrence and devise strategy to deal with the epidemic in Guangdong province according to the practical situation in China. Increased funds and investment in scientific research on avian influenza is urged for influenza prediction and surveillance, rapid and early diagnostic assays, understanding of virus variation, mechanism of H5N1 virus adaptation to human hosts, effective medicines and vaccines for prevention and therapy of avian influenza. Laboratory bio-safety control should be enforced to prevent infections originated from laboratories. The specialists appeal that the media report the news objectively and issue the public warnings against avian influenza after consulting specialists, so as to avoid unnecessary social panic.

Objective: To investigate the current status of internet-based publication of biomedical journals and website construction in Guangdong province.

Methods: On the platform of the currently available databases for academic science journals (Wanfang Datebase, China Acdemic Journal Network, PubMed and SCI) with the assistance general searching engines, the websites of the medical journals in Guangdong province were evaluated and the editorial offices of the core medical journals in Guangdong province were interviewed.

Results: At present, the internet-based publication of the journals was executed predominantly by 3 means, namely utilization of the access to the websites of the direct sponsor, authoritative websites of science and technology, or independent websites.

Conclusion: Relying on the database system of Wanfang and China Academic Journal Network, for instance, most of the journals can provide access to their full-text resources, but this internet-based publication is somehow delayed in comparison with the print publication. At present, only a few medical journals in Guangdong have built their independent websites, and among those which already have, Journal of First Military Medical University and Cancer are indexed by IM and PubMed, therefore they provide online abstracts of the papers ahead of the print copy publication.

Objective: To construct a novel eukaryotic expression plasmid for recombinant immunotoxin DT390-Rantes and perform preliminary analysis of its function.

Methods: The gene fragment coding for Rantes was obtained from the liver tissues of C57BL/6 mice using RT-PCR, and inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid SRalpha containing DT390 gene to construct the recombinant plasmid DT390-Rantes-SRalpha, which was transformed into E. coli JM109, followed by selection of the positive clones containing the target inserts. The eukaryotic expression plasmid was analysed by PCR, restriction endonuclease digestion and DNA sequencing. The recombinance plasmid DT390-Rantes-SRalpha was transfected into NIH3T3 cells and its expression was observed by immunofluorescence detection. The activity of the expressed DT390-Rantes in vitro was evaluated by MTT assay.

Results: The gene fragment of Rantes was correctly inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid SRalpha as verified by restriction endonuclease digestion and DNA sequencing, and could be expressed in NIH3T3 cells. MTT assay confirmed that the expression product DT390-Rantes could kill activated T cells in vitro.

Conclusions: The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid DT390-Rantes-SRalpha is successfully constructed and expressed in eukaryotic cells. The expressed product can specifically kill activated T cells in vitro.

Objective: To assess the clinical outcome of brain metastatic tumors treated with linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and evaluate the potential prognostic factors.

Methods: We reviewed 102 patients with 131 brain metastatic tumors treated with a linac-based SRS from 1994 to 2002, including 78 patients with solitary and 24 with multiple brain metastases, with the diameter of tumor all within 4 cm. Among these 102 patients, 18 received planned whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) before or after SRS. Ninety-three patients with 120 lesions were evaluated for local tumor control analysis with follow-up imaging data. The patients' survival and local control of the tumors were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method, and the potential prognostic factors were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results: The overall local tumor control rate and the actuarial local tumor control rate at 1 year were 92.5% and 87.6%, respectively. The tumor volume was the single significant predictor for local tumor control (P=0.035). The median survival of the 102 patients was 11 months. In univariate analysis, patients aged over 60 years (P=0.038) with KPS score above 70 (P=0.001), absence of extracranial metastases (P=0.031) and administration of planned WBRT (P=0.025) were significant factors for survival. After adjustment of multivariate analysis, only KPS score was identified as the independent predictor (P=0.033).

Conclusion: SRS is an effective method for treatment of brain metastases, and multiple factors may affect the local tumor control and survival of the patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of short-term chemotherapy on the compliance of rabbit abdominal aorta, and understand the changes in the biomechanical properties of the blood vessels after chemotherapy.

Methods: Fifteen rabbits were divided into 5 groups, 4 of which were subjected to injection with chemotherapeutic agents for 5 days to evaluate the compliance of the abdominal aorta at 2, 7, 14, and 21 days after the therapy with the other group without chemotherapy serving as the control.

Results: The compliance of the abdominal aorta was obviously decreased after chemotherapy and reached the lowest level 14 days after short-term chemotherapy, suggesting that the drugs resulted in vascular injury enough to alter the biomechanical properties of the blood vessels.

Conclusion: Short-term chemotherapy can decrease the compliance of the blood vessels, which may deteriorate with time but such changes can be reversible.

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of early stage thrombolytic therapy with venous urokinase for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Method: The clinic data of 24 patients treated with early stage thrombolytic therapy with venous urokinase and 18 conventional therapy were reviewed, and the repatency of the coronary artery and T-wave inversion within 24 h after the treatment were evaluated.

Result: The repatency rate of urokinase group and conventional therapy group was 62.5% and 15.0%, respectively, showing significant difference (P<0.05). Shorter delay of administration of thrombolytic therapy after infarction onset resulted in higher rate of repatency.

Conclusion: Early stage thrombolytic therapy with venous urokinase can improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the mortality rate of AMI, and is therefore recommended for clinical application.

Objective: To observe the effect of needling in Baihui (DU20), Shuigou (DU26) and Shenmen (HT7) on glucose metabolism in the lentiform nucleus in patients with vascular dementia.

Methods: Ten patients with vascular dementia were randomized equally into control group to receive the treatment of needling in the routine acupoints for hemiplegia (chosen from 6 Yang meridians of hand and foot) and treatment group with needling in 3 additional acupoints of Baihui (DU20), Shuigou (DU26) and Shenmen (HT7) for dementia. All the patients were examined by positron emission tomography (PET) to detect glucose metabolism in the bilateral lentiform nuclei before and after treatment.

Results: Glucose metabolism in the lentiform nucleus in normal lateral brain was obviously enhanced in the treatment group, but not in the bilateral lentiform nuclei in the control group after treatment.

Conclusion: The effect of needling in Baihui (DU20), Shuigou (DU26) and Shenmen (HT7) for treatment of vascular dementia may involve the enhancement of glucose metabolism in the lentiform nucleus.

Objective: To study the relationship between fluconazole (FCZ)-resistance of Candida albicans and the mutation of ERG11 gene encoding FCZ-targeted enzyme.

Method: Three strains of FCZ-susceptible and 10 FCZ-resistent C. albicans were isolated from the urethra, vagina, oropharynx, respiratory tract, prostate secretion and blood samples. ERG11 gene was amplified by PCR using C.albicans genomic DNA extracts as the templates and the DNA sequences of the PCR products were determined and compared using BLAST and Clustal-W softwares.

Results: The comparison of ERG11 gene sequences identified mutations at 21 sites in 13 strains, including 17 same-sense and 4 missense mutations. Base substitutions at the sites of 348 bp and 383 bp resulting in D116E and K128T conversion may take place in both drug-resistant and drug-susceptible strains. The point mutation at the site of 1309 bp of FCZ-resistant strain may cause V437I change, and the base inversion at 1320 bp may give rise to A/C heterozygosity mutant of ERG11 gene, probably resulting in N440K conversion.

Conclusion: FCZ-resistance of C. albicans may be associated with point mutations of V437I and N440K in ERG11 gene, but not with the point mutations of D166E and K128T.

Objective: For treatment of mild degenerative scoliosis (DS) complicated with lumbar canal stenosis (LCS), posterior decompression and the spinal canal enlargement with spinous process osteotomy was performed in combination with fusion and pedicle screw instrument fixation.

Methods: Between 1999 and 2003, 18 male and 26 female elderly patients (with mean age of 63 years, ranging from 47 to 72 years) with DS complicated with LCS were treated with the described surgical procedures, including 25 with single segment lesion and 19 with involvement of 2 segments. A posterior medical incision from one vertebra superior to the target fusion area till the vertebral segment below it was made for spinal exposure. Undermining enlargement of the spinal canal was carried out according to the segments of the stenosis; in some cases the intervertebral disc was resected. Osteotomy was subsequently performed at the base of the spinous process, and the bony defect was covered with the spinous processes. Finally Moe fusion and Isola (17 cases) or Diapason (27 cases) instrument fixation were performed. The therapeutic effects were evaluated according to Oswestry scores and postoperative imaging examinations.

Results: The average follow-up period was 3 years, ranging from 1 to 4 years. Thirty-three patients were followed up for one year and 93.9% of them had excellent or good outcome; 27 patients were followed up of 2 years and showed a rate for excellent or good results of 88.9%. Both sagittal and transverse diameters of the lumbar spinal canal were increased obviously as found by CT scanning without spinal canal scar. A rate of 92.6% of the ostetomized spinous processes had bony fusions. Successful covering bone healing was achieved in a mean of 4 months after surgery. Compressive vertebral fractures superior to the fixed segments occurred in 2 cases, including 1 with pedicle screw loosening and the other with pedicle screw breakage. Another patient had delayed wound healing. No recurrence of LCS, spondylolisthesis and decompensation, or pseudarthrosis of the spine was observed in these cases.

Conclusion: The described surgical procedures for DS can decrease the occurrence of spinal canal scar and promote the healing of the covering bone, and can be a satisfactory treatment for mild DS complicated with LCS in the lumbar sagittal curve.