Pub Date : 2022-09-25DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i6/781-790
Bahuguna Dalai, V. Landge
The increase in traffic volume in urban road networks poses a significant challenge to transportation safety. It is evident that different traffic zones experience unique crash patterns and severities. The different factors that affect crash rates are caused by the various characteristics of the drivers, weather conditions, design of road-side infrastructure and driving behaviour. Although studies have shown that various factors can affect crash rates, there are insufficient studies on the exact catego-rization of these factors. Accordingly, the present study focuses on traffic crashes on streets where the risks of an accident occurrence are higher, using Nagpur city, Maharashtra, India as a case study. Three levels of risk zones were selected, i.e. zone-I (low risk), zone-II (medi-um risk) and zone-III (high risk). The risk zones are created in ArcGIS software using the kernel density esti-mator function. The association rule was then used to find out the various crash risk factors within the zone. The results of the study reveal that the risk of pedestrian fatalities is higher in areas where the speed limit is more than 40 km/h and day-to-day pedestrian activity is present. Based on the results, we propose a lower speed limit in zone-I, in addition to providing pedestrian-crossing facilities such as zebra crossings or refuge islands for cross-walks. Moreover, we propose implementing an awareness campaign for road traffic safety aimed at educating road users on how to follow road discipline, especially with regard to utilizing pedestrian facilities, aggressive young motorcyclists, lane changing and overtaking mano-euvres.
{"title":"Crash risk factor identification using association rules in Nagpur city, Maharashtra, India","authors":"Bahuguna Dalai, V. Landge","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i6/781-790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i6/781-790","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in traffic volume in urban road networks poses a significant challenge to transportation safety. It is evident that different traffic zones experience unique crash patterns and severities. The different factors that affect crash rates are caused by the various characteristics of the drivers, weather conditions, design of road-side infrastructure and driving behaviour. Although studies have shown that various factors can affect crash rates, there are insufficient studies on the exact catego-rization of these factors. Accordingly, the present study focuses on traffic crashes on streets where the risks of an accident occurrence are higher, using Nagpur city, Maharashtra, India as a case study. Three levels of risk zones were selected, i.e. zone-I (low risk), zone-II (medi-um risk) and zone-III (high risk). The risk zones are created in ArcGIS software using the kernel density esti-mator function. The association rule was then used to find out the various crash risk factors within the zone. The results of the study reveal that the risk of pedestrian fatalities is higher in areas where the speed limit is more than 40 km/h and day-to-day pedestrian activity is present. Based on the results, we propose a lower speed limit in zone-I, in addition to providing pedestrian-crossing facilities such as zebra crossings or refuge islands for cross-walks. Moreover, we propose implementing an awareness campaign for road traffic safety aimed at educating road users on how to follow road discipline, especially with regard to utilizing pedestrian facilities, aggressive young motorcyclists, lane changing and overtaking mano-euvres.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73035925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/635-641
.. Garima
: India has vigorously participated in the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Stratospheric Ozone Layer through its noteworthy management and governance. The Montreal Protocol is the international treaty with most nations as signatories to safeguard the ozone layer. For the success of the Protocol, developing (Article-5) and developed (non-Article 5) countries, as well as countries with economies in transition, need to fully adhere to the conditions and provisions of the Montreal Protocol. Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs) have been phased out from all countries. Since 1 August 2008, India has completely phased-out CFCs' production and consumption, almost 17 months ahead of the agreed phase-out schedule. India has contributed to the "Save Ozone" efforts by all the world nations.
{"title":"India’s management and governance in protecting the stratospheric ozone layer","authors":".. Garima","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/635-641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/635-641","url":null,"abstract":": India has vigorously participated in the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Stratospheric Ozone Layer through its noteworthy management and governance. The Montreal Protocol is the international treaty with most nations as signatories to safeguard the ozone layer. For the success of the Protocol, developing (Article-5) and developed (non-Article 5) countries, as well as countries with economies in transition, need to fully adhere to the conditions and provisions of the Montreal Protocol. Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs) have been phased out from all countries. Since 1 August 2008, India has completely phased-out CFCs' production and consumption, almost 17 months ahead of the agreed phase-out schedule. India has contributed to the \"Save Ozone\" efforts by all the world nations.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88624216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/687-693
Deepali Gadkari, Subhankar Das
The Aksa Beach is one of the most drowning incident-prone beaches in Mumbai, India. From 2006 through 2018, an average of 38 people drowned annually. A total of 445 non-fatal drowning victims have been rescued and 47 have died. No studies about these drowning incidents in Aksa Beach have been published. The incidences are classified according to various parameters such as season, tide time, lunar day, gender and age of victims, and locations on the beach to assess drowning hazards. The result is that both natural and demographic factors are responsible for drowning incidents. This study assesses the natural and social causes of drowning and suggests a prevention policy.
{"title":"Risk assessment of drowning incidents at Aksa Beach, Mumbai, India","authors":"Deepali Gadkari, Subhankar Das","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/687-693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/687-693","url":null,"abstract":"The Aksa Beach is one of the most drowning incident-prone beaches in Mumbai, India. From 2006 through 2018, an average of 38 people drowned annually. A total of 445 non-fatal drowning victims have been rescued and 47 have died. No studies about these drowning incidents in Aksa Beach have been published. The incidences are classified according to various parameters such as season, tide time, lunar day, gender and age of victims, and locations on the beach to assess drowning hazards. The result is that both natural and demographic factors are responsible for drowning incidents. This study assesses the natural and social causes of drowning and suggests a prevention policy.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84162139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/642-649
Thorny Chanu Thounaojam, Zesmin Khan, T. Meetei, S. Panda, H. Upadhyaya
Arsenic stress greatly affects plant production, threatening food security, and also human health through food chain. Arsenic alters various physiological processes that subsequently affect plant’s normal metabolism. Plant has different mechanisms to protect from stress, where nanoparticles improve plant metabolisms and defence system, thereby alleviating arsenic stress in plant. Therefore, this review discusses the effects of arsenic in plant at different levels, and the roles of NPs in modulating plant defence system against As stress. This review will be encouraging in future research on plant protective mechanisms against stress and the significance of NPs in plant science and agriculture. nitrite reductase, and glutamate dehydrogease, thereby, reducing NO 3̄ and NO 2 ̄ contents and glutamic acid and glutamine ratio 24,25 . AsV uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, which resulted into the inhibition of ATP synthesis 26 . ATP is formed by phosphorylation of ADP in mitochondria, but due to the interference of AsV with the mitochondrial enzymes, F 1 F o ATP synthase, the enzyme reacts with AsV and formed ADP-AsV and thereby inhibiting the normal metabolism. AsV interferes the activity of polynucleotide phosphorylase enzyme (PNPase), the enzyme that catalyze phosphorolysis and also the exchange of the terminal phosphate group of ADP and Pi. In presence of AsV, PNPase catalyze the arsenolysis of RNA and ADP giving AMP-arsenate 27 . AsV also alters the activity of glycolytic ezymes by substituting the Pi group. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of D -glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-biphospho- D -glycerate (1,3BPG), but presence of AsV inhibited the formation of 1,3BPG, and formed 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate (1As3PG) 28 . The study of Tariang et al. 29 also revealed that As altered activity of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase enzymes, which might have caused to inhibition of carbohydrate metabolism. cell walls by decreasing degree of pectin methylesterification. The SiO 2 NPs treated cell show higher expression of OsNIP1; 1 and OsNIP3; 3 and lower expression of OsLis1 and OsLis2 genes. These findings provide the possibility of using SiO 2 NPs in As-contaminated paddy soil. It has been reported that many other abiotic stresses such as salinity stress, drought and Cd stresses were mitigated by different NPs by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities while lowering ROS 48, 49 . The recent study of Hussain et al. 50 on the use of different NPs (ZnO, FeO and Si) under Cd stress in wheat plant also revealed that NPs ameliorate Cd stress by increasing nutrient uptake and antioxidant enzyme activities, while reducing Cd intake by the plant. The prospective of NPs to mitigate abiotic stress in crop plant was reviewed by Das and Das 51 where the significant roles of NPs in mediating different stresses have been explained. Abiotic stress such as drou
砷胁迫严重影响植物生产，威胁粮食安全，并通过食物链威胁人类健康。砷改变多种生理过程，进而影响植物的正常代谢。植物具有不同的保护机制，其中纳米颗粒改善了植物的代谢和防御系统，从而减轻了植物的砷胁迫。因此，本文就砷在不同水平下对植物的影响以及NPs在调节植物抗砷胁迫中的作用进行了综述。这一综述将为进一步研究植物抗胁迫保护机制以及NPs在植物科学和农业中的重要意义提供参考。亚硝酸盐还原酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶，从而降低no3和no2的含量以及谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺的比值24,25。AsV解偶氧化磷酸化，导致ATP合成抑制26。ATP是由线粒体内ADP的磷酸化形成的，但由于AsV对线粒体酶f1f - ATP合成酶的干扰，酶与AsV反应形成ADP-AsV，从而抑制了正常的代谢。AsV干扰多核苷酸磷酸化酶(PNPase)的活性，PNPase是催化磷酸解的酶，也是ADP和Pi的末端磷酸基交换的酶。在AsV存在的情况下，PNPase催化RNA和ADP的砷溶解，产生amp - arsena27。AsV还通过取代Pi基团改变糖酵解酶的活性。甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)是一种糖酵解酶，可催化D -甘油醛-3-磷酸(G3P)氧化磷酸化为1,3-二磷酸- D -甘油(1,3 bpg)，但AsV的存在抑制了1,3 bpg的形成，形成1-砷-3-磷酸甘油(1As3PG) 28。Tariang et al. 29的研究也揭示了己糖激酶、磷酸果糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶活性的改变，可能导致碳水化合物代谢的抑制。通过降低果胶甲基化程度来破坏细胞壁。sio2nps处理后的细胞OsNIP1表达增加;1和OsNIP3;OsLis1和OsLis2基因表达降低。这些发现为在砷污染的水稻土中使用二氧化硅纳米粒子提供了可能性。据报道，不同的NPs可以通过提高抗氧化酶活性同时降低活性氧来缓解许多其他非生物胁迫，如盐胁迫、干旱胁迫和镉胁迫。Hussain等人最近对不同氮磷酰胺(ZnO、FeO和Si)在Cd胁迫下对小麦植株的影响的研究也表明，氮磷酰胺通过增加养分吸收和抗氧化酶活性来改善Cd胁迫，同时减少植株对Cd的摄入。Das和Das 51综述了NPs缓解作物非生物胁迫的前景，并解释了NPs在介导不同胁迫中的重要作用。Ag、al2o3、fe2o3、tio2、sio2、ZnO等不同NPs通过增加植物体内必需营养素含量和酶促抗氧化和非酶促抗氧化能力，介导干旱、洪涝或盐胁迫等非生物胁迫。Gohari等人48,Duo等人52和Mahammadi等人53也分别证明了补充NPs可以刺激抗氧化酶，增强植物防御系统和对盐、干旱和冷胁迫的耐受性。NPs通过提高抗氧化活性来对抗应激引起的氧化损伤，在改善不同应激条件方面具有很大的潜力。Khan等人(54)和Praveen等人(55)的研究也揭示了抗氧化剂在缓解植物砷中毒中的突出作用。
{"title":"Nanoparticles mitigate arsenic stress in plants by modulating defence mechanisms","authors":"Thorny Chanu Thounaojam, Zesmin Khan, T. Meetei, S. Panda, H. Upadhyaya","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/642-649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/642-649","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic stress greatly affects plant production, threatening food security, and also human health through food chain. Arsenic alters various physiological processes that subsequently affect plant’s normal metabolism. Plant has different mechanisms to protect from stress, where nanoparticles improve plant metabolisms and defence system, thereby alleviating arsenic stress in plant. Therefore, this review discusses the effects of arsenic in plant at different levels, and the roles of NPs in modulating plant defence system against As stress. This review will be encouraging in future research on plant protective mechanisms against stress and the significance of NPs in plant science and agriculture. nitrite reductase, and glutamate dehydrogease, thereby, reducing NO 3̄ and NO 2 ̄ contents and glutamic acid and glutamine ratio 24,25 . AsV uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, which resulted into the inhibition of ATP synthesis 26 . ATP is formed by phosphorylation of ADP in mitochondria, but due to the interference of AsV with the mitochondrial enzymes, F 1 F o ATP synthase, the enzyme reacts with AsV and formed ADP-AsV and thereby inhibiting the normal metabolism. AsV interferes the activity of polynucleotide phosphorylase enzyme (PNPase), the enzyme that catalyze phosphorolysis and also the exchange of the terminal phosphate group of ADP and Pi. In presence of AsV, PNPase catalyze the arsenolysis of RNA and ADP giving AMP-arsenate 27 . AsV also alters the activity of glycolytic ezymes by substituting the Pi group. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative phosphorylation of D -glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to 1,3-biphospho- D -glycerate (1,3BPG), but presence of AsV inhibited the formation of 1,3BPG, and formed 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate (1As3PG) 28 . The study of Tariang et al. 29 also revealed that As altered activity of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase enzymes, which might have caused to inhibition of carbohydrate metabolism. cell walls by decreasing degree of pectin methylesterification. The SiO 2 NPs treated cell show higher expression of OsNIP1; 1 and OsNIP3; 3 and lower expression of OsLis1 and OsLis2 genes. These findings provide the possibility of using SiO 2 NPs in As-contaminated paddy soil. It has been reported that many other abiotic stresses such as salinity stress, drought and Cd stresses were mitigated by different NPs by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities while lowering ROS 48, 49 . The recent study of Hussain et al. 50 on the use of different NPs (ZnO, FeO and Si) under Cd stress in wheat plant also revealed that NPs ameliorate Cd stress by increasing nutrient uptake and antioxidant enzyme activities, while reducing Cd intake by the plant. The prospective of NPs to mitigate abiotic stress in crop plant was reviewed by Das and Das 51 where the significant roles of NPs in mediating different stresses have been explained. Abiotic stress such as drou","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82307830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/667-676
Pinaki Roy, B. Hansra, R. R. Burman, S. Bhattacharyya, T. N. Roy, Rouf Ahmed
{"title":"Can farm mechanization enhance small farmers’ income? Lessons from Lower Shivalik Hills of the Indian Himalayan Region","authors":"Pinaki Roy, B. Hansra, R. R. Burman, S. Bhattacharyya, T. N. Roy, Rouf Ahmed","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/667-676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/667-676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73009688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/703-707
A. Rameshkumar, S. Sardar, B. Majumder, S. Dey, S. Kazmi
Lippia alba , an introduced species of Lippia has widely been used in traditional and folk medicine. Being in-compatible with self-pollination, these plants rely on pollinators, particularly bees, for reproduction. In this study, floral association of the bee pollinators/visitors belonging to four families of Apoidea with L. alba has been examined.
{"title":"Observation of bee pollinators (Apoidea) on a medicinal plant, Lippia alba (Mill.) (Verbenaceae)","authors":"A. Rameshkumar, S. Sardar, B. Majumder, S. Dey, S. Kazmi","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/703-707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/703-707","url":null,"abstract":"Lippia alba , an introduced species of Lippia has widely been used in traditional and folk medicine. Being in-compatible with self-pollination, these plants rely on pollinators, particularly bees, for reproduction. In this study, floral association of the bee pollinators/visitors belonging to four families of Apoidea with L. alba has been examined.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74147147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/677-686
Reeta Singh, D. R. Pant, Resham Baniya
Sound or noise pollution has become a pressing issue in the major cities of the world. The rapidly growing and densely populated Kathmandu city in Nepal is no excep-tion. Traffic noise level data were recorded in the field using sound-level meters. Each observation session was for 3 h (8–11 am) and (3–6 pm) at an interval of 10 sec on working days. The vehicle flow status was studied by direct observation, while the time series of noise pollution data and vehicles registered were updated from secondary sources. Further, various noise descriptors like traffic noise level, noise pollution level, equivalent continuous sound level ( L eq), minimum sound level and maximum sound level were determined to assess noise pollution. It was found that there was no significant difference in the descriptors between the morning and evening traffic flow periods at a 5% level of significance. At all the 20 studied road junctions, L eq exceeded 70 dB(A) surpassing the recommended levels of national as well as international noise standards. If the present noise pollution level persists in Kathmandu with the growing population and number of vehicles, it will increase the chances of adverse health effects on the population.
{"title":"Traffic noise pollution assessment along the Ring Road of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal","authors":"Reeta Singh, D. R. Pant, Resham Baniya","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/677-686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/677-686","url":null,"abstract":"Sound or noise pollution has become a pressing issue in the major cities of the world. The rapidly growing and densely populated Kathmandu city in Nepal is no excep-tion. Traffic noise level data were recorded in the field using sound-level meters. Each observation session was for 3 h (8–11 am) and (3–6 pm) at an interval of 10 sec on working days. The vehicle flow status was studied by direct observation, while the time series of noise pollution data and vehicles registered were updated from secondary sources. Further, various noise descriptors like traffic noise level, noise pollution level, equivalent continuous sound level ( L eq), minimum sound level and maximum sound level were determined to assess noise pollution. It was found that there was no significant difference in the descriptors between the morning and evening traffic flow periods at a 5% level of significance. At all the 20 studied road junctions, L eq exceeded 70 dB(A) surpassing the recommended levels of national as well as international noise standards. If the present noise pollution level persists in Kathmandu with the growing population and number of vehicles, it will increase the chances of adverse health effects on the population.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91088044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/707-711
Pardeep Singh, P. Adhale, A. Guleria, M. Vaidya
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{"title":"Is crop diversification vulnerable to climate, agricultural and socio-economic factors in Himachal Pradesh, India?","authors":"Pardeep Singh, P. Adhale, A. Guleria, M. Vaidya","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/707-711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/707-711","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78611833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/650-657
R. Tariq, Ejaz ul Hassan, M. Anjum, Muhammad Nawaz Khan, Z. Ashraf, Fiaz Alam, Abdul Mannan, M. Amirzada, M. Asad
{"title":"Multifunctional toxin phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in Naja oxiana venom, a promising target for 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives","authors":"R. Tariq, Ejaz ul Hassan, M. Anjum, Muhammad Nawaz Khan, Z. Ashraf, Fiaz Alam, Abdul Mannan, M. Amirzada, M. Asad","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i5/650-657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i5/650-657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83863487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i5/658-666
H. Kumar, P. Verma, S. John, D. Blaise
Water stress has a detrimental effect on growth and development, which alters physio-biochemical activities. Seed priming with elicitors such as methyl jasmonate and paclobutrazol can mitigate the impact of drought stress. Therefore, pot-culture studies were conducted with drought-tolerant (DTS-155) and drought-suscep-tible (IC-357055) cotton genotypes to assess the seed priming effects of elicitors (methyl jasmonate and paclobutrazol) on the physio-biochemical changes and gene expression. The dose (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) and time interval (1.5 and 2.5 h) experiments of both the elicitors were performed separately. On the basis of germination, seedling growth and vigour, a 150 mM elicitor for 1.5 h time interval was found to be the best. Biochemical and physiological parameters confirmed an increase in relative water content, total antioxidant activities, chlorophyll, superoxide dismutase, catalase and proline under drought stress in both the genotypes, but a decrease in lipid peroxidation. Among the elicitors, methyl jasmonate improved drought tolerance as compared to paclobutrazol. Gene expression studies with Rub-S , Rub -L and Osmotin confirmed the results. Transcript abundance of Osmotin and Rub-L was upre-gulated under drought stress in both the genotypes and was highest in methyl jasmonate primed samples. These findings suggest that priming with methyl jasmonate enhances drought tolerance in cotton.
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