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Pedestrian safety analysis at urban midblock section under mixed traffic conditions using time to collision as surrogate safety measure 以碰撞时间为替代安全措施的混合交通条件下城市街区中间路段行人安全分析
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i9/1117-1128
H. Golakiya, Ritvik Chauhan, C. Bari, A. Dhamaniya
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引用次数: 0
Salt-pan bacteria as potential plant growth promoters and their antagonistic activity to fungal pathogens of Capsicum annuum L. 盐盘菌作为植物生长促进剂及其对辣椒真菌病原菌的拮抗作用。
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i9/1129-1135
M. Pawaskar, K. P. Krishnan, S. Kerkar
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引用次数: 1
Space technology support for development of agriculture in the North Eastern Region of India – scope and challenges 空间技术支持印度东北地区农业发展——范围和挑战
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/975-986
B. Handique, C. Goswami, P. Das, J. Goswami, P. Jena, F. Dutta, D. Jha, S. Aggarwal
The North Eastern Region of India (NER) has tremendous scope for accelerating its growth in agriculture and allied areas through advanced data acquisition, interpretation and dissemination methods with geospatial technology. For several thematic applications, geospatial tools and techniques are being used to provide synoptic, cost-efficient and timely information for effective crop planning and monitoring in the region. A review of space applications in agriculture, horticulture, sericulture, land-use suitability, shifting cultivation, groundwater pro-specting, soil resources management, etc. has been made, highlighting the scope and limitation of using these advanced technologies. Satellite remote sensing has several limitations in NER, viz. small and fragmented farmlands, persistent clouds during monsoon, mixed farming, steep hills, etc. Considering these facts, unmanned aerial vehi-cles (UAVs) are used as an alternative for satellite remote sensing applications in agriculture. The increased availability of very high resolution satellite and UAV data will offer opportunities for innovative solutions to fulfil specific user needs of agriculture and allied sectors in NER.
印度东北地区(NER)有巨大的空间可以通过先进的数据采集、解释和传播方法以及地理空间技术来加速其农业和相关领域的增长。在若干专题应用中,正在使用地理空间工具和技术为该区域有效的作物规划和监测提供概括性、成本效益高和及时的信息。综述了空间技术在农业、园艺、蚕桑、土地利用适宜性、轮作栽培、地下水勘探、土壤资源管理等方面的应用,指出了这些先进技术的应用范围和局限性。卫星遥感在东北地区有几个限制,即小而破碎的农田,季风期间持续的云,混合耕作,陡峭的山丘等。考虑到这些事实,无人驾驶飞行器(uav)被用作农业卫星遥感应用的替代方案。高分辨率卫星和无人机数据可用性的增加将为创新解决方案提供机会,以满足NER农业和相关部门的特定用户需求。
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引用次数: 0
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 genome fragment in urban, peri-urban and rural water bodies: a temporal and comparative analysis 城市、近郊和农村水体中SARS-CoV-2基因组片段的监测:时间和比较分析
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/987-994
M. Hemalatha, Athmakuri Tharak, Harishankar Kopperi, U. Kiran, C. Gokulan, R. Mishra, S. V. Mohan
As a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, water bodies connected to anthropogenic activities may likely reveal the presence of viral genetic material. Urban, periurban and rural water bodies in and around Hyderabad, Telangana, India, were monitored for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 gene fragments during the first and second wave of COVID-19 infection. The SARS-CoV-2 genes were not detected in peri-urban and rural lakes, whereas urban lakes having direct functional attributes from domestic activity showed prevalence. Distinct variability in viral load observed among five water bodies was in concordance with human activity in the catchment area. High viral load was observed during the peaks of the first and second waves, specifically in urban lakes. [ FROM AUTHOR]
由于SARS-CoV-2大流行,与人为活动有关的水体可能会揭示病毒遗传物质的存在。在第一波和第二波COVID-19感染期间,对印度特伦甘纳邦海得拉巴及其周边的城市、城郊和农村水体进行了监测,以确定是否存在SARS-CoV-2基因片段。在城市周边和农村湖泊中未检测到SARS-CoV-2基因,而在具有家庭活动直接功能属性的城市湖泊中流行。在五个水体中观察到的病毒载量的明显变化与汇水区的人类活动一致。在第一波和第二波高峰期间观察到高病毒载量,特别是在城市湖泊。[源自作者]
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引用次数: 1
Tracing the trajectory of watershed development in India using watershed guidelines: policy insights 利用流域指南追踪印度流域发展轨迹:政策见解
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/968-974
Suresh Kumar, M. Madhu, B. Mondal, Ashok Kumar
This study traces the development of watersheds in India based on the governing guidelines of the watershed programmes. We explore the changes and modifications in the watershed guidelines and categorize the developmental changes into six distinct yet interlinked phases. We observed that the watershed guidelines were fine-tuned with emerging challenges of land degradation, livelihood security, gender and social equity, climate change mitigation and adaptations. Recently, the focus of watersheds has shifted from production centric to income-centric by promoting enabling institutional settings. The experiences and learnings from India’s watershed programmes provide insights for other developing countries implementing such programmes.
本研究根据流域规划的指导方针追溯了印度流域的发展。我们探讨了流域指南的变化和修改,并将发展变化分为六个不同但又相互联系的阶段。我们注意到,流域准则针对土地退化、生计安全、性别和社会公平、减缓和适应气候变化等新出现的挑战进行了微调。最近,通过促进有利的体制环境,流域的重点已从以生产为中心转向以收入为中心。印度流域方案的经验和教训为其他执行这类方案的发展中国家提供了见解。
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引用次数: 1
Strategic planning to reduce ground vibration, air overpressure and flyrock in a mine at a sensitive area 敏感区域矿山减少地面振动、空气超压和飞岩的战略规划
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/995-1004
P. Roy, C. Sawmliana, R. Singh
Strategic planning and execution at the Benti–Bagda Limestone Mine of M/s Jharkhand State Mineral Deve-lopment Corporation Limited (JSMDCL), India, could minimize the impacts of surface blasting on structures in nearby sensitive villages to comply with the regulatory requirements leading to resolving the complaints of villagers. Controlled blast design patterns were developed after thorough scientific evaluations using JKSimBlast simulator and blast-compliance software modules to determine the firing pattern, firing sequence and detonation time versus charge mass (kg) detonated for each of the three blast-safety zones. The study enabled the mine management to convince the local people to settle their long-pending disputes.
印度贾坎德邦矿产开发有限公司(JSMDCL)的本提-巴格达石灰石矿的战略规划和执行,可以最大限度地减少地表爆破对附近敏感村庄结构的影响,以符合监管要求,从而解决村民的投诉。使用JKSimBlast模拟器和爆炸合规软件模块进行彻底的科学评估后,开发了受控爆炸设计模式,以确定三个爆炸安全区的射击模式,射击顺序和爆炸时间与爆炸装药量(kg)的关系。这项研究使矿山管理层能够说服当地人民解决他们长期悬而未决的争端。
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引用次数: 0
Web mite Schizotetranychus krungthepensis on sugarcane in India: molecular evidence for occurrence and the way forward 印度甘蔗上的裂叶螨(Schizotetranychus krungthepensis):发生的分子证据和前进方向
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/1038-1049
J. Srikanth, P. Mahesh, R. Manimekalai, G. S. Suresha, B. Singaravelu, K. Salin
Following the detection of an incongruity in the nomen-clature of sugarcane web mite Schizotetranychus andropogoni (Hirst) (Acari: Tetranychidae), we collected web mite samples from commercial hybrids of sugarcane and Saccharum spontaneum in parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala States, India. Acarologists identified these samples as Schizotetranychus krungthepensis Naing & Auger (Acari: Tetranychidae), originally described from Thailand in 2014. To provide molecular evidence to distinguish S. krungthepensis from S. andropogoni , we subjected sequences of 5.8S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) genes of both species available in NCBI database to Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA6). The analysis produced phylogenetic trees with distinct clusters for S. andropogoni and S. krungthepensis , albeit with some exceptions, thus provi-ding evidence to consider S. krungthepensis a species distinctly different from S. andropogoni . In view of the possible threat of S. krungthepensis to sugarcane culti-vation in the country, we outline the basic course of action needed to manage the pest if it were to assume more serious proportions than the native species it appears to be displacing.
在印度泰米尔纳德邦和喀拉拉邦部分地区发现甘蔗叶螨(Schizotetranychus andropogoni, Hirst)(蜱螨亚纲:叶螨科)的命名不一致后,我们采集了甘蔗和自发糖(Saccharum spontanum)的商业杂交品种的网螨样本。蜱虫学家将这些样本鉴定为krungthepensis Naing & Auger(蜱螨目:叶螨科),最初于2014年在泰国被描述。为了提供区分krungthepensis和S. andropogoni的分子证据,我们对NCBI数据库中两个物种的5.8S rRNA和线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I (mtCOI)基因序列进行了分子进化遗传学分析(MEGA6)。通过分析得出的系统发育树中,虽然也有一些例外,但andropogoni和S. krungthepensis具有不同的集群,从而为S. krungthepensis与S. andropogoni明显不同的物种提供了证据。鉴于krungthepensis可能对该国的甘蔗种植构成威胁,我们概述了管理这种有害生物所需的基本行动方针,如果它的影响比它所取代的本地物种更严重的话。
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引用次数: 0
Perigean spring tides along the Indian coast 沿印度海岸的近岸大潮
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/1050-1053
A. Unnikrishnan
Sea level measurements from tide-gauges, installed in harbours along the Indian coast by the Survey of India, are used to illustrate the differences in high tides during spring tides that occurred during lunar perigee and apogee (closest and farthest position of the moon in its elliptical orbit around the earth) in January and August 1974 respectively. The difference in maximum tidal heights between 9 January and 4 August of the year for Mumbai tidal record is about 87 cm, whereas for Chennai, Visakhapatnam and Paradip, the differences vary between 20 and 25 cm. Kochi record shows a difference of about 13 cm, whereas the difference in predicted high tides at Bhavnagar is more than 1 m. Similar results are found for March and April 1980 during spring tides close to perigee and apogee respectively. Perigean spring tides can cause flooding in low-lying coastal areas along the northern parts of the Indian coast, which will get enhan-ced in future with mean sea-level rise due to global war-ming.
由印度测量站在印度沿岸港口安装的潮汐计测量的海平面,分别用于说明1974年1月和8月在月球近地点和远地点(月球在其椭圆轨道上的最近和最远位置)发生的春潮期间涨潮的差异。1月9日至8月4日,孟买潮汐记录的最高潮位差约为87厘米,而金奈、维沙卡帕特南和帕拉迪普的潮位差在20至25厘米之间。高知记录显示的差异约为13厘米,而巴夫纳加尔预测的涨潮差异超过1米。1980年3月和4月分别在近地点和远地点附近的大潮中发现了类似的结果。远海大潮可能会导致印度海岸北部低洼沿海地区的洪水泛滥,未来由于全球战争导致的平均海平面上升,这种情况将会加剧。
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引用次数: 0
Success of cage farming of marine finfishes in doubling farmers’ income: a techno-social impact analysis 成功的网箱养殖海洋鱼类使农民的收入翻倍:技术-社会影响分析
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/1031-1037
J. C. Jeeva, Shubhadeep Ghosh, S. Raju, Sekar Megarajan, V. P. Vipinkumar, L. Edward, R. Narayanakumar
In Andhra Pradesh, India, the culture of marine finfishes such as Indian pompano and Asian seabass has been demonstrated in cages in Krishna and Godavari backwaters by the Regional Centre, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR-CMFRI), Visakhapatnam, involving fishermen and marginal landless aqua farmers. Open sea cage culture of orange-spotted grouper and Indian pompano has also been demonstrated in Visakhapatnam, Srikakulam and East Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh. From the 14 success stories documented, enhancement in net income in the range 50.32%– 257.14% was evident by transforming people from different avocations such as agriculturists, wage earners in agriculture and allied sectors, business professionals, fish traders, traditional fish farmers and artisanal fishers to marine finfish farming. The benefit ratio of cage farming among the adopted farmers was found to be 1.33 and 1.31 for estuarine and marine cages respectively. The impact was realized on livelihood enhancement due to the technological interventions of cage culture under the technological, social and economic dimensions. cage culture, access to raw materials for cage construction, timely availability of seeds and feed, availability of labour-ers, access to market and remunerative price for the harvest, technical knowhow/timely advisories, Government support/ subsidies/schemes, access to institutional finance, transpor-tation and logistics, storage availability and support from the peer group.
在印度安得拉邦,维萨卡帕特南icar -中央海洋渔业研究所(ICAR-CMFRI)区域中心在克里希纳和戈达瓦里回水地区的网箱中示范了印度梭鱼和亚洲海鲈等海洋鱼类的养殖,参与者包括渔民和边缘无地水产养殖户。在安得拉邦的维沙卡帕特南、斯里卡库拉姆和东戈达瓦里地区也进行了橙斑石斑鱼和印度鲳的远洋网箱养殖示范。从记录的14个成功案例来看,净收入的提高幅度在50.32%至257.14%之间,这是通过将不同职业的人(如农学家、农业和相关部门的工资收入者、商业专业人士、鱼类贸易商、传统鱼类养殖者和手工渔民)转变为海洋鱼类养殖者而明显实现的。河口网箱养殖效益比为1.33,海洋网箱养殖效益比为1.31。由于笼文化在技术、社会和经济维度下的技术干预,实现了对生计改善的影响。网箱养殖、获得建造网箱的原材料、及时获得种子和饲料、获得劳动力、进入市场和收获有报酬的价格、技术知识/及时咨询、政府支持/补贴/计划、获得机构融资、运输和物流、储存的可用性和同行群体的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Sarus crane Antigone antigone predating on chicks of grey-headed swamphen Porphyrio poliocephalus 对灰头沼泽雉幼鸟的捕食
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i8/1054-1056
Jaswinder Waraich, K. Sundar
Tropical wetlands host diverse breeding birds, but there is little information on aspects such as the predation of chicks. Diet of omnivorous waterbirds is poorly recorded in India, especially during the breeding season when they require to hunt more carnivorous foods to facilitate rapid chick growth. In the present study, we observed a sarus crane pair in western Uttar Pradesh, India, predating on chicks of grey-headed swamphen – not reported earlier in the diet of this species. Review of the literature, search of photographs available on the World Wide Web and consulting experts suggested that chicks of other birds are extremely rare in sarus crane diet. Additionally, the existing literature suggests waterbird chicks as widespread but rare in the diet of cranes globally, though at least one study suspects cranes to be major predators of waterbird chicks. The chicks of other birds seem to be a ready source of nutrition for omnivorous cranes and the rarity of such predation seems worthy of specific studies.
热带湿地是多种繁殖鸟类的栖息地,但关于雏鸟捕食等方面的信息却很少。在印度,杂食性水鸟的饮食记录很少,特别是在繁殖季节,它们需要捕食更多的肉食性食物以促进雏鸟的快速生长。在本研究中,我们观察了印度北方邦西部的一对白鹤,它们以灰头沼泽雉的雏鸟为食,这在该物种的饮食中没有报道。通过查阅文献、查阅万维网上的照片以及咨询专家的意见,我们认为其他鸟类的雏鸟在鹤的饮食中是极其罕见的。此外,现有文献表明,水鸟幼鸟在全球鹤的饮食中广泛存在,但罕见,尽管至少有一项研究怀疑鹤是水鸟幼鸟的主要捕食者。其他鸟类的雏鸟似乎是杂食性鹤的现成营养来源,这种捕食的稀有性似乎值得专门研究。
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引用次数: 0
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