Sandip Maiti, Matthew T. Curnan, Noor Almusleh, Silpa Subhalaxmi, Dongwoo Shin, Ramanuj Narayan, Kakali Maiti, Jaehyun Hur
To design devices with formidable theoretical energy density while employing abundant and inexpensive materials, c (RT Na–S) batteries serve as formidable candidates. However, widespread adaptation of RT Na–S batteries is impeded by numerous salient concerns, including slow redox kinetics at S cathodes and the shuttle effect of solvated sodium polysulfide intermediates (NaPSs). These drawbacks limit industrial implementation of such batteries by diminishing Coulombic efficiency, rapidly decaying capacity, and inhibiting stable cycling. Nevertheless, single atom catalysts (SACs) are viable candidates for alleviating these problems, given their distinctive active sites, tunable electronic structures, and idealized atomic utilization. These properties grant SACs capabilities spanning the acceleration of electrochemical kinetics, the anchoring of intermediate species, and unmitigated NaPS conversion. Herein, we first investigate how morphological features and well‐characterized atomic structures are linked to catalytic performance enhancement in RT Na–S batteries, describing how SACs impact redox kinetics and reactive efficiency toward developing battery technologies. Subsequently, we expound upon how theoretical density functional theory (DFT) simulations resolve the adsorbate‐surface configurations and electronic structures respectively responsible for the fundamental reaction mechanisms and charge transfer processes undergirding battery electrochemical performance. Lastly, this review encapsulates current challenges to Na–S SAC research, proposing avenues to guide future work.
{"title":"Unleashing Sodium–Sulfur Battery Performance With Atomically Dispersed Single Atom Catalysts","authors":"Sandip Maiti, Matthew T. Curnan, Noor Almusleh, Silpa Subhalaxmi, Dongwoo Shin, Ramanuj Narayan, Kakali Maiti, Jaehyun Hur","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202505686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202505686","url":null,"abstract":"To design devices with formidable theoretical energy density while employing abundant and inexpensive materials, c (RT Na–S) batteries serve as formidable candidates. However, widespread adaptation of RT Na–S batteries is impeded by numerous salient concerns, including slow redox kinetics at S cathodes and the shuttle effect of solvated sodium polysulfide intermediates (NaPSs). These drawbacks limit industrial implementation of such batteries by diminishing Coulombic efficiency, rapidly decaying capacity, and inhibiting stable cycling. Nevertheless, single atom catalysts (SACs) are viable candidates for alleviating these problems, given their distinctive active sites, tunable electronic structures, and idealized atomic utilization. These properties grant SACs capabilities spanning the acceleration of electrochemical kinetics, the anchoring of intermediate species, and unmitigated NaPS conversion. Herein, we first investigate how morphological features and well‐characterized atomic structures are linked to catalytic performance enhancement in RT Na–S batteries, describing how SACs impact redox kinetics and reactive efficiency toward developing battery technologies. Subsequently, we expound upon how theoretical density functional theory (DFT) simulations resolve the adsorbate‐surface configurations and electronic structures respectively responsible for the fundamental reaction mechanisms and charge transfer processes undergirding battery electrochemical performance. Lastly, this review encapsulates current challenges to Na–S SAC research, proposing avenues to guide future work.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaoxiong Du, Wang Yang, Yao Yao, Chen Zhang, Ruoyao Feng, Wenjie Zhu, Zhenfei Gao, Yongfeng Li
The construction of heterostructures is regarded as an effective strategy to enhance the reaction kinetics of battery-type electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs). However, the pre-designed heterointerfaces often undergo inevitable phase transformations and eventually disappear during electrochemical operation, obscuring the true operating mechanism of the original interfaces. Herein, NiCoSe@Ni(OH)2 heterostructures are constructed via an in situ embedded strategy to manipulate the electrochemical reconstruction behavior. These tailored interfaces induce charge redistribution and establish a built-in electric field (BIEF), significantly enhancing OH− adsorption kinetics and interfacial electron transfer, thereby facilitating more complete electrochemical activation. Notably, the initial heterointerfaces ultimately transform into a uniform amorphous phase during activation. In situ Raman and theoretical calculations confirm an accelerated phase transition to defect-rich active oxyhydroxides during potentiostatic activation. The activated a-NiCoSe@Ni(OH)2 cathode delivers an exceptional specific capacity of 4.7 C cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2, superior rate capability, and enhanced cycling stability, far exceeding that of the pristine a-NiCoSe. Furthermore, the assembled quasi-solid-state HSC demonstrates remarkable rate performance, extended cycling life, and high mechanical robustness under bending and pressure conditions. This work elucidates the critical role of heterointerface engineering in facilitating electrochemical reconstruction and provides a strategic pathway for designing advanced energy storage materials.
异质结构的构建被认为是提高混合超级电容器电池型电极反应动力学的有效策略。然而，预先设计的异质界面往往会在电化学操作过程中发生不可避免的相变并最终消失，从而掩盖了原始界面的真实工作机制。本文通过原位嵌入策略构建NiCoSe@Ni(OH)2异质结构以操纵电化学重构行为。这些定制界面诱导电荷重新分配并建立内置电场（BIEF），显著增强OH -吸附动力学和界面电子转移，从而促进更完整的电化学活化。值得注意的是，在激活过程中，初始异质界面最终转变为均匀的非晶相。原位拉曼和理论计算证实了在恒电位活化过程中向富缺陷活性氢氧化物的加速相变。活化的a-NiCoSe@Ni(OH)2阴极在1ma cm - 2下提供4.7 C cm - 2的特殊比容量，优越的速率能力和增强的循环稳定性，远远超过原始的a-NiCoSe。此外，组装的准固态HSC具有显著的速率性能，延长了循环寿命，并且在弯曲和压力条件下具有很高的机械稳健性。这项工作阐明了异质界面工程在促进电化学重构中的关键作用，并为设计先进的储能材料提供了战略途径。
{"title":"Hydroxide/Selenide Heterostructures With Built-In Electric Fields Enabling Reconstruction for Advanced Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitors","authors":"Shaoxiong Du, Wang Yang, Yao Yao, Chen Zhang, Ruoyao Feng, Wenjie Zhu, Zhenfei Gao, Yongfeng Li","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202506211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202506211","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of heterostructures is regarded as an effective strategy to enhance the reaction kinetics of battery-type electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs). However, the pre-designed heterointerfaces often undergo inevitable phase transformations and eventually disappear during electrochemical operation, obscuring the true operating mechanism of the original interfaces. Herein, NiCoSe@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> heterostructures are constructed via an in situ embedded strategy to manipulate the electrochemical reconstruction behavior. These tailored interfaces induce charge redistribution and establish a built-in electric field (BIEF), significantly enhancing OH<sup>−</sup> adsorption kinetics and interfacial electron transfer, thereby facilitating more complete electrochemical activation. Notably, the initial heterointerfaces ultimately transform into a uniform amorphous phase during activation. In situ Raman and theoretical calculations confirm an accelerated phase transition to defect-rich active oxyhydroxides during potentiostatic activation. The activated a-NiCoSe@Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub> cathode delivers an exceptional specific capacity of 4.7 C cm<sup>−2</sup> at 1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, superior rate capability, and enhanced cycling stability, far exceeding that of the pristine a-NiCoSe. Furthermore, the assembled quasi-solid-state HSC demonstrates remarkable rate performance, extended cycling life, and high mechanical robustness under bending and pressure conditions. This work elucidates the critical role of heterointerface engineering in facilitating electrochemical reconstruction and provides a strategic pathway for designing advanced energy storage materials.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma van der Minne, Priscila Vensaus, Vadim Ratovskii, Seenivasan Hariharan, Jan Behrends, Cesare Franchini, Jonas Fransson, Sarnjeet S. Dhesi, Felix Gunkel, Florian Gossing, Georgios Katsoukis, Ulrike I. Kramm, Magalí Lingenfelder, Qianqian Lan, Yury V. Kolen'ko, Yang Li, Ramsundar Rani Mohan, Jeffrey McCord, Lingmei Ni, Eva Pavarini, Rossitza Pentcheva, David H. Waldeck, Michael Verhage, Anke Yu, Zhichuan J. Xu, Piero Torelli, Silvia Mauri, Narcis Avarvari, Anja Bieberle-Hütter, Christoph Baeumer
Water Electrolysis
Understanding spin-dependent enhancement of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for advancing hydrogen-based green energy systems. This roadmap outlines a combination of experiments, operando techniques, and computational modelling to elucidate the mechanisms underlying chiral-induced spin selectivity and magnetic effects that contribute to spin-enhanced OER. By establishing a conceptual framework and highlighting key knowledge gaps, it aims to accelerate the development of next-generation water-splitting catalysts. More in article number 2503556, Emma van der Minne, Priscila Vensaus, Christoph Baeumer, and co-workers.
了解氧析反应（OER）的自旋依赖性增强对于推进氢基绿色能源系统至关重要。本路线图概述了实验、操作技术和计算模型的结合，以阐明手性诱导的自旋选择性和磁效应的机制，这些机制有助于自旋增强OER。通过建立一个概念框架和突出关键的知识差距，它旨在加速下一代水分解催化剂的开发。更多见文章编号2503556，Emma van der Minne, Priscila Vensaus， Christoph Baeumer和同事。
{"title":"Spin Matters: A Multidisciplinary Roadmap to Understanding Spin Effects in Oxygen Evolution Reaction During Water Electrolysis (Adv. Energy Mater. 4/2026)","authors":"Emma van der Minne, Priscila Vensaus, Vadim Ratovskii, Seenivasan Hariharan, Jan Behrends, Cesare Franchini, Jonas Fransson, Sarnjeet S. Dhesi, Felix Gunkel, Florian Gossing, Georgios Katsoukis, Ulrike I. Kramm, Magalí Lingenfelder, Qianqian Lan, Yury V. Kolen'ko, Yang Li, Ramsundar Rani Mohan, Jeffrey McCord, Lingmei Ni, Eva Pavarini, Rossitza Pentcheva, David H. Waldeck, Michael Verhage, Anke Yu, Zhichuan J. Xu, Piero Torelli, Silvia Mauri, Narcis Avarvari, Anja Bieberle-Hütter, Christoph Baeumer","doi":"10.1002/aenm.70485","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aenm.70485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Water Electrolysis</b></p><p>Understanding spin-dependent enhancement of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for advancing hydrogen-based green energy systems. This roadmap outlines a combination of experiments, operando techniques, and computational modelling to elucidate the mechanisms underlying chiral-induced spin selectivity and magnetic effects that contribute to spin-enhanced OER. By establishing a conceptual framework and highlighting key knowledge gaps, it aims to accelerate the development of next-generation water-splitting catalysts. More in article number 2503556, Emma van der Minne, Priscila Vensaus, Christoph Baeumer, and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aenm.70485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146070616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunwoo Kim, Hangyeol Choi, Doyun Im, Yeonghun Yun, Won Chang Choi, Jungchul Yun, Hyun Seo Park, Nagyeong Hyeon, Dong Hyun Kim, Gill Sang Han, Junesic Park, Gwang Min Sun, Jun Hong Noh, Ji-Sang Park, Yohan Yoon, Sangwook Lee
Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells employing iodide-bromide mixed halide compositions are essential for tandem integration but suffer from open-circuit voltage (VOC) losses and photo-instability. Lithium fluoride (LiF) interlayers are widely adopted to enhance VOC via interfacial defect passivation and energy-level alignment, yet their adverse impact on operational stability and the associated degradation mechanism under realistic conditions remains poorly understood. Here, we systematically investigate the origin of operational instability in LiF-based WBG devices and demonstrate a strategy for selectively blocking fluoride ion (F−) migration into perovskite layer to improve device stability. We found that LiF does not remain confined to the interface but diffuses into the perovskite layer, where F− accelerate halide segregation and compromise device photostability. To address this issue, we introduce lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li─T) as a selective ion-blocking interlayer (i.e. ion-fence), which suppresses F− diffusion while preserving the benefits of LiF, yielding a high VOC of 1.284 V and efficiency of 19.55%. This strategy markedly enhances operational stability without sacrificing efficiency and is successfully extended to monolithic all-perovskite tandem cells, where Li─T maintains high efficiency of 28.41% while significantly improving device stability. These findings provide critical insights into interfacial engineering of high-performance WBG perovskites for next-generation tandem solar cells.
{"title":"Selective Ion-Blocking Strategy for Stabilizing Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells","authors":"Sunwoo Kim, Hangyeol Choi, Doyun Im, Yeonghun Yun, Won Chang Choi, Jungchul Yun, Hyun Seo Park, Nagyeong Hyeon, Dong Hyun Kim, Gill Sang Han, Junesic Park, Gwang Min Sun, Jun Hong Noh, Ji-Sang Park, Yohan Yoon, Sangwook Lee","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202506634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202506634","url":null,"abstract":"Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells employing iodide-bromide mixed halide compositions are essential for tandem integration but suffer from open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>OC</sub>) losses and photo-instability. Lithium fluoride (LiF) interlayers are widely adopted to enhance <i>V</i><sub>OC</sub> via interfacial defect passivation and energy-level alignment, yet their adverse impact on operational stability and the associated degradation mechanism under realistic conditions remains poorly understood. Here, we systematically investigate the origin of operational instability in LiF-based WBG devices and demonstrate a strategy for selectively blocking fluoride ion (F<sup>−</sup>) migration into perovskite layer to improve device stability. We found that LiF does not remain confined to the interface but diffuses into the perovskite layer, where F<sup>−</sup> accelerate halide segregation and compromise device photostability. To address this issue, we introduce lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li─T) as a selective ion-blocking interlayer (i.e. ion-fence), which suppresses F<sup>−</sup> diffusion while preserving the benefits of LiF, yielding a high <i>V</i><sub>OC</sub> of 1.284 V and efficiency of 19.55%. This strategy markedly enhances operational stability without sacrificing efficiency and is successfully extended to monolithic all-perovskite tandem cells, where Li─T maintains high efficiency of 28.41% while significantly improving device stability. These findings provide critical insights into interfacial engineering of high-performance WBG perovskites for next-generation tandem solar cells.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stable and reliable counter electrodes are essential for the accurate performance evaluation of individual electrodes in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries. Lithium–indium (Li–In) alloys are widely used as counter electrodes due to their stable voltage plateau (∼0.62 V vs. Li/Li + ) and good compatibility with sulfide electrolytes. However, conventional cold‐pressed Li–In (CP‐LiIn/In) alloys suffer from sluggish lithium‐extraction kinetics and limited capacity due to incomplete alloying and heterogeneous phase distribution, rendering them unsuitable for characterizing high‐capacity, initially lithium‐free electrode systems. To address this limitation, we developed a chemical pre‐lithiation strategy to fabricate Li–In alloy powder to construct reliable counter electrodes for the first time. By precisely controlling the stoichiometric ratio between the pre‐lithiation agent (lithium naphthalene) and indium foil, a homogeneous LiIn/In biphasic alloy powder and the corresponding electrode (PL‐LiIn/In) were successfully prepared. The resulting PL‐LiIn/In electrode exhibits fast reaction kinetics and high lithium‐extraction capacity. Even at a high mass loading of 70.73 mg cm −2 , the electrode delivers a lithium‐extraction capacity of 11.75 mA h cm −2 , corresponding to 90.6% of its theoretical value. It enables sufficient lithium replenishment for high‐loading silicon electrodes (4.75 mA h cm −2 ), ensuring accurate and reliable performance assessment. This work presents a robust technical solution for constructing high‐performance Li–In alloy counter electrodes, thereby facilitating the advancement of sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries.
稳定可靠的反电极对于准确评估硫化物基全固态电池中单个电极的性能至关重要。锂-铟（Li - in）合金由于其稳定的电压平台（~ 0.62 V vs. Li/Li +）和与硫化物电解质的良好相容性而被广泛用作对电极。然而，传统的冷压锂离子（CP - LiIn/In）合金由于不完全合金化和非均相分布，其锂萃取动力学缓慢，容量有限，因此不适合表征高容量，最初无锂的电极系统。为了解决这一限制，我们首次开发了一种化学预锂化策略来制造Li-In合金粉末，以构建可靠的对电极。通过精确控制预锂化剂（萘锂）与铟箔的化学计量比，成功制备了均匀的LiIn/In双相合金粉末和相应的电极（PL‐LiIn/In）。所得的PL‐LiIn/In电极具有快速反应动力学和高锂萃取能力。即使在70.73 mg cm−2的高质量负载下，电极也能提供11.75 mA h cm−2的锂提取容量，相当于其理论值的90.6%。它可以为高负载硅电极（4.75 mA h cm - 2）补充足够的锂，确保准确可靠的性能评估。这项工作为构建高性能锂合金对电极提供了一个强大的技术解决方案，从而促进了硫化物基全固态电池的发展。
{"title":"A Stable and Reliable Li–In Alloy Counter Electrode for Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries","authors":"Gengzhong Lin, Yicheng Deng, Guo Tang, Hui Li, Yuliang Cao, Yongjin Fang, Xinping Ai","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202506291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202506291","url":null,"abstract":"Stable and reliable counter electrodes are essential for the accurate performance evaluation of individual electrodes in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries. Lithium–indium (Li–In) alloys are widely used as counter electrodes due to their stable voltage plateau (∼0.62 V vs. Li/Li <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ) and good compatibility with sulfide electrolytes. However, conventional cold‐pressed Li–In (CP‐LiIn/In) alloys suffer from sluggish lithium‐extraction kinetics and limited capacity due to incomplete alloying and heterogeneous phase distribution, rendering them unsuitable for characterizing high‐capacity, initially lithium‐free electrode systems. To address this limitation, we developed a chemical pre‐lithiation strategy to fabricate Li–In alloy powder to construct reliable counter electrodes for the first time. By precisely controlling the stoichiometric ratio between the pre‐lithiation agent (lithium naphthalene) and indium foil, a homogeneous LiIn/In biphasic alloy powder and the corresponding electrode (PL‐LiIn/In) were successfully prepared. The resulting PL‐LiIn/In electrode exhibits fast reaction kinetics and high lithium‐extraction capacity. Even at a high mass loading of 70.73 mg cm <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> , the electrode delivers a lithium‐extraction capacity of 11.75 mA h cm <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> , corresponding to 90.6% of its theoretical value. It enables sufficient lithium replenishment for high‐loading silicon electrodes (4.75 mA h cm <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> ), ensuring accurate and reliable performance assessment. This work presents a robust technical solution for constructing high‐performance Li–In alloy counter electrodes, thereby facilitating the advancement of sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146070617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji Hyun Lee, Kyung Ah Lee, Kwang Won Kim, Seung Hwan Kim, Yeram Shin, Sang Young Yeo, Song Jun Doh, Jeong F. Kim, Sungjun Kim, Seon-Jin Choi, Yung-Eun Sung, Ki Ro Yoon
PEM Fuel Cells
In article number 2503151, Yung-Eun Sung, Ki Ro Yoon, and co-workers showcase the development of ultrathin stretched PTFE nanofiber reinforcements via emulsification electrospinning and precision thermomechanical biaxial stretching. The resulting reinforced composite membranes demonstrate outstanding durability and efficiency, offering a promising route toward next-generation proton exchange membrane fuel cells with high power density and long-term operational stability.
在文章编号2503151中，Yung-Eun Sung， Ki Ro Yoon及其同事展示了通过乳化静电纺丝和精密热机械双轴拉伸的超薄拉伸聚四氟乙烯纳米纤维增强剂的发展。由此产生的增强复合膜具有出色的耐用性和效率，为下一代质子交换膜燃料电池提供了一条具有高功率密度和长期运行稳定性的有希望的途径。
{"title":"Overcoming Thickness–Durability Trade-Off in PEM Fuel Cells via Stretched PTFE Nanofiber-Reinforced Composite Membranes (Adv. Energy Mater. 4/2026)","authors":"Ji Hyun Lee, Kyung Ah Lee, Kwang Won Kim, Seung Hwan Kim, Yeram Shin, Sang Young Yeo, Song Jun Doh, Jeong F. Kim, Sungjun Kim, Seon-Jin Choi, Yung-Eun Sung, Ki Ro Yoon","doi":"10.1002/aenm.70483","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aenm.70483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>PEM Fuel Cells</b></p><p>In article number 2503151, Yung-Eun Sung, Ki Ro Yoon, and co-workers showcase the development of ultrathin stretched PTFE nanofiber reinforcements via emulsification electrospinning and precision thermomechanical biaxial stretching. The resulting reinforced composite membranes demonstrate outstanding durability and efficiency, offering a promising route toward next-generation proton exchange membrane fuel cells with high power density and long-term operational stability.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aenm.70483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146070618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts (SACs) are widely recognized as the most promising platinum-free candidates for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media. However, their activity and stability remain insufficient, primarily because the active site configuration in acidic electrolytes remains unclear, which limits mechanistic understanding and rational design. Here, with the aid of the grand canonical method, complemented by experimental validation, the behavior of FeN4 sites in acidic electrolytes was systematically investigated. It is shown that electrolyte anions, rather than oxygenated intermediates as commonly presumed, dictate the axial ligation of FeN4 sites under acidic conditions and thereby control both catalytic activity and durability. Using H2SO4 and HClO4 as prototypical acidic electrolytes, we reveal distinct coordination environments: in H2SO4, SO42− binds strongly to Fe, forming SO4-Fe* sites with a higher onset potential (0.94 V) and improved kinetic stability, whereas in HClO4, hydration dominates, yielding H2O-Fe* sites with lower activity (0.67 V) and greater demetallation susceptibility. These computational insights, corroborated by electrochemical measurements, establish electrolyte identity as a decisive factor in shaping the activity and stability of Fe-N-C catalysts and highlight electrolyte engineering as a promising strategy for durable platinum-free ORR catalysis.
{"title":"How Electrolytes Control the Activity and Stability of Fe-N-C for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acidic Media","authors":"Shaojie Jing, Zhouhao Zhu, Wencai Liu, Chaogang Ban, Yucui Xiang, Jing Fan, Zhiping Zeng, Jiangping Ma, Li-Yong Gan, Xiaoyuan Zhou","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202505944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202505944","url":null,"abstract":"Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts (SACs) are widely recognized as the most promising platinum-free candidates for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media. However, their activity and stability remain insufficient, primarily because the active site configuration in acidic electrolytes remains unclear, which limits mechanistic understanding and rational design. Here, with the aid of the grand canonical method, complemented by experimental validation, the behavior of FeN<sub>4</sub> sites in acidic electrolytes was systematically investigated. It is shown that electrolyte anions, rather than oxygenated intermediates as commonly presumed, dictate the axial ligation of FeN<sub>4</sub> sites under acidic conditions and thereby control both catalytic activity and durability. Using H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HClO<sub>4</sub> as prototypical acidic electrolytes, we reveal distinct coordination environments: in H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> binds strongly to Fe, forming SO<sub>4</sub>-Fe<sup>*</sup> sites with a higher onset potential (0.94 V) and improved kinetic stability, whereas in HClO<sub>4</sub>, hydration dominates, yielding H<sub>2</sub>O-Fe<sup>*</sup> sites with lower activity (0.67 V) and greater demetallation susceptibility. These computational insights, corroborated by electrochemical measurements, establish electrolyte identity as a decisive factor in shaping the activity and stability of Fe-N-C catalysts and highlight electrolyte engineering as a promising strategy for durable platinum-free ORR catalysis.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146070614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bishal Kumar Nahak, S Sovan Kumar, Jaba Roy Chowdhury, Manish Kumar Sharma, Parag Parashar, Uday Kumar Singh, Arshad Khan, Ravindra Joshi, Meenakshi Ray, Fan-Gang Tseng, Zong-Hong Lin
Harnessing the full solar spectrum for sustainable hydrogen production remains a major challenge in photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) water splitting. Herein, we present a cascaded microfluidic PEC reactor integrated with a thermoelectric generator (TEG), achieving a Solar-to-Hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency of 28%. The device combines three synergistic elements: (i) Ti3C2-CdS heterostructure catalysts that enhance charge separation and suppress recombination; (ii) a planar microfluidic reactor that ensures uniform light penetration, laminar flow, and efficient mass transport; and (iii) a Bi2Te3-based TEG module that harvests solar waste heat to provide supplemental bias for overcoming kinetic barriers. The cascaded architecture enables sequential light harvesting across four reactors, leading to cumulative hydrogen yields exceeding 10 890 µmol g−1 h−1, while simultaneously enabling rapid water treatment. This work establishes a scalable, self-powered, and multifunctional platform for decentralized clean energy generation and water purification by integrating thermal-electrics and PEC pathways into a single compact device.
{"title":"Thermoelectric Assisted Cascaded Microreactor for Solar Hydrogen Production Using Ti3C2-CdS Heterostructure Photoelectrocatalysis","authors":"Bishal Kumar Nahak, S Sovan Kumar, Jaba Roy Chowdhury, Manish Kumar Sharma, Parag Parashar, Uday Kumar Singh, Arshad Khan, Ravindra Joshi, Meenakshi Ray, Fan-Gang Tseng, Zong-Hong Lin","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202505382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202505382","url":null,"abstract":"Harnessing the full solar spectrum for sustainable hydrogen production remains a major challenge in photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) water splitting. Herein, we present a cascaded microfluidic PEC reactor integrated with a thermoelectric generator (TEG), achieving a Solar-to-Hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency of 28%. The device combines three synergistic elements: (i) Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>-CdS heterostructure catalysts that enhance charge separation and suppress recombination; (ii) a planar microfluidic reactor that ensures uniform light penetration, laminar flow, and efficient mass transport; and (iii) a Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-based TEG module that harvests solar waste heat to provide supplemental bias for overcoming kinetic barriers. The cascaded architecture enables sequential light harvesting across four reactors, leading to cumulative hydrogen yields exceeding 10 890 µmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, while simultaneously enabling rapid water treatment. This work establishes a scalable, self-powered, and multifunctional platform for decentralized clean energy generation and water purification by integrating thermal-electrics and PEC pathways into a single compact device.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A critical challenge in developing an ideal high capacity, long lifespan silicon (Si) anodes is the inherent conflict between buffering volume expansion and maintaining mechanical integrity, which hinders the industrial use of advanced Si materials. Here, we present a novel wheel-hub-inspired Si-carbon architecture (WH-Si@C), featuring enclosed near-surface mesopores that can buffer the outward volume expansion and significantly reduce compressive stress on the external carbon shell during lithiation. Combined with the persistent Si/C planar contact, such a supporting framework also provides strong stress tolerance to calendering and cyclic mechanical fatigue. The intact structure confers stability to the particles and interface, thereby securing the sustained stability of Li+ transport. Consequently, the WH-Si@C anode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance, delivering an impressive 1824 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 1C and a high capacity of 852 mAh g−1 after 600 cycles at 0.2C. This work offers a feasible approach for developing durable and high-performance Si anodes for next generation energy storage applications.
开发理想的高容量、长寿命硅（Si）阳极的一个关键挑战是缓冲体积膨胀和保持机械完整性之间的内在冲突，这阻碍了先进硅材料的工业应用。在这里，我们提出了一种新颖的轮毂启发的硅碳结构（WH-Si@C），具有封闭的近表面介孔，可以缓冲向外体积膨胀，并显着降低锂化过程中外部碳壳上的压应力。结合持续的Si/C平面接触，这种支撑框架还提供了很强的抗压延和循环机械疲劳的应力容忍能力。完整的结构赋予了粒子和界面的稳定性，从而确保了Li+输运的持续稳定性。因此，WH-Si@C阳极表现出出色的电化学性能，在1C的高电流密度下提供令人印象深刻的1824 mAh g - 1，在0.2C的电流密度下循环600次后提供852 mAh g - 1的高容量。这项工作为开发下一代储能应用的耐用和高性能硅阳极提供了一种可行的方法。
{"title":"Wheel-Hub-Inspired Silicon Anodes with Superior Stress Tolerance for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Xiangze Xin, Qianhui Yin, Ziyun Zhao, Jiangshan Qi, Tianze Xu, Zhenshen Li, Fangbing Li, Fanqi Chen, Shichao Wu, Quan-Hong Yang","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202506650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202506650","url":null,"abstract":"A critical challenge in developing an ideal high capacity, long lifespan silicon (Si) anodes is the inherent conflict between buffering volume expansion and maintaining mechanical integrity, which hinders the industrial use of advanced Si materials. Here, we present a novel wheel-hub-inspired Si-carbon architecture (WH-Si@C), featuring enclosed near-surface mesopores that can buffer the outward volume expansion and significantly reduce compressive stress on the external carbon shell during lithiation. Combined with the persistent Si/C planar contact, such a supporting framework also provides strong stress tolerance to calendering and cyclic mechanical fatigue. The intact structure confers stability to the particles and interface, thereby securing the sustained stability of Li<sup>+</sup> transport. Consequently, the WH-Si@C anode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance, delivering an impressive 1824 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at a high current density of 1C and a high capacity of 852 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 600 cycles at 0.2C. This work offers a feasible approach for developing durable and high-performance Si anodes for next generation energy storage applications.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146048863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liwei Dong, Chaoyang Zhao, Shuai Qu, Xin Li, Jiashun Li, Guobiao Hu, Chengjia Han, Yu Zhang, Ping Wang, Fan Yang, Zhong Lin Wang, Yaowen Yang
Magnetic field energy harvesting based on the magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) principle offers a promising approach for realizing self‐powered Internet of Things systems. However, the magnetic fields in daily environments are stray and weak (<0.1 mT), greatly limiting the output power and practicality of conventional MME harvesters. Given the frequent coexistence of distinct‐frequency magnetic field and vibration excitations in real‐world scenarios, there is an urgent need for a compact and designable dual‐mode harvester to unlock performance limits. Here, we present a mode‐split MME harvester that leverages the first symmetric and second antisymmetric bending modes to most efficiently capture vibration and magnetic field, respectively. Mode‐dependent internal couplings are integrated, where dual magnetic coupling enhances the magnetic field harvesting power density by 292%, and multi‐stage internal resonance provides a 19‐fold gain for vibration harvesting. The integration of the synchronous electric charge extraction technique further boosts the actual charging power by 493%, achieving a system‐level charging power density of 36.59 mW/cm 3 /mT 2 . Finally, a wireless self‐powered sensing system is developed and deployed in a representative trackside dual‐excitation scenario. Dual‐mode synergy shortens the cold start time by 56% and sensing interval by 50%. This work demonstrates a promising solution for efficient multisource energy harvesting in practical field deployments.
{"title":"Multi‐Domain Energy Harvesting with Mode‐Dependent Magneto‐Mechano‐Electric Coupling","authors":"Liwei Dong, Chaoyang Zhao, Shuai Qu, Xin Li, Jiashun Li, Guobiao Hu, Chengjia Han, Yu Zhang, Ping Wang, Fan Yang, Zhong Lin Wang, Yaowen Yang","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202506114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202506114","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic field energy harvesting based on the magneto‐mechano‐electric (MME) principle offers a promising approach for realizing self‐powered Internet of Things systems. However, the magnetic fields in daily environments are stray and weak (<0.1 mT), greatly limiting the output power and practicality of conventional MME harvesters. Given the frequent coexistence of distinct‐frequency magnetic field and vibration excitations in real‐world scenarios, there is an urgent need for a compact and designable dual‐mode harvester to unlock performance limits. Here, we present a mode‐split MME harvester that leverages the first symmetric and second antisymmetric bending modes to most efficiently capture vibration and magnetic field, respectively. Mode‐dependent internal couplings are integrated, where dual magnetic coupling enhances the magnetic field harvesting power density by 292%, and multi‐stage internal resonance provides a 19‐fold gain for vibration harvesting. The integration of the synchronous electric charge extraction technique further boosts the actual charging power by 493%, achieving a system‐level charging power density of 36.59 mW/cm <jats:sup>3</jats:sup> /mT <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> . Finally, a wireless self‐powered sensing system is developed and deployed in a representative trackside dual‐excitation scenario. Dual‐mode synergy shortens the cold start time by 56% and sensing interval by 50%. This work demonstrates a promising solution for efficient multisource energy harvesting in practical field deployments.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146056006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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