Background: Multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedure had traditionally been associated with plating, however, the increase in cost and complications associated with plating led us to investigate results of multilevel ACDF with polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cages without plating and study complication and fusion rates. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of patients underwent multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) using polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cage with no plating. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients underwent multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF), Surgical approach, using Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) cages with synthetic bone graft material with no plating. Their mean age was 48 year. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically for a mean time of one year. Assessment done comparing early and late post-operative cervical spinal x-rays for cage subsidence and migration. Improvement in axial neck and radicular pain were assessed using the Visual Analogue Score (VAS). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), A p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Sixty patients underwent Anterior Cervical Discectomy with Fusion (ACDF) through Cloward approach. F:M ratio was 1:1. Two levels were operated in 75% of patients, while in 25% three levels were operated. The majority 85% underwent operation at C5-6 level, least operated levels were C3-C4 and C6-C7 36.7% and 66.7% underwent operation at C4-C5 level. None underwent operation at C2-C3 level. There was significant improvement in axial neck pain with VAS decreasing from 6 to 2, radicular pain improved from 7 to 2. Only one patient (1.7%) showed radiological subsidence of 3 mm after 6 months of operation with no further progression, cage slippage was observed in 2 patients (3.3%) by 1 mm in both cases but no radiological progression. All patients (100%) showed good fusion. Conclusion: Multilevel ACDF with PEEK cages without plating showed to be safe option and provided good fusion rates and clinical outcome in our patients.
{"title":"Outcome of Multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion without Plating","authors":"Avin Omar Taher ,, Imad Khaleel ,, Anjam Rawandozy ,, Firas Abdulla","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1052","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedure had traditionally been associated with plating, however, the increase in cost and complications associated with plating led us to investigate results of multilevel ACDF with polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cages without plating and study complication and fusion rates. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of patients underwent multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) using polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cage with no plating. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients underwent multilevel Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF), Surgical approach, using Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) cages with synthetic bone graft material with no plating. Their mean age was 48 year. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically for a mean time of one year. Assessment done comparing early and late post-operative cervical spinal x-rays for cage subsidence and migration. Improvement in axial neck and radicular pain were assessed using the Visual Analogue Score (VAS). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), A p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Sixty patients underwent Anterior Cervical Discectomy with Fusion (ACDF) through Cloward approach. F:M ratio was 1:1. Two levels were operated in 75% of patients, while in 25% three levels were operated. The majority 85% underwent operation at C5-6 level, least operated levels were C3-C4 and C6-C7 36.7% and 66.7% underwent operation at C4-C5 level. None underwent operation at C2-C3 level. There was significant improvement in axial neck pain with VAS decreasing from 6 to 2, radicular pain improved from 7 to 2. Only one patient (1.7%) showed radiological subsidence of 3 mm after 6 months of operation with no further progression, cage slippage was observed in 2 patients (3.3%) by 1 mm in both cases but no radiological progression. All patients (100%) showed good fusion. Conclusion: Multilevel ACDF with PEEK cages without plating showed to be safe option and provided good fusion rates and clinical outcome in our patients.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common diagnosed. cancer in the world, so that colonic polyp detection is important because colonic polyp is a precursor to CRC. Objective: To detect the prevalence of polyp and adenoma. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was done using reports of endoscopic examination done previously for patients seen at gasteroenterology and hepatology hospital in Baghdad. Results: The study included 924 examination of colon, mean age of patients was 48.1 years. Polyps was detected in 128 colonoscopies. (PDR) was 16.7 %. The PDR was higher in patients ≥ 60 years old (25 %), while polyp detection rate was ( 17.7 % ) in those 50 – 59 years age group. Adenoma was found in 7.9 % of those with completed colonoscopies. It was higher in male patients (9.2 % ) than female patients (6.2%). It was highest in age group ≥ 60 years old (15.9%), while adenoma was found in (8.2 %) of those with age group of 50 – 59 years old. Conclusion: This study highlight on the prevalence of polyp (16.7%) and adenomas (7.9%) in patients underwent endoscopy for different indications, and give us an idea about screening for CRC in Iraq and at which age it should be started.
{"title":"Prevalence and Property of Colonic polyp and Adenoma among Iraqi Patients","authors":"Sajid Ali Hussein ,, Raghad J Akayashy","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1056","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common diagnosed. cancer in the world, so that colonic polyp detection is important because colonic polyp is a precursor to CRC. Objective: To detect the prevalence of polyp and adenoma. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was done using reports of endoscopic examination done previously for patients seen at gasteroenterology and hepatology hospital in Baghdad. Results: The study included 924 examination of colon, mean age of patients was 48.1 years. Polyps was detected in 128 colonoscopies. (PDR) was 16.7 %. The PDR was higher in patients ≥ 60 years old (25 %), while polyp detection rate was ( 17.7 % ) in those 50 – 59 years age group. Adenoma was found in 7.9 % of those with completed colonoscopies. It was higher in male patients (9.2 % ) than female patients (6.2%). It was highest in age group ≥ 60 years old (15.9%), while adenoma was found in (8.2 %) of those with age group of 50 – 59 years old. Conclusion: This study highlight on the prevalence of polyp (16.7%) and adenomas (7.9%) in patients underwent endoscopy for different indications, and give us an idea about screening for CRC in Iraq and at which age it should be started.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asmaa A. Ajwad,, Muayad Kadhim Rashid ,, Ibrahim Tariq Ibrahim ,, Mustafa AbdulKareem Salman ,, Ali Mousa Jaafar
Background: Heart rate metrics including the average heart rate, maximum heart rate, and minimum heart rate reflect the physiological condition of the heart. Clinically, determining the impact of ventricular and atrial ectopic beats on those three metrics is important because they indicate how hard the heart is working. Objective: To investigate the changes in heart rates of ventricular and atrial ectopic patients. Patients and Methods: In this study, data from 90 persons (30 with ventricular ectopic beats, 30 with atrial ectopic beats, and 30 healthy people) were gathered and analyzed to see what changes in heart rate metrics may occur in patients with ectopic beats. Results: According to our results, the three heart rate metrics in almost all three groups are statistically insignificant (p-value > 0.05). The average heart rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ventricular ectopic patients than in atrial ectopic patients. The effect of age and gender on heart rate metrics were statistically assessed. Conclusion: Despite the fact that no significant differences were found in all groups, there were certain differences that require further examination. One of the long-term objectives is to expand this study to incorporate electrocardiography (ECG) analysis in order to complete the comparison between the three groups.
{"title":"Influence of Ectopic Beats on the Average, Maximum, and Minimum Heart Rates","authors":"Asmaa A. Ajwad,, Muayad Kadhim Rashid ,, Ibrahim Tariq Ibrahim ,, Mustafa AbdulKareem Salman ,, Ali Mousa Jaafar","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Heart rate metrics including the average heart rate, maximum heart rate, and minimum heart rate reflect the physiological condition of the heart. Clinically, determining the impact of ventricular and atrial ectopic beats on those three metrics is important because they indicate how hard the heart is working. Objective: To investigate the changes in heart rates of ventricular and atrial ectopic patients. Patients and Methods: In this study, data from 90 persons (30 with ventricular ectopic beats, 30 with atrial ectopic beats, and 30 healthy people) were gathered and analyzed to see what changes in heart rate metrics may occur in patients with ectopic beats. Results: According to our results, the three heart rate metrics in almost all three groups are statistically insignificant (p-value > 0.05). The average heart rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ventricular ectopic patients than in atrial ectopic patients. The effect of age and gender on heart rate metrics were statistically assessed. Conclusion: Despite the fact that no significant differences were found in all groups, there were certain differences that require further examination. One of the long-term objectives is to expand this study to incorporate electrocardiography (ECG) analysis in order to complete the comparison between the three groups.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"26 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karrar Nihad Muhamed Al-Mujamaii ,, Hajer Ali Ahmed Hentati ,, Zainab Hafidh Taha ,, Abdulhameed Salim Altaee
Background: Malocclusion and fixed orthodontic appliance convoluted the ordinary oral hygiene measures, which may lead to accumulation and prolonged retention of dental plaque on tooth surfaces particularly around the orthodontic brackets and auxiliaries of the fixed orthodontic appliance. Objective: To evaluate the oral health status among a group of orthodontic patients by evaluating the plaque, gingival, calculus, and Enamel Decalcification indices. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted among 128 persons (64 with fixed orthodontic appliance as a study group and 64 without fixed orthodontic appliance as a control group. An assessment of related clinical parameters as plaque, gingival, as well as enamel decalcification indices were done. Results: The present study revealed that the mean plaque, gingival, as well as enamel decalcification indices for the total sample were (1.182±0.356), (1.230±0.269), and (1.329±0.413) respectively. Additionally, all of these indices were higher among study group (fixed orthodontic patient) than among control group (persons without orthodontic appliance) with statistically significant difference among groups for each. Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic appliance is an effective plaque retentive factor that accumulate dental plaque which is the main causative factor for development of enamel white spot lesion and periodontal disease.
{"title":"Evaluation of oral health status for a group of orthodontic patients","authors":"Karrar Nihad Muhamed Al-Mujamaii ,, Hajer Ali Ahmed Hentati ,, Zainab Hafidh Taha ,, Abdulhameed Salim Altaee","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1063","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malocclusion and fixed orthodontic appliance convoluted the ordinary oral hygiene measures, which may lead to accumulation and prolonged retention of dental plaque on tooth surfaces particularly around the orthodontic brackets and auxiliaries of the fixed orthodontic appliance. Objective: To evaluate the oral health status among a group of orthodontic patients by evaluating the plaque, gingival, calculus, and Enamel Decalcification indices. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted among 128 persons (64 with fixed orthodontic appliance as a study group and 64 without fixed orthodontic appliance as a control group. An assessment of related clinical parameters as plaque, gingival, as well as enamel decalcification indices were done. Results: The present study revealed that the mean plaque, gingival, as well as enamel decalcification indices for the total sample were (1.182±0.356), (1.230±0.269), and (1.329±0.413) respectively. Additionally, all of these indices were higher among study group (fixed orthodontic patient) than among control group (persons without orthodontic appliance) with statistically significant difference among groups for each. Conclusion: Fixed orthodontic appliance is an effective plaque retentive factor that accumulate dental plaque which is the main causative factor for development of enamel white spot lesion and periodontal disease.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"31 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raed Farooq Khaleel ,, Abdulkaliq Abduljabbar Ali ,, Suhair Mohammed Hassoon
Background: Osteoporosis is an illness that may be categorized as a "silent pandemic" because of its worldwide incidence. The essential characteristics of osteoporosis are bone mass reduction and degeneration in bone tissue's micro-architecture. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) seems to be the most prevalent skeletal disorder. Objective: To study investigates the influence of practicing exercise and physical activity as the most critical contributing factors of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from July 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Data were collected directly through interviews using a special questionnaire. One hundred and fifty postmenopausal women with osteoporosis participated in this study. A rheumatologist clinically diagnosed all participants using a bone density screening (DEXA). Results: the current study's results indicate the prevalence of osteoporosis among postmenopausal women, with a higher percentage of 69.3% in the age group (≥50 years). 60.7% of all participants were overweight and obese according to body mass index (BMI). Calcium deficiency was found in 87.3% of the subjects, more than two third (76%) of them were not practicing exercises, and 86.7% suffered from vitamin D deficiency. Reclassifying the actual and wrong percentile demonstrates the accurate percentile (overall percentage = 78.7), 32 individuals were wrongly classified, and the probability of total error was reported at around 21.3%. The most important finding was that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who exercised and participated in physical activity regularly were 13.7 times in better health than those who did not exercise. Conclusion: Exercising and physical activity lower risk factors for postmenopausal women. It is becoming more necessary to reconsider the importance of performing exercises in maintaining and enhancing postmenopausal women's health.
{"title":"The Impact of Practicing Exercise and Risk Factors Categorize in Osteoporotic Concerning Postmenopausal Women (Analytical study using binary logistic regression)","authors":"Raed Farooq Khaleel ,, Abdulkaliq Abduljabbar Ali ,, Suhair Mohammed Hassoon","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1060","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis is an illness that may be categorized as a \"silent pandemic\" because of its worldwide incidence. The essential characteristics of osteoporosis are bone mass reduction and degeneration in bone tissue's micro-architecture. Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) seems to be the most prevalent skeletal disorder. Objective: To study investigates the influence of practicing exercise and physical activity as the most critical contributing factors of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from July 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021. Data were collected directly through interviews using a special questionnaire. One hundred and fifty postmenopausal women with osteoporosis participated in this study. A rheumatologist clinically diagnosed all participants using a bone density screening (DEXA). Results: the current study's results indicate the prevalence of osteoporosis among postmenopausal women, with a higher percentage of 69.3% in the age group (≥50 years). 60.7% of all participants were overweight and obese according to body mass index (BMI). Calcium deficiency was found in 87.3% of the subjects, more than two third (76%) of them were not practicing exercises, and 86.7% suffered from vitamin D deficiency. Reclassifying the actual and wrong percentile demonstrates the accurate percentile (overall percentage = 78.7), 32 individuals were wrongly classified, and the probability of total error was reported at around 21.3%. The most important finding was that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who exercised and participated in physical activity regularly were 13.7 times in better health than those who did not exercise. Conclusion: Exercising and physical activity lower risk factors for postmenopausal women. It is becoming more necessary to reconsider the importance of performing exercises in maintaining and enhancing postmenopausal women's health.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safa H Ali ,, Sawsan Satti ,, Alaa H Ali ,, Asmaa B Al-Obaidi
Background: BK polyomavirus that is acquired in early childhood as BKPyV is near ubiquitous in adults with a seroprevalence of >80%, it has been found as the main cause of hemorrhagic cystitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients, due to immunosuppression regimen that lead to the activation of the virus from the latency status and lead to increased viral shedding in urine (viuria). Objective: To investigate the frequency of BK Polyomavirus antigen excretion in urine of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with and without chemotherapy and compare it with normal controls. Patients and Methods: A case-control study conducted from December 2021 to May 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq on leukemia patients of Central Pediatrics Hospital (Al-Eskan ). Urine samples and urine sediment smears were collected from 60 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. And compared with 60 apparently healthy age and sex-matched children, BK polyomavirus antigen in urine was detected using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay and urine cytology were Pap stained for the detection of decoy cells (DCs). Results: Positive BKPyV antigen in urine was seen in 55 (91.7%) of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and 39 (65.0%) in controls (p=<0.001) and all the patients were decoy negative. There was no significant effect of the positivity of antigenuria on neither leukocytes level nor on the occurance of relapse in leukemia patients. Conclusion: The very high frequency of BKPyV in the urine signifies the importance of reactivation of this virus in ALL patients with and without chemotherapy.
背景：造血干细胞移植患者出血性膀胱炎的主要病因是免疫抑制方案导致病毒从潜伏状态被激活，并导致尿液中病毒脱落（病毒尿）增加。 研究目的研究急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿化疗和未化疗时尿液中 BK 多瘤病毒抗原的排泄频率，并与正常对照组进行比较。 患者和方法：2021年12月至2022年5月在伊拉克巴格达对中央儿科医院（Al-Eskan）的白血病患者进行了病例对照研究。研究收集了 60 名急性淋巴细胞白血病患者的尿液样本和尿沉渣涂片。使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测尿液中的 BK 多瘤病毒抗原，并对尿液细胞学进行巴氏染色以检测诱饵细胞（DCs）。 结果急性淋巴细胞白血病患者中有 55 人（91.7%）尿液中 BKPyV 抗原阳性，对照组中有 39 人（65.0%）尿液中 BKPyV 抗原阳性（P=<0.001），所有患者均为诱饵阴性。抗原阳性对白血病患者的白细胞水平和复发率均无明显影响。 结论尿液中 BKPyV 的频率非常高，这表明该病毒在接受或未接受化疗的 ALL 患者中再活化的重要性。
{"title":"Detection of Bk Polyomavirus Antigen in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","authors":"Safa H Ali ,, Sawsan Satti ,, Alaa H Ali ,, Asmaa B Al-Obaidi","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1049","url":null,"abstract":"Background: BK polyomavirus that is acquired in early childhood as BKPyV is near ubiquitous in adults with a seroprevalence of >80%, it has been found as the main cause of hemorrhagic cystitis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients, due to immunosuppression regimen that lead to the activation of the virus from the latency status and lead to increased viral shedding in urine (viuria). Objective: To investigate the frequency of BK Polyomavirus antigen excretion in urine of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with and without chemotherapy and compare it with normal controls. Patients and Methods: A case-control study conducted from December 2021 to May 2022 in Baghdad, Iraq on leukemia patients of Central Pediatrics Hospital (Al-Eskan ). Urine samples and urine sediment smears were collected from 60 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. And compared with 60 apparently healthy age and sex-matched children, BK polyomavirus antigen in urine was detected using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay and urine cytology were Pap stained for the detection of decoy cells (DCs). Results: Positive BKPyV antigen in urine was seen in 55 (91.7%) of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and 39 (65.0%) in controls (p=<0.001) and all the patients were decoy negative. There was no significant effect of the positivity of antigenuria on neither leukocytes level nor on the occurance of relapse in leukemia patients. Conclusion: The very high frequency of BKPyV in the urine signifies the importance of reactivation of this virus in ALL patients with and without chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"3 7‐8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Pleurotus genus or oyster mushroom is the richest of all edible mushroom because of Its medicinal and therapeutic value for human health, their medicinal importance due to their active compounds and enzymes that have been classified as biologically active, antitumor, anticancer, antihypersensitivity and antiaging, and in the treatment of HIV and high blood pressure. Objective: To testing the cytotoxic effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of an Iraqi strain of edible mushroom Pleurotus osteratus in the presence of the positive control represented by the toxic drug methotrexate and measuring the percentage of free radical scavenging of these extracts. Patients and Methods: The dried powder of fruiting bodies of Iraqi strain Pleurotus ostreatus was prepared aqueous (hot and cold) and ethanol 96% extracts at three different concentrations (100, 200, 300) µg/ml, the cytotoxic effects of theses extracts was investigated using peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and (0.65) µg/ml of methotrexate (MTX) drug was counted as positive control. The slides were microscopically examined (10X), and at least 1000 cells were inspected to determine the Blastogenic Index BI), Mitotic Index MI and chromosomal aberration (TCA) and Antioxidant Test of the theses extracts s were evaluated byDPPH radical-scavenging activity assay (2,2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazylhydrate ). Results: the results of toxic effects of hot , cold aqueous and ethanol extracts on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) showed no significant differences in ( TCA) % with negative control in comparison with positive control .,While , There has been a noticeable change in (MI) %and (BI) %with negative control , likewise, Scavenging activity was the highest for aqueous and ethanol extracts with increasing the concentrations when compared with the control ascorpic acid . Conclusion: Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus are free of any toxic effect on lymphocytes of the peripheral blood , which can be considered a mitogenic agent.
{"title":"Evaluation of Some the Cytotoxic Effects of Edible Mushroom Extracts Pleurotus ostreatus","authors":"Hayder Nabeel Abd-Alsaada ,, Shatha Ali Shafiq","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1048","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pleurotus genus or oyster mushroom is the richest of all edible mushroom because of Its medicinal and therapeutic value for human health, their medicinal importance due to their active compounds and enzymes that have been classified as biologically active, antitumor, anticancer, antihypersensitivity and antiaging, and in the treatment of HIV and high blood pressure. Objective: To testing the cytotoxic effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of an Iraqi strain of edible mushroom Pleurotus osteratus in the presence of the positive control represented by the toxic drug methotrexate and measuring the percentage of free radical scavenging of these extracts. Patients and Methods: The dried powder of fruiting bodies of Iraqi strain Pleurotus ostreatus was prepared aqueous (hot and cold) and ethanol 96% extracts at three different concentrations (100, 200, 300) µg/ml, the cytotoxic effects of theses extracts was investigated using peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and (0.65) µg/ml of methotrexate (MTX) drug was counted as positive control. The slides were microscopically examined (10X), and at least 1000 cells were inspected to determine the Blastogenic Index BI), Mitotic Index MI and chromosomal aberration (TCA) and Antioxidant Test of the theses extracts s were evaluated byDPPH radical-scavenging activity assay (2,2- diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazylhydrate ). Results: the results of toxic effects of hot , cold aqueous and ethanol extracts on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) showed no significant differences in ( TCA) % with negative control in comparison with positive control .,While , There has been a noticeable change in (MI) %and (BI) %with negative control , likewise, Scavenging activity was the highest for aqueous and ethanol extracts with increasing the concentrations when compared with the control ascorpic acid . Conclusion: Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus are free of any toxic effect on lymphocytes of the peripheral blood , which can be considered a mitogenic agent.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lymphadenopathy refers to the enlargement of lymph nodes due to various causes, and its appropriate management is crucial for optimal patient outcomes. Objective: To analyze the onset of lymphadenopathy (LAP) in children in terms of gender and age, explore its clinical manifestations and the specific lymph node areas affected, identify prevalent causes, and assess the outcomes of various treatment approaches. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted between October 2021 and March 2023 at Rapareen Teaching Hospital for Children in Erbil City, which examined the lymphadenopathy in 40 children . The study included children aged 0-15 years with a lymphadenopathy diagnosis. Data collection involved recording demographic information, lymphadenopathy site and characteristics, clinical symptoms, antibiotic usage and response, reactive diagnoses, and treatment outcomes. Additional laboratory measurements were also taken. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and logistic regression analysis. The study adhered to ethical principles, obtained informed consent, and ensured data confidentiality. Results: The mean age of the children was 3.397 ± (2.192) years. 23 (59%) children had a single lymphadenopathy, and 16 (41%) had multiple lymphadenopathies. The most common site of lymphadenopathy with a frequency of 10 (25%) was in the posterior cervical region, while 7 (17.5%) was observed in the submental area. 38 (95%) children received antibiotic treatment. Out of this number, 23 (60.5%) responded positively to the treatment, while 15 (39.5.5%) did not respond. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in the patients who were treated with antibiotics, the drug was able to lead to some degree of recovery.
{"title":"Management Outcomes of Lymphadenopathy among the Children","authors":"Siamand Yahya Salim ,, Wesam Amjad Boya Kaka","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lymphadenopathy refers to the enlargement of lymph nodes due to various causes, and its appropriate management is crucial for optimal patient outcomes. Objective: To analyze the onset of lymphadenopathy (LAP) in children in terms of gender and age, explore its clinical manifestations and the specific lymph node areas affected, identify prevalent causes, and assess the outcomes of various treatment approaches. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted between October 2021 and March 2023 at Rapareen Teaching Hospital for Children in Erbil City, which examined the lymphadenopathy in 40 children . The study included children aged 0-15 years with a lymphadenopathy diagnosis. Data collection involved recording demographic information, lymphadenopathy site and characteristics, clinical symptoms, antibiotic usage and response, reactive diagnoses, and treatment outcomes. Additional laboratory measurements were also taken. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and logistic regression analysis. The study adhered to ethical principles, obtained informed consent, and ensured data confidentiality. Results: The mean age of the children was 3.397 ± (2.192) years. 23 (59%) children had a single lymphadenopathy, and 16 (41%) had multiple lymphadenopathies. The most common site of lymphadenopathy with a frequency of 10 (25%) was in the posterior cervical region, while 7 (17.5%) was observed in the submental area. 38 (95%) children received antibiotic treatment. Out of this number, 23 (60.5%) responded positively to the treatment, while 15 (39.5.5%) did not respond. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in the patients who were treated with antibiotics, the drug was able to lead to some degree of recovery.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"16 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim T Ibrahim,, Suad M. Al-Deen,, Marwan S.M. Al-Nimer,, Ali Abdulkareem Yahya
Background: Electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS) is subjective clinical signs and symptoms caused by exposure to the electromagnetic field.
Objective: To show the gender distribution of each category of EHS in people who lived near the mobile phone base station.
Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the College of Medicine, University of Diyala. A total number of 196 individuals (128 men and 68 women) lived within a 1500 m distance away from the mobile phone base station in the Diyala province in the North East of Baghdad-Iraq included in the study. The authors interviewed the participants and completed the EHS questionnaires.
Results: Participants reported high scores of sleep disturbances, anxiety, and mood fluctuation compared with other complaints. Men had significantly higher scores of transient deafness and migraine-like headache compared with women. There were no significant differences between men and women with subjective signs and symptoms related to the cardiovascular system or skin. Multi-variable linear regression data revealed a significant correlation (R=0.253) between the total scores of EHS with the age, distance from the base station, and the onset of the illnesses).
Conclusion: We conclude that men who lived in the vicinity of the mobile phone base station are significantly vulnerable to sleep disorder, anxiety, and fluctuation of mood induced by electromagnetic radiation.
{"title":"Assessment of Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity Syndrome in Subjects Lived Near Mobile Phone Base Station: Gender Based Study","authors":"Ibrahim T Ibrahim,, Suad M. Al-Deen,, Marwan S.M. Al-Nimer,, Ali Abdulkareem Yahya","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1026","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS) is subjective clinical signs and symptoms caused by exposure to the electromagnetic field.
 Objective: To show the gender distribution of each category of EHS in people who lived near the mobile phone base station. 
 Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the College of Medicine, University of Diyala. A total number of 196 individuals (128 men and 68 women) lived within a 1500 m distance away from the mobile phone base station in the Diyala province in the North East of Baghdad-Iraq included in the study. The authors interviewed the participants and completed the EHS questionnaires.
 Results: Participants reported high scores of sleep disturbances, anxiety, and mood fluctuation compared with other complaints. Men had significantly higher scores of transient deafness and migraine-like headache compared with women. There were no significant differences between men and women with subjective signs and symptoms related to the cardiovascular system or skin. Multi-variable linear regression data revealed a significant correlation (R=0.253) between the total scores of EHS with the age, distance from the base station, and the onset of the illnesses). 
 Conclusion: We conclude that men who lived in the vicinity of the mobile phone base station are significantly vulnerable to sleep disorder, anxiety, and fluctuation of mood induced by electromagnetic radiation.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135808549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The present study describes complex reaction between 4-(2-Thiazolylazo)resorcinol (TAR) and Dy(III) metal ion. The TAR compound is known to form coloured chelates with various lanthanide metal ions . Researches done in the field of azo complexes is relatively little.
Objective: To Dysprosiumchloride was selected as a metallic salt, coordination complex of Dy(III) with TAR ligand were prepared, Dysprosium metal ion get chelates as it react with TAR. It’s been recognized for along interval of time that the azo group has the ability to develop a coordinate fitting with metal ions. Dy(III) complex was identified via FT-IR , UV-Vis. spectroscopy and measuring the electrical properties. The purpose of the research applied in the field of dyes
Patients and Methods: The complex [Dy(TAR)2].Cl have been characterized by elemental analysis (CHN). TAR ligand and its complex were further studied using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. Spectra of this complex shows that the TAR compound behaves as a tridentate manner via (ONN) atoms .
Results: The antibacterial activity of free ligand and so Dy(III) complex were investigated .The composition of the chelate was found to be 1:2 (M:L) .Dy(III) metal ion was six coordinate the analytical results of the complex show the ratio of stoichiometry and complex showed octahedral geometry around metal ion .
Conclusion: All results indicates that the Dy complex have the chemical formula [Dy(TAR)2].Cl The overall number of points of attachment to the central element is termed the coordination number.The study of biological activity shows that the complex is more effective than the ligand.
{"title":"Synthesis and Biological Activity of Dysprosium Lanthanide Complex with Azo Ligand","authors":"Kamaran Basheer Hussein ,, Sangar Sabah Sabir","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1029","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study describes complex reaction between 4-(2-Thiazolylazo)resorcinol (TAR) and Dy(III) metal ion. The TAR compound is known to form coloured chelates with various lanthanide metal ions . Researches done in the field of azo complexes is relatively little.
 Objective: To Dysprosiumchloride was selected as a metallic salt, coordination complex of Dy(III) with TAR ligand were prepared, Dysprosium metal ion get chelates as it react with TAR. It’s been recognized for along interval of time that the azo group has the ability to develop a coordinate fitting with metal ions. Dy(III) complex was identified via FT-IR , UV-Vis. spectroscopy and measuring the electrical properties. The purpose of the research applied in the field of dyes
 Patients and Methods: The complex [Dy(TAR)2].Cl have been characterized by elemental analysis (CHN). TAR ligand and its complex were further studied using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. Spectra of this complex shows that the TAR compound behaves as a tridentate manner via (ONN) atoms .
 Results: The antibacterial activity of free ligand and so Dy(III) complex were investigated .The composition of the chelate was found to be 1:2 (M:L) .Dy(III) metal ion was six coordinate the analytical results of the complex show the ratio of stoichiometry and complex showed octahedral geometry around metal ion .
 Conclusion: All results indicates that the Dy complex have the chemical formula [Dy(TAR)2].Cl The overall number of points of attachment to the central element is termed the coordination number.The study of biological activity shows that the complex is more effective than the ligand.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"403 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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