Zainab Bressam Fajer, Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy, Ahmed H. AL-Zuhairi
Background: S. aureus is one of the dominant bacterial pathogens among dermal infections in human and animals, which have resistance to different antimicrobial drugs.
Objective: Isolation and identification of S.aureus from skin lesions among sheep breeders by traditional methods, Vitek 2 system and PCR using Staur 4, 6 specific pri-mers for validation, Detection of genes (methicillin resistant (mecA), Beta- lac-tamase gene (blaZ) by conventional PCR ,determine antibiotic sensitivity pat-tern by kirby bauer disc diffusion method.
Patients and Methods: A total of 44 swaps were collected from sheep breeders suffered from variety of infected skin lesions to detect methicillin sensitive and resistant s. aureus by employing traditional methods in addition to confirmatory techniques through fast rapid VETEK2 system , detection of genes (methicillin resistant (mecA), Be-ta- lactamase gene (blaZ) by conventional PCR , and determine antibiotic sensi-tivity pattern by kirby bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: S.aureus was isolated from 15/44,( 34.09%) of skin lesion of sheep breeders . A total of 6/15 ,(40%) were methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) ,which represent ( 13.63%) from total samples .Beta lactamase gene primers was detected in all S.aureus isolates. A 6/15,(40%) of S.aureus have resistance for members of antibiotics classes, penicillins, polypeptides, fluoroquinolones, macrolide which include the following : methicillin that was confirmed early by detection of me-cA gene , levofloxacin , ofloxacin , erythromycin and vancomycin. A 6/15,(40%) of S.aureus have multidrug resistant trait for Penicillins, Polypep-tides, Fluoroquinolones, Macrolide antibiotics. Non multidrug resistant S.aureus was reported for Penicillins (oxacillin,4/15, 26%) and Polypeptides antibiotics (vancomycin 8/15, 53.33%) of S.aureus . Absolute sensitivity was reported for gentamycin, tetracycline, rifampicin, imipenem and chloramphenicol.
Conclusion: Methicillin sensitive S.aureus was more common compared with MRSA isolated from dermal infections of sheep breeders. Blaz gene was predominantly ex-pressed by S.aureus isolates followed by Mec A gene. S.aureus have resistance for penicillins, polypeptides, fluoroquinolones, macrolide which include the fol-lowing : methicillin, levofloxacin , ofloxacin , erythromycin and vancomycin . S.aureus have multidrug resistant trait for Penicillins, Polypeptides, Fluoroquin-olones, Macrolide antibiotics. S.aureus was absolutely sensitive to gentamycin, tetracycline, rifampicin, imipenem and chloramphenicol.
{"title":"Molecular prevalence of MecA and Blaz Genes with phenotypic analysis of Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern for S.aureus Isolated From Dermal lesions of Sheep Breeders In Diyala Governorate – Iraq","authors":"Zainab Bressam Fajer, Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy, Ahmed H. AL-Zuhairi","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: S. aureus is one of the dominant bacterial pathogens among dermal infections in human and animals, which have resistance to different antimicrobial drugs.
 Objective: Isolation and identification of S.aureus from skin lesions among sheep breeders by traditional methods, Vitek 2 system and PCR using Staur 4, 6 specific pri-mers for validation, Detection of genes (methicillin resistant (mecA), Beta- lac-tamase gene (blaZ) by conventional PCR ,determine antibiotic sensitivity pat-tern by kirby bauer disc diffusion method.
 Patients and Methods: A total of 44 swaps were collected from sheep breeders suffered from variety of infected skin lesions to detect methicillin sensitive and resistant s. aureus by employing traditional methods in addition to confirmatory techniques through fast rapid VETEK2 system , detection of genes (methicillin resistant (mecA), Be-ta- lactamase gene (blaZ) by conventional PCR , and determine antibiotic sensi-tivity pattern by kirby bauer disc diffusion method.
 Results: S.aureus was isolated from 15/44,( 34.09%) of skin lesion of sheep breeders . A total of 6/15 ,(40%) were methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) ,which represent ( 13.63%) from total samples .Beta lactamase gene primers was detected in all S.aureus isolates. A 6/15,(40%) of S.aureus have resistance for members of antibiotics classes, penicillins, polypeptides, fluoroquinolones, macrolide which include the following : methicillin that was confirmed early by detection of me-cA gene , levofloxacin , ofloxacin , erythromycin and vancomycin. A 6/15,(40%) of S.aureus have multidrug resistant trait for Penicillins, Polypep-tides, Fluoroquinolones, Macrolide antibiotics. Non multidrug resistant S.aureus was reported for Penicillins (oxacillin,4/15, 26%) and Polypeptides antibiotics (vancomycin 8/15, 53.33%) of S.aureus . Absolute sensitivity was reported for gentamycin, tetracycline, rifampicin, imipenem and chloramphenicol.
 Conclusion: Methicillin sensitive S.aureus was more common compared with MRSA isolated from dermal infections of sheep breeders. Blaz gene was predominantly ex-pressed by S.aureus isolates followed by Mec A gene. S.aureus have resistance for penicillins, polypeptides, fluoroquinolones, macrolide which include the fol-lowing : methicillin, levofloxacin , ofloxacin , erythromycin and vancomycin . S.aureus have multidrug resistant trait for Penicillins, Polypeptides, Fluoroquin-olones, Macrolide antibiotics. S.aureus was absolutely sensitive to gentamycin, tetracycline, rifampicin, imipenem and chloramphenicol.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"43 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In elderly patients, fracture of the denture is one of the most common problems. Therefore, in this research, a chemical tantalum oxide was added to test its effect on the extent of increasing the strength of the denture and its ability to withstand fracture.
Objective: To assess how Tantalum oxide affected heat – cured acrylic s impact strength and hardness.
Patients and Methods: The Intention was to create a total of (60) specimens. Twenty samples were made without additives (control), and 40 had made with tantalum oxide at two different amounts ( 1%, 1.5%).
Results: The impact strength tests showed highly significant difference among studied groups . The hardness test also showed really significant difference between the two groups, the controls and the experiments. when tantalum oxide had added the impact strength and hardness had increase in all concentration.
Conclusion: Denture fracture in elderly patients is the main problem, while when adding this substance, a decrease in the fracture rate was observed when compared with dentures without adding this substance.
{"title":"Effect of Tantalum Oxide Nanopowder on Heat Cure Acrylic Resin Impact Strength and Surface Hardness","authors":"Sajjad yaqoub yousif ,, Zainab Saleh Abdullah","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1030","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In elderly patients, fracture of the denture is one of the most common problems. Therefore, in this research, a chemical tantalum oxide was added to test its effect on the extent of increasing the strength of the denture and its ability to withstand fracture.
 Objective: To assess how Tantalum oxide affected heat – cured acrylic s impact strength and hardness.
 Patients and Methods: The Intention was to create a total of (60) specimens. Twenty samples were made without additives (control), and 40 had made with tantalum oxide at two different amounts ( 1%, 1.5%).
 Results: The impact strength tests showed highly significant difference among studied groups . The hardness test also showed really significant difference between the two groups, the controls and the experiments. when tantalum oxide had added the impact strength and hardness had increase in all concentration.
 Conclusion: Denture fracture in elderly patients is the main problem, while when adding this substance, a decrease in the fracture rate was observed when compared with dentures without adding this substance.
 
","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"98 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:Evaluation methods for periodontal disorders are continually being refined to yield more precise, reliable, and time-efficient findings. Radiographic reports and clinical assessments of periodontal tissues, which served as the basis for earlier trends, were used to identify disorders affecting the tooth-supporting structures. As traditional approaches have become more apparent gradually over time, new methods emerged, some of which have been empirically validated. One example is the detection and measurement of biomarkers in bodily fluids. One of the most pressing issues in periodontal field nowadays is the search for an idealized periodontal diagnostic/prognostic biomarker that can both identify diseased areas and track the therapeutic success of periodontal treatment. Both IL-17 and IL-10 have shown connection to periodontitis that could encourage using them as diagnostic tools.
Objective: To provide a review of the role and association of the above biomarkers to periodontitis.
Patients and Methods: A systematic research of Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed Central, research gate was conducted using keywords such as diagnosis, periodontitis, IL-17, IL-10, biomarkers, Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).
Results: out of 58 records which resulted from the initial search only 14 were included which used roles, associations, and diagnosis as their outcomes.
Conclusion: Evidence from the selected records suggests that the above stated biomarkers might be able to discriminate periodontitis from health, monitoring disease progression and post treatment outcome, but actual clinical application needs much further research.
{"title":"IL-17 and IL-10 as potential biomarkers for diagnosing periodontitis patients: A Review","authors":"Maha Abdulsalam Mohammed ,, Raghad Fadhil Abbas","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1025","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Evaluation methods for periodontal disorders are continually being refined to yield more precise, reliable, and time-efficient findings. Radiographic reports and clinical assessments of periodontal tissues, which served as the basis for earlier trends, were used to identify disorders affecting the tooth-supporting structures. As traditional approaches have become more apparent gradually over time, new methods emerged, some of which have been empirically validated. One example is the detection and measurement of biomarkers in bodily fluids. One of the most pressing issues in periodontal field nowadays is the search for an idealized periodontal diagnostic/prognostic biomarker that can both identify diseased areas and track the therapeutic success of periodontal treatment. Both IL-17 and IL-10 have shown connection to periodontitis that could encourage using them as diagnostic tools.
 Objective: To provide a review of the role and association of the above biomarkers to periodontitis.
 Patients and Methods: A systematic research of Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed Central, research gate was conducted using keywords such as diagnosis, periodontitis, IL-17, IL-10, biomarkers, Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).
 Results: out of 58 records which resulted from the initial search only 14 were included which used roles, associations, and diagnosis as their outcomes.
 Conclusion: Evidence from the selected records suggests that the above stated biomarkers might be able to discriminate periodontitis from health, monitoring disease progression and post treatment outcome, but actual clinical application needs much further research.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mazin Khalid Abdullah ,, Marwa Qader Salman ,, Ibraheem Mahmood Rajab
Background: An outbreak of food poisoning was investigated in a prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23, after poisoning cases was reported to the primary health care center of the area on June 22, 2022.
Objective: To determine the cause of food poisoning outbreak among the inmates.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23 and the data has been collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher and filled out by direct interview with all individuals who attended meals, all person in that prison were interviewed and traced back every meal served in the last two days before the investigation.
Results: All people who had interviewed, (12) reported to have a common meal in afternoon of 21-June 2022, with age mean of 33.5+_ 6 SD. (5) of them met the probable case definition of food poisoning, and the first two cases had the onset of symptoms within 12hr. of the exposure, the last case experienced a symptom was after 24 hr., all cases had fever and headache followed by diarrhea (80%), nausea and abdominal pain (60%) and vomiting (40%). The meal items were canned meat, canned tuna, grilled chicken, apricot, plum and yogurt, the highest relative risk was for tuna (RR=4) with risk difference of (50%)
Conclusion: The food item responsible for the outbreak was canned tuna. Based on the incubation period, symptoms and the unhealthy storage of food suggested that canned tuna could be contaminated with salmonella spp.
{"title":"Food poisoning outbreak in prisoners","authors":"Mazin Khalid Abdullah ,, Marwa Qader Salman ,, Ibraheem Mahmood Rajab","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An outbreak of food poisoning was investigated in a prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23, after poisoning cases was reported to the primary health care center of the area on June 22, 2022.
 Objective: To determine the cause of food poisoning outbreak among the inmates.
 Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23 and the data has been collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher and filled out by direct interview with all individuals who attended meals, all person in that prison were interviewed and traced back every meal served in the last two days before the investigation.
 Results: All people who had interviewed, (12) reported to have a common meal in afternoon of 21-June 2022, with age mean of 33.5+_ 6 SD. (5) of them met the probable case definition of food poisoning, and the first two cases had the onset of symptoms within 12hr. of the exposure, the last case experienced a symptom was after 24 hr., all cases had fever and headache followed by diarrhea (80%), nausea and abdominal pain (60%) and vomiting (40%). The meal items were canned meat, canned tuna, grilled chicken, apricot, plum and yogurt, the highest relative risk was for tuna (RR=4) with risk difference of (50%)
 Conclusion: The food item responsible for the outbreak was canned tuna. Based on the incubation period, symptoms and the unhealthy storage of food suggested that canned tuna could be contaminated with salmonella spp.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"30 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Yaseen Mohammad,, Arwa Mujahid Al-Shuwaikh ,, Haider Talib Al-Hamdani
Background: Both Viruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children and are considered an important cause of mortality worldwide.
Objective: To estimate the rate of human bocavirus and rotavirus co-infection in children with acute gastroenteritis and determine any association with different risk factors.
Patients and Methods: Stool samples were collected from one hundred children suffering from acute gastroenteritis at the Central Teaching Hospital of Pediatrics, Baghdad, Iraq, for the period from December 2021 to April 2022. Samples were stored at -20 °C until they were utilized by PCR and ELISA to identify the human bocavirus (HBoV) DNA and rotavirus antigen (RV-Ag), respectively.
Results: This cross-sectional study showed that HBoV DNA was detected in 10 out of 100 samples (10%), while RV-Ag was detected in 22 out of 93 samples (23.66%), and the co-infection rate was 100% (All cases positive for HBoV were also positive for RV). None of the studied demographic data and risk factors showed a significant association with HBoV and/or rotavirus infection (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Most NICU deaths resulted from prematurity and respiratory distress syndrome. Enhancing healthcare personnel skills, standardizing protocols, and evidence-based practices for preterm and respiratory distress syndrome management can help reduce neonatal mortality rates in Iraq.
{"title":"Bocavirus and rotavirus co-infection in children with acute gastroenteritis and associated risk factors","authors":"Mohammad Yaseen Mohammad,, Arwa Mujahid Al-Shuwaikh ,, Haider Talib Al-Hamdani","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1031","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Both Viruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children and are considered an important cause of mortality worldwide. 
 Objective: To estimate the rate of human bocavirus and rotavirus co-infection in children with acute gastroenteritis and determine any association with different risk factors.
 Patients and Methods: Stool samples were collected from one hundred children suffering from acute gastroenteritis at the Central Teaching Hospital of Pediatrics, Baghdad, Iraq, for the period from December 2021 to April 2022. Samples were stored at -20 °C until they were utilized by PCR and ELISA to identify the human bocavirus (HBoV) DNA and rotavirus antigen (RV-Ag), respectively.
 Results: This cross-sectional study showed that HBoV DNA was detected in 10 out of 100 samples (10%), while RV-Ag was detected in 22 out of 93 samples (23.66%), and the co-infection rate was 100% (All cases positive for HBoV were also positive for RV). None of the studied demographic data and risk factors showed a significant association with HBoV and/or rotavirus infection (P>0.05).
 Conclusion: Most NICU deaths resulted from prematurity and respiratory distress syndrome. Enhancing healthcare personnel skills, standardizing protocols, and evidence-based practices for preterm and respiratory distress syndrome management can help reduce neonatal mortality rates in Iraq.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging is accepted as the most advanced imaging modality for diagnosis of maxillofacial soft tissue abnormalities. It is noninvasive and has the potential to yield high quality tomographic imaging in any plane with bone as well as soft tissue spatial resolution. Additionally, the patient is not exposed to ionizing radiation or any biological hazards.
Objective: To determine the depth of masseter muscle in various vertical dentofacial shapes and to relate masseter muscle depth with craniofacial shapes using magnetic resonance imaging technique (MRI).
Patients and Methods: Thirty youthful, healthy people overall between the ages of 16 and 40 were chosen and divided into three groups of ten, using (MRI), categorize each as a vertical, average, and horizontal grower. The concepts masseter muscles had their different anatomical dimensions sagittal, axial, and coronal directions utilizing MRI perspectives.
Results: Our study found the difference is significant when comparing between the growth patterns in both direction (horizontal and vertical)(p<0.05), also the direction of muscle fibers of masseter muscle (anterior and posterior) away from first molar to the zygomatic arch was saved. In contrast to the horizontal list, when the fibers are attached anteriorly and vertically at the jaw angle, we discovered in our research that the direction of the muscle fibers is toward the posterior side more than anterior side and at a sharper angle.
Conclusion: The study found that the muscle fibers in the extra posterior direction had a steeper angle than the horizontal group, with the vertical fiber orientation having an anterior connection at the angle of the mouth.
{"title":"The role of magnetic resonance imaging technique in detection dentofacial pattern among Diyala Governorate population","authors":"Ali Hakiem Tawfieq","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1027","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging is accepted as the most advanced imaging modality for diagnosis of maxillofacial soft tissue abnormalities. It is noninvasive and has the potential to yield high quality tomographic imaging in any plane with bone as well as soft tissue spatial resolution. Additionally, the patient is not exposed to ionizing radiation or any biological hazards.
 Objective: To determine the depth of masseter muscle in various vertical dentofacial shapes and to relate masseter muscle depth with craniofacial shapes using magnetic resonance imaging technique (MRI).
 Patients and Methods: Thirty youthful, healthy people overall between the ages of 16 and 40 were chosen and divided into three groups of ten, using (MRI), categorize each as a vertical, average, and horizontal grower. The concepts masseter muscles had their different anatomical dimensions sagittal, axial, and coronal directions utilizing MRI perspectives.
 Results: Our study found the difference is significant when comparing between the growth patterns in both direction (horizontal and vertical)(p<0.05), also the direction of muscle fibers of masseter muscle (anterior and posterior) away from first molar to the zygomatic arch was saved. In contrast to the horizontal list, when the fibers are attached anteriorly and vertically at the jaw angle, we discovered in our research that the direction of the muscle fibers is toward the posterior side more than anterior side and at a sharper angle.
 Conclusion: The study found that the muscle fibers in the extra posterior direction had a steeper angle than the horizontal group, with the vertical fiber orientation having an anterior connection at the angle of the mouth.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135808422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common condition that significantly affect the quality of life, high health-care consumption and significant comorbidity.
Objective: To investigate and identify the symptoms that are most often experienced by people with chronic rhinosinusitis.
Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we conducted one hundred patients complaining of chronic rhinosinusitis presented to the outpatient clinic for otolaryngology at Baquba teaching hospital; the patients were chosen randomly. A careful clinical examination following comprehensive history taking done for all of the patients. All patient's main complaint were nasal airway obstruction, nasal discharge, and anosmia. In addition to a clinical evaluation, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses was performed,. And Diagnostic nasal endoscopy
Results: The population under investigation had a mean age of 35 years and was mostly comprised of males. The majority of patients in this study reported a common symptoms, including nasal congestion (72%), headache (68%), and rhinorrhea (mucus discharge) (58%)
Conclusion: Chronic rhinosinusitis is characterised by a set of symptoms that, if caught early, may be diagnosed and treated effectively.
{"title":"Evaluating symptoms of chronic rhino sinusitis and most common sinuses affected","authors":"Qays Jaafar Khalaf","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common condition that significantly affect the quality of life, high health-care consumption and significant comorbidity.
 Objective: To investigate and identify the symptoms that are most often experienced by people with chronic rhinosinusitis.
 Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we conducted one hundred patients complaining of chronic rhinosinusitis presented to the outpatient clinic for otolaryngology at Baquba teaching hospital; the patients were chosen randomly. A careful clinical examination following comprehensive history taking done for all of the patients. All patient's main complaint were nasal airway obstruction, nasal discharge, and anosmia. In addition to a clinical evaluation, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses was performed,. And Diagnostic nasal endoscopy
 Results: The population under investigation had a mean age of 35 years and was mostly comprised of males. The majority of patients in this study reported a common symptoms, including nasal congestion (72%), headache (68%), and rhinorrhea (mucus discharge) (58%)
 Conclusion: Chronic rhinosinusitis is characterised by a set of symptoms that, if caught early, may be diagnosed and treated effectively.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hani Hameed Wadi ,, Ahmed Amer Hadi Al-Majmaie,, Anfal Shakir Motib
Background: The role of tonsillectomy history on the course of COVID-19 infection has not been determined, including COVID-19 colonization in the tonsillar tissue and reduce the cytokine activity of palatine tonsil tissue and the immune response of humoral with cellular immune.
Objective: To determine the effect of tonsillectomy in the development of COVID-19 infection.
Patients and Methods: It was collected 150 cases diagnosed with COVID-19 and they admitted to Diyala Hospitals. Data including age, gender, smokers, and symptom status were collected.
Results: The total number of the patients who were positive COVID-19 was 150, the 102 (68%) of them were males and 48 (32 %) were females. It was found that the highest incidence rate was noticed among non-smoking patients (114 cases) compare to smokers (36 cases) (p<0.0001). It was appeared a significant difference (p<0.0001) of the symptoms of COVID-19 patients with tonsillectomy relative to the patients without tonsillectomy history.
Conclusion: Patients that infected with COVID-19 and they have a history of tonsillectomy have more systemic response including fever, chills and other symptoms compare to the patients without tonsillectomy history.
{"title":"The correlation between tonsillectomy and Covid-19 infection","authors":"Hani Hameed Wadi ,, Ahmed Amer Hadi Al-Majmaie,, Anfal Shakir Motib","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1034","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The role of tonsillectomy history on the course of COVID-19 infection has not been determined, including COVID-19 colonization in the tonsillar tissue and reduce the cytokine activity of palatine tonsil tissue and the immune response of humoral with cellular immune.
 Objective: To determine the effect of tonsillectomy in the development of COVID-19 infection.
 Patients and Methods: It was collected 150 cases diagnosed with COVID-19 and they admitted to Diyala Hospitals. Data including age, gender, smokers, and symptom status were collected.
 Results: The total number of the patients who were positive COVID-19 was 150, the 102 (68%) of them were males and 48 (32 %) were females. It was found that the highest incidence rate was noticed among non-smoking patients (114 cases) compare to smokers (36 cases) (p<0.0001). It was appeared a significant difference (p<0.0001) of the symptoms of COVID-19 patients with tonsillectomy relative to the patients without tonsillectomy history.
 Conclusion: Patients that infected with COVID-19 and they have a history of tonsillectomy have more systemic response including fever, chills and other symptoms compare to the patients without tonsillectomy history.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"152 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Mustafa Kamal ,, Khalid Zuhair Naama ,, Hossam Subhi Talab
Background: Iraq had the third-greatest neonatal mortality rate in the Middle East in 2021 with 14 fatalities per 1,000 live births.
Objective: To investigate factors contributing to poor outcomes in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted between 1 April to 31 September 2022 involved 632 neonates. Required data and outcomes were collected using predesigned forms.
Results: The mortality rate in NICU was 23.9%, with 64.9% of deaths occurring within the first six days. The overall mortality rate was 38.5 per 1000 live births. Deceased neonates had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight (P<0.001). Prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, and congenital anomalies contributed to 94%, 73.5%, and 20.5% of deaths respectively. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with RDS 111(56.3%; P<0.001), pulmonary hemorrhage nine (100%; P<0.001), sepsis 26 (74.3%; P<0.001), and chorioamnionitis nine (100%, P=0.002). Newborns delivered vaginally had a 4.11 times higher likelihood of poor outcomes compared to cesarean deliveries.
Conclusion: Most NICU deaths resulted from prematurity and respiratory distress syndrome. Enhancing healthcare personnel skills, standardizing protocols, and evidence-based practices for preterm and respiratory 0distress syndrome management can help reduce neonatal mortality rates in Iraq.
{"title":"Contributors to the neonate’s death in the intensive care unit","authors":"Ahmed Mustafa Kamal ,, Khalid Zuhair Naama ,, Hossam Subhi Talab","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1035","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Iraq had the third-greatest neonatal mortality rate in the Middle East in 2021 with 14 fatalities per 1,000 live births. 
 Objective: To investigate factors contributing to poor outcomes in the neonatal intensive care unit.
 Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted between 1 April to 31 September 2022 involved 632 neonates. Required data and outcomes were collected using predesigned forms.
 Results: The mortality rate in NICU was 23.9%, with 64.9% of deaths occurring within the first six days. The overall mortality rate was 38.5 per 1000 live births. Deceased neonates had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight (P<0.001). Prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, and congenital anomalies contributed to 94%, 73.5%, and 20.5% of deaths respectively. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with RDS 111(56.3%; P<0.001), pulmonary hemorrhage nine (100%; P<0.001), sepsis 26 (74.3%; P<0.001), and chorioamnionitis nine (100%, P=0.002). Newborns delivered vaginally had a 4.11 times higher likelihood of poor outcomes compared to cesarean deliveries.
 Conclusion: Most NICU deaths resulted from prematurity and respiratory distress syndrome. Enhancing healthcare personnel skills, standardizing protocols, and evidence-based practices for preterm and respiratory 0distress syndrome management can help reduce neonatal mortality rates in Iraq.
","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"62 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: End-stage renal disease is the final stage of chronic kidney disease in which irreversible deterioration in renal function occur and the body fails to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, this need regular hemodialysis (HD) a process that removes accumulated solute from a patient with near-total renal function loss. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the vascular access of choice for patients who require hemodialysis. AVF thrombosis is a major issue in hemodialysis patients, which increase their morbidity and lessen HD efficiency.
Objective: To assess plasma level of ADAMTS-13 in HD patients and its association with AVF thrombosis, and to correlate the plasma level of ADAMTS-13 with age, duration of dialysis, certain hematological parameters and estimated GFR.
Patients and Methods:This Cross_sectional study done on 60 patients with ESRD on regular HD sessions, 20 healthy persons were included as a control . The patients subdivided into two subgroups with and without AVF thrombosis. Plasma samples were freezed until the test for the level of ADAMTS-13 was done.
Results: The plasma ADAMTS-13 level was significantly lower in HD patients compared to control group (P < 0.001), and was a significantly lower in patients with a history of AVF thrombosis than HD patients without a history of AVF thrombosis. HD patients with AVF thrombosis had significantly lower eGFR compared to patients without a history of AVF thrombosis. There was a positive correlation of plasma ADAMTS-13 level with the mean of eGFR , platelet count and negative correlation with MPV.
Conclusion: Significant differences between HD patients and control regarding eGFR and hematological parameters . Plasma ADAMTS-13 level was significantly lower in patients compared to controls and significantly lower in patients group with AVF thrombosis than HD group without thrombosis.
{"title":"Plasma level of ADAMTS-13 in maintenance hemodialysis patients and its relation to arteriovenous fistula thrombosis","authors":"Saja Hammadi Fahad ,, Najiha Ahmed Ameen","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i1.1020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i1.1020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: End-stage renal disease is the final stage of chronic kidney disease in which irreversible deterioration in renal function occur and the body fails to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, this need regular hemodialysis (HD) a process that removes accumulated solute from a patient with near-total renal function loss. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the vascular access of choice for patients who require hemodialysis. AVF thrombosis is a major issue in hemodialysis patients, which increase their morbidity and lessen HD efficiency.
 Objective: To assess plasma level of ADAMTS-13 in HD patients and its association with AVF thrombosis, and to correlate the plasma level of ADAMTS-13 with age, duration of dialysis, certain hematological parameters and estimated GFR.
 Patients and Methods:This Cross_sectional study done on 60 patients with ESRD on regular HD sessions, 20 healthy persons were included as a control . The patients subdivided into two subgroups with and without AVF thrombosis. Plasma samples were freezed until the test for the level of ADAMTS-13 was done.
 Results: The plasma ADAMTS-13 level was significantly lower in HD patients compared to control group (P < 0.001), and was a significantly lower in patients with a history of AVF thrombosis than HD patients without a history of AVF thrombosis. HD patients with AVF thrombosis had significantly lower eGFR compared to patients without a history of AVF thrombosis. There was a positive correlation of plasma ADAMTS-13 level with the mean of eGFR , platelet count and negative correlation with MPV.
 Conclusion: Significant differences between HD patients and control regarding eGFR and hematological parameters . Plasma ADAMTS-13 level was significantly lower in patients compared to controls and significantly lower in patients group with AVF thrombosis than HD group without thrombosis.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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