Developmental and comparative immunology最新文献_第7页

Identification and functional analysis of C-type lectin-domain proteins in Ostrinia furnacalis 玉米螟c型凝集素结构域蛋白的鉴定与功能分析。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105501

Shuyan Li , Zhenkun Song , Mengli Tian , Anmin Zhao , Yuanshi Cai , Jiale Ping , Longcheng Xu , Yunxia Luan , Jian Hu

C-type lectins (CTLs) are a large family of proteins characterized by a conserved carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) that recognize and bind various sugar ligands. Currently, the CTLs in agricultural pest populations remain largely unexplored. In this study, 29 CTLDP (CTL-domain protein) genes were identified in the Ostrinia furnacalis, a worldwide agricultural pest, including 10 CTL-S (Single-CRD), 14 IMLs (Dual-CRD) and 5 CTL-X (CRD with other domains). The comparative and structural analysis of CRD sequences reveals that these domains exhibit similarity in sequences and tertiary and diversity in carbohydrate recognition motifs. CTL-Ss and CTL-Xs are predominantly expressed in the epidermis of O. furnacalis, whereas IMLs are primarily expressed in the fat body and hemocytes, which are key tissues involved in cellular immunity in insects. Moreover, the expression of OfIMLs in response to diverse pathogenic microorganisms varies across different time points following immune challenge. Notably, this study provides the first evidence that six OfIMLs are involved in hemocytic encapsulation against Macrocentrus cingulum larvae transplanted into naive O. furnacalis larvae. Considering the significant roles of IMLs, we further identified CTLs from 16 insect and one crustacean species using genomic data from public databases. IML was present in only 12 species, while CTL-S and CTL-X were found in all 17 species. According to the phylogenetic analysis and chromosomal distribution patterns, we hypothesize that IMLs have evolved independently within different taxonomic groups via gene duplication. These results offer insights into further exploration of CTL functions in agricultural pest insects.

c型凝集素（ctl）是一个以保守的碳水化合物识别结构域（CRD）为特征的大家族蛋白，可以识别和结合各种糖配体。目前，农业有害生物种群中的ctl仍未得到充分研究。本研究共鉴定了29个CTLDP基因，包括10个CTL-S（单域CRD）、14个iml（双域CRD）和5个CTL-X（双域CRD）。CRD序列的比较和结构分析表明，这些结构域在序列上具有相似性，在碳水化合物识别基序上具有三级结构域和多样性。CTL-Ss和CTL-Xs主要表达于黄颡鱼的表皮，而iml主要表达于脂肪体和血细胞，这是昆虫细胞免疫的关键组织。此外，在免疫攻击后不同时间点，不同病原微生物对ofiml的表达也有所不同。值得注意的是，该研究首次提供了6种ofiml参与血细胞包封的证据，以防止巨褐梭菌幼虫移植到幼稚的furnacalis幼虫中。考虑到iml的重要作用，我们利用公共数据库中的基因组数据进一步鉴定了16种昆虫和1种甲壳类动物的ctl。IML仅在12种中存在，而CTL-S和CTL-X在17种中均存在。根据系统发育分析和染色体分布模式，我们假设iml通过基因复制在不同的分类类群中独立进化。这些结果为进一步探索CTL在农业害虫中的功能提供了新的思路。

{"title":"Identification and functional analysis of C-type lectin-domain proteins in Ostrinia furnacalis","authors":"Shuyan Li , Zhenkun Song , Mengli Tian , Anmin Zhao , Yuanshi Cai , Jiale Ping , Longcheng Xu , Yunxia Luan , Jian Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C-type lectins (CTLs) are a large family of proteins characterized by a conserved carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) that recognize and bind various sugar ligands. Currently, the CTLs in agricultural pest populations remain largely unexplored. In this study, 29 CTLDP (CTL-domain protein) genes were identified in the <em>Ostrinia furnacalis</em>, a worldwide agricultural pest, including 10 CTL-S (Single-CRD), 14 IMLs (Dual-CRD) and 5 CTL-X (CRD with other domains). The comparative and structural analysis of CRD sequences reveals that these domains exhibit similarity in sequences and tertiary and diversity in carbohydrate recognition motifs. CTL-Ss and CTL-Xs are predominantly expressed in the epidermis of <em>O</em>. <em>furnacalis</em>, whereas IMLs are primarily expressed in the fat body and hemocytes, which are key tissues involved in cellular immunity in insects. Moreover, the expression of <em>Of</em>IMLs in response to diverse pathogenic microorganisms varies across different time points following immune challenge. Notably, this study provides the first evidence that six <em>Of</em>IMLs are involved in hemocytic encapsulation against <em>Macrocentrus cingulum</em> larvae transplanted into naive <em>O</em>. <em>furnacalis</em> larvae. Considering the significant roles of IMLs, we further identified CTLs from 16 insect and one crustacean species using genomic data from public databases. IML was present in only 12 species, while CTL-S and CTL-X were found in all 17 species. According to the phylogenetic analysis and chromosomal distribution patterns, we hypothesize that IMLs have evolved independently within different taxonomic groups via gene duplication. These results offer insights into further exploration of CTL functions in agricultural pest insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A chitin binding protein from the kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus involved in WSSV infection 日本袋虾壳质结合蛋白与WSSV感染的关系。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105494

Guo-yang Zhang , Yu-jie Qiu , Jia-xin Zheng , Jia-xin Yu, Jun-yi Ma, Xin-lei Wang, Wen-rui Zhao, Han-yue Ming, Rui-hao Luan, Xin-meng Pan, Ru-ke Sha, Guang-bin Sun, Wen-ying Liu, Sen Xu

The peritrophic membrane (PM) in the shrimp intestine serves as a critical physical barrier against pathogenic infections, highlighting the importance of maintaining PM integrity for resistance to White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). In this study, we identified a chitin-binding protein (CBP) from Marsupenaeus japonicus (MjCBP). qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of MjCBP was downregulated upon WSSV challenge. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of MjCBP resulted in higher 7-day cumulative mortality in M. japonicus following WSSV infection, and elevated VP28 mRNA levels were detected in hemocytes of MjCBP-knockout shrimp compared to controls. Recombinant expression and purification of the first four CBDs (rMjCBP-F4) and the first CBD (rCBD1) revealed their ability to bind to N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG). Both rMjCBP-F4 and rCBD1 reduced cumulative mortality in WSSV-infected shrimp. Moreover, VP24 was shown to bind NAG, and NAG itself could decrease the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected shrimp. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that WSSV employs VP24 to bind chitin, thereby anchoring to the PM and facilitating subsequent infection processes. In the shrimp intestine, we propose a dual protective mechanism by which MjCBP resists WSSV infection: (i) maintenance of PM integrity through chitin matrix stabilization, and (ii) competitive inhibition of VP24-chitin interactions critical for WSSV adsorption.

虾肠内的营养周膜（PM）是抵御致病性感染的重要物理屏障，强调了保持PM完整性对抵抗白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）的重要性。本研究从日本有袋aeus japonicus （MjCBP）中鉴定了一个几丁质结合蛋白（CBP）。qRT-PCR分析显示，WSSV侵染后MjCBP表达下调。RNA干扰介导的MjCBP敲除导致WSSV感染后日本对虾7天的累积死亡率升高，与对照组相比，敲除MjCBP的对虾血细胞中检测到VP28 mRNA水平升高。前四个CBD （rMjCBP-F4）和第一个CBD （rCBD1）的重组表达和纯化表明它们能够结合n -乙酰氨基葡萄糖（NAG）。rMjCBP-F4和rCBD1均可降低感染wssv的虾的累积死亡率。VP24与NAG结合，NAG本身可以降低感染wssv的对虾的累积死亡率。基于我们的研究结果，我们假设WSSV利用VP24结合几丁质，从而锚定PM并促进随后的感染过程。在虾肠中，我们提出了MjCBP抵抗WSSV感染的双重保护机制：(i)通过几丁质基质稳定维持PM完整性；（ii）竞争性抑制对WSSV吸附至关重要的vp24 -几丁质相互作用。

{"title":"A chitin binding protein from the kuruma shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus involved in WSSV infection","authors":"Guo-yang Zhang , Yu-jie Qiu , Jia-xin Zheng , Jia-xin Yu, Jun-yi Ma, Xin-lei Wang, Wen-rui Zhao, Han-yue Ming, Rui-hao Luan, Xin-meng Pan, Ru-ke Sha, Guang-bin Sun, Wen-ying Liu, Sen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The peritrophic membrane (PM) in the shrimp intestine serves as a critical physical barrier against pathogenic infections, highlighting the importance of maintaining PM integrity for resistance to White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). In this study, we identified a chitin-binding protein (CBP) from <em>Marsupenaeus japonicus</em> (MjCBP). qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of MjCBP was downregulated upon WSSV challenge. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of <em>MjCBP</em> resulted in higher 7-day cumulative mortality in <em>M. japonicus</em> following WSSV infection, and elevated <em>VP2</em>8 mRNA levels were detected in hemocytes of <em>MjCBP-</em>knockout shrimp compared to controls. Recombinant expression and purification of the first four CBDs (rMjCBP-F4) and the first CBD (rCBD1) revealed their ability to bind to N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG). Both rMjCBP-F4 and rCBD1 reduced cumulative mortality in WSSV-infected shrimp. Moreover, VP24 was shown to bind NAG, and NAG itself could decrease the cumulative mortality of WSSV-infected shrimp. Based on our findings, we hypothesize that WSSV employs VP24 to bind chitin, thereby anchoring to the PM and facilitating subsequent infection processes. In the shrimp intestine, we propose a dual protective mechanism by which <em>Mj</em>CBP resists WSSV infection: (i) maintenance of PM integrity through chitin matrix stabilization, and (ii) competitive inhibition of VP24-chitin interactions critical for WSSV adsorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145299195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screening and validation of Galectin3-interacting proteins from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) 牙鲆半乳糖凝集素3相互作用蛋白的筛选与验证。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105504

Lirong Jiang , Baoshan Guo , Yiping Lin , Qingyue Xu , Dong Zheng , Shun Zhou , Yunji Xiu

Galectins are proteins that play a crucial role in the innate immune response against pathogenic microorganisms. Galectin3, the only chimera-type galectin found in vertebrates, have been demonstrated a variety of biological activities in vitro, such as activation of cells, modulation of cell adhesion and regulation of apoptosis. In addition, galectin3 has been shown to be associated with inflammatory responses. However, it is unknown exactly how galectin3 contributes to the immunological response. In this research, to find the interacting proteins of galectin3, TMT liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (TMT LC-MS/MS), co-immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Co-IP LC-MS/MS) technologies and Co-IP Western blot (Co-IP WB) were applied. Intestinal epithelial cells of Paralichthys olivaceus (PoIEC) were transfected with pcDNA3.1-Galectin3 to obtain an overexpression plasmid and validated it by Western blot. Then we searched the proteins that may interact with galectin3 by TMT LC-MS/MS and Co-IP LC-MS/MS experiments, which suggest that cathepsin B (CTSB) and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC71) are potential interacting proteins of galectin3. Then, HSC71 was verified as an interacting protein with galectin3 by Co-IP WB. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HSC71 acts as a target protein for galectin3, helping to elucidate the mechanism of galectin3 involvement in the inflammatory response and further exploring the cellular activation of fish pathogen signaling recognition, transmission and inflammatory cascade response.

半乳糖凝集素是一种蛋白质，在对抗病原微生物的先天免疫反应中起着至关重要的作用。半乳糖凝集素3是唯一一种在脊椎动物中发现的嵌合型半乳糖凝集素，在体外已被证明具有多种生物活性，如活化细胞、调节细胞粘附和调节细胞凋亡。此外，半乳糖凝集素3已被证明与炎症反应有关。然而，目前尚不清楚半乳糖凝集素3是如何促进免疫反应的。本研究采用TMT液相色谱-串联质谱（TMT LC-MS/MS）、免疫共沉淀-液相色谱-串联质谱（Co-IP LC-MS/MS）技术和Co-IP western blot （Co-IP WB）技术寻找半乳糖凝集素3的相互作用蛋白。用pcdna3.1 - galectin - 3转染olivaceus （parichthys olivaceus）肠上皮细胞，获得过表达质粒并进行western blot验证。然后我们通过TMT LC-MS/MS和Co-IP LC-MS/MS实验寻找可能与半乳糖凝集素3相互作用的蛋白，结果表明组织蛋白酶B （CTSB）和热休克同源蛋白71kda （HSC71）是半乳糖凝集素3潜在的相互作用蛋白。然后，通过Co-IP WB验证了HSC71是与galectin - 3相互作用的蛋白。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明HSC71作为半乳糖凝集素3的靶蛋白，有助于阐明半乳糖凝集素3参与炎症反应的机制，并进一步探索鱼病原体信号识别、传递和炎症级联反应的细胞活化。

{"title":"Screening and validation of Galectin3-interacting proteins from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)","authors":"Lirong Jiang , Baoshan Guo , Yiping Lin , Qingyue Xu , Dong Zheng , Shun Zhou , Yunji Xiu","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galectins are proteins that play a crucial role in the innate immune response against pathogenic microorganisms. Galectin3, the only chimera-type galectin found in vertebrates, have been demonstrated a variety of biological activities in vitro, such as activation of cells, modulation of cell adhesion and regulation of apoptosis. In addition, galectin3 has been shown to be associated with inflammatory responses. However, it is unknown exactly how galectin3 contributes to the immunological response. In this research, to find the interacting proteins of galectin3, TMT liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (TMT LC-MS/MS), co-immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (Co-IP LC-MS/MS) technologies and Co-IP Western blot (Co-IP WB) were applied. Intestinal epithelial cells of <em>Paralichthys olivaceus</em> (PoIEC) were transfected with pcDNA3.1-Galectin3 to obtain an overexpression plasmid and validated it by Western blot. Then we searched the proteins that may interact with galectin3 by TMT LC-MS/MS and Co-IP LC-MS/MS experiments, which suggest that cathepsin B (CTSB) and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC71) are potential interacting proteins of galectin3. Then, HSC71 was verified as an interacting protein with galectin3 by Co-IP WB. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HSC71 acts as a target protein for galectin3, helping to elucidate the mechanism of galectin3 involvement in the inflammatory response and further exploring the cellular activation of fish pathogen signaling recognition, transmission and inflammatory cascade response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145387910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparative analysis of the gut microbiome and immune gene expression in two Penaeus monodon populations 两个单节对虾种群肠道微生物组和免疫基因表达的比较分析。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105514

Pacharaporn Angthong , Tanaporn Uengwetwanit , Sopacha Arayamethakorn , Panyisa Potibut , Mongkhol Phanthura , Wanilada Rungrassamee , Sage Chaiyapechara

Maintaining intestinal homeostasis is important for shrimp health in aquaculture, particularly under the constant exposure to environmental and biological stressors. While much research has focused on disease-related dysbiosis, the fundamental mechanisms of homeostasis under normal conditions remain largely uncharacterized. To address this gap, postlarval black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) from two distinct genetic lineages, domestic and imported broodstock, were reared in a shared aquaculture environment for three months to observe baseline interaction between intestinal microbiota and immune responses. Intestinal microbiota was examined using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing, and transcriptomic profiles of the intestines were analyzed using RNA sequencing. Average final weight was not significantly different (p = 0.66) between two sources. Microbiota from the intestines of shrimp from different sources showed significant differences at all sampling periods throughout the feeding trial (p < 0.05), based on PERMANOVA results. Vibrio, Colwellia, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Tenacibaculum were the dominant bacterial genera in the intestines of shrimp from both groups. Several discriminant genera between the two groups were also identified, including Pseudoalteromonas, Mesoflavibacter, Maribacter, Spongiimonas, Desulfobulbus, and uncultured JGI o_JGI 0000069-P22 (Patescibacteria group). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that while both groups expressed immune-related genes across broad functional categories like pattern recognition proteins (PRPs), proteinase and protease inhibitors (PPIs), and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), they appeared to employ different sets of individual genes or isoforms within these functional groups. These findings suggest that shrimp's immune systems during normal conditions can utilize different pathways within the same functional categories to control the intestinal microbiome. The pathways preference could be due to their genetic background and baseline microbiota. A better understanding of the unstressed host–microbiota interaction could help guide the microbiome management strategies to maintain gut homeostasis for sustainable disease control in shrimp aquaculture.

维持肠道内稳态对水产养殖中虾类的健康至关重要，特别是在持续暴露于环境和生物应激源的情况下。虽然许多研究都集中在疾病相关的生态失调上，但正常条件下体内平衡的基本机制在很大程度上仍未被描述。为了解决这一差距，研究人员在共享的养殖环境中饲养了两种不同遗传谱系的黑虎对虾（Penaeus monodon） 3个月，以观察肠道微生物群和免疫反应之间的基线相互作用。采用16S rRNA基因（V3-V4）测序检测肠道菌群，采用RNA测序分析肠道转录组谱。平均最终体重在两个来源之间无显著差异（p = 0.66）。根据PERMANOVA结果，不同来源对虾的肠道微生物群在整个饲喂试验的各个采样期均存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。两组对虾肠道内的优势菌属均为弧菌、colwelia菌、假互单胞菌、Shewanella菌和tenacacbaculum菌。两组间还发现了几个区别属，包括Pseudoalteromonas、Mesoflavibacter、Maribacter、Spongiimonas、Desulfobulbus和未培养的JGI o_JGI 0000069-P22 （Patescibacteria group）。转录组学分析显示，虽然两组在广泛的功能类别中表达免疫相关基因，如模式识别蛋白（PRPs）、蛋白酶和蛋白酶抑制剂（PPIs）和抗菌肽（amp），但它们似乎在这些功能组中使用不同的个体基因或同种异构体。这些发现表明，在正常情况下，虾的免疫系统可以利用相同功能类别中的不同途径来控制肠道微生物群。途径的偏好可能是由于他们的遗传背景和基线微生物群。更好地了解非应激宿主-微生物群相互作用有助于指导微生物群管理策略，以维持肠道稳态，实现对虾养殖的可持续疾病控制。

{"title":"A comparative analysis of the gut microbiome and immune gene expression in two Penaeus monodon populations","authors":"Pacharaporn Angthong , Tanaporn Uengwetwanit , Sopacha Arayamethakorn , Panyisa Potibut , Mongkhol Phanthura , Wanilada Rungrassamee , Sage Chaiyapechara","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining intestinal homeostasis is important for shrimp health in aquaculture, particularly under the constant exposure to environmental and biological stressors. While much research has focused on disease-related dysbiosis, the fundamental mechanisms of homeostasis under normal conditions remain largely uncharacterized. To address this gap, postlarval black tiger shrimp (<em>Penaeus monodon</em>) from two distinct genetic lineages, domestic and imported broodstock, were reared in a shared aquaculture environment for three months to observe baseline interaction between intestinal microbiota and immune responses. Intestinal microbiota was examined using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) sequencing, and transcriptomic profiles of the intestines were analyzed using RNA sequencing. Average final weight was not significantly different (<em>p</em> = 0.66) between two sources. Microbiota from the intestines of shrimp from different sources showed significant differences at all sampling periods throughout the feeding trial (<em>p</em> < 0.05), based on PERMANOVA results. <em>Vibrio, Colwellia, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Tenacibaculum</em> were the dominant bacterial genera in the intestines of shrimp from both groups. Several discriminant genera between the two groups were also identified, including <em>Pseudoalteromonas, Mesoflavibacter, Maribacter, Spongiimonas, Desulfobulbus</em>, and uncultured JGI o_JGI 0000069-P22 (Patescibacteria group). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that while both groups expressed immune-related genes across broad functional categories like pattern recognition proteins (PRPs), proteinase and protease inhibitors (PPIs), and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), they appeared to employ different sets of individual genes or isoforms within these functional groups. These findings suggest that shrimp's immune systems during normal conditions can utilize different pathways within the same functional categories to control the intestinal microbiome. The pathways preference could be due to their genetic background and baseline microbiota. A better understanding of the unstressed host–microbiota interaction could help guide the microbiome management strategies to maintain gut homeostasis for sustainable disease control in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145511874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism of viral modulation of host immunity facilitating calicivirus replication in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 转录组学分析揭示了病毒调节宿主免疫促进黄颡鱼杯状病毒复制的机制。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105503

Siyu Liu , Linyun Lin , Yue Zou , Dong Liu , Qiongyao Guo , Xin Chu , Jinyu Shen , Xiaoyi Pan

Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), an economically significant aquaculture species in East Asia, faces substantial threats from pathogens, with yellow catfish calicivirus (YcCV) being the primary causative agent of spring outbreaks leading to massive mortality and economic losses. Although the YcCV genome has been fully characterized, the immune response mechanisms of P. fulvidraco during infection remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted histopathological and transcriptomic analyses of head kidney from YcCV-infected fish at 1 and 5 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological analysis revealed severe tissue damage, including liver coagulative necrosis, splenic hemorrhage, and widespread inflammatory infiltration in the kidney and heart. Compared to controls, 142 and 3402 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 1 dpi and 5 dpi, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed these DEGs were predominantly involved in signal transduction, cellular growth, apoptosis, immune responses, and metabolic processes. Notably, significant upregulation of IL4i1 suggested its potential role in modulating host immunity to control viral replication. siRNA-mediated knockdown of IL4i1 in yellow catfish brain cells suppressed YcCV replication, as evidenced by reduced viral load and mRNA levels, indicating a proviral regulatory function of IL4i1. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into virus-host interactions, advancing our understanding of YcCV pathogenesis and informing future antiviral strategies.

黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）是东亚一种具有重要经济意义的水产养殖品种，面临着病原体的严重威胁，其中黄颡鱼舌状病毒（YcCV）是春季暴发的主要病原体，导致大量死亡和经济损失。尽管YcCV基因组已被充分表征，但黄颡鱼在感染期间的免疫反应机制仍知之甚少。在这里，我们对感染yccv的鱼在感染后1天和5天的头部肾脏进行了组织病理学和转录组学分析。组织病理学分析显示严重的组织损伤，包括肝凝固性坏死，脾出血，肾脏和心脏广泛的炎症浸润。与对照组相比，在1 dpi和5 dpi时分别鉴定出142和3402个差异表达基因（deg）。GO和KEGG富集分析显示，这些deg主要参与信号转导、细胞生长、凋亡、免疫反应和代谢过程。值得注意的是，IL4i1的显著上调表明其在调节宿主免疫以控制病毒复制中的潜在作用。sirna介导的黄颡鱼脑细胞中IL4i1的敲低抑制了YcCV的复制，这可以通过降低病毒载量和mRNA水平来证明，表明IL4i1具有前域调节功能。总的来说，这些发现为病毒-宿主相互作用提供了新的见解，促进了我们对YcCV发病机制的理解，并为未来的抗病毒策略提供了信息。

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism of viral modulation of host immunity facilitating calicivirus replication in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco","authors":"Siyu Liu , Linyun Lin , Yue Zou , Dong Liu , Qiongyao Guo , Xin Chu , Jinyu Shen , Xiaoyi Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Yellow catfish (<em>Pelteobagrus fulvidraco</em>), an economically significant aquaculture species in East Asia, faces substantial threats from pathogens, with yellow catfish calicivirus (YcCV) being the primary causative agent of spring outbreaks leading to massive mortality and economic losses. Although the YcCV genome has been fully characterized, the immune response mechanisms of <em>P. fulvidraco</em> during infection remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted histopathological and transcriptomic analyses of head kidney from YcCV-infected fish at 1 and 5 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological analysis revealed severe tissue damage, including liver coagulative necrosis, splenic hemorrhage, and widespread inflammatory infiltration in the kidney and heart. Compared to controls, 142 and 3402 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 1 dpi and 5 dpi, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed these DEGs were predominantly involved in signal transduction, cellular growth, apoptosis, immune responses, and metabolic processes. Notably, significant upregulation of <em>IL4i1</em> suggested its potential role in modulating host immunity to control viral replication. siRNA-mediated knockdown of <em>IL4i1</em> in yellow catfish brain cells suppressed YcCV replication, as evidenced by reduced viral load and mRNA levels, indicating a proviral regulatory function of <em>IL4i1</em>. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into virus-host interactions, advancing our understanding of YcCV pathogenesis and informing future antiviral strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145408435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune response and inhibitory effects of quercetin on tilapia parvovirus: an in vitro approach 槲皮素对罗非鱼细小病毒的体外免疫应答和抑制作用。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105505

Gani Taju, Allahbagash Badhusha, Seepoo Abdul Majeed, Venkatesan Rajkumar, Mohamed Jaffer Abdul Wazith, Sivaraj Mithra, Kumarasamy Kanimozhi, Azeez Sait Sahul Hameed

Significant economic losses in global tilapia farming have been attributed to tilapia parvovirus (TiPV). There is an urgent need for therapeutic drug discovery, as no effective drugs currently exist to control TiPV infection. Quercetin, a polyphenolic flavonoid found in natural products, effectively inhibits the growth of several viral pathogens. This study evaluated the ability of quercetin to inhibit TiPV replication in a tilapia heart (TH) cell line. MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxic effects of quercetin on TH cells. H₂DCF-DA was used to measure quercetin-induced ROS production in TH cells. Fluorescence microscopy revealed no mitochondrial membrane and nucleus alterations at high quercetin concentrations, as assessed by rhodamine 123 and Hoechst 33,258 staining. Immune-responsive genes (TNF-α, TLR-7, IL-8, MHC-II, IFNγ, and NF-κβ) were studied in TH cells exposed to quercetin test groups (TG1-TG6) at different intervals by RT-qPCR. At 96 h post-exposure, immune-related genes were significantly upregulated in TH cells exposed to 40 and 50 μg/mL quercetin. Quercetin's inhibitory activity against TiPV infection was assessed by morphological changes, cytopathic effects, viral titre quantification by TCID₅₀, TiPV detection by PCR, and viral load quantification by qPCR. The results showed a significant reduction in CPE, TCID₅₀, PCR bands, and viral copies in TH cells treated with higher quercetin concentrations than in non-quercetin-exposed cells. The increase in immune gene expression and decrease in CPE, TCID₅₀, PCR band intensity, and viral load were concentration- and time-dependent manner. This study confirmed the potent antiviral effects of quercetin against TiPV infection, suggesting its potential use as a control drug.

罗非鱼细小病毒（TiPV）造成了全球罗非鱼养殖的重大经济损失。由于目前还没有有效的药物来控制TiPV感染，因此迫切需要发现治疗药物。槲皮素是一种在天然产物中发现的多酚类黄酮，可有效抑制几种病毒病原体的生长。本研究评估了槲皮素在罗非鱼心脏（TH）细胞系中抑制TiPV复制的能力。采用MTT法观察槲皮素对TH细胞的细胞毒作用。H2DCF-DA用于测量槲皮素诱导TH细胞的ROS生成。荧光显微镜下，罗丹明123和赫斯特33,258染色显示，高槲皮素浓度下，线粒体膜和细胞核未发生改变。采用RT-qPCR方法，研究槲皮素试验组（TG1-TG6）不同时间间隔暴露于TH细胞的免疫应答基因TNF-α、TLR-7、IL-8、MHC-II、IFNγ和NF-κβ的表达。暴露于40和50 μg/mL槲皮素后96 h， TH细胞免疫相关基因表达显著上调。通过形态学变化、细胞病变效应、TCID50病毒滴度定量、PCR检测TiPV和qPCR检测病毒载量来评估槲皮素对TiPV感染的抑制活性。结果显示，与未暴露槲皮素的细胞相比，高浓度槲皮素处理的TH细胞的CPE、TCID50、PCR条带和病毒拷贝数显著降低。免疫基因表达的增加和CPE、TCID50、PCR条带强度和病毒载量的降低呈浓度和时间依赖性。本研究证实了槲皮素对TiPV感染的有效抗病毒作用，提示其可能作为对照药物使用。

{"title":"Immune response and inhibitory effects of quercetin on tilapia parvovirus: an in vitro approach","authors":"Gani Taju, Allahbagash Badhusha, Seepoo Abdul Majeed, Venkatesan Rajkumar, Mohamed Jaffer Abdul Wazith, Sivaraj Mithra, Kumarasamy Kanimozhi, Azeez Sait Sahul Hameed","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Significant economic losses in global tilapia farming have been attributed to tilapia parvovirus (TiPV). There is an urgent need for therapeutic drug discovery, as no effective drugs currently exist to control TiPV infection. Quercetin, a polyphenolic flavonoid found in natural products, effectively inhibits the growth of several viral pathogens. This study evaluated the ability of quercetin to inhibit TiPV replication in a tilapia heart (TH) cell line. MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxic effects of quercetin on TH cells. H<sub>2</sub>DCF-DA was used to measure quercetin-induced ROS production in TH cells. Fluorescence microscopy revealed no mitochondrial membrane and nucleus alterations at high quercetin concentrations, as assessed by rhodamine 123 and Hoechst 33,258 staining. Immune-responsive genes (<em>TNF-α, TLR-7, IL-8, MHC-II, IFNγ</em>, and <em>NF-κβ</em>) were studied in TH cells exposed to quercetin test groups (TG1-TG6) at different intervals by RT-qPCR. At 96 h post-exposure, immune-related genes were significantly upregulated in TH cells exposed to 40 and 50 μg/mL quercetin. Quercetin's inhibitory activity against TiPV infection was assessed by morphological changes, cytopathic effects, viral titre quantification by TCID<sub>50</sub>, TiPV detection by PCR, and viral load quantification by qPCR. The results showed a significant reduction in CPE, TCID<sub>50</sub>, PCR bands, and viral copies in TH cells treated with higher quercetin concentrations than in non-quercetin-exposed cells. The increase in immune gene expression and decrease in CPE, TCID<sub>50</sub>, PCR band intensity, and viral load were concentration- and time-dependent manner. This study confirmed the potent antiviral effects of quercetin against TiPV infection, suggesting its potential use as a control drug.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145387934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression and characterization of activation-induced deaminase (AID) with dehydroaminase activity and its localization in IgM+ lymphocytes of spleen of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) 鲤脾脏IgM+淋巴细胞中具有脱氢氨酶活性的激活诱导脱氨酶（AID）的表达、表征及其定位

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105489

Guangcai Wei , Jianhui Zhao , Qingyun Zuo , Manting Sun , Hua Wei , Haofeng Wang , Guiwen Yang , Eakapol Wangkahart , Lei Wang , Fumiao Zhang

Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of cytosine to uracil in DNA, driving somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) of antibody genes to promote antibody diversification in the adaptive immunity. The AID gene from Cyprinus carpio (CcAID) has a full-length open reading frame of 633 bp and encodes a protein of 210 amino acids. CcAID shares structural and functional similarities with apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) family members and contains a conserved catalytic domain characteristic of cytidine deaminases. Notably, the absence of two key phosphorylation sites in CcAID (Ser38 and Tyr184) may be a significant factor contributing to the markedly lower levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM) in teleost fish. A high level of CcAID transcript expression was detected in carp larvae on the sixth day after fertilization. Intraperitoneal injection of T-independent and T-dependent antigens preferentially upregulated CcAID expression in head kidney and splenic lymphocytes. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed its expression in IgM⁺ spleen lymphocytes. Recombinant CcAID exhibited cytidine deaminase activity. These findings indicate that CcAID is specifically expressed in IgM⁺ spleen lymphocytes, suggesting its potential role in antibody production.

激活诱导脱氨酶（Activation-induced deaminase， AID）是在适应性免疫中催化DNA胞嘧啶脱氨为尿嘧啶，驱动抗体基因的体细胞超突变（somatic hypermutation， SHM）和类开关重组（class switch recombination， CSR），促进抗体多样化的关键酶。Cyprinus carpio (CcAID) AID基因全长633 bp，编码210个氨基酸的蛋白。CcAID与载脂蛋白B mrna编辑酶、催化多肽样（APOBEC）家族成员具有结构和功能上的相似性，并且含有胞苷脱氨酶的保守催化结构域特征。值得注意的是，CcAID中两个关键磷酸化位点（Ser38和Tyr184）的缺失可能是硬骨鱼体内体细胞超突变（SHM）水平显著降低的一个重要因素。在受精后第6天的鲤鱼幼鱼中检测到CcAID转录本的高表达。腹腔注射t非依赖性和t依赖性抗原可优先上调头肾和脾淋巴细胞CcAID的表达。免疫荧光分析证实其在IgM+脾淋巴细胞中表达。重组CcAID具有胞苷脱氨酶活性。这些发现表明CcAID在IgM+脾淋巴细胞中特异性表达，提示其在抗体产生中的潜在作用。

{"title":"Expression and characterization of activation-induced deaminase (AID) with dehydroaminase activity and its localization in IgM+ lymphocytes of spleen of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"Guangcai Wei , Jianhui Zhao , Qingyun Zuo , Manting Sun , Hua Wei , Haofeng Wang , Guiwen Yang , Eakapol Wangkahart , Lei Wang , Fumiao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of cytosine to uracil in DNA, driving somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) of antibody genes to promote antibody diversification in the adaptive immunity. The AID gene from <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> (CcAID) has a full-length open reading frame of 633 bp and encodes a protein of 210 amino acids. CcAID shares structural and functional similarities with apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) family members and contains a conserved catalytic domain characteristic of cytidine deaminases. Notably, the absence of two key phosphorylation sites in CcAID (Ser38 and Tyr184) may be a significant factor contributing to the markedly lower levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM) in teleost fish. A high level of CcAID transcript expression was detected in carp larvae on the sixth day after fertilization. Intraperitoneal injection of T-independent and T-dependent antigens preferentially upregulated CcAID expression in head kidney and splenic lymphocytes. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed its expression in IgM<sup>+</sup> spleen lymphocytes. Recombinant CcAID exhibited cytidine deaminase activity. These findings indicate that CcAID is specifically expressed in IgM<sup>+</sup> spleen lymphocytes, suggesting its potential role in antibody production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A flow cytometric approach to identifying the relative abundance and functional capacities of hemocyte subsets in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.) 流式细胞术方法鉴定美洲大蠊血细胞亚群的相对丰度和功能能力。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105508

Faith J. Boyer-Millander , Aaron T. Martin , Chadwick A. Hamm , Arthur G. Appel , Elizabeth Hiltbold Schwartz

There is growing interest in insects as subjects for comparative immunological studies; however, very little has been done to quantitatively characterize insect immune cells using modern techniques such as flow cytometry, and virtually no work of this kind has been done in Periplaneta americana. Here, we use an array of general molecular probes including fluorescent lectins, lysosomal indicators, and functional assays to distinguish and characterize insect immune cells (hemocytes) based on cell markers and functions. We have utilized fluorescent tracers of lysosomal content, ROS production, and phagocytosis, as well as microscopic examination of morphology and melanization to distinguish hemocyte types based on these functions. Our findings support the use of lectins as an additional means of separating at least three populations of cockroach immune cells coupled with morphological measurements such as size and complexity. Our results indicate that many functions are enriched in the more granular hemocyte population as these are the cells that exhibit phagocytosis and melanization.

人们对昆虫作为比较免疫学研究的对象越来越感兴趣；然而，利用流式细胞术等现代技术对昆虫免疫细胞进行定量表征的工作很少，而且在美洲大蠊中几乎没有进行过此类工作。在这里，我们使用一系列一般分子探针，包括荧光凝集素，溶酶体指标和功能测定，以细胞标记和功能为基础区分和表征昆虫免疫细胞（血细胞）。我们利用了溶酶体含量、ROS产生和吞噬的荧光示踪剂，以及形态学和黑化的显微镜检查来区分基于这些功能的血细胞类型。我们的研究结果支持使用凝集素作为分离至少三个蟑螂免疫细胞群体的额外手段，再加上形态学测量，如大小和复杂性。我们的结果表明，许多功能在更颗粒的血细胞群中丰富，因为这些细胞表现出吞噬和黑化。

{"title":"A flow cytometric approach to identifying the relative abundance and functional capacities of hemocyte subsets in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.)","authors":"Faith J. Boyer-Millander , Aaron T. Martin , Chadwick A. Hamm , Arthur G. Appel , Elizabeth Hiltbold Schwartz","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is growing interest in insects as subjects for comparative immunological studies; however, very little has been done to quantitatively characterize insect immune cells using modern techniques such as flow cytometry, and virtually no work of this kind has been done in <em>Periplaneta americana</em>. Here, we use an array of general molecular probes including fluorescent lectins, lysosomal indicators, and functional assays to distinguish and characterize insect immune cells (hemocytes) based on cell markers and functions. We have utilized fluorescent tracers of lysosomal content, ROS production, and phagocytosis, as well as microscopic examination of morphology and melanization to distinguish hemocyte types based on these functions. Our findings support the use of lectins as an additional means of separating at least three populations of cockroach immune cells coupled with morphological measurements such as size and complexity. Our results indicate that many functions are enriched in the more granular hemocyte population as these are the cells that exhibit phagocytosis and melanization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SIGIRR deficiency aggravates Mycobacterium marinum induced mortality and hepatic apoptosis in zebrafish SIGIRR缺陷加重了斑马鱼海洋分枝杆菌诱导的死亡和肝细胞凋亡。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105499

Ting Yu , Haoxiang Chen , Peipei Yu , Simei Hu , Kai Luo , Weihua Gao , Hanwen Yuan , Zhang Jingchen , Yang Xuefen , Shuhuan Zhang , Qiaoqing Xu , Qingping Lian

SIGIRR is a cell membrane protein in the TIR superfamily, widely expressed in tissues and organs. It has a unique structure and acts as a negative regulator of downstream inflammatory signaling pathways. Danio rerio (zebrafish) were experimentally infected with Mycobacterium marinum to investigate the role of SIGIRR in modulating host immune responses to bacterial infection. Following intraperitoneal injection of M. marinum, SIGIRR gene-deficient zebrafish exhibited an earlier onset of mortality compared to wild type, with the first death occurring sooner and all individuals dying by the fifth week. Wild-type zebrafish began dying in week two and all died by week seven, while SIGIRR^−/− mutants died significantly faster. A zebrafish liver cell model was established, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry 24 h post-infection. Apoptosis was 16 % in wild-type cells and 25 % in SIGIRR^−/− mutant cells. The addition of SIGIRR polyclonal antibody to wild-type liver cells increased apoptosis to 18 % after M. marinum challenge. Significant differences were observed among the three groups. These results show that SIGIRR critically suppresses the inflammatory response during bacterial infection.

SIGIRR是TIR超家族中的一种细胞膜蛋白，在组织和器官中广泛表达。它具有独特的结构，并作为下游炎症信号通路的负调节因子。利用斑马鱼感染海洋分枝杆菌，研究SIGIRR在调节宿主对细菌感染的免疫应答中的作用。在腹腔注射海洋分枝杆菌后，SIGIRR基因缺陷斑马鱼与野生型相比表现出更早的死亡，第一次死亡发生得更快，所有个体在第五周死亡。野生型斑马鱼在第二周开始死亡，到第七周全部死亡，而SIGIRR-/-突变体的死亡速度要快得多。建立斑马鱼肝细胞模型，用流式细胞术检测感染24 h后的细胞凋亡情况。野生型细胞的凋亡率为16%，SIGIRR-/-突变细胞的凋亡率为25%。在野生型肝细胞中添加SIGIRR多克隆抗体，使海洋分枝杆菌攻毒后的凋亡率提高到18%。三组间差异有统计学意义。这些结果表明SIGIRR在细菌感染期间严重抑制炎症反应。

{"title":"SIGIRR deficiency aggravates Mycobacterium marinum induced mortality and hepatic apoptosis in zebrafish","authors":"Ting Yu , Haoxiang Chen , Peipei Yu , Simei Hu , Kai Luo , Weihua Gao , Hanwen Yuan , Zhang Jingchen , Yang Xuefen , Shuhuan Zhang , Qiaoqing Xu , Qingping Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SIGIRR is a cell membrane protein in the TIR superfamily, widely expressed in tissues and organs. It has a unique structure and acts as a negative regulator of downstream inflammatory signaling pathways. <em>Danio rerio</em> (zebrafish) were experimentally infected with <em>Mycobacterium marinum</em> to investigate the role of SIGIRR in modulating host immune responses to bacterial infection. Following intraperitoneal injection of <em>M. marinum</em>, SIGIRR gene-deficient zebrafish exhibited an earlier onset of mortality compared to wild type, with the first death occurring sooner and all individuals dying by the fifth week. Wild-type zebrafish began dying in week two and all died by week seven, while SIGIRR<sup>−/−</sup> mutants died significantly faster. A zebrafish liver cell model was established, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry 24 h post-infection. Apoptosis was 16 % in wild-type cells and 25 % in SIGIRR<sup>−/−</sup> mutant cells. The addition of SIGIRR polyclonal antibody to wild-type liver cells increased apoptosis to 18 % after M. marinum challenge. Significant differences were observed among the three groups. These results show that SIGIRR critically suppresses the inflammatory response during bacterial infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathological insights and molecular responses to Morganella morganii infection in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) 大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）感染摩根氏菌的病理观察和分子反应。

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Developmental and comparative immunology

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2025.105497

Wenji Huang , Xiaoming Zhang , Sijia Wan, Yanan Liu, Lan He, Ling Shao

Morganella morganii has emerged as a significant pathogen in aquaculture, yet its effects on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) remain poorly understood. We isolated a pathogenic M. morganii strain (SH6) from diseased bass, caused over 76 % mortality in challenge tests with characteristic hemorrhaging, ascites, and hepatic lesions. Histopathological analysis revealed severe granulomatous inflammation and melanomacrophage centers in infected livers. Transcriptomic profiling identified 5799 differentially expressed genes, with significant enrichment in lipid metabolism pathways (fatty acid degradation) and immune responses (TLR signaling, cytokine-cytokine interactions). Notably, immune regulators (il10, irak4, myd88) were upregulated while drug metabolism enzymes (cytochrome P450) were suppressed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated clinical potential for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin treatment, though resistance to azithromycin was observed. These findings demonstrate M. morganii's significant threat to bass aquaculture through metabolic disruption and immune function, meanwhile identifying potential treatment options.

摩根氏摩根氏菌已成为水产养殖中的重要病原体，但其对大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）的影响仍知之甚少。我们从患病鲈鱼中分离出致病性莫氏分枝杆菌菌株（SH6），在攻毒试验中导致76%以上的死亡率，伴有特征性出血、腹水和肝脏病变。组织病理学分析显示严重的肉芽肿性炎症和黑素巨噬细胞中心感染的肝脏。转录组学分析鉴定出5,799个差异表达基因，在脂质代谢途径（脂肪酸降解）和免疫反应（TLR信号，细胞因子-细胞因子相互作用）中显著富集。值得注意的是，免疫调节因子（il10, irak4, myd88）上调，而药物代谢酶（细胞色素P450）被抑制。抗生素敏感性试验显示临床应用恩诺沙星和环丙沙星治疗的潜力，但观察到对阿奇霉素的耐药。这些发现表明，莫氏分枝杆菌通过代谢破坏和免疫功能对鲈鱼养殖构成重大威胁，同时确定了潜在的治疗方案。

{"title":"Pathological insights and molecular responses to Morganella morganii infection in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Wenji Huang , Xiaoming Zhang , Sijia Wan, Yanan Liu, Lan He, Ling Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dci.2025.105497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Morganella morganii</em> has emerged as a significant pathogen in aquaculture, yet its effects on largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) remain poorly understood. We isolated a pathogenic <em>M. morganii</em> strain (SH6) from diseased bass, caused over 76 % mortality in challenge tests with characteristic hemorrhaging, ascites, and hepatic lesions. Histopathological analysis revealed severe granulomatous inflammation and melanomacrophage centers in infected livers. Transcriptomic profiling identified 5799 differentially expressed genes, with significant enrichment in lipid metabolism pathways (fatty acid degradation) and immune responses (TLR signaling, cytokine-cytokine interactions). Notably, immune regulators (<em>il10</em>, <em>irak4</em>, <em>myd88</em>) were upregulated while drug metabolism enzymes (cytochrome P450) were suppressed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated clinical potential for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin treatment, though resistance to azithromycin was observed. These findings demonstrate <em>M. morganii</em>'s significant threat to bass aquaculture through metabolic disruption and immune function, meanwhile identifying potential treatment options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11228,"journal":{"name":"Developmental and comparative immunology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0