Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-19-25
O. Eremina, V. V. Olifer
The modern data of the world scientific literature on resistance to a wide range of insecticides from different chemical groups, concerning natural populations of the most epidemiologically significant species of blood-sucking mosquitoes belonging to the three genera Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, are presented. Most studies are carried out according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization method ("bottle test"). The distribution of resistance is patchy across regions and may vary within a country. A number of genetic mutations responsible for the development of resistance have been described. Keywords: blood-sucking mosquitoes, resistance, insecticides, mosquito Vectors,
{"title":"Blood-sucking mosquitoes: some aspects of insecticide resistance","authors":"O. Eremina, V. V. Olifer","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-19-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-19-25","url":null,"abstract":"The modern data of the world scientific literature on resistance to a wide range of insecticides from different chemical groups, concerning natural populations of the most epidemiologically significant species of blood-sucking mosquitoes belonging to the three genera Aedes, Culex, Anopheles, are presented. Most studies are carried out according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization method (\"bottle test\"). The distribution of resistance is patchy across regions and may vary within a country. A number of genetic mutations responsible for the development of resistance have been described. Keywords: blood-sucking mosquitoes, resistance, insecticides, mosquito Vectors,","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84668025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-25-32
S. Roslavtseva, M. A. Alekseev
The article presents data on cholera pathogens, mechanisms and ways of its transmission, as well as on the periods of cholera outbreaks in the world and on insect vectors of this particularly dangerous infectious disease. Keywords: cholera, pathogens, insect vectors, flies, cockroaches.
{"title":"About the insect vectors of cholera in connection with the continued threats of its importation to Russia","authors":"S. Roslavtseva, M. A. Alekseev","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-25-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-25-32","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on cholera pathogens, mechanisms and ways of its transmission, as well as on the periods of cholera outbreaks in the world and on insect vectors of this particularly dangerous infectious disease. Keywords: cholera, pathogens, insect vectors, flies, cockroaches.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90539807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-5-11
G. P. Pankratova, A. O. Ivanova, M. V. Bidevkina
Hydrogen peroxide has a wide range of applications and has high antimicrobial activity, but it is a caustic substance and its effect leads to tissue damage, so controlling its content in the air is an important scientific task. In this article the peculiarities of hydrogen peroxide application for aerosol disinfection of the air are considered The special equipment intended for air disinfection, depending on its technical equipment and software, allows different modes of hydrogen peroxide application. The main focus of this work has been on studying the drop in concentration of hydrogen peroxide to a safe level. The modes of application of the units at different temperatures as well as natural and forced ventilation have been considered. Keywords: hydrogen peroxide, toxicity, inhalation, TVL, aerosol air disinfection.
{"title":"Peculiarities of aerosol disinfection with hydrogen peroxide","authors":"G. P. Pankratova, A. O. Ivanova, M. V. Bidevkina","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-3-5-11","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen peroxide has a wide range of applications and has high antimicrobial activity, but it is a caustic substance and its effect leads to tissue damage, so controlling its content in the air is an important scientific task. In this article the peculiarities of hydrogen peroxide application for aerosol disinfection of the air are considered The special equipment intended for air disinfection, depending on its technical equipment and software, allows different modes of hydrogen peroxide application. The main focus of this work has been on studying the drop in concentration of hydrogen peroxide to a safe level. The modes of application of the units at different temperatures as well as natural and forced ventilation have been considered. Keywords: hydrogen peroxide, toxicity, inhalation, TVL, aerosol air disinfection.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86529269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-11-18
A. S. Pankov, S. D. Borisov, Yu. V. Filippova
In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, one of the priority tasks is the disinfection of environmental objects in order to comply with the anti-epidemic regime. In this regard, questions arise regarding the laboratory control of the effectiveness of disinfection measures. The use of virological approaches is hardly acceptable for solving this problem, and the use of fast and affordable methods of molecular genetic analysis comes to the fore, which are certainly of signal value, but sufficient to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures. In this work, studies were carried out on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus RNA by several test systems using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method in swabs from various surfaces after they were treated with a disinfectant. The study showed that to control the decontamination of environmental objects potentially infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, test systems can be used to detect the RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in clinical samples. The greatest sensitivity is shown for PCR kits in which multichannel detection of individual RNA sites is carried out. Keywords: disinfectants, decontamination control, novel coronavirus infection COVID-19.
{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of PCR test systems for monitoring decontamination of environmental objects potentially infected with SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus","authors":"A. S. Pankov, S. D. Borisov, Yu. V. Filippova","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-11-18","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, one of the priority tasks is the disinfection of environmental objects in order to comply with the anti-epidemic regime. In this regard, questions arise regarding the laboratory control of the effectiveness of disinfection measures. The use of virological approaches is hardly acceptable for solving this problem, and the use of fast and affordable methods of molecular genetic analysis comes to the fore, which are certainly of signal value, but sufficient to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures. In this work, studies were carried out on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus RNA by several test systems using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method in swabs from various surfaces after they were treated with a disinfectant. The study showed that to control the decontamination of environmental objects potentially infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, test systems can be used to detect the RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in clinical samples. The greatest sensitivity is shown for PCR kits in which multichannel detection of individual RNA sites is carried out. Keywords: disinfectants, decontamination control, novel coronavirus infection COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76742014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-69-73
A. A. Nafeev, E. G. Simonova
In order to detect antibodies to hantaviruses – pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome selectively over 2 periods: (80-90s of the 20th century and 2006-2016), the population of 21 districts of the region and the city of Ulyanovsk was examined. Sera were examined by indirect immunofluorescence (RNIF). The obtained results indicate changes in the loymopotential of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, which is confirmed by the indicators of the immune layer and the incidence of the population in the studied territories. It has been shown that the epidemic potential of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Ulyanovsk region is determined by the nature of the landscape. The risk of infection of the population is maximum in the zone of broad-leaved forests, minimal in the agricultural (steppe) landscape. Keywords: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, immune layer, landscape.
{"title":"Immune layer of the population as an indicator of the activity of the epidemic process of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Ulyanovsk region","authors":"A. A. Nafeev, E. G. Simonova","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-69-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-69-73","url":null,"abstract":"In order to detect antibodies to hantaviruses – pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome selectively over 2 periods: (80-90s of the 20th century and 2006-2016), the population of 21 districts of the region and the city of Ulyanovsk was examined. Sera were examined by indirect immunofluorescence (RNIF). The obtained results indicate changes in the loymopotential of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, which is confirmed by the indicators of the immune layer and the incidence of the population in the studied territories. It has been shown that the epidemic potential of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Ulyanovsk region is determined by the nature of the landscape. The risk of infection of the population is maximum in the zone of broad-leaved forests, minimal in the agricultural (steppe) landscape. Keywords: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, immune layer, landscape.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74720519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-19-29
A. O. Ivanova, S. Andreev, Michail Y. Soloveyev, Konstantin A. Sacharov
This review describes nanosized particles of metals, oxides and organic substances that can act as effective disinfectants when irradiated with ultraviolet and visible light. Such an effect is due to photocatalytic action, namely the release of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress in pathogenic microflora. The review gives a description of the physical and chemical principles of such particles, the variety of their types, methods of their synthesis, and examples of their application. The data from the articles of the last few years from the leading international scientific journals are cited and promising directions for further work are outlined. Keywords: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, nanopowders, nanoparticles, photocatalysts, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antimicrobial properties, resistance, oxidative stres.
{"title":"Disinfecting effect of nanoscale photocatalysts: a brief review","authors":"A. O. Ivanova, S. Andreev, Michail Y. Soloveyev, Konstantin A. Sacharov","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-19-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-19-29","url":null,"abstract":"This review describes nanosized particles of metals, oxides and organic substances that can act as effective disinfectants when irradiated with ultraviolet and visible light. Such an effect is due to photocatalytic action, namely the release of reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress in pathogenic microflora. The review gives a description of the physical and chemical principles of such particles, the variety of their types, methods of their synthesis, and examples of their application. The data from the articles of the last few years from the leading international scientific journals are cited and promising directions for further work are outlined. Keywords: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, nanopowders, nanoparticles, photocatalysts, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antimicrobial properties, resistance, oxidative stres.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80536758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-53-61
Y. Lopatina, S. Roslavtseva, Evgeniya Aleksandrovna Cherepanova, Alina Viktorovna Chirova
The morbidity of human lice in the Russian Federation in 2016–2021 was analyzed. High intensive infection rates were registered in the Central, Northwestern and Far Eastern Federal Districts. The maximum level of pediculosis infestation of the population was noted in Moscow (88.7–96.1 % of all cases of this disease in the Central Federal District). The resistance of lice to permethrin led to a decrease in the pediculicidal activity of pediculicides based on it. The range of modern drugs effective against permethrin-resistant head and body lice and the dynamics of the ratio of pediculicides based on substances from different groups of insecticides during 1991–2021 were analyzed. Keywords: pediculosis, Pediculus humanus, resistance, pyrethroids, pediculicides.
{"title":"Informational-methodological letter \"Analysis of The morbidity of pediculosis in the Russian Federation and the use of modern pediculicides for its treatment and prevention (as of 01.01.2022)\"","authors":"Y. Lopatina, S. Roslavtseva, Evgeniya Aleksandrovna Cherepanova, Alina Viktorovna Chirova","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-53-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-53-61","url":null,"abstract":"The morbidity of human lice in the Russian Federation in 2016–2021 was analyzed. High intensive infection rates were registered in the Central, Northwestern and Far Eastern Federal Districts. The maximum level of pediculosis infestation of the population was noted in Moscow (88.7–96.1 % of all cases of this disease in the Central Federal District). The resistance of lice to permethrin led to a decrease in the pediculicidal activity of pediculicides based on it. The range of modern drugs effective against permethrin-resistant head and body lice and the dynamics of the ratio of pediculicides based on substances from different groups of insecticides during 1991–2021 were analyzed. Keywords: pediculosis, Pediculus humanus, resistance, pyrethroids, pediculicides.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86529611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-30-37
I. A. Khrapunova, N. Shestopalov
The article considers the main state and regulatory documents of sanitary and epidemiological legislation related to ISMP. The issues of updating a number of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for medical organizations, which were subsequently included in the updated sanitary and epidemiological rules currently in force, were considered. Keywords: infections associated with the provision of medical care (ISMP), biological threat, epidemiological process of ISMP, prevention of ISMP, regulatory documents on ISMP
{"title":"The role of disinfection measures in the prevention of infections associated with the provision of medical care (вased on the materials of new regulatory documents)","authors":"I. A. Khrapunova, N. Shestopalov","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-30-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-30-37","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the main state and regulatory documents of sanitary and epidemiological legislation related to ISMP. The issues of updating a number of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for medical organizations, which were subsequently included in the updated sanitary and epidemiological rules currently in force, were considered. Keywords: infections associated with the provision of medical care (ISMP), biological threat, epidemiological process of ISMP, prevention of ISMP, regulatory documents on ISMP","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79024441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-61-69
Anna G. Dragomeretskaya, O. E. Trotsenko, Nadezhda Vladimirovna Belkina, Dmitry Nikolaevich Poleshchuk, Andrey Grigorievich Kovalsky, Anastasia Vitalievna Svetasheva
Annual submissions regarding ixodic ticks suction are registered in Khabarovsk. The research presents data of entomological observations of ixodic ticks population as well as their infection rate with tick-borne infections in the Khabarovsk city and its rural zone. Circulation of six epidemiologically significant species of Ixodidae family ticks that belong to three genus were detected in natural and anthropogenically transformed biocenoses of the Khabarovsk city and its rural area: Ixodes (I. persulcatus, I. pavlovskyi), Haemaphysalis (H. japonica, H. concinna) and Dermacentor (D. silvarum, D. reticulatus). Study revealed that I. persulcatus ticks were infected as well as greater number of tick-borne infections pathogens were isolated in this tick species, which specifies their high epidemiological significance. The fact of discovery of new types of carriers necessitates studies for evaluation of their infection rate and clarification of their role as tick-borne infection vectors. Keywords: ixodic ticks, infection rate, tick-borne infections, rural zone, urban environment.
{"title":"Condition of population and infection rate of tick-borne infections carriers in the settings of urban environment and rural zone in the case of Khabarovsk city","authors":"Anna G. Dragomeretskaya, O. E. Trotsenko, Nadezhda Vladimirovna Belkina, Dmitry Nikolaevich Poleshchuk, Andrey Grigorievich Kovalsky, Anastasia Vitalievna Svetasheva","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-61-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-61-69","url":null,"abstract":"Annual submissions regarding ixodic ticks suction are registered in Khabarovsk. The research presents data of entomological observations of ixodic ticks population as well as their infection rate with tick-borne infections in the Khabarovsk city and its rural zone. Circulation of six epidemiologically significant species of Ixodidae family ticks that belong to three genus were detected in natural and anthropogenically transformed biocenoses of the Khabarovsk city and its rural area: Ixodes (I. persulcatus, I. pavlovskyi), Haemaphysalis (H. japonica, H. concinna) and Dermacentor (D. silvarum, D. reticulatus). Study revealed that I. persulcatus ticks were infected as well as greater number of tick-borne infections pathogens were isolated in this tick species, which specifies their high epidemiological significance. The fact of discovery of new types of carriers necessitates studies for evaluation of their infection rate and clarification of their role as tick-borne infection vectors. Keywords: ixodic ticks, infection rate, tick-borne infections, rural zone, urban environment.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74030823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-44-52
O. Eremina, V. V. Olifer
In a review of foreign literature, the issues of biological methods for controlling synanthropic cockroaches, including the use of entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium and Beauveria, are considered, due to high biodegradability and species-specificity, is a potential alternative to the chemical method. It has been shown that the combination of chemical and biological agents in cockroach control can slow down the emergence of insect resistance and enhance the insecticidal effect. The densonucleosis viruses BgDNV and PfDNV may be required for the biological control of cockroaches due to such features as rapid replication, high specificity, and pathogenicity for the host. In view of the close relationship between symbiotic microorganisms and host physiology, insect control strategies using transgenic symbionts have become the subject of research. Significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota between the pyrethroid-resistant and insecticide-susceptible strains of the German cockroach were found. A new potential direction for insect resistance management has been identified. Keywords: entomopathogenic fungi, German cockroach, microbiota, symbiotic microorganisms.
{"title":"New strategies for control of insecticide-resistant german cockroaches","authors":"O. Eremina, V. V. Olifer","doi":"10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-44-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35411/2076-457x-2022-2-44-52","url":null,"abstract":"In a review of foreign literature, the issues of biological methods for controlling synanthropic cockroaches, including the use of entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium and Beauveria, are considered, due to high biodegradability and species-specificity, is a potential alternative to the chemical method. It has been shown that the combination of chemical and biological agents in cockroach control can slow down the emergence of insect resistance and enhance the insecticidal effect. The densonucleosis viruses BgDNV and PfDNV may be required for the biological control of cockroaches due to such features as rapid replication, high specificity, and pathogenicity for the host. In view of the close relationship between symbiotic microorganisms and host physiology, insect control strategies using transgenic symbionts have become the subject of research. Significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota between the pyrethroid-resistant and insecticide-susceptible strains of the German cockroach were found. A new potential direction for insect resistance management has been identified. Keywords: entomopathogenic fungi, German cockroach, microbiota, symbiotic microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":11317,"journal":{"name":"Disinfection affairs","volume":"184 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86727386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：