Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

英文中文

Phenotypic diversity of Bordetella pertussis against Trimethoprim/Sulphamethoxazole in vitro tests 百日咳杆菌对三甲双胍/磺胺甲噁唑体外试验的表型多样性。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116597

Yahong Hu , Xinyi Zhai , Lin Yuan , Qianqian Du , Kaihu Yao

Background

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ), traditionally a second-line drug, is now proposed as the primary alternative treatment for macrolide-resistant Bordetella pertussis (B.pertussis). Thus, there is an urgent need to evaluate the phenotypic profile of B. pertussis regarding susceptibility to TMP/SMZ.

Methods

Kirby-Bauer (KB) disk diffusion methods and E-test strips were employed to assess the in vitro susceptibility profiles of 128 B. pertussis strains isolated in China between 2017 and 2022 against TMP/SMZ. Additionally, whole genome sequencing was performed on one strain exhibiting a heterogeneous phenotype.

Results

B. pertussis displayed three phenotypes to TMP/SMZ based on the first 10 days of culture: a predominant fuzzy-bordered phenotype (118/128, 92.2 %), a minority with a clear-bordered phenotype (8/128, 6.3 %), and a sporadic heterogeneous phenotype (2/128, 1.6 %) where TMP/SMZ heterozygous colonies emerged on the 9th day of incubation. The diameter of the inhibition zone around the paper disk will decrease as the culture time extends, while the MIC value will change in the opposite direction. Almost in all tests, the bacterial colony will cover the entire inhibitory zone after 10-14 days of incubation. Strains exhibiting heterogeneity were compared with the complete genomes of Tohama I and CS strains, and 191 and 179 point mutation sites were identified, respectively, with multiple variants associated with the expression of transcriptional regulators.

Conclusion

This study highlights the diverse drug sensitivity phenotypes of B. pertussis to TMP/SMZ and the importance of uniform testing protocols. Continuous and dynamic monitoring of B. pertussis isolates for TMP/SMZ sensitivity, along with investigating its correlation with epidemiological changes, is essential for establishing a scientific foundation for the effective management and control of pertussis.

背景：三甲双胍/磺胺甲噁唑（TMP/SMZ）传统上是二线药物，现在被建议作为治疗耐大环内酯类药物百日咳杆菌（B.pertussis）的主要替代药物。因此，迫切需要评估百日咳杆菌对 TMP/SMZ 的表型特征：方法：采用柯比鲍尔（KB）盘扩散法和E-测试条评估2017年至2022年期间在中国分离的128株百日咳杆菌对TMP/SMZ的体外药敏谱。此外，还对一株表现出异质性表型的菌株进行了全基因组测序：根据前10天的培养结果，百日咳杆菌对TMP/SMZ表现出三种表型：主要为模糊边界表型（118/128，92.2%），少数为清晰边界表型（8/128，6.3%），以及零星的异质性表型（2/128，1.6%），其中TMP/SMZ杂合菌落在培养第9天出现。随着培养时间的延长，纸盘周围抑菌区的直径会减小，而 MIC 值则会反向变化。几乎在所有试验中，细菌菌落都会在培养 10-14 天后覆盖整个抑菌区。将表现出异质性的菌株与 Tohama I 株和 CS 株的完整基因组进行比较，分别发现了 191 个和 179 个点突变位点，其中多个变异与转录调节因子的表达有关：本研究强调了百日咳杆菌对 TMP/SMZ 药物敏感性表型的多样性以及统一检测方案的重要性。持续、动态地监测百日咳杆菌分离株对 TMP/SMZ 的敏感性，并研究其与流行病学变化的相关性，对于建立有效管理和控制百日咳的科学基础至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

A study of clinical and bacteriological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Birjand, South-East Iran: Hypervirulent phenotype, biofilm formation, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance 伊朗东南部比尔詹德肺炎克雷伯氏菌分离物的临床和细菌学特征研究：高病毒表型、生物膜形成、毒力因子和抗生素耐药性。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116595

Ebrahim Shafaie , Mohammad Hosein Mahdizadeh , Masoumeh Amirian , Parvin Askari , Masoud Yousefi

This study assessed antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation, hypervirulence traits, and virulence-related genes in K. pneumoniae. 119 isolates underwent antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer method, biofilm assessment through Congo red agar and Microtiter plate assays, PCR for various genes, and the String test for hypermucoviscosity. Clinical characteristics and virulence factors of hypervirulent (hvKP) were compared to classic K. pneumoniae (cKP) strains. Among the isolates, 77.3% were multi-drug resistant (MDR), and 83.2% showed biofilm-forming ability, with a higher MDR incidence in biofilm producers. A significant correlation was found between biofilm formation and the presence of the bla_CTX-M15 gene. Genes luxS, mrkA, pgaA, and wzm were significantly related to biofilm production. Three K. pneumoniae (2.5%) were identified as hvKP, with higher prevalence of capsular serotypes K1/K2 and virulence-related genes iuc, rmpA, and rmpA2 than cKP. The study underscores the importance of surveillance and stewardship in combating MDR, biofilm-forming, highly virulent K. pneumoniae.

本研究对肺炎克雷伯菌的抗菌药敏感性、生物膜形成、高病毒性特征和毒力相关基因进行了评估。对 119 个分离株采用柯比鲍尔法进行了抗生素敏感性检测，通过刚果红琼脂和微孔板检测法进行了生物膜评估，对各种基因进行了 PCR 检测，并对高黏滞性进行了 String 检测。将高病毒性（hvKP）菌株的临床特征和毒力因素与传统肺炎克氏菌（cKP）菌株进行了比较。在分离出的菌株中，77.3%具有多重耐药性（MDR），83.2%具有生物膜形成能力，生物膜产生者的MDR发生率更高。研究发现，生物膜的形成与 blaCTX-M15 基因的存在有明显的相关性。基因luxS、mrkA、pgaA和wzm与生物膜的形成有显著相关性。与 cKP 相比，有三种肺炎克氏菌（2.5%）被鉴定为 hvKP，其菌盖血清型 K1/K2 和毒力相关基因 iuc、rmpA 和 rmpA2 的流行率更高。这项研究强调了监测和管理在抗击 MDR、生物膜形成型高致病性肺炎克菌中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Coxiella burnetii caused lumbar infection: A case report and literature review 烧伤蜱引起的腰椎感染：病例报告与文献综述

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116594

Juan Chen , Qingqing Bi , Xiaofeng Mu , Weiwei Wu , Qiuyuan Liu , Qingming Guo , Qian Xin , Ziyun Zhao

Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii)is a significant microbe linked to the zoonotic disease Q fever, known for its atypical clinical manifestations and sporadic cases. It can cause lumbar infections. In this report, we present a 66-year-old male sheep farmer who experienced low back pain for five months, with worsening numbness in both lower limbs over two months. Several standard diagnostic tests were negative. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was performed on lumbar spine tissue obtained via biopsy, identifying C. burnetii infection. After surgical excision of the lesion, the patient received a combination of levofloxacin, doxycycline, rifampicin, and supportive medications. Postoperatively, the patient's condition stabilized, showing a significant reduction in low back pain. This case highlights mNGS as a valuable tool for diagnosing rare infections, especially in patients with a history of animal exposure. It underscores the importance of considering zoonotic infections and the need for combined antibiotic and surgical management in suspected cases.

烧伤柯西氏菌（C. burnetii）是一种与人畜共患疾病 Q 热有关的重要微生物，以其不典型的临床表现和散发性病例而闻名。它可引起腰部感染。在本报告中，我们介绍了一名 66 岁的男性牧羊人，他腰痛了五个月，两个月后双下肢麻木症状加重。几项标准诊断测试均呈阴性。对活检获得的腰椎组织进行了元基因组下一代测序（mNGS），确定了烧伤桿菌感染。手术切除病灶后，患者接受了左氧氟沙星、强力霉素、利福平和支持性药物的联合治疗。术后，患者的病情趋于稳定，腰痛明显减轻。本病例强调了 mNGS 是诊断罕见感染的重要工具，尤其是对有动物接触史的患者。它强调了考虑人畜共患病感染的重要性，以及对疑似病例进行联合抗生素和手术治疗的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Unlocking the potential of dried blood spot sampling for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection: A pathway to efficient pandemic surveillance 挖掘干血斑采样在检测 SARS-CoV-2 抗体方面的潜力：实现高效大流行监测的途径。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116581

Ahmad M. Alharbi

Summary

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has exerted unprecedented pressure on global healthcare systems, with an urgent demand for widespread testing to monitor virus spread and contribute to disease control.

Aim

This study aimed to validate the use of Dried Blood Spot (DBS) sampling for analyzing the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, employing an accessible enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting IgG antibodies.

Methodology

Traditional venous blood sampling presents several challenges, including discomfort to patients, risk of healthcare provider exposure, and the need for specialized equipment, which can limit mass testing capabilities. Our research involved the comparison of DBS and venous blood samples from 170 individuals, all of whom had PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, to assess the efficacy of DBS for seroprevalence studies and vaccine response evaluation.

Results

Our results confirmed that DBS sampling could detect SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies with 100 % accuracy, showcasing perfect agreement (Cohen's k value of 1.00) between DBS and venous serum samples in detecting the viral antibodies. However, the analysis indicated no significant correlation between the antibody levels in the two sampling methods.

Conclusion

These results suggest that DBS is a viable, rapid alternative for serological studies, offering a solution to current testing limitations and enhancing our public health approach to combating future pandemics.

当前的 SARS-CoV-2 大流行给全球医疗保健系统带来了前所未有的压力，迫切需要进行广泛的检测，以监测病毒传播并促进疾病控制：方法：传统的静脉采血方法面临着一些挑战，包括患者不适、医护人员暴露的风险，以及需要专用设备，这可能会限制大规模检测能力。我们的研究比较了 DBS 和静脉血样本，这些样本来自 170 人，均为 PCR 确认的 SARS-CoV-2 感染者，以评估 DBS 在血清流行率研究和疫苗反应评估中的有效性：结果：我们的研究结果证实，DBS 抽样检测 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 抗体的准确率为 100%，DBS 和静脉血清样本在检测病毒抗体方面完全一致（Cohen's k 值为 1.00）。然而，分析表明两种采样方法的抗体水平之间没有明显的相关性：这些结果表明，DBS 是血清学研究的一种可行、快速的替代方法，为解决当前检测的局限性提供了一种解决方案，并增强了我们应对未来流行病的公共卫生方法。

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引用次数: 0

A multivariable model of clinical features for distinguishing sporotrichosis and Mycobacterium marinum cutaneous infection 用于区分孢子丝菌病和海洋分枝杆菌皮肤感染的临床特征多变量模型。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116590

Qi-Hao Yao , Xiu-Jiao Xia , Xing-Chen Meng , Hui-Lin Zhi , Yuan Xu , Li-Yu Ge , Ze-Hu Liu

To investigate differences in the clinical features of patients with sporotrichosis and cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection, and develop a prediction model for the initial identification. A total of 121 patients were selected based on the results from etiological culture. Logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the most valuable variables. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the following were finally considered independent predictors (OR = 3.650∼14.024, P<0.05) of cutaneous M. marinum infection: age<60 years (P = 0.031); female (P = 0.001); only the extremities involved (P = 0.031); clear triggers (P = 0.022); and presence of swelling (P = 0.024). A nomogram was developed based on these factors, and the area under the curve was 0.860. The model presented is based on clinical features and can help identify patients with sporotrichosis and cutaneous M. marinum infection. This may help increase the accuracy of doctors’ initial examination and diagnostic outcomes.

研究孢子丝菌病和皮肤分枝杆菌感染患者临床特征的差异，并建立初步识别的预测模型。根据病原学培养结果，共筛选出 121 例患者。采用逻辑回归分析来确定最有价值的变量。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，以下因素最终被认为是独立的预测因素（OR = 3.650∼14.024，P

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the filmarray blood culture identification panel on diagnosis of bacteremias in an MDRO-endemic hospital environment 在 MDRO 流行的医院环境中评估胶片阵列血液培养鉴定板对菌血症诊断的作用

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116592

Eirini Keskilidou , Georgios Meletis , Olga Vasilaki , Georgia Kagkalou , Paraskevi Mantzana , Melania Kachrimanidou , Efthymia Protonotariou , Lemonia Skoura

The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the BCID2 FilmArray panel in relation to blood culture. 162 positive blood cultures were subjected to both classical microbiology methods and the FilmArray nested multiplex PCR. The BCID2 panel showed 96.7% sensitivity, 99% specificity and 99% accuracy.

这项研究的目的是评估 BCID2 FilmArray 面板与血液培养的相关性能。对 162 份阳性血培养物进行了传统微生物学方法和 FilmArray 嵌套多重 PCR 检测。BCID2 检测板的灵敏度为 96.7%，特异度为 99%，准确度为 99%。

引用次数: 0

Bacteremia caused by Fusobacterium gonidiaformans in a puerperal patient. A case report an a literature review 产褥期患者中由淋病镰刀菌引起的菌血症。病例报告和文献综述。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116591

Fernando Cobo, Virginia Pérez-Carrasco, Mª Carmen Ortega-Gavilán, José Antonio García-Salcedo, Jose María Navarro-Marí

Fusobacterium gonidiaformans is an anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus rarely reported as a cause of human infection. We recently dealt with a woman with fever in whom this pathogen was isolated in pure culture in blood cultures in pure culture. We have also searched the literature for all cases of this disease.

淋病镰刀菌是一种厌氧革兰阴性杆菌，很少有报道称它会引起人类感染。我们最近接诊了一名发烧的妇女，在她的血液培养物中分离到了这种病原体。我们还在文献中搜索了所有关于这种疾病的病例。

引用次数: 0

A molecular detection method for HBV pgRNA without RNA extraction based on nucleic acid hybridization 基于核酸杂交的无需提取 RNA 的 HBV pgRNA 分子检测方法

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116582

Xiao Hao , Min Yuan , Yanmei Li , Ruirui Li , Xuejing Li , Meixue Yao

Background

Early diagnosis is critical for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Here, we utilized a sandwich RNA hybridization assay to directly detect HBV pgRNA, thereby avoiding the need for RNA extraction and purification.

Methods

We designed a hybridization cascade reaction on a solid surface using a set of oligonucleotide probes that target several highly conserved regions in pgRNA. The detection performance was validated by concurrently testing serum samples from CHB patients and healthy individuals.

Results

The optimal detection conditions were: a universal probe coating concentration of 0.003 µg/µl with a coating duration of 2 h; capture probe and detection probe concentrations of 0.1 nM; a hybridization capture duration of 4 h; and an antibody incubation duration of 60 minutes. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated to be 91.47 % and 90.63 %, respectively.

Conclusion

This novel detection method is both simple and high-throughput, making it particularly suitable for active CHB infection screening

背景对于慢性乙型肝炎患者来说，早期诊断至关重要。在这里，我们利用夹心 RNA 杂交检测法直接检测 HBV pgRNA，从而避免了提取和纯化 RNA 的需要。结果最佳检测条件为：通用探针涂布浓度为 0.003 µg/µl，涂布持续时间为 2 小时；捕获探针和检测探针浓度为 0.1 nM；杂交捕获持续时间为 4 小时；抗体孵育持续时间为 60 分钟。计算得出的灵敏度和特异性分别为 91.47 % 和 90.63 %。

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引用次数: 0

A case of tuberculous and Listeria-associated lymphadenitis in a migrant from Mexico 一例来自墨西哥的移民患结核性和李斯特菌相关淋巴结炎的病例。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116583

Flavio Sangiorgi , Eugenia Magrini , Gabriele Maria Leanza , Francesca Catania , Andrea Carbone , Angella Raffaella Losito , Giuseppe Maiuro , Giulia Menchinelli , Ivana Palucci , Rosalia Graffeo , Carlo Torti , Francesco Taccari

Tuberculous lymphadenitis is one of the most common extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. Lymphadenitis due to Listeria monocytogenes is rarely described. We present a case of a 59-year-old woman from Mexico presented to the Emergency Department with a 2-week history of erythematous and painful swelling in the right retromandibular area. An ultrasound-guided bedside needle aspiration of the lump was performed by an infectious diseases specialist and a diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes and tuberculous coinfection was done. To our knowledge this is the first case of tuberculous and Listeria-associated lymphadenitis.

结核性淋巴结炎是结核病最常见的肺外表现之一。李斯特菌引起的淋巴结炎很少见。我们介绍了一例来自墨西哥的 59 岁女性病例，她因右侧下颌后缩区红肿、疼痛两周而到急诊科就诊。传染病专家在超声波引导下对肿块进行了床旁针吸，诊断为李斯特菌和结核合并感染。据我们所知，这是首例结核性和李斯特菌相关性淋巴结炎病例。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of usage of readily accessible Enterobacteriaceae differential and selective media for identifying Candida auris 评估使用易于获取的肠杆菌科鉴别培养基和选择性培养基鉴定白色念珠菌的情况。

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116589

Hossein Khodadadi , Esmaeil Eghtedarnejad , Amirhossein Ahmadi , Ali Khodadadi , Neda Shamsdin

Background

Candida auris is a drug-resistant fungal pathogen. Diagnosing it is challenging due to the need for modern techniques. This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of Enterobacteriaceae culture media in screening and identifying Candida auris, as those media are accessible in resource-limited laboratories.

Method

The study used various yeast strains, including Candida auris, to challenge bacteriologic media and evaluated the effectiveness of different Enterobacteriaceae differential and selective media in identifying and differentiating Candida auris from other yeasts.

Results

All yeasts can grow on all Enterobacteriaceae differential and selective media during various incubation times, resulting in variable colony sizes. Simon's Citrate Agar medium can differentiate Candida auris and other members of C. haemulonii complex from other yeasts.

Conclusion

Although definitive identification of Candida auris is challenging and requires specific methods, Citrate Agar could be a preliminary screening method in source-limited regions.

背景：白色念珠菌是一种耐药性真菌病原体。由于需要现代技术，对其进行诊断具有挑战性。本研究旨在评估肠杆菌科培养基在筛选和鉴定念珠菌方面的作用，因为资源有限的实验室可以使用这些培养基：方法：本研究使用包括白色念珠菌在内的各种酵母菌株挑战细菌培养基，并评估不同的肠杆菌科鉴别培养基和选择性培养基在鉴定和区分白色念珠菌与其他酵母菌方面的有效性：结果：在不同的培养时间内，所有酵母菌都能在所有的肠杆菌科鉴别培养基和选择性培养基上生长，从而产生不同大小的菌落。西蒙柠檬酸盐琼脂培养基可将白色念珠菌和血色念珠菌复合体的其他成员与其他酵母菌区分开来：结论：尽管明确鉴定白色念珠菌具有挑战性，需要特定的方法，但柠檬酸盐琼脂可以作为来源有限地区的初步筛选方法。

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引用次数: 0

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