Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献_第4页

Neural network-enabled MALDI-TOF MS for rapid clinical identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 神经网络MALDI-TOF质谱快速临床鉴定耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117250

Hengfang Shi , Haiyong Wang , Huiling Cao , Junyao Sha , Xiaofei Zhu

Objective

To investigate the feasibility of utilizing neural network algorithm to analyze parameters from matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methods

Strain identification was performed using MALDI-TOF MS, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted with the VITEK 2 Compact AST-GP639 card. Mass spectrometry parameters were collected from 41 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different patients and anatomical sites, including 20 MRSA and 21 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates. Twenty characteristic mass spectral features were screened using LASSO regression analysis. A neural network model was established using these 20 mass spectrometry parameters to rapidly discriminate MRSA.

Results

LASSO identified 20 discriminatory m/z features, with individual AUCs ranging from 0.825 to 0.982. The ANN model, evaluated by leave-one-out cross-validation, achieved an overall accuracy of 97.56%, with 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Compared to single characteristic mass spectral features, the discrimination efficiency of the ANN model was significantly improved, while demonstrating high consistency with classical methods. In addition, SHapley Additive explanations analysis revealed that characteristic features e.g. m/z 147.7004 and 39,767.2735 played major roles in model predictions.

Conclusion

The neural network model based on MALDI-TOF MS parameters enables accurate discrimination between MRSA and MSSA. This approach offers rapid identification and cost-effectiveness, providing a novel strategy for clinical differentiation of MRSA and MSSA.

目的探讨利用神经网络算法分析基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）参数用于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）快速鉴定的可行性。方法采用MALDI-TOF质谱法进行菌株鉴定，并用VITEK 2 Compact AST-GP639卡进行药敏试验。从不同患者和解剖部位分离的41株金黄色葡萄球菌进行质谱分析，其中20株为MRSA， 21株为MSSA。采用LASSO回归分析筛选出20个特征质谱特征。利用这20个质谱参数建立神经网络模型，快速鉴别MRSA。结果lasso鉴定出20个m/z特征，auc范围为0.825 ~ 0.982。人工神经网络模型经留一交叉验证，总体准确率为97.56%，灵敏度为95%，特异性为100%。与单特征质谱特征相比，人工神经网络模型的识别效率显著提高，同时与经典方法具有较高的一致性。此外，SHapley Additive解释分析显示m/z 147.7004和39,767.2735等特征特征在模型预测中起主要作用。结论基于MALDI-TOF质谱参数的神经网络模型能够准确区分MRSA和MSSA。该方法具有快速识别和成本效益，为MRSA和MSSA的临床鉴别提供了一种新的策略。

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引用次数: 0

The first reported case of combined occlusion of branch retinal artery and vein secondary to disseminated mycobacterium kansasii infection 播散性堪萨斯分枝杆菌感染并发视网膜分支动静脉联合闭塞的首例报道

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117225

Yanhua Luo , Binwu Lin , Baohua Luo , Lin Qin , Long Pang

Background

Combined occlusion of branch retinal artery and vein in young patient is rare and indicates a high risk of underlying systemic disease. Retinal arteriovenous occlusion secondary to Mycobacterium kansasii (M. kansasii) infection has never been reported.

Case presentation

A 37-year-old woman, previously healthy and with nothing remarkable in her family history, presented to the ophthalmology clinic due to a 1-week history of blurred vision and inferior shadow of her right eye. She had been experiencing coughing with phlegm for one month prior to the eye symptoms. Upon examination, it was found that she had a simultaneous occlusion of branch retinal artery and branch retinal vein. Laboratory investigations revealed significant inflammation and hypercoagulability. Computed tomography revealed abnormally intense metabolic activity affecting the lungs, mediastinum, spleen, nasopharynx, neck, and bones. After three months, M. kansasii was identified through DNA sequencing of pathological tissue sections, leading to a diagnosis of disseminated M. kansasii infection. Although the medications (Rifampin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Clarithromycin) were administered according to standardized diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines as soon as the diagnosis was made, the patient was unable to complete the full course of medications due to her inability to tolerate the side effects of the medications. The patient's condition eventually worsened and resulted in death.

Conclusions

This is the first case of M. kansasii-associated hypercoagulability resulting in retinal arteriovenous occlusion. Disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii (DMK) infection is a rare but serious disease that can affect multiple organ systems. Rare retinal arteriovenous occlusion in young patients is often indicative of systemic disease and requires thorough evaluation to avoid misdiagnosis.

背景：年轻患者视网膜分支动脉和静脉合并闭塞是罕见的，表明有潜在全身性疾病的高风险。继发于堪萨斯分枝杆菌（m.k ansasii）感染的视网膜动静脉闭塞从未报道。病例介绍：一名37岁女性，既往健康，家族史无异常，因视力模糊和右眼阴影下移1周就诊于眼科诊所。在出现眼部症状前，她一直咳嗽并有痰一个月。经检查，发现她同时有视网膜分支动脉和视网膜分支静脉闭塞。实验室检查显示明显的炎症和高凝性。计算机断层扫描显示异常强烈的代谢活动影响肺、纵隔、脾脏、鼻咽、颈部和骨骼。3个月后，通过病理组织切片的DNA测序鉴定出堪萨斯分枝杆菌，从而诊断为播散性堪萨斯分枝杆菌感染。尽管在确诊后立即按照标准化的诊断和治疗指南给药（利福平、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇、克拉霉素），但由于患者无法忍受药物的副作用，无法完成整个疗程的治疗。病人的病情最终恶化并导致死亡。结论这是首例由关西分枝杆菌引起的高凝导致视网膜动静脉闭塞的病例。播散性堪萨斯分枝杆菌（DMK）感染是一种罕见但严重的疾病，可影响多个器官系统。年轻患者罕见的视网膜动静脉闭塞通常是全身性疾病的指示，需要彻底的评估以避免误诊。

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引用次数: 0

All spinal infections are not always tuberculosis: A rare case of brucella spondylodiscitis in South India 所有的脊柱感染并不总是肺结核：一例罕见的布氏杆菌脊柱椎间盘炎在印度南部。

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117262

Venkat Narayana Goutham Valapala , Prasanth Bylapudi , Lakshmi Vasantha Poluri , Mrudula Vandana , Supriya Panda , Pavani Dedeepya Singampalli , Uday Kumar Yerramsetty , Vijayalakshmi Payala

A 49-year-old male presented with persistent fever for 20 days, accompanied by chills, headache, and vomiting. Medical history included congenital hearing impairment and speech difficulty, limiting communication; hence, the history was obtained from his wife. On examination, he was irritable, alert, and had neck stiffness without motor or sensory deficits. Cervical spine tenderness prompted a magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine, which demonstrated infective spondylodiscitis involving C6–C7. Given the endemic setting, multiple contiguous vertebral involvement, and occupational exposure as a butcher handling unvaccinated goats, differential diagnoses included tuberculous spondylitis and brucellosis. Blood cultures were performed from two sites; the second sample grew Brucella melitensis, identified using the VITEK 2 Compact system after incubation in the BACT/ALERT 3D system and subculture on blood agar. Treatment consisted of gentamicin, doxycycline, and rifampin. The patient became afebrile within 48 h and remained stable. He was discharged with instructions to complete the oral regimen, consisting of doxycycline and rifampin, and to wear a hard cervical collar.

49岁男性，持续发热20天，伴有寒战、头痛和呕吐。病史包括先天性听力障碍和语言障碍，限制交流；因此，这段历史是从他的妻子那里得到的。检查时，他易怒，警觉，颈部僵硬，无运动或感觉缺陷。颈椎压痛提示颈椎磁共振成像，显示感染性脊柱炎累及C6-C7。考虑到该病的流行环境、多处连续椎体受损伤以及作为屠宰未接种疫苗山羊的屠夫的职业暴露，鉴别诊断包括结核性脊柱炎和布鲁氏菌病。从两个部位进行血培养；在BACT/ALERT 3D系统中孵育并在血琼脂上传代后，使用VITEK 2 Compact系统鉴定出布鲁氏菌。治疗包括庆大霉素、强力霉素和利福平。患者在48小时内开始发热并保持稳定。出院时指示他完成口服治疗方案，包括强力霉素和利福平，并戴硬颈套。

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引用次数: 0

Eighteen-year laboratory-based surveillance of human coronavirus OC43 in a single tertiary hospital in the Republic of Korea: Temporal inflection, seasonal stability, and age-dependent risk 韩国一家三级医院对人冠状病毒OC43的18年实验室监测：时间变异、季节性稳定性和年龄依赖性风险

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117274

Mi-Ru Oh , Ga-Yeon Kim , Jeong Su Han , Jae Kyung Kim

Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), a member of the betacoronavirus genus, is a seasonally circulating respiratory virus that persists globally; however, long-term laboratory-based surveillance data remain limited. We analyzed multiplex real-time PCR test results collected at Dankook University Hospital between 2007 and 2024 to comprehensively evaluate long-term annual trends, seasonal structure, and age-specific detection patterns of HCoV-OC43.

Based on nasopharyngeal swab specimens, the annual positivity rate of HCoV-OC43 ranged from 0.16% to 3.05%. A marked suppression in detection was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2021) compared with the pre-pandemic years. This was followed by a partial recovery in 2022–2023; however, detection declined again in 2024 without fully returning to pre-pandemic levels. Seasonal analysis demonstrated a consistent winter predominance throughout the study, with the highest positivity observed in winter (4.44%) and the lowest in summer (1.16%), despite interannual variability. Age-specific analysis revealed highest positivity rates in early childhood 1–4 years (3.12%) and among infants aged 0 years (2.71%), followed by a progressive decline in detection across school-age children, adolescents, adults, and older adults, indicating a clear age-dependent distribution. These findings provide laboratory-based evidence characterizing the temporal, seasonal, and age-related detection patterns of HCoV-OC43 using long-term diagnostic data from a single institution. This information may serve as a reference for interpreting routine respiratory virus testing results and understanding seasonal diagnostic demand and surveillance strategies in clinical practice.

人类冠状病毒OC43 （HCoV-OC43）是冠状病毒属的成员，是一种季节性传播的呼吸道病毒，在全球持续存在；然而，基于实验室的长期监测数据仍然有限。我们分析了2007年至2024年在檀国大学医院收集的多重实时PCR检测结果，以综合评估HCoV-OC43的长期年度趋势、季节性结构和年龄特异性检测模式。基于鼻咽拭子标本，HCoV-OC43年阳性率为0.16% ~ 3.05%。与大流行前相比，在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间（2020-2021年），检测数量明显下降。随后在2022-2023年出现部分复苏；然而，检出率在2024年再次下降，没有完全恢复到大流行前的水平。季节分析表明，尽管存在年际差异，但冬季的阳性率最高（4.44%），夏季的阳性率最低（1.16%）。年龄特异性分析显示，1-4岁幼儿（3.12%）和0岁婴儿（2.71%）的阳性率最高，其次是学龄儿童、青少年、成年人和老年人的阳性率逐渐下降，表明明显的年龄依赖性分布。这些发现提供了基于实验室的证据，利用来自单一机构的长期诊断数据，表征了HCoV-OC43的时间、季节和年龄相关检测模式。这些信息可作为解释常规呼吸道病毒检测结果和了解临床实践中的季节性诊断需求和监测策略的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of KI polyomavirus and WU polyomavirus in respiratory tract samples from children under five 5岁以下儿童呼吸道KI多瘤病毒和WU多瘤病毒的分子检测及系统发育分析

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117272

Hanife Tutan , Yeşim Tok , Mert Ahmet Kuşkucu

Background and Aim

We aimed to investigate the frequency of KI and WU polyomavirus in respiratory tract samples, the affected groups by these viruses and their clinical characteristics. Although the viruses had been discovered in 2007, their pathogenicity and virulence have not been fully elucidated yet.

Methods

We examined 182 nasopharyngeal aspirate/swab samples obtained pediatric patients younger than five years and sent to our laboratory between 2016 and 2019. The viruses were investigated by nested-polymerase chain reaction using primers targeting partial VP1 gene regions. The positive samples were sequenced using Sanger method for verification and compare the genetic distances between partially amplified gene regions.

Results

KIPyV was detected in seven (3.8%) of 182 samples and WUPyV in two (1.1%). Except one KIPyV positive patient, all positive samples belonged to patients <2 years of age. All positive patients were coinfected mainly by rhinovirus and parainfluenza virus 3. Four of the patients positive for KIPyV had haematologic/oncologic diseases or other immunodeficiency conditions. While all of the sequences of KIPyV isolates were 100% similar, sequences of WUPyV isolates differed at 4 nucleotide positions.

Conclusion

According to the results of our study, the frequency of KIPyV and WUPyV infections is low, simultaneous respiratory tract infections caused by other viral or bacterial pathogens, immunosuppression appears to be a predisposing factors for the KIPyV and WUPyV infections. The partially amplified gene regions were highly conserved in both viruses.

目的探讨KI和WU多瘤病毒在呼吸道感染的频率、感染人群及临床特点。虽然这些病毒早在2007年就被发现，但它们的致病性和毒力尚未完全阐明。方法对2016年至2019年间送到我们实验室的182例5岁以下儿科患者的鼻咽抽吸/拭子样本进行检测。采用巢式聚合酶链反应，利用引物靶向部分VP1基因区域对病毒进行研究。阳性样本采用Sanger法进行测序验证，比较部分扩增基因区域之间的遗传距离。结果182份样本中检出skipyv 7例（3.8%），WUPyV 2例（1.1%）。除1例KIPyV阳性外，其余阳性标本均为2岁患者。所有阳性患者均以鼻病毒和副流感病毒3型为主。KIPyV阳性的患者中有4人患有血液学/肿瘤学疾病或其他免疫缺陷疾病。KIPyV分离株的序列100%相似，而WUPyV分离株的序列在4个核苷酸位置上存在差异。结论根据我们的研究结果，KIPyV和WUPyV感染的频率较低，同时由其他病毒或细菌病原体引起的呼吸道感染，免疫抑制可能是KIPyV和WUPyV感染的易感因素。部分扩增的基因区域在两种病毒中高度保守。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation of BD MAX™ Enteric Panels and Luminex NxTAG® GPP for the detection of gastrointestinal pathogens in clinical stool samples BD MAX™Enteric Panels和Luminex NxTAG®GPP在临床粪便样本中检测胃肠道病原体的比较评估

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117267

Javier Guillem , Eliseo Albert , Estela Giménez , Isabel Corrales , David Navarro , Ignacio Torres

Purpose

To compare the diagnostic performance of BD MAX™ Enteric Panels and the Luminex NxTAG® Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (GPP) for the detection of enteric pathogens under routine clinical conditions.

Methods

A prospective single-center study analyzed 165 stool samples (one per patient) from individuals with suspected gastrointestinal infection attending the Clínico-Malvarrosa Health Department (Valencia, Spain) between October and November 2023. Samples tested using all BD MAX™ enteric panels (bacterial, viral, and Clostridioides difficile panels) were also processed by Luminex NxTAG® GPP assay. Positive Percentage Agreement (PPA), Negative Percentage Agreement (NPA), Cohen’s κ index were calculated. Discrepant results were investigated using the VIASURE real-time PCR and targeted Next-Generation Sequencing, as appropriate.

Results

Among the 165 samples analyzed, 107 (64.8%) were positive for at least one pathogen by either method, with norovirus (n = 40) and Clostridioides difficile (n = 18) being the most frequently detected targets. Overall, both assays exhibited moderate initial agreement (PPA 69.3%, NPA 90.6%, κ = 0.56), with an average PPA of 78.6%. PPA exceeded 85% for most targets, except for sapovirus. Salmonella spp., and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (stx1, stx2) (STEC) accounted for most discordant results, often associated with low pathogen loads or analytical variability. After discrepancy resolution, both assays demonstrated comparable diagnostic performance, with a substantial concordance of (κ = 0.79 and 0.77, respectively).

Conclusion

BD MAX™ and Luminex NxTAG® GPP demonstrated comparable accuracy in detecting enteric pathogens, supporting their use in cost-effective, culture-independent molecular diagnosis and their integration within microbiological diagnostic stewardship programs.

目的比较BD MAX™Enteric Panel和Luminex NxTAG®胃肠道病原体面板（GPP）在常规临床条件下对肠道病原体的诊断性能。方法一项前瞻性单中心研究分析了2023年10月至11月期间在西班牙瓦伦西亚Clínico-Malvarrosa卫生部门就诊的疑似胃肠道感染患者的165份粪便样本（每位患者1份）。使用所有BD MAX™肠道面板（细菌、病毒和艰难梭菌面板）测试的样品也通过Luminex NxTAG®GPP检测处理。计算阳性百分数协议（PPA）、阴性百分数协议（NPA）、Cohen’s κ指数。根据需要，使用VIASURE实时PCR和靶向下一代测序来研究差异结果。结果165份样本中有107份（64.8%）至少检出一种病原菌，其中诺如病毒（n = 40）和艰难梭菌（n = 18）是检出最多的目标。总体而言，两种分析均表现出适度的初始一致性（PPA为69.3%，NPA为90.6%,κ = 0.56），平均PPA为78.6%。除萨帕病毒外，大多数目标的PPA均超过85%。沙门氏菌和产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（stx1, stx2）（STEC）是最不一致的结果，通常与低病原体负荷或分析差异有关。在差异解决后，两种检测方法显示出相当的诊断性能，具有实质性的一致性（κ分别为0.79和0.77）。结论bd MAX™和Luminex NxTAG®GPP在检测肠道病原体方面具有相当的准确性，支持它们在具有成本效益的、不依赖培养的分子诊断中的应用，并将其整合到微生物诊断管理计划中。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of Candida spp./bacteria interactions within polymicrobial biofilms: resistance and therapeutic strategies 念珠菌/细菌在多微生物生物膜内相互作用的综合综述：耐药性和治疗策略

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117251

Amel Halimi , Zahira Zakia Baba Ahmed-Kazi Tani , Mohammed Aissaoui

Fungal infections are mainly caused by opportunistic species of the Candida genus. These yeasts can form polymicrobial biofilms with bacteria on living or inert surfaces, including medical devices. The synergistic or antagonistic interactions within these biofilms promote virulence and resistance to antimicrobials as well as to the host's immune defenses. In response to this resistance, considerable efforts are being made to limit treatment failures. The use of antifungal-antibiotic-natural compound combinations, as well as the modification of medical device surfaces, offer promising solutions.

真菌感染主要由念珠菌属的机会性物种引起。这些酵母菌可以在活的或惰性的表面（包括医疗器械）上与细菌形成多微生物生物膜。这些生物膜内的协同或拮抗相互作用促进了对抗菌剂的毒力和抗性以及对宿主免疫防御的抗性。为了应对这种阻力，正在作出相当大的努力来限制治疗失败。使用抗真菌-抗生素-天然化合物组合，以及修改医疗器械表面，提供了有希望的解决方案。

引用次数: 0

Development and evaluation of a duplex real-time multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification assay for simultaneous detection of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae K1 and K2 serotypes in spiked blood samples 用于同时检测加标血液样本中高毒肺炎克雷伯菌K1和K2血清型的双实时多酶等温快速扩增方法的建立和评价

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117280

Zhixiong Duan , Shaohong Yu , Honglin Wang , Chunyan Yang , Xuelian Peng , Shan Shi , Jin Li

The emergence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP), particularly the K1 and K2 serotypes, presents a significant public health threat due to their increased virulence and resistance. Rapid and accurate detection of hvKP is crucial for effective clinical management. This study developed and evaluated a duplex real-time multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification (MIRA) assay for the simultaneous detection of hvKP K1 and K2 serotypes in spiked blood samples. The assay employed optimized primers and probes targeting specific capsular genes. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed using spiked blood specimens and compared to real-time PCR. The detection limit was 1 × 10³ CFU per reaction for both serotypes, with no cross-reactivity with non-hvKP K1/K2 strains. The assay demonstrated superior reproducibility and stability, offering faster detection and simplified infrastructure requirements compared to real-time PCR. These features make the duplex real-time MIRA assay a promising tool for clinical diagnostics and outbreak surveillance.

高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌（hvKP）的出现，特别是K1和K2血清型，由于其毒性和耐药性增强，构成了重大的公共卫生威胁。快速准确地检测hvKP对于有效的临床管理至关重要。本研究开发并评估了一种双重实时多酶等温快速扩增（MIRA）方法，用于同时检测加标血液样本中的hvKP K1和K2血清型。实验采用优化的引物和探针靶向特定的荚膜基因。灵敏度和特异性采用加标血样进行评估，并与实时PCR进行比较。两种血清型的检出限均为1 × 10³CFU /反应，与非hvkp K1/K2菌株无交叉反应性。与实时PCR相比，该分析具有卓越的重复性和稳定性，提供更快的检测速度和简化的基础设施要求。这些特点使双工实时MIRA测定成为临床诊断和疫情监测的有前途的工具。

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引用次数: 0

In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility trends in commonly isolated anaerobic bacteria within the Australian context 在体外抗菌敏感性趋势在澳大利亚的背景下，通常分离的厌氧细菌。

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117264

Victoria Jordan , Hemalatha Varadhan

Background

Antibiotic susceptibility testing is often not performed for anaerobic bacteria; empiric antibiotics with anaerobic cover are used if indicated. However, resistance has been described to various commonly used anti-anaerobic agents, so it is important to assess whether this approach remains optimal.

Aim

To determine phenotypic susceptibility profiles of commonly isolated anaerobic bacteria.

Methods

Stored clinical isolates from within Prevotella spp. (n=30), Clostridium perfringens (n=30), Cutibacterium acnes (n=30), underwent susceptibility testing using EUCAST methodology; additionally gram positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) such as Finegoldia magna (n=11), Parvimonas micra (n=8), and Peptoniphilus spp. (n=9) underwent susceptibility testing using an experimental method, the Thermo Fisher Anaerobe Sensititre broth microdilution plate.

Results

High resistance rates were found in Prevotella spp. to amoxicillin-clavulanate and clindamycin (53.3% and 50% respectively), as well as 43.3% clindamycin resistance in Clostridium perfringens, and notable clindamycin and tetracycline resistance rates in the gram positive anaerobic cocci. Susceptibility was generally otherwise retained for F. necrophorum and the Gram positive anaerobes tested, and to metronidazole for all organisms.

Conclusion

Given relatively high rates of resistance to common agents within Prevotella spp. and with clindamycin to several species tested, anaerobic susceptibility testing should be considered by laboratories in select circumstances, particularly in infections where Prevotella spp. have a significant role or where clindamycin is being considered as the main agent for significant infections.

背景：厌氧菌通常不进行抗生素药敏试验；如有需要，使用经验性抗生素和厌氧覆盖。然而，已经描述了对各种常用抗厌氧剂的耐药性，因此评估这种方法是否仍然是最佳的是很重要的。目的：了解常见厌氧菌的表型敏感性。方法：采用EUCAST方法对临床保存的普雷沃氏菌（30株）、产气荚膜梭菌（30株）、痤疮表皮杆菌（30株）进行药敏试验；另外，革兰氏阳性厌氧球菌（GPAC），如大细粒芽胞菌（n=11）、微细小单胞菌（n=8）和嗜胃杆菌（n=9）采用实验方法，即Thermo Fisher厌氧菌敏感肉汤微稀释板进行药敏试验。结果：普雷沃特菌对阿莫西林-克拉维酸酯和克林霉素的耐药率较高（分别为53.3%和50%），产气荚膜梭菌对克林霉素的耐药率为43.3%，革兰氏阳性厌氧球菌对克林霉素和四环素的耐药率显著。除此之外，对坏死性梭菌和革兰氏阳性厌氧菌的敏感性一般保持不变，对所有微生物的甲硝唑敏感性也保持不变。结论：鉴于普雷沃氏菌对常见药物的耐药率相对较高，而克林霉素对几种被试物种的耐药率较高，实验室应在特定情况下考虑进行厌氧药敏试验，特别是在普雷沃氏菌具有重要作用的感染或克林霉素被认为是重大感染的主要药物的感染中。

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引用次数: 0

A combined rapid phenotypic strategy for the identification of Candida albicans: Performance evaluation against PCR. 鉴别白色念珠菌的联合快速表型策略：对PCR的性能评价。

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2026.117388

Brahim Jabri, Slimane Faouzi, Abdellah Bouzit, Hassan Chtibi, Sihame Assimi, Maryem Iken

Accurate identification of Candida albicans is essential in clinical mycology due to its high prevalence in human infections and its close phenotypic similarity to Candida dubliniensis. Misidentification between these two species can lead to inappropriate treatment and inaccurate epidemiological data. Rapid phenotypic assays are widely used in routine laboratories, but their diagnostic performance requires careful evaluation. This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of a combined rapid phenotypic approach using the Bichro-latex albicans and Bichro-Dubli tests for the identification of Candida albicans. A total of 180 archived clinical Candida isolates from oral samples, including Candida albicans and non-albicans species, were analyzed. All isolates were cultured under standard conditions and tested with the Bichro-latex albicans and Bichro-Dubli assays according to manufacturer instructions. Molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction served as the reference method. According to the manufacturer's diagnostic algorithm, isolates showing a positive Bichro-latex albicans result combined with a negative Bichro-Dubli result were interpreted as Candida albicans. The combined interpretation of these results showed high diagnostic performance, with sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90 % and overall accuracy above 94 %. Few discordant results were observed, including false-negative reactions among polymerase chain reaction-confirmed Candida albicans isolates and occasional false-positive reactions among non-albicans Candida species, reflecting limitations of antigen-based phenotypic assays. The results indicate that combining Bichro-latex albicans and Bichro-Dubli provides a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective method for identifying Candida albicans in routine clinical mycology laboratories.

由于白色念珠菌在人类感染中的高流行率及其与都柏林念珠菌的表型相似，因此准确鉴定在临床真菌学中至关重要。这两个物种之间的错误识别可能导致不适当的治疗和不准确的流行病学数据。快速表型分析在常规实验室中广泛使用，但其诊断性能需要仔细评估。本研究评估了一种联合快速表型方法的诊断准确性，该方法使用双胶乳白色念珠菌和双双试验来鉴定白色念珠菌。对180例口腔标本中分离的白色念珠菌和非白色念珠菌进行分析。所有分离株均在标准条件下培养，并根据制造商说明采用双乳胶白念珠菌法和双双歧杆菌法进行检测。以聚合酶链反应为参考方法进行分子鉴定。根据制造商的诊断算法，分离物显示阳性双胶乳白色念珠菌结果结合阴性双胶乳白色念珠菌结果被解释为白色念珠菌。这些结果的综合解释显示出较高的诊断性能，敏感性和特异性超过90%，总体准确率超过94%。很少观察到不一致的结果，包括在聚合酶链反应证实的白色念珠菌分离株中出现假阴性反应，而在非白色念珠菌种中偶尔出现假阳性反应，这反映了基于抗原的表型分析的局限性。结果表明，在常规临床真菌学实验室中，双胶乳白念珠菌与双双念珠菌联合检测是一种快速、可靠、经济的白念珠菌鉴定方法。

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