Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116559
Chih-Jung Chang , Jhong-Ru Huang , Yen-Han Tseng , Sheng-Wei Pan , Jia-Yih Feng , Wei-Juin Su , Yuh-Min Chen
Introduction
To investigate whether the methylation of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) differentiates active tuberculosis (TB) from latent TB infection (LTBI).
Methods
Patients with pulmonary TB, contacts with LTBI, and healthy controls were enrolled (2018–2021). Plasma cfDNA was extracted, and using a 5-methylcytosine (5mC) DNA ELISA kit, the global methylation of cfDNA (5mC-cfDNA) was measured.
Results
59 TB, 63 LTBI, 39 healthy controls were included. The 5mC-cfDNA level was higher in TB (6.4 %) than LTBI (4.1 %) and healthy controls (4.9 %) (both p<0.05). Independent TB factors were 5mC-cfDNA ≥6.6 % and CRP ≥0.32 mg/dL (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.594 [95 % CI:1.628–12.965], p=0.004 and 5.338 [1.659–17.176], p=0.005). Having one or both factors increased TB odds 8- and 16-fold (aOR 8.688 [3.229–23.378], p <0.001 and 16.080 [3.092–83.632], p =0.001).
Conclusion
The global cfDNA methylation level was higher in TB than contacts without TB and helped differentiate patients with TB from contacts with LTBI.
{"title":"Global cell-free DNA methylation in patients with active tuberculosis and tuberculosis contacts with latent tuberculosis infection","authors":"Chih-Jung Chang , Jhong-Ru Huang , Yen-Han Tseng , Sheng-Wei Pan , Jia-Yih Feng , Wei-Juin Su , Yuh-Min Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To investigate whether the methylation of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) differentiates active tuberculosis (TB) from latent TB infection (LTBI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with pulmonary TB, contacts with LTBI, and healthy controls were enrolled (2018–2021). Plasma cfDNA was extracted, and using a 5-methylcytosine (5mC) DNA ELISA kit, the global methylation of cfDNA (5mC-cfDNA) was measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>59 TB, 63 LTBI, 39 healthy controls were included. The 5mC-cfDNA level was higher in TB (6.4 %) than LTBI (4.1 %) and healthy controls (4.9 %) (both p<0.05). Independent TB factors were 5mC-cfDNA ≥6.6 % and CRP ≥0.32 mg/dL (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.594 [95 % CI:1.628–12.965], p=0.004 and 5.338 [1.659–17.176], p=0.005). Having one or both factors increased TB odds 8- and 16-fold (aOR 8.688 [3.229–23.378], p <0.001 and 16.080 [3.092–83.632], p =0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The global cfDNA methylation level was higher in TB than contacts without TB and helped differentiate patients with TB from contacts with LTBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116567
Erkan Mozioğlu , Martin Hussels , Susanne Engel
The importance of cytomegalovirus in clinical practice remains and samples are monitored for CMV DNA titers to predict the development of disease. LAMP assays have gained increasing interest in the diagnosis of many pathogens since they do not require thermocycling, reduce the complexity of the required instrumentation as well as providing sensitivity and rapidity. So far, very few studies on CMV detection by LAMP have been reported in the literature and therefore the performance of LAMP CMV assays needs to be further characterized. In a set-up for biometrological evaluation of the suitability of the LAMP assay for CMV diagnosis, a LAMP assay was performed on a total of 192 samples with 24 replicates of 8 different hCMV DNA concentrations. The LOD was calculated as 39.09 copy/reaction (25.33 copy/reaction to 65.84 copy/reaction) with 95 % confidence, representing a range that is suitable for qualitative detection. Furthermore, the lower limit of quantification was estimated at approximately 100 copy/reaction. The LOD and LLOQ values obtained in this first study to assess the biometrological relevance of LAMP CMV tests are consistent when compared to studies published before. However further study under different conditions is needed for the use of LAMP tests in clinical applications.
{"title":"Determination of limit of detection (LOD) for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) DNA","authors":"Erkan Mozioğlu , Martin Hussels , Susanne Engel","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of cytomegalovirus in clinical practice remains and samples are monitored for CMV DNA titers to predict the development of disease. LAMP assays have gained increasing interest in the diagnosis of many pathogens since they do not require thermocycling, reduce the complexity of the required instrumentation as well as providing sensitivity and rapidity. So far, very few studies on CMV detection by LAMP have been reported in the literature and therefore the performance of LAMP CMV assays needs to be further characterized. In a set-up for biometrological evaluation of the suitability of the LAMP assay for CMV diagnosis, a LAMP assay was performed on a total of 192 samples with 24 replicates of 8 different hCMV DNA concentrations. The LOD was calculated as 39.09 copy/reaction (25.33 copy/reaction to 65.84 copy/reaction) with 95 % confidence, representing a range that is suitable for qualitative detection. Furthermore, the lower limit of quantification was estimated at approximately 100 copy/reaction. The LOD and LLOQ values obtained in this first study to assess the biometrological relevance of LAMP CMV tests are consistent when compared to studies published before. However further study under different conditions is needed for the use of LAMP tests in clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116550
Martina Fialova , Eva Cecrdlova , Ivan Zahradka , Vojtech Petr , Filip Hruby , Istvan Modos , Ondrej Viklicky , Ilja Striz
Despite the lower virulence of current SARS-CoV-2 variants and high rates of vaccinated and previously infected subjects, COVID-19 remains a persistent threat in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). This study evaluated the parameters of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production in 120 KTRs. The production of neutralizing antibodies in KTRs, following booster vaccination with the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, was significantly decreased and their decline was faster than in healthy subjects. Factors predisposing to the downregulation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies included age, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and a full dose of mycophenolate mofetil. Neutralizing antibodies correlated with those targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimmer, total SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein, as well as with antibodies to the deadly SARS-CoV-1 virus. No cross-reactivity was found with antibodies against seasonal coronaviruses. KTRs exhibited lower postvaccination production of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2; however, the specificity of their humoral response did not differ compared to healthy subjects.
{"title":"Attenuated neutralization, maintained specificity: Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 booster in kidney allograft recipients","authors":"Martina Fialova , Eva Cecrdlova , Ivan Zahradka , Vojtech Petr , Filip Hruby , Istvan Modos , Ondrej Viklicky , Ilja Striz","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the lower virulence of current SARS-CoV-2 variants and high rates of vaccinated and previously infected subjects, COVID-19 remains a persistent threat in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). This study evaluated the parameters of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody production in 120 KTRs. The production of neutralizing antibodies in KTRs, following booster vaccination with the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, was significantly decreased and their decline was faster than in healthy subjects. Factors predisposing to the downregulation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies included age, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and a full dose of mycophenolate mofetil. Neutralizing antibodies correlated with those targeting the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimmer, total SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein, as well as with antibodies to the deadly SARS-CoV-1 virus. No cross-reactivity was found with antibodies against seasonal coronaviruses. KTRs exhibited lower postvaccination production of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2; however, the specificity of their humoral response did not differ compared to healthy subjects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116562
Aldo Sebastian Flores-Flores , Jose Manuel Vazquez-Guillen , Paola Bocanegra-Ibarias , Adrian Camacho-Ortiz , Reyes S. Tamez-Guerra , Cristina Rodriguez-Padilla , Samantha Flores-Treviño
Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm production in healthcare-associated infections is a health issue worldwide. This study aimed to identify potential biomarker peaks for resistance or biofilm production in ESKAPE pathogens using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm production were assessed on selected isolates. Biomarker peaks were identified using MALDI Biotyper and ClinProTools software. Among resistant strains, 90.0 % were carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), 39.0 % were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 17.98 % were multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21.6 % were vancomycinresistant Enterococcus (VRE), and 2.55 % were carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Biofilm production was 40.0 % in VRE and 45.8 % in MRSA. Although no potential biomarker peaks for biofilm production were detected, several potential biomarker peaks for drug resistance in VRE (n=5), MRSA (n=4), and MDR P. aeruginosa (n=4) were detected, suggesting avenues for the development of rapid diagnostic tools.
{"title":"MALDI-TOF MS profiling to predict resistance or biofilm production in gram-positive ESKAPE pathogens from healthcare-associated infections","authors":"Aldo Sebastian Flores-Flores , Jose Manuel Vazquez-Guillen , Paola Bocanegra-Ibarias , Adrian Camacho-Ortiz , Reyes S. Tamez-Guerra , Cristina Rodriguez-Padilla , Samantha Flores-Treviño","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm production in healthcare-associated infections is a health issue worldwide. This study aimed to identify potential biomarker peaks for resistance or biofilm production in ESKAPE pathogens using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm production were assessed on selected isolates. Biomarker peaks were identified using MALDI Biotyper and ClinProTools software. Among resistant strains, 90.0 % were carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), 39.0 % were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 17.98 % were multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 21.6 % were vancomycinresistant Enterococcus (VRE), and 2.55 % were carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Biofilm production was 40.0 % in VRE and 45.8 % in MRSA. Although no potential biomarker peaks for biofilm production were detected, several potential biomarker peaks for drug resistance in VRE (n=5), MRSA (n=4), and MDR P. aeruginosa (n=4) were detected, suggesting avenues for the development of rapid diagnostic tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116557
Jessica L. Mulbah , Rachel M. Kenney , Robert J. Tibbetts , Anita B. Shallal , Michael P. Veve
Objective
To compare outcomes of ceftriaxone to AmpC-stable therapies in patients with bacteremia caused by low-risk AmpC harboring Enterobacterales.
Methods
IRB-approved, retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients ≥18 years old with Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii, or Providencia spp. bacteremia from 1/1/2017-2/28/2024. Patients were compared by definitive therapy with ceftriaxone vs AmpC-stable therapy (cefepime, carbapenem). The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality; secondary endpoints were clinical failure and development of ceftriaxone resistance.
Results
163 patients were included; 33.1 % received ceftriaxone, 66.9 % AmpC-stable therapies. 30-day all-cause mortality was 9.3 % ceftriaxone vs 10.1 % AmpC stable patients (P = 0.87); ceftriaxone definitive therapy was not associated with 30-day all-cause mortality (adjOR, 0.79; 95 %CI, 0.23-2.3). There were no differences in clinical failure (9.3 % vs 21.1 %, P = 0.059) or relapsing infection (5.6 % vs 9.3 %, P = 0.55) between ceftriaxone and AmpC-stable treated patients.
Conclusions
Patients treated with definitive ceftriaxone for low-risk AmpC Enterobacterales bacteremia had similar outcomes to AmpC stable therapies.
{"title":"Ceftriaxone versus cefepime or carbapenems for definitive treatment of low-risk AmpC-Harboring Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in hospitalized adults: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Jessica L. Mulbah , Rachel M. Kenney , Robert J. Tibbetts , Anita B. Shallal , Michael P. Veve","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare outcomes of ceftriaxone to AmpC-stable therapies in patients with bacteremia caused by low-risk AmpC harboring Enterobacterales.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>IRB-approved, retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients ≥18 years old with <em>Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii</em>, or <em>Providencia</em> spp. bacteremia from 1/1/2017-2/28/2024. Patients were compared by definitive therapy with ceftriaxone vs AmpC-stable therapy (cefepime, carbapenem). The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality; secondary endpoints were clinical failure and development of ceftriaxone resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>163 patients were included; 33.1 % received ceftriaxone, 66.9 % AmpC-stable therapies. 30-day all-cause mortality was 9.3 % ceftriaxone vs 10.1 % AmpC stable patients (<em>P</em> = 0.87); ceftriaxone definitive therapy was not associated with 30-day all-cause mortality (adjOR, 0.79; 95 %CI, 0.23-2.3). There were no differences in clinical failure (9.3 % vs 21.1 %, <em>P</em> = 0.059) or relapsing infection (5.6 % vs 9.3 %, <em>P</em> = 0.55) between ceftriaxone and AmpC-stable treated patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients treated with definitive ceftriaxone for low-risk AmpC Enterobacterales bacteremia had similar outcomes to AmpC stable therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116560
Luana E. Araújo , Jéssica Petrilli , Carlos Oliveira , Thainá Horta , Paulo Estevão , Fabiana Rabe Carvalho , Claudete A. Araújo Cardoso , Thiago Marconi Cardoso , Luanna de Ângelis , Lilian Montenegro , Fred Luciano Neves Santos , Sérgio Arruda , Adriano Queiroz
This study assessed the diagnostic potential of nonpolar lipid extracts in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for tuberculosis (TB) serodiagnosis. Nonpolar lipid extracts were harvested from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) knockout in mce1 operon (∆mce1) and its parental wild type (WT) strains. IgM and IgG anti-nonpolar lipid serum levels were measured in TB patients (n=45), healthy individuals with positive (n=22) and negative (n=44) interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results, and symptomatic respiratory (SR) patients with negative TB tests (n=9). IgG anti-WT lipid distinguished TB patients from IGRA-positive individuals with 60% sensitivity and 77.3% specificity. Conversely, IgG anti-∆mce lipid levels didn't vary significantly across groups. Interestingly, most SR patients exhibited significantly higher IgM and IgG anti-WT lipid titers than the IGRA-positive and -nega groups. While the overall diagnostic potential of Mtb nonpolar lipids was limited, the impaired immunogenecity of Δmce1 lipid extract suggests that some missing lipid classes in this extract can potentially induce antibody production in TB patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of nonpolar lipid extract antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis","authors":"Luana E. Araújo , Jéssica Petrilli , Carlos Oliveira , Thainá Horta , Paulo Estevão , Fabiana Rabe Carvalho , Claudete A. Araújo Cardoso , Thiago Marconi Cardoso , Luanna de Ângelis , Lilian Montenegro , Fred Luciano Neves Santos , Sérgio Arruda , Adriano Queiroz","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the diagnostic potential of nonpolar lipid extracts in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for tuberculosis (TB) serodiagnosis. Nonpolar lipid extracts were harvested from <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (Mtb) knockout in <em>mce1</em> operon (∆mce1) and its parental wild type (WT) strains. IgM and IgG anti-nonpolar lipid serum levels were measured in TB patients (n=45), healthy individuals with positive (n=22) and negative (n=44) interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) results, and symptomatic respiratory (SR) patients with negative TB tests (n=9). IgG anti-WT lipid distinguished TB patients from IGRA-positive individuals with 60% sensitivity and 77.3% specificity. Conversely, IgG anti-∆mce lipid levels didn't vary significantly across groups. Interestingly, most SR patients exhibited significantly higher IgM and IgG anti-WT lipid titers than the IGRA-positive and -nega groups. While the overall diagnostic potential of Mtb nonpolar lipids was limited, the impaired immunogenecity of Δmce1 lipid extract suggests that some missing lipid classes in this extract can potentially induce antibody production in TB patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116558
Heba Mohammed Refat M. Selim , Fatma Alzahraa M. Gomaa , Mohammad Y. Alshahrani , Noha A. Kamel , Khaled M. Aboshanab , Khaled M. Elsayed
This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility and combination of a beta-blocker, labetalol (LAB) and meropenem (MEM) on Carbapenem-resistant (CR) A. baumannii clinical isolates. A total of 43 CR- A. baumannii were isolated of which 37 (86.6 %) and 28 (65 %) exhibited MDR and XDR phenotypes, respectively. Colistin and doxycycline still retain their activities in 93.1 % and 72.1 % of the isolates, respectively. Combining MEM with LAB at 0.25 mg /mL, decreased MIC values in 91.4 % (32/35) however, at 0.5 mg /mL, it decreased MIC value and restored susceptibility to MEM in 100 % and 91.4 % of the tested isolates, respectively. A novel transferable plasmid pAcbGIM3 harboring aph-3′, blaoxa-58,blaGIM3 and blaCTX-M3 and eight mobile genetic elements were successfully isolated from a pan-drug resistant (PDR) isolate. In conclusion, LAB-MEM is a promising combination and should be clinically examined. This is the first report of a transmissible plasmid harboring blaGIM3 gene in Egypt.
{"title":"Colistin, doxycycline and Labetalol-meropenem combination are the most active against XDR-Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: Role of a novel transferrable plasmid conferring carbapenem resistance","authors":"Heba Mohammed Refat M. Selim , Fatma Alzahraa M. Gomaa , Mohammad Y. Alshahrani , Noha A. Kamel , Khaled M. Aboshanab , Khaled M. Elsayed","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility and combination of a beta-blocker, labetalol (LAB) and meropenem (MEM) on Carbapenem-resistant (CR) <em>A. baumannii</em> clinical isolates. A total of 43 CR- <em>A. baumannii</em> were isolated of which 37 (86.6 %) and 28 (65 %) exhibited MDR and XDR phenotypes, respectively. Colistin and doxycycline still retain their activities in 93.1 % and 72.1 % of the isolates, respectively. Combining MEM with LAB at 0.25 mg /mL, decreased MIC values in 91.4 % (32/35) however, at 0.5 mg /mL, it decreased MIC value and restored susceptibility to MEM in 100 % and 91.4 % of the tested isolates, respectively. A novel transferable plasmid pAcbGIM3 harboring <em>aph</em>-3′, <em>bla</em><sub>oxa-58,</sub> <em>bla</em><sub>GIM3</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M3</sub> and eight mobile genetic elements were successfully isolated from a pan-drug resistant (PDR) isolate. In conclusion, LAB-MEM is a promising combination and should be clinically examined. This is the first report of a transmissible plasmid harboring <em>bla</em><sub>GIM3</sub> gene in Egypt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"110 4","pages":"Article 116558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In vitro activity of β-lactam enhancer/β-lactam combination zidebactam/cefepime was evaluated against carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.
Methods
Non duplicate K. pneumoniae (n=185), resistant to colistin as well as non-susceptible to carbapenems were collected (2018-2019) at two large tertiary care hospitals in India. Colistin resistance-conferring genes mcr1 and mcr3 were screened among 123 of 185 randomly-selected isolates. These isolates were also subjected to multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Additionally, alterations in mgrB were screened in 109 of these 123 isolates. All the study isolates were screened for presence of carbapenemases genes. MICs of zidebactam/cefepime, colistin, carbapenems, ceftazidime/avibactam, imipenem/relebactam, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were determined by reference CLSI broth dilution method.
Results
Among the isolates, 65.4% (121/185) carried blaOXA-48-like gene and 27.6% isolates (51/185) carried dual carbapenemase genes; blaOXA-48-like and blaNDM. Of the remainder, 8 isolates carried blaNDM and 5 isolates lacked carbapenemases gene despite being carbapenem-resistant. None of the isolates showed presence of mcr1 and mcr3. Out of 109 isolates analysed for mgrB, 36 showed mutational changes. The MLST profile revealed at least 14 unique sequence types with ST231 being the dominant clone. All the isolates showed colistin MICs >2 mg/L and were non-susceptible to carbapenems. Zidebactam/cefepime demonstrated potent activity with MIC50 and MIC90 of 1 and 2 mg/L, respectively. MIC90s of amikacin, ceftazidime/avibactam and imipenem/relebactam were >32 mg/L.
Conclusion
Zidebactam/cefepime combination was highly active against multi-clonal, carbapenem-non-susceptible and colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates producing OXA-48-like (Ambler class D) or/and NDM (Ambler class B) carbapenemases, thus potentially offering a valuable treatment options for infections caused by such pan-drug resistant resistotypes. Though, zidebactam is not an inhibitor of class B and D β-lactamases, potent activity of zidebactam/cefepime combination is attributable to β-lactam enhancer mechanism.
{"title":"In vitro activity of zidebactam/cefepime (WCK 5222), a β-lactam enhancer/ β-lactam combination against carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates","authors":"Yamuna Devi Bakthavatchalam , Chaitra Shankar , Christo Jeyaraj , Ayyanraj Neeravi , Purva Mathur , Vasant Nagvekar , Sangeetha Nithiyanandam , Kamini Walia , Balaji Veeraraghavan","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In vitro activity of β-lactam enhancer/β-lactam combination zidebactam/cefepime was evaluated against carbapenem- and colistin-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Non duplicate <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (<em>n</em>=185), resistant to colistin as well as non-susceptible to carbapenems were collected (2018-2019) at two large tertiary care hospitals in India. Colistin resistance-conferring genes <em>mcr1</em> and <em>mcr3</em> were screened among 123 of 185 randomly-selected isolates. These isolates were also subjected to multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). Additionally, alterations in <em>mgrB</em> were screened in 109 of these 123 isolates. All the study isolates were screened for presence of carbapenemases genes. MICs of zidebactam/cefepime, colistin, carbapenems, ceftazidime/avibactam, imipenem/relebactam, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were determined by reference CLSI broth dilution method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the isolates, 65.4% (121/185) carried <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-48-like</sub> gene and 27.6% isolates (51/185) carried dual carbapenemase genes; <em>bla</em><sub>OXA-48-like</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>NDM</sub>. Of the remainder, 8 isolates carried <em>bla</em><sub>NDM</sub> and 5 isolates lacked carbapenemases gene despite being carbapenem-resistant. None of the isolates showed presence of <em>mcr1</em> and <em>mcr3</em>. Out of 109 isolates analysed for <em>mgrB</em>, 36 showed mutational changes. The MLST profile revealed at least 14 unique sequence types with ST231 being the dominant clone. All the isolates showed colistin MICs >2 mg/L and were non-susceptible to carbapenems. Zidebactam/cefepime demonstrated potent activity with MIC<sub>50</sub> and MIC<sub>90</sub> of 1 and 2 mg/L, respectively. MIC<sub>90</sub>s of amikacin, ceftazidime/avibactam and imipenem/relebactam were >32 mg/L.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Zidebactam/cefepime combination was highly active against multi-clonal, carbapenem-non-susceptible and colistin-resistant <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates producing OXA-48-like (Ambler class D) or/and NDM (Ambler class B) carbapenemases, thus potentially offering a valuable treatment options for infections caused by such pan-drug resistant resistotypes. Though, zidebactam is not an inhibitor of class B and D β-lactamases, potent activity of zidebactam/cefepime combination is attributable to β-lactam enhancer mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 1","pages":"Article 116561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116553
Jinfeng Lv , Chun Liu , Lan Fan , Ping Luo , Shao Liu , Cuifang Wu
Omadacycline is a novel tetracycline antibiotic that has a strong in vitro antibacterial activity against atypical pathogen such as Legionella. It is approved for the treatment of adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, including Legionella pneumonia. However, clinical data on the use of omadacycline in Legionella pneumonia is limited. In the present paper, we report a case of severe pneumonia induced by Legionella pneumophila (L.pneumophila) presenting with septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction including lung, liver and kidney. With omadacycline treaetment, inflammation indices of the patient markedly decreased, and the patient significantly improved with multiple organ dysfunction and was discharged from home. Due to its strong antibacterial activity against L.pneumophila, good safety profile and no dosage adjustment in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment, omadacycline can be considered as an optimal treatment strategies for severe infections by such special pathogen. Whereas, more case reports are needed to support this conclusion.
{"title":"Omadacycline for the treatment of severe Legionella pneumophila pneumonia complicated with multiple organ dysfunction: a case report","authors":"Jinfeng Lv , Chun Liu , Lan Fan , Ping Luo , Shao Liu , Cuifang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Omadacycline is a novel tetracycline antibiotic that has a strong <em>in vitro</em> antibacterial activity against atypical pathogen such as <em>Legionella</em>. It is approved for the treatment of adults with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, including <em>Legionella</em> pneumonia. However, clinical data on the use of omadacycline in <em>Legionella</em> pneumonia is limited. In the present paper, we report a case of severe pneumonia induced by <em>Legionella pneumophila</em> (<em>L.pneumophila</em>) presenting with septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction including lung, liver and kidney. With omadacycline treaetment, inflammation indices of the patient markedly decreased, and the patient significantly improved with multiple organ dysfunction and was discharged from home. Due to its strong antibacterial activity against <em>L.pneumophila</em>, good safety profile and no dosage adjustment in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment, omadacycline can be considered as an optimal treatment strategies for severe infections by such special pathogen. Whereas, more case reports are needed to support this conclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"110 4","pages":"Article 116553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116554
Yasemin Çakır Kıymaz , Mahmut Özbey
Tularemia is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Francisella tularensis. The main reservoir for F. tularensis is lagomorphs, rodents, arthropods, and the hydrotelluric environment. It also can be transmitted by infected animals or by drinking contaminated water. Pulmonary tularemia is a rare form of tularemia mostly transmitted by inhalation. In this report, we present a 51-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with fever, cough, sputum, and chest pain. Biopsy of the lesion compatible with mass on chest radiography revealed granulomatous inflammation. The diagnosis of pulmonary tularemia was made based on a history of rodent contact and tularemia microagglutination test (MAT): 1/1280.
{"title":"A Case of Pulmonary Tularemia Mimicking Lung Cancer","authors":"Yasemin Çakır Kıymaz , Mahmut Özbey","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tularemia is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by <em>Francisella tularensis.</em> The main reservoir for <em>F. tularensis</em> is lagomorphs, rodents, arthropods, and the hydrotelluric environment. It also can be transmitted by infected animals or by drinking contaminated water. Pulmonary tularemia is a rare form of tularemia mostly transmitted by inhalation. In this report, we present a 51-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with fever, cough, sputum, and chest pain. Biopsy of the lesion compatible with mass on chest radiography revealed granulomatous inflammation. The diagnosis of pulmonary tularemia was made based on a history of rodent contact and tularemia microagglutination test (MAT): 1/1280.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"110 4","pages":"Article 116554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142425669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号