Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104547
Hannah Jongebloed , Anna Chapman , Skye Marshall , Liliana Orellana , Victoria White , Patricia Livingston , Anna Ugalde
Stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trials (SW-CRTs) offer advantages for implementation research in healthcare and have been increasingly utilised in the oncology setting. Cancer-related SW-CRTs need to be robust to deliver impactful trial outcomes and support effective translation into practice. This review aimed to examine the application of the SW-CRT design in oncology settings including the trial design features and protocol deviations, the interventions tested, and the implementation aspects of those interventions. Five databases were searched from database inception to July 2023 for SW-CRTs which evaluated interventions in adults with cancer. Intervention characteristics, design features, protocol deviations, statistical approach, implementation strategies, and outcomes were described and evaluated narratively. The search yielded 3395 unique records with representing 15 trials which are reported over 49 publications. The 15 trials (n = 8 efficacy trials and n = 7 implementation trials) described diverse interventions in healthcare settings. Trials supported implementation of the intervention via educating and training healthcare professionals (n = 12; 80 %), met or exceeded recruitment targets (n = 10, 67 %) and evaluated a new model of care (n = 7; 47 %). Despite implementation outcomes being reported in 14 (93 %) trials, 12 (86 %) did not use an established evaluation framework to guide the selection and reporting of implementation outcomes. SW-CRTs were a utilised design for implementing diverse and complex healthcare interventions in the oncology setting. Trialists should consider the need to incorporate implementation frameworks, strategies and outcomes into their trial planning and resource allocation. This strategic approach can enhance the design and impact of SW-CRTs, leading to improved patient outcomes and advancements in cancer care.
{"title":"The application of stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial study designs in oncology settings: A systematic review","authors":"Hannah Jongebloed , Anna Chapman , Skye Marshall , Liliana Orellana , Victoria White , Patricia Livingston , Anna Ugalde","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trials (SW-CRTs) offer advantages for implementation research in healthcare and have been increasingly utilised in the oncology setting. Cancer-related SW-CRTs need to be robust to deliver impactful trial outcomes and support effective translation into practice. This review aimed to examine the application of the SW-CRT design in oncology settings including the trial design features and protocol deviations, the interventions tested, and the implementation aspects of those interventions. Five databases were searched from database inception to July 2023 for SW-CRTs which evaluated interventions in adults with cancer. Intervention characteristics, design features, protocol deviations, statistical approach, implementation strategies, and outcomes were described and evaluated narratively. The search yielded 3395 unique records with representing 15 trials which are reported over 49 publications. The 15 trials (n = 8 efficacy trials and n = 7 implementation trials) described diverse interventions in healthcare settings. Trials supported implementation of the intervention via educating and training healthcare professionals (n = 12; 80 %), met or exceeded recruitment targets (n = 10, 67 %) and evaluated a new model of care (n = 7; 47 %). Despite implementation outcomes being reported in 14 (93 %) trials, 12 (86 %) did not use an established evaluation framework to guide the selection and reporting of implementation outcomes. SW-CRTs were a utilised design for implementing diverse and complex healthcare interventions in the oncology setting. Trialists should consider the need to incorporate implementation frameworks, strategies and outcomes into their trial planning and resource allocation. This strategic approach can enhance the design and impact of SW-CRTs, leading to improved patient outcomes and advancements in cancer care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104547"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aromatase inhibitor is associated with a high incidence of Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Musculoskeletal Syndrome (AIMSS) in postmenopausal women with hormone-sensitive breast cancer.
Objective
This scoping review aims to identify available information regarding the frameworks, models, or strategies of adapted physical activity (APA) programs implemented for the prevention and management of AIMSS.
Methods
Search was realized by two independent reviewers in six databases following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Data of included articles were extracted, and risk of bias analyzed.
Results
Finally, 14 were included. No study has examined APA in the prevention of AIMSS. There is no solid evidence supporting the impact of APA on the management of AIMSS. However, evidence suggests that an APA program can reduce the worst joint pain and improve the quality of life.
Conclusion
Future research will enlighten clinical practices with the development of personalized APA programs in hormone-sensitive breast cancer.
背景:在患有激素敏感性乳腺癌的绝经后妇女中,芳香化酶抑制剂与芳香化酶抑制剂相关肌肉骨骼综合征(AIMSS)的发病率很高:本综述旨在确定有关为预防和管理 AIMSS 而实施的适应性体力活动(APA)计划的框架、模式或策略的现有信息:方法:由两名独立审稿人按照 PRISMA-ScR 指南在六个数据库中进行检索。结果:最终有 14 篇文章被收录:最后,共收录了 14 篇文章。没有一项研究探讨了 APA 在预防 AIMSS 方面的作用。没有确凿证据支持 APA 对 AIMSS 管理的影响。不过,有证据表明,APA 计划可以减轻最严重的关节疼痛,提高生活质量:未来的研究将为激素敏感型乳腺癌患者制定个性化的 APA 方案,为临床实践提供启示。
{"title":"Adapted physical activity programs for the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal pain induced by aromatase inhibitors in non-metastatic breast cancer patient: A scoping review","authors":"Nathalie Piazzon , Marion Cortet , Elise Vérot , Florence Carrouel","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aromatase inhibitor is associated with a high incidence of Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Musculoskeletal Syndrome (AIMSS) in postmenopausal women with hormone-sensitive breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This scoping review aims to identify available information regarding the frameworks, models, or strategies of adapted physical activity (APA) programs implemented for the prevention and management of AIMSS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Search was realized by two independent reviewers in six databases following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Data of included articles were extracted, and risk of bias analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Finally, 14 were included. No study has examined APA in the prevention of AIMSS. There is no solid evidence supporting the impact of APA on the management of AIMSS. However, evidence suggests that an APA program can reduce the worst joint pain and improve the quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Future research will enlighten clinical practices with the development of personalized APA programs in hormone-sensitive breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104548"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104540
Alessandro Nepote , Stefano Poletto , Valentina Bertaglia , Simona Carnio , Carlo Piumatti , Cristina Lanzetta , Ornella Cantale , Giorgio Saba , Paolo Bironzo , Silvia Novello , Antonino Carmelo Tralongo
Single-agent osimertinib has improved outcomes in EGFR-mutated lung cancer patients with brain metastases (BMs), but still, 40 % of them will experience an intracranial progression. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the role of brain radiotherapy upfront plus osimertinib. We evaluated articles comparing the use of osimertinib versus osimertinib plus brain radiotherapy. We included 897 patients from nine retrospective studies. Patients treated with combination therapy had an improvement in intracranial progression-free survival (HR 0.76; 95 % CI 0.61–0.94) and overall survival (HR 0.56; 95 % CI 0.36–0.87) with an acceptable safety profile. Osimertinib with upfront brain radiotherapy may be a suitable first-line treatment option for EGFR mutated patients with BMs at diagnosis. The main limitations of this analysis are the retrospective nature and the inability to control for a single variable of interest. Despite that, the combination of osimertinib and upfront brain radiotherapy is a treatment strategy that deserves further prospective trials.
单药奥希替尼改善了脑转移(BMs)的表皮生长因子受体突变肺癌患者的预后,但仍有40%的患者会出现颅内进展。我们进行了一项系统性综述,以评估前期脑放疗联合奥希替尼的作用。我们评估了比较使用奥希替尼与奥希替尼加脑放疗的文章。我们纳入了九项回顾性研究中的 897 名患者。接受联合治疗的患者颅内无进展生存期(HR 0.76;95% CI 0.61-0.94)和总生存期(HR 0.56;95% CI 0.36-0.87)均有所改善,且安全性可接受。奥希替尼联合前期脑放疗可能是EGFR突变患者确诊为骨髓瘤时的合适一线治疗方案。这项分析的主要局限性在于其回顾性和无法控制单一相关变量。尽管如此,奥希替尼和前期脑放疗的联合治疗策略仍值得进一步进行前瞻性试验。
{"title":"Role of osimertinib plus brain radiotherapy versus osimertinib single therapy in EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastases: A meta-analysis and systematic review","authors":"Alessandro Nepote , Stefano Poletto , Valentina Bertaglia , Simona Carnio , Carlo Piumatti , Cristina Lanzetta , Ornella Cantale , Giorgio Saba , Paolo Bironzo , Silvia Novello , Antonino Carmelo Tralongo","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-agent osimertinib has improved outcomes in EGFR-mutated lung cancer patients with brain metastases (BMs), but still, 40 % of them will experience an intracranial progression. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the role of brain radiotherapy upfront plus osimertinib. We evaluated articles comparing the use of osimertinib versus osimertinib plus brain radiotherapy. We included 897 patients from nine retrospective studies. Patients treated with combination therapy had an improvement in intracranial progression-free survival (HR 0.76; 95 % CI 0.61–0.94) and overall survival (HR 0.56; 95 % CI 0.36–0.87) with an acceptable safety profile. Osimertinib with upfront brain radiotherapy may be a suitable first-line treatment option for EGFR mutated patients with BMs at diagnosis. The main limitations of this analysis are the retrospective nature and the inability to control for a single variable of interest. Despite that, the combination of osimertinib and upfront brain radiotherapy is a treatment strategy that deserves further prospective trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104540"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104546
Fang Yang
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. For patients who have undergone multiple treatments, systemic drug therapy often presents challenges with limited efficacy and significant side effects. Radiotherapy, a pivotal local treatment, has shown substantial local control benefits in patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic disease. Clinical evidence suggests that integrating systemic therapy with locoregional radiotherapy can confer survival advantages in advanced malignancies. Within multidisciplinary treatment, the synergy between radiotherapy and systemic therapies shows promise for enhancing outcomes and extending survival. This review synthesizes recent advances in combining radiotherapy and systemic therapy in managing advanced TNBC, focusing on preclinical and clinical evidence regarding efficacy and safety. By reviewing these advancements, we aim to identify novel therapeutic strategies and integrate clinical evidence to inform best practices in TNBC management, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
{"title":"The integration of radiotherapy with systemic therapy in advanced triple-negative breast cancer","authors":"Fang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. For patients who have undergone multiple treatments, systemic drug therapy often presents challenges with limited efficacy and significant side effects. Radiotherapy, a pivotal local treatment, has shown substantial local control benefits in patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic disease. Clinical evidence suggests that integrating systemic therapy with locoregional radiotherapy can confer survival advantages in advanced malignancies. Within multidisciplinary treatment, the synergy between radiotherapy and systemic therapies shows promise for enhancing outcomes and extending survival. This review synthesizes recent advances in combining radiotherapy and systemic therapy in managing advanced TNBC, focusing on preclinical and clinical evidence regarding efficacy and safety. By reviewing these advancements, we aim to identify novel therapeutic strategies and integrate clinical evidence to inform best practices in TNBC management, ultimately improving patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104546"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intratumoral microbiome (ITM) is in the spotlight due to its possible contribution to the initiation, progression, and invasion of a wide range of cancers. Its precise contribution to cancer tumorigenesis is still elusive, though. Thyroid cancer(TC), the ninth leading cause of cancer globally and the most prevalent endocrine malignancy with a rapidly rising incidence among all cancers, has attracted much attention nowadays. Still, the association between the tumor's microbiome and TC progression and development is an evolving area of investigation with significant consequences for disease understanding and intervention. Therefore, this review offers an appropriate perspective on this emerging concept in TC based on prior studies on the ITM among the most common tumors worldwide, concentrating on TC. Moreover, information on the origin of the ITM and practical methods can pave the way for researchers to opt for the most appropriate method for further investigations on the ITM more accurately.
{"title":"Investigating the role of the intratumoral microbiome in thyroid cancer development and progression","authors":"Hanieh Ataollahi , Mehdi Hedayati , Noosha Zia-Jahromi , Maryam Daneshpour , Seyed Davar Siadat","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intratumoral microbiome (ITM) is in the spotlight due to its possible contribution to the initiation, progression, and invasion of a wide range of cancers. Its precise contribution to cancer tumorigenesis is still elusive, though. Thyroid cancer(TC), the ninth leading cause of cancer globally and the most prevalent endocrine malignancy with a rapidly rising incidence among all cancers, has attracted much attention nowadays. Still, the association between the tumor's microbiome and TC progression and development is an evolving area of investigation with significant consequences for disease understanding and intervention. Therefore, this review offers an appropriate perspective on this emerging concept in TC based on prior studies on the ITM among the most common tumors worldwide, concentrating on TC. Moreover, information on the origin of the ITM and practical methods can pave the way for researchers to opt for the most appropriate method for further investigations on the ITM more accurately.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104545"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104544
Jiri Svec , Jakub Onhajzer , Vladimir Korinek
The intestinal epithelium, a rapidly renewing tissue, is characterized by a continuous cell turnover that occurs through a well-coordinated process of cell proliferation and differentiation. This dynamic is crucial for the long-term function of the gastrointestinal tract. Disruption of this process can lead to colorectal carcinoma, a common malignancy worldwide. The first part of the review focuses on the cellular composition of the epithelium and the molecular mechanisms that control its functions, and describes the pathways that lead to epithelial transformation and tumor progression. This forms the basis for understanding the development and progression of advanced colorectal cancer. The second part deals with current therapeutic approaches and presents the latest treatment options, ongoing clinical trials and new drugs. In addition, the biological and medical perspectives of the adverse effects of therapies and models of regeneration of the intestinal epithelium are highlighted and, finally, future treatment options are discussed.
{"title":"Origin, development and therapy of colorectal cancer from the perspective of a biologist and an oncologist","authors":"Jiri Svec , Jakub Onhajzer , Vladimir Korinek","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intestinal epithelium, a rapidly renewing tissue, is characterized by a continuous cell turnover that occurs through a well-coordinated process of cell proliferation and differentiation. This dynamic is crucial for the long-term function of the gastrointestinal tract. Disruption of this process can lead to colorectal carcinoma, a common malignancy worldwide. The first part of the review focuses on the cellular composition of the epithelium and the molecular mechanisms that control its functions, and describes the pathways that lead to epithelial transformation and tumor progression. This forms the basis for understanding the development and progression of advanced colorectal cancer. The second part deals with current therapeutic approaches and presents the latest treatment options, ongoing clinical trials and new drugs. In addition, the biological and medical perspectives of the adverse effects of therapies and models of regeneration of the intestinal epithelium are highlighted and, finally, future treatment options are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104544"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104541
Weiwei Zhu , Siwei Pan , Jiaqing Zhang , Jingli Xu , Ruolan Zhang , Yanqiang Zhang , Zhenjie Fu , Yuqi Wang , Can Hu , Zhiyuan Xu
Despite recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment options for cancer, it remains one of the most serious threats to health. Hyperthermia (HT) has emerged as a highly promising area of research due to its safety and cost-effectiveness. Currently, based on temperature, HT can be categorized into thermal ablation and mild hyperthermia. Thermal ablation involves raising the temperature within the tumor to over 60°C, resulting in direct necrosis in the central region of the tumor. In contrast, mild hyperthermia operates at relatively lower temperatures, typically in the range of 41–45°C, to induce damage to tumor cells. Furthermore, HT also serves as an immune adjuvant strategy in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, enhancing the effectiveness of radiotherapy, increasing the uptake of chemotherapy drugs, and reprogramming the tumor microenvironment through the induction of immunogenic cell death, thereby promoting the recruitment of endogenous immune cells. This article reviews the current status and development of hyperthermia, outlines potential mechanisms by which hyperthermia inhibits tumors, describes clinical trial attempts combining hyperthermia with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, and discusses the relationship between nanoparticles and hyperthermia.
{"title":"The role of hyperthermia in the treatment of tumor","authors":"Weiwei Zhu , Siwei Pan , Jiaqing Zhang , Jingli Xu , Ruolan Zhang , Yanqiang Zhang , Zhenjie Fu , Yuqi Wang , Can Hu , Zhiyuan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment options for cancer, it remains one of the most serious threats to health. Hyperthermia (HT) has emerged as a highly promising area of research due to its safety and cost-effectiveness. Currently, based on temperature, HT can be categorized into thermal ablation and mild hyperthermia. Thermal ablation involves raising the temperature within the tumor to over 60°C, resulting in direct necrosis in the central region of the tumor. In contrast, mild hyperthermia operates at relatively lower temperatures, typically in the range of 41–45°C, to induce damage to tumor cells. Furthermore, HT also serves as an immune adjuvant strategy in radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, enhancing the effectiveness of radiotherapy, increasing the uptake of chemotherapy drugs, and reprogramming the tumor microenvironment through the induction of immunogenic cell death, thereby promoting the recruitment of endogenous immune cells. This article reviews the current status and development of hyperthermia, outlines potential mechanisms by which hyperthermia inhibits tumors, describes clinical trial attempts combining hyperthermia with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, and discusses the relationship between nanoparticles and hyperthermia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104543
Changqin Li , Jian Li
The immune system plays critical roles in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the majority of studies have focused on immune perturbations within the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, systemic immunity, which mainly occurs in the periphery, has attracted much attention. In CRC, both the tumor itself and treatments have extensive effects on systemic immunity, characterized by alterations in circulating cytokines and immune cells. In addition, intact systemic immunity is critical for the efficacy of therapies for CRC, especially immunotherapy. Therefore, various strategies aimed at alleviating the detrimental effects of traditional therapies or directly harnessing the components of systemic immunity for CRC treatment have been developed. However, whether these improvements can translate to survival benefits requires further study. This review aims to comprehensively outline the current knowledge of systemic immunity in CRC.
{"title":"Dysregulation of systemic immunity in colorectal cancer and its clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutics","authors":"Changqin Li , Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The immune system plays critical roles in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the majority of studies have focused on immune perturbations within the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, systemic immunity, which mainly occurs in the periphery, has attracted much attention. In CRC, both the tumor itself and treatments have extensive effects on systemic immunity, characterized by alterations in circulating cytokines and immune cells. In addition, intact systemic immunity is critical for the efficacy of therapies for CRC, especially immunotherapy. Therefore, various strategies aimed at alleviating the detrimental effects of traditional therapies or directly harnessing the components of systemic immunity for CRC treatment have been developed. However, whether these improvements can translate to survival benefits requires further study. This review aims to comprehensively outline the current knowledge of systemic immunity in CRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104543"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104537
Riccardo Ray Colciago , Valentina Lancellotta , Maria Carmen De Santis , Elisabetta Bonzano , Fiorenza De Rose , Eliana La Rocca , Bruno Meduri , Nadia Pasinetti , Agnese Prisco , Alessandra Gennari , Trine Tramm , Serena Di Cosimo , Nadia Harbeck , Giuseppe Curigliano , Philip Poortmans , Icro Meattini , Pierfrancesco Franco
Male breast cancer (MaBC) is an uncommon disease. It is generally assimilated to post-menopausal female breast cancer and treated accordingly. However, the real impact of radiation therapy, after both mastectomy and breast conservation, has yet to be established. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical impact of radiation therapy in MBC patients to support the clinical decision-making process and to inform future research. We performed a systematic search of ‘male’, ‘breast’, ‘cancer’, ‘radiotherapy’ and corresponding synonyms on PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. We included interventional studies reporting on radiation therapy effect on overall survival (OS) in MBC patients. Reviews, editorials, letters to the editor, conference abstracts and case reports, and studies with less than 20 MaBC patients or without data on OS were excluded. We extracted relevant characteristics and outcomes for each study, including the hazard ratio (HR) for OS, after adjustment for potential confounders. We calculated an overall adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for OS for patients receiving radiation therapy compared to those who did not. A random effect model was used. The search strategy yielded 10,260 articles. After removal of duplicates (n = 8254), 2006 articles remained and underwent abstract screening. A total of 168 manuscripts was selected for full text screening. After full text screening, 22 articles were included in the qualitative systematic review. Among them, 14 were included in the quantitative synthesis, reporting on 80.219 MaBC patients. A statistically significant reduction in the risk of death was observed for patients receiving radiation therapy, with a pooled aHR = 0.73 (95 %CI: 0.66–0.81) for OS. Significant heterogeneity among reported aHR estimates was seen (I2=77 %). A significant clinical benefit on OS has been observed when including radiation therapy in the therapeutic algorithm of patients with MaBC. These findings, which are based on retrospective studies and tumour registry reports, deserve further investigation to identify MaBC patient subgroups who most benefit from radiation therapy.
{"title":"The role of radiation therapy in the multidisciplinary management of male breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis on behalf of the Clinical Oncology Breast Cancer Group (COBCG)","authors":"Riccardo Ray Colciago , Valentina Lancellotta , Maria Carmen De Santis , Elisabetta Bonzano , Fiorenza De Rose , Eliana La Rocca , Bruno Meduri , Nadia Pasinetti , Agnese Prisco , Alessandra Gennari , Trine Tramm , Serena Di Cosimo , Nadia Harbeck , Giuseppe Curigliano , Philip Poortmans , Icro Meattini , Pierfrancesco Franco","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Male breast cancer (MaBC) is an uncommon disease. It is generally assimilated to post-menopausal female breast cancer and treated accordingly. However, the real impact of radiation therapy, after both mastectomy and breast conservation, has yet to be established. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical impact of radiation therapy in MBC patients to support the clinical decision-making process and to inform future research. We performed a systematic search of ‘male’, ‘breast’, ‘cancer’, ‘radiotherapy’ and corresponding synonyms on PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. We included interventional studies reporting on radiation therapy effect on overall survival (OS) in MBC patients. Reviews, editorials, letters to the editor, conference abstracts and case reports, and studies with less than 20 MaBC patients or without data on OS were excluded. We extracted relevant characteristics and outcomes for each study, including the hazard ratio (HR) for OS, after adjustment for potential confounders. We calculated an overall adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for OS for patients receiving radiation therapy compared to those who did not. A random effect model was used. The search strategy yielded 10,260 articles. After removal of duplicates (n = 8254), 2006 articles remained and underwent abstract screening. A total of 168 manuscripts was selected for full text screening. After full text screening, 22 articles were included in the qualitative systematic review. Among them, 14 were included in the quantitative synthesis, reporting on 80.219 MaBC patients. A statistically significant reduction in the risk of death was observed for patients receiving radiation therapy, with a pooled aHR = 0.73 (95 %CI: 0.66–0.81) for OS. Significant heterogeneity among reported aHR estimates was seen (I2=77 %). A significant clinical benefit on OS has been observed when including radiation therapy in the therapeutic algorithm of patients with MaBC. These findings, which are based on retrospective studies and tumour registry reports, deserve further investigation to identify MaBC patient subgroups who most benefit from radiation therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104537"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104534
Emilio Francesco Giunta , Giandomenico Roviello , Vincenza Conteduca , Elena Verzoni , Giuseppe Procopio , Ugo De Giorgi
The definition of "non-metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer" (nmHSPC) can be applied to patients with prostate cancer (PC) who are androgen-deprivation therapy-naïve and without evidence of metastatic disease. This definition includes heterogeneous situations; however, PC patients at high risk of metastatic spread – and who have not started a hormonal treatment – constitute a unique category with unmet clinical needs. This narrative review critically discusses the advances that characterize the rapidly evolving diagnostic and therapeutic scenario in the nmHSPC setting. We found that nmHSPC represents a grey zone in the context of PC. New clinical trials are trying to redefine the therapeutic algorithm of these patients, but escalating treatment seems not to be the right choice for the overall population. Biomarkers able to stratify patients – including molecular ones – are urgently needed, and biomarker-based clinical trials could clarify their prognostic and predictive role in the nmHSPC scenario.
非转移性激素敏感性前列腺癌"(nmHSPC)的定义适用于雄激素剥夺疗法无效且无转移性疾病证据的前列腺癌(PC)患者。这一定义包括各种不同的情况;然而,具有高转移扩散风险且尚未开始接受激素治疗的前列腺癌患者构成了一个独特的类别,其临床需求尚未得到满足。这篇叙述性综述批判性地讨论了 nmHSPC 诊断和治疗快速发展的进展。我们发现,nmHSPC 是 PC 的灰色地带。新的临床试验正试图重新定义这些患者的治疗算法,但对于整个人群来说,升级治疗似乎并不是正确的选择。目前迫切需要能够对患者进行分层的生物标志物,包括分子标志物,而基于生物标志物的临床试验可以明确它们在nmHSPC中的预后和预测作用。
{"title":"Pharmacological treatment landscape of non-metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A narrative review on behalf of the meet-URO Group","authors":"Emilio Francesco Giunta , Giandomenico Roviello , Vincenza Conteduca , Elena Verzoni , Giuseppe Procopio , Ugo De Giorgi","doi":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The definition of \"non-metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer\" (nmHSPC) can be applied to patients with prostate cancer (PC) who are androgen-deprivation therapy-naïve and without evidence of metastatic disease. This definition includes heterogeneous situations; however, PC patients at high risk of metastatic spread – and who have not started a hormonal treatment – constitute a unique category with unmet clinical needs. This narrative review critically discusses the advances that characterize the rapidly evolving diagnostic and therapeutic scenario in the nmHSPC setting. We found that nmHSPC represents a grey zone in the context of PC. New clinical trials are trying to redefine the therapeutic algorithm of these patients, but escalating treatment seems not to be the right choice for the overall population. Biomarkers able to stratify patients – including molecular ones – are urgently needed, and biomarker-based clinical trials could clarify their prognostic and predictive role in the nmHSPC scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11358,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in oncology/hematology","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 104534"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}