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The spatial extent of Walleye and Lake Sturgeon spawning migrations below a dam in the lower Black Sturgeon River, Lake Superior 苏必利尔湖黑鲟鱼河下游大坝下的黑鲟鱼和鲟鱼产卵洄游的空间范围
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12792
Kerri Kosziwka, Steven J. Cooke, Karen E. Smokorowski, Friedrich Fischer, Erin S. Dunlop, Michael D. Rennie, Thomas C. Pratt

In the Laurentian Great Lakes, the issue of barrier removal is complicated by the presence of non-native species below barriers. A fish tracking study was conducted to guide efforts for barrier remediation decisions for the restoration of fish populations with a focus on Walleye (Scander vitreus) and Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) in the Black Sturgeon River, a river system fragmented by a dam which blocks access of fishes to the majority of a large, otherwise barrier-free watershed. Data from 3 years of spawning migrations (2018–2020) indicated that the Walleye population in Black Bay likely consists of both river (65%) and lake spawners (27%), with the remaining individuals spawning in the bay or river in different years. Walleye and Lake Sturgeon showed consistent differences in the extent to which individuals migrated upstream in the river during the spawning season, despite expectations that both species would spawn at the base of the dam when prevented from further migration. The dam was presumably a barrier to migration for Lake Sturgeon, as nearly all Lake Sturgeon that entered the river migrated to the base of the dam. In contrast, few Walleye entering the river during the spawning season migrated to the dam annually. These findings suggest that Walleye and Lake Sturgeon may not benefit equally, at least in the short term, from barrier remediation or dam removal.

在劳伦森五大湖区,由于障碍物下方存在非本地物种,障碍物清除问题变得更加复杂。我们开展了一项鱼类追踪研究,为恢复鱼类种群的障碍修复决策提供指导,重点关注黑鲟河的马黑鱼(Scander vitreus)和湖鲟(Acipenser fulvescens),这是一个被大坝分割的河流系统,大坝阻挡了鱼类进入原本无障碍的大型流域的大部分区域。3年(2018-2020年)的产卵洄游数据表明,黑湾的马黑鱼种群可能由河流(65%)和湖泊(27%)产卵者组成,其余个体在不同年份在海湾或河流产卵。在产卵季节,黑眼鲟和湖鲟鱼在河流上游洄游的程度上表现出一致的差异,尽管这两种鱼类在被阻止进一步洄游时都会在大坝底部产卵。大坝可能是鲟湖洄游的障碍,因为几乎所有进入河流的鲟湖都洄游到了大坝底部。与此相反,在产卵季节进入河中的马黑鱼每年很少洄游到大坝。这些研究结果表明,至少在短期内,障碍物修复或大坝拆除可能不会让马黑鱼和鲟鱼同样受益。
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引用次数: 0
First description of redds of the only non-introgressed population of a critically endangered salmonid in a stream vulnerable to droughts 首次描述一条易受干旱影响的溪流中一种极度濒危鲑鱼的唯一非入侵种群的红点情况
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12790
Antonino Duchi

Location, dimensions, substrate and depth of the redds of the only non-introgressed population of the critically endangered Mediterranean trout Salmo cettii Rafinesque 1810 were investigated over 2 days, in January–February 2021, in a reach located in the headwaters of Tellesimo stream, Sicily. The habitat type (pool, riffle and glide) was identified for all the 13 redds observed; lengths, widths, depths and substrate size were measured in a sample of them. Eighty-five percent of the redds were located in pools and 15% in glides; no redd was found in riffles. The median total redd length was 80 cm (range: 43–580 cm; n = 11), and the median total area was 0.20 m2 (range: 0.01–2.09 m2; n = 11). The median size of dominant substrate in pot was 0.65 cm (range: 0.20–2 cm) and in tailspill 1.25 cm (range: 0.50–2.00 cm). Redds were found at median water depth of 27.5 cm (range: 12–98 cm). These results represent the first description of the characteristics of the spawning nests of this autochthonous salmonid.

2021 年 1 月至 2 月,在西西里岛泰勒西莫溪流源头的一条河段,对极度濒危的地中海鳟鱼 Salmo cettii Rafinesque 1810 的唯一非入侵种群的红点位置、尺寸、底质和深度进行了为期两天的调查。对观察到的所有 13 个红点的栖息地类型(池塘、溪流和滑道)进行了鉴定;对其中一些红点的长度、宽度、深度和底质尺寸进行了抽样测量。85%的红点位于水池中,15%位于滑道中;没有发现任何红点位于溪流中。红点总长度的中位数为 80 厘米(范围:43-580 厘米;n = 11),总面积的中位数为 0.20 平方米(范围:0.01-2.09 平方米;n = 11)。盆中主要基质的中位尺寸为 0.65 厘米(范围:0.20-2 厘米),尾部基质的中位尺寸为 1.25 厘米(范围:0.50-2.00 厘米)。红点的中位水深为 27.5 厘米(范围:12-98 厘米)。这些结果首次描述了这种自生鲑鱼产卵巢的特征。
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引用次数: 0
Seasonal trophic niche width and overlap of mottled sculpin and brown trout in a regulated high-elevation river 一条受管制的高海拔河流中斑鳞鲑和褐鳟鱼的季节性营养龛宽度和重叠情况
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12793
Nitsa M. Platis, Yoichiro Kanno, Brett M. Johnson, Brien P. Rose

In temperate ecosystems, resource availability fluctuates seasonally due to changes in environmental conditions and productivity. Intra- and inter-specific trophic niche overlap under resource limitation is a measure of competitive interactions and influences species coexistence and community dynamics, but patterns of this overlap are influenced by anthropogenic activities. To investigate seasonal trophic niche dynamics of coexisting fish species in a flow-altered river, we analysed prey resources, stomach content samples and stable isotope signatures of mottled sculpin Cottus bairdii and juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta in the Blue River, Colorado, USA, a high-elevation oligotrophic river. Prey biomass (i.e. benthic macroinvertebrates) peaked in spring and declined through summer and autumn. Stomach content and stable isotope analysis results showed that diet composition of mottled sculpin and brown trout varied seasonally in response to changes in prey availability. Stomach content analysis results revealed that in autumn, both species exhibited the highest frequency of empty stomachs and expanded population trophic niches due to increased inter-individual diet variation despite decreased individual trophic niche breadth. Inter-specific trophic niche overlap was relatively high across all seasons, but the lowest degree of overlap occurred in autumn of both years when prey availability was lowest. Isotopic analysis revealed similar trends to stomach content analysis, of wider isotopic niches and reduced overlap in autumn compared to spring. Our data indicated that seasonal variation affected individual- and population-level trophic niche dynamics and inter-specific niche overlap between mottled sculpin and brown trout. This trophic segregation under resource limitation may serve as a mechanism that facilitates species coexistence in a flow-regulated, oligotrophic river.

在温带生态系统中,由于环境条件和生产力的变化,资源可用性随季节而波动。资源限制下的种内和种间营养位重叠是竞争性相互作用的一种衡量标准,影响着物种共存和群落动态,但这种重叠的模式受到人为活动的影响。为了研究在流量改变的河流中共存鱼类物种的季节性营养生态位动态,我们分析了美国科罗拉多州蓝河(一条高海拔寡营养河流)中斑鳞鱼 Cottus bairdii 和幼年褐鳟 Salmo trutta 的猎物资源、胃内容物样本和稳定同位素特征。猎物(即底栖大型无脊椎动物)的生物量在春季达到高峰,并在夏季和秋季下降。胃内容物和稳定同位素分析结果表明,斑鳞鲑和褐鳟的食物组成随猎物可用性的变化而发生季节性变化。胃内容物分析结果表明,在秋季,尽管个体营养位广度下降,但由于个体间食性差异增加,这两个物种表现出最高的空胃频率和扩大的种群营养位。在所有季节中,种间营养位重叠度相对较高,但重叠度最低的年份出现在猎物可获得性最低的秋季。同位素分析显示了与胃内容物分析类似的趋势,即秋季与春季相比,同位素生态位更宽,重叠度更低。我们的数据表明,季节变化影响了个体和种群水平的营养位动态以及斑鳞鲃和褐鳟鱼之间的营养位重叠。这种资源限制下的营养隔离可能是促进物种在流量调节的寡营养河流中共存的一种机制。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple secondary contacts and historic hybridization between glacial lineages of charr (Salvelinus, Salmonidae) in northeastern Asia 东北亚鲑鱼冰川系之间的多次二次接触和历史性杂交
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12788
Evgeniia I. Bondar, Alla G. Oleinik, Andrey D. Kukhlevsky, Lubov A. Skurikhina, Natalia M. Batishcheva, Alexander F. Kirillov

Arctic regions of northeastern Asia represent areas of secondary contact of the glacial phylogenetic lineages of charrs belonging to the genus Salvelinus (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae). However, the post-glacial dispersion of charr across Arctic regions is poorly understood, as knowledge of populations from Chukotka and its neighbouring areas remains limited. Specifically, there is no clear understanding of which charr species inhabit significant regions of Chukotka from the sea coasts to the Kolyma drainage. In this study, we explored the affiliation of lacustrine charrs from the Chukotka area with (1) the Arctic lineage of Taranetz' charr (Salvelinus taranetzi); (2) the Bering lineage of Northern Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma malma) and (3) the Siberia and Atlantic lineages of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). We analysed sequence variation of the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA CR; 960 base pairs) and genotyped seven microsatellite loci of nuclear DNA from charr collected at 13 sampling sites. We found different consequences of secondary contact: (1) complete fixation of introgressed mtDNA (mitochondrial capture) and (2) preservation of several mtDNA lineages with the absence of contemporary gene flow between resident populations. Combining the distribution patterns, phylogenetic network topology and knowledge of the glaciation history of the region, we propose two zones of secondary contact of the glacial lineages in Chukotka–Kolima-Chukotka River system and Paleo-Amguema River–from where charrs with introgressed genomes spread throughout this range. However, in some cases, the process of foreign mtDNA capture likely occurs in a more localised manner.

亚洲东北部的北极地区是鲑形目鲑科鲑属冰川系统发育系的二次接触地区。然而,由于对楚科奇及其邻近地区鲑鱼种群的了解仍然有限,人们对冰川期后鲑鱼在北极地区的扩散情况知之甚少。具体来说,对于楚科奇从海岸到科雷马河流域的重要地区栖息着哪些鲑鱼物种还没有明确的了解。在这项研究中,我们探讨了楚科奇地区的湖泊红点鲑与以下物种的隶属关系:(1)塔拉涅兹红点鲑的北极系;(2)北多尔瓦登鱼(Salvelinus malma malma)的白令系;(3)北极红点鲑(Salvelinus alpinus)的西伯利亚系和大西洋系。我们分析了线粒体 DNA 控制区(mtDNA CR;960 碱基对)的序列变异,并对 13 个采样点采集的北极鲑的核 DNA 的 7 个微卫星位点进行了基因分型。我们发现了二次接触的不同后果:(1)引入的 mtDNA 完全固定(线粒体捕获);(2)保留了几个 mtDNA 系,但在居民种群之间没有当代基因流。结合分布模式、系统发育网络拓扑结构和对该地区冰川历史的了解,我们提出了楚科奇-科利马-楚科奇河系和帕里奥-阿姆古马河两个冰川系的二次接触区,带有外源基因组的红毛鲑就是从这两个接触区扩散到整个楚科奇地区的。不过,在某些情况下,外来 mtDNA 的捕获过程可能会以更局部的方式发生。
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引用次数: 0
Heterospecific sociability and foraging behaviour of an invasive livebearer fish 外来活体鱼的异种群居性和觅食行为
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12785
Isabel Salazar-Rueda, Sebastian Gomez-Maldonado, Morelia Camacho-Cervantes

Heterospecific sociability could enhance invasion success in social species since social non-natives usually belong to small founding populations during the early stages of invasion. The twospot livebearer (Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus) is native to Central America and southern Mexico and is recently recognised as invasive in the Mexican Central Plateau, where it poses a threat to native species. Here, we evaluated twospot livebearer sociability towards either a conspecific pair or a shoal of four fish with one of four possible compositions, all conspecifics or two conspecifics combined with either two guppies, two porthole livebearers or two twoline skiffias. In a second experiment, foraging time, latency to feed, first fish to begin foraging and aggressive interactions were recorded under the same social conditions used in the sociability experiment, with body size included as a covariate in both experiments. All focal twospot livebearers spent significantly more time with the given shoals rather than with the available space in the aquarium. They showed a higher tendency to associate with small shoals of conspecifics than with pairs. Larger twospot livebearers associated more, regardless of the social condition. Twospot livebearer fed more with porthole livebearers, less with guppies and similarly with twoline skiffias. Latency to forage did not vary significantly between social conditions. Twospot livebearers were involved in more aggressive interactions when with guppies or porthole livebearers than when with native twoline skiffias or conspecifics. Twospot livebearers could gain benefits from associating with natives and conspecifics, but not with other invasive poeciliids. Heterospecific shoaling behaviour with natives may enhance invasion success during early stages when conspecifics are scarce while associating with other invasive poeciliids could lead to increased competition. Further research is needed on heterospecific interactions of non-natives to better understand their behavioural role in invasion likelihood.

由于社会性非本地物种在入侵初期通常属于小型创始种群,因此异种社会性可能会提高社会性物种的入侵成功率。双斑活肤草(Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus)原产于中美洲和墨西哥南部,最近被认为是墨西哥中央高原的入侵物种,对当地物种构成威胁。在这里,我们评估了双斑活叉鱼对一对同种鱼或由四条鱼组成的鱼群的交际性,这四种鱼有四种可能的组成:全部为同种鱼或两条同种鱼与两条幌子鱼、两条舷窗活叉鱼或两条捻线鲃。在第二项实验中,在与交际性实验相同的社会条件下记录了觅食时间、觅食潜伏期、最先开始觅食的鱼以及攻击性互动,两项实验都将体型作为协变量。所有重点双点活体鱼花在给定鱼群上的时间明显多于花在水族箱的可用空间上的时间。与成对的同类相比,它们更倾向于与小群的同类交往。无论在什么社会条件下,体型较大的双斑活熊取胆都更多。双点活熊鱼与舷窗活熊鱼的摄食量更多,与河豚的摄食量较少,而与双线活熊鱼的摄食量相似。不同社会条件下的觅食潜伏期差异不大。与本地曙光鱼或同种鱼相比,曙光鱼与河鲀或舷窗鱼的互动更具攻击性。双栉水母能从与本地栉水母和同种栉水母的交往中获益,但不能从与其他入侵栉水母的交往中获益。在同种生物稀少的早期阶段,与本地生物的异种群聚行为可能会提高入侵的成功率,而与其他入侵栉水母类的群聚行为可能会导致竞争加剧。需要进一步研究非本地物种的异种相互作用,以更好地了解它们在入侵可能性中的行为作用。
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引用次数: 0
A comparative study of the alternative life history of iteroparous salmonids 对迭代鲑鱼替代生活史的比较研究
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12786
Robert J. Lennox, Cecilie I. Nilsen, Lotte S. Dahlmo, Saron Berhe, Bjorn T. Barlaup, Erik Straume Normann, Yngve Landro, Kim Birnie-Gauvin, Steven J. Cooke, Knut Wiik Vollset

The kelt phase of anadromous iteroparous salmonid life history remains mysterious, particularly aspects of their habitat use and factors influencing survival. Atlantic salmon and sea-run brown trout were captured in the estuary during their return migration to the Vosso River, Norway, tagged with acoustic transmitters, and tracked in the watershed and estuary in three different years (2020–2023). We found a relatively narrow window of river exit timing among trout that survived overwinter, whereas salmon tended to leave during a more protracted period. Trout preferred overwintering in lakes within the river system, which provided for lower locomotor activity than fish that overwintered in pools in the river according to data from tri-axial accelerometer transmitters. In contrast, Atlantic salmon tended to spend surprisingly little time in lakes even though the energy expenditure in this habitat is was seemingly lower for salmon that did overwinter in the lake. Our results demonstrate different use of habitat during overwintering and could suggest that measures to protect iteroparous life history strategies of salmonids will differently impact these two iteroparous salmonids.

溯河洄游的迭代鲑科鱼类生活史的开化阶段仍然很神秘,特别是它们对栖息地的利用和影响存活的因素。我们在大西洋鲑鱼和海流褐鳟鱼返回挪威沃索河的洄游过程中在河口捕获了它们,用声学发射器对它们进行了标记,并在三个不同年份(2020-2023 年)在流域和河口对它们进行了追踪。我们发现,越冬存活的鳟鱼离开河流的时间窗口相对较窄,而鲑鱼离开河流的时间往往更长。根据三轴加速度计发射器的数据,鳟鱼更喜欢在河流系统内的湖泊中越冬,这使其运动活动量低于在河流水池中越冬的鱼类。与此相反,大西洋鲑在湖泊中度过的时间却出奇地少,尽管在湖泊中越冬的大西洋鲑在这一栖息地的能量消耗似乎更低。我们的研究结果表明,鲑鱼在越冬期间对栖息地的利用方式不同,这可能表明,保护鲑鱼迭代生活史策略的措施将对这两种迭代鲑鱼产生不同的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Individual activity levels and presence of conspecifics affect fish passage rates over an in-flume barrier 个体活动水平和同类的存在影响鱼类通过水槽内障碍物的速度
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12787
Daniel Nyqvist, Fabio Tarena, Alessandro Candiotto, Claudio Comoglio

Dams and other in-stream obstacles disrupt longitudinal connectivity and hinder fish from moving between habitats. Fishways and other fish passage solutions are used to pass fish over these artificial migration barriers. Fish passage functionality, however, varies greatly with fish passage design and environmental conditions and depends on fish species and characteristics. In particular, swimming performance and fish behaviour are considered key characteristics to predict fish passage performance. It is also well known, but not well quantified, that the presence of conspecifics affects fish passage behaviour. In this study, we quantified individual passage rates of PIT-tagged gudgeons (Gobio gobio) over a scaled deep side notch weir in an hydraulic flume. We then quantified individual swimming capability (time to fatigue) and activity level (distance moved in an open field test) for the same individual fish and tested for potential effects on fish passage rate. To check for potential group effects, we then repeated the passage experiment for fish individually or in groups of five. More active fish displayed higher passage rates compared to less active fish, and fish passed the obstacle at higher rates in groups of five compared to alone. No effect of fish swimming capability on passage rates was detected. This result highlights the need to take both individual variation as well as the presence and behaviour of conspecifics into account in fish passage studies and evaluations. Doing so has the potential to improve the understanding of fish behaviour, and in the end, the design of fish passage solutions. Future studies should explore these results on free ranging fish and in relation to in-situ fish passage solutions.

水坝和其他溪流中的障碍物会破坏纵向连接,阻碍鱼类在栖息地之间移动。鱼道和其他鱼类通道解决方案被用来让鱼类越过这些人工洄游障碍。然而,鱼道的功能因鱼道设计和环境条件的不同而有很大差异,并取决于鱼类的种类和特性。特别是,游泳性能和鱼类行为被认为是预测鱼类通道性能的关键特征。众所周知,同种鱼类的存在会影响鱼类的通过行为,但这一点尚未得到很好的量化。在这项研究中,我们量化了带有 PIT 标记的鰕虎鱼(Gobio gobio)通过水槽中按比例缩放的深边缺口堰的个体通过率。然后,我们对相同个体鱼类的个体游泳能力(疲劳时间)和活动水平(在露天场地测试中的移动距离)进行了量化,并测试了对鱼类通过率的潜在影响。为了检测潜在的群体效应,我们对单条鱼或五条一组的鱼重复了通过实验。与活动较少的鱼相比,活动较多的鱼通过率更高;与单独通过障碍物相比,五人一组的鱼通过率更高。没有发现鱼的游动能力对通过率有影响。这一结果突出表明,在鱼类通过研究和评估中,需要考虑个体差异以及同类的存在和行为。这样做有可能增进对鱼类行为的了解,最终设计出鱼类通过的解决方案。未来的研究应针对自由活动的鱼类以及与原地鱼类通道解决方案相关的鱼类探讨这些结果。
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引用次数: 0
The wash zone and habitat use among three benthic fish species in stratified lakes 分层湖泊中三种底栖鱼类的冲洗区和生境利用
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12783
Mark S. Ridgway, Allan H. Bell, Trevor A. Middel, Mathew G. Wells, Courtney E. Taylor, Krystal Mitchell, Nick A. Lacombe

Mixing processes in lakes are important in determining sedimentation zones and in setting the so-called “wash zone”, the area of lake bottom in contact with an oscillating thermocline during wind-driven internal seiche events. The wash zone also aligns with a sharp change in sediment roughness and hardness. Taken together, these rapid changes in temperature and sediment indicate that the wash zone is a distinctive ecotone in stratified lakes. Depth stratified randomised netting was used to develop count-based habitat use models for three common benthic fish species as a function of depth or temperature covariates. Using data from two lakes with quite different wash zone depths, we show the wash zone to describe fish habitat for two of three benthic fish species by utilising the top 50% of estimated fish abundance as an indicator of habitat use. White sucker (Catostomus commersoni) habitat use was within the boundaries of the wash zone. Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) habitat was adjacent and within the wash zone. Longnose sucker (C. catostomus) habitat use was in the deep areas of lakes dominated by sediment focusing and did not overlap white sucker. Lake whitefish habitat use overlapped both catostomids, but peak abundance of both lake whitefish and white sucker overlapped pointing to potential interactions between these species. Smaller lakes have less vigorous mixing processes and a narrower wash zone, so with a decline in lake size the likely area of the wash zone as habitat for benthic feeding fish would become smaller.

湖泊中的混合过程对于确定沉积带和设定所谓的 "冲刷带 "非常重要,所谓的 "冲刷带 "是指在风力驱动的内海冲刷事件中,湖底与摆动的温跃层接触的区域。冲刷区还与沉积物粗糙度和硬度的急剧变化相一致。综合来看,温度和沉积物的这些快速变化表明,冲刷区是分层湖泊中一个独特的生态区。利用深度分层随机撒网法为三种常见底栖鱼类建立了基于计数的生境利用模型,并将其作为深度或温度协变量的函数。利用两个冲洗区深度迥异的湖泊的数据,我们显示冲洗区利用估计鱼类丰度的前 50%作为栖息地利用指标,描述了三种底栖鱼类中两种鱼类的栖息地。白胭脂鱼(Catostomus commersoni)的栖息地使用范围在冲洗区的边界内。湖白鲑(Coregonus clupeaformis)的栖息地位于冲洗区附近和冲洗区内。长吻吮吸鱼(C. catostomus)的栖息地位于沉积物集中的湖泊深处,与白吮吸鱼的栖息地不重叠。湖白鲑的栖息地与两种鲶科鱼类重叠,但湖白鲑和白吮吸鱼的丰度峰值重叠,表明这些物种之间可能存在相互作用。较小的湖泊混合过程不太活跃,冲洗区也较窄,因此随着湖泊面积的减少,作为底栖觅食鱼类栖息地的冲洗区面积可能会变小。
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling climatic niches for deeper insights into invasion potential and enhanced distribution models of freshwater fishes 揭示气候生态位,深入了解淡水鱼类的入侵潜力并改进其分布模型
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12784
Arif Jan, Guillermo Giannico, Ivan Arismendi, Rebecca Flitcroft

Introduced species may exhibit variations in their preferred climatic niches between their native and introduced ranges, which can have important implications for the transferability of distribution models. In the Himalayan ecoregion, little is known about the geographic distribution and climatic niche overlap between native and introduced cold-water species. Here, we used the COUE (centroid shift, overlap, unfilling, and expansion) framework to explore the invasive potential of rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown (Salmo trutta fario) trout and corresponding climatic niche overlap with native snow trout (Schizothorax plagiostomus and Schizothorax richardsonii) in the Indus and Ganges River basins. Although we found more stability in the climatic niche for O. mykiss (93%) than S. trutta (58%), both species do not conserve their climatic niches in this region (p > 0.05). S. trutta has expanded more toward new environmental conditions (42%) compared to O. mykiss (7%). However, there are still available environmental gaps that O. mykiss and S. trutta can potentially occupy in the future. There was a higher overlap in climatic niches between S. plagiostomus and O. mykiss and between S. richardsonii and S. trutta. Observed shifts in climatic niches of these introduced species can negatively affect the transferability of distribution models, which may underestimate the assessments of habitat suitability for introduced trout in the Himalayas. Our study demonstrates that the information on climatic niche dynamics can inform the model-building process and improve the transferability and predictive performance to better assess vulnerability of sensitive habitats to introduced species in the Himalayas and elsewhere.

引进物种在其原生地和引进地之间可能会在其偏好的气候生态位方面表现出差异,这可能会对分布模型的可转移性产生重要影响。在喜马拉雅生态区,人们对原生和引入的冷水物种之间的地理分布和气候生态位重叠知之甚少。在此,我们利用 COUE(中心点移动、重叠、不填充和扩展)框架探讨了印度河和恒河流域虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)和褐鳟(Salmo trutta fario)的入侵潜力以及与本地雪鳟(Schizothorax plagiostomus 和 Schizothorax richardsonii)的相应气候生态位重叠。虽然我们发现 O. mykiss(93%)的气候生态位比 S. trutta(58%)更稳定,但这两个物种在该地区的气候生态位并不稳定(p > 0.05)。与 O. mykiss(7%)相比,S. trutta(42%)向新的环境条件扩展得更多。然而,O. mykiss 和 S. trutta 未来仍有可能占据一些环境空白。S.plagiostomus和O. mykiss之间以及S. richardsonii和S. trutta之间的气候生态位重叠程度较高。观察到的这些引入物种气候生态位的变化会对分布模型的可转移性产生负面影响,从而可能低估喜马拉雅山引入鳟鱼栖息地适宜性的评估。我们的研究表明,气候生态位动态信息可为模型建立过程提供信息,并提高可转移性和预测性能,从而更好地评估喜马拉雅山及其他地区敏感栖息地对引入物种的脆弱性。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental correlates with fish assemblage change and biotic homogenization across 40 years in an Ozark, Gravel-Bed river basin 奥扎克谷底河流流域 40 年间鱼群变化和生物同质化的环境相关性
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/eff.12781
George Gavrielides, Ginny L. Adams, S. Reid Adams, Matthew H. Connolly

Fish assemblages in freshwater ecosystems are becoming more homogenous from multiple abiotic, environmental, and physicochemical variables at different scales. Historical fish collections (1976–1977) by Billy Michael Johnson and Dr. Johnson K. Beadles were compared to contemporary fish collections (2018–2019) in tributaries of the Eleven Point River basin in Arkansas to examine patterns of fish assemblage change. Fish assemblage change variables were compared to pasture land use/land cover (LULC) at multiple scales and in-stream habitat variables to understand relationships and discover potential correlates suggesting biotic homogenization. Fish assemblages in the Eleven Point River basin of Arkansas have experienced significant spatiotemporal changes, and LULC change and habitat alterations may have influenced this process. Increased tolerant species and decreased intolerant species at sites contributed to biotic homogenization, particularly in pool habitats. Surprisingly, expansion of some intolerant fishes was also observed that tend to occupy riffles. Sites with high percentages of pasture LULC at finer spatial scales typically had more homogenised fish assemblages. We hypothesized gravel aggradation from local pasture land use has degraded pools and increased riffle habitat, resulting in homogenised fish assemblages in the Eleven Point River basin over the study period. Few studies link LULC, in-stream habitat, and biotic homogenization when examining fish assemblage change over time, and these dynamics can be particularly complex in upland streams experiencing gravel aggradation. Similar research in other upland, gravel-bed river systems would provide a broad understanding of the presented environmental associations.

不同尺度的多种非生物、环境和物理化学变量使淡水生态系统中的鱼类组合变得越来越单一。比利-迈克尔-约翰逊(Billy Michael Johnson)和约翰逊-K-贝德尔斯博士(Dr. Johnson K. Beadles)对阿肯色州十一点河流域支流的历史鱼类采集(1976-1977 年)与当代鱼类采集(2018-2019 年)进行了比较,以研究鱼类组合变化的模式。将鱼类组合变化变量与多种尺度的牧场土地利用/土地覆盖(LULC)和溪流生境变量进行了比较,以了解两者之间的关系,并发现表明生物同质化的潜在相关因素。阿肯色州十一点河流域的鱼类组合经历了显著的时空变化,LULC 的变化和栖息地的改变可能对这一过程产生了影响。在一些地点,耐受性物种增加,不耐受性物种减少,促进了生物同质化,尤其是在池塘栖息地。令人惊讶的是,还观察到一些不耐受的鱼类也在扩大,它们倾向于占据溪流。在更细的空间尺度上,牧场 LULC 百分比较高的地点,其鱼类组合的同质性通常更高。我们推测,当地牧场土地利用造成的砾石沉积使水池退化,增加了涟漪生境,从而导致研究期间十一点河流域鱼类种群的同质化。在研究鱼类组合随时间的变化时,很少有研究将 LULC、溪流栖息地和生物同质化联系起来,而在经历砾石侵蚀的高地溪流中,这些动态变化尤为复杂。在其他高地、砾石河床河流系统中开展类似研究,将有助于广泛了解所呈现的环境关联。
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引用次数: 0
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Ecology of Freshwater Fish
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