Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.041
Manvi Bajaj, Preksha Swami, Anshita Singla, Vanshika Mittal, J. Chawla, S. Jabin
The soil is a significant element of the landscape because it affects the crops, distribution of natural vegetation and human settlements across the landscape. Soil contains organic matter, liquids, gases as well as numerous microbes. Soil quality monitoring plays the most important role in sustainable crop production. Monitoring of soil using traditional methods requires many tests to be conducted in order to predict the soil quality. Soil testing entails the analysis of a soil sample from a specific land that includes estimation of pH, electrical conductivity for moisture content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) level, temperature, etc. There are many challenges for direct monitoring of soil quality in terms of its chemical, biological and physical characteristics. However, with the advancement in sensor technology, certain sensors for soil quality monitoring have been developed and commercially available too. In this paper, the design and development of available sensor monitoring system for remote monitoring quality of soil has been reviewed. The objective is to explore the different kinds of sensors systems that can be used for predicting soil quality. Internet of Things (IoT) based sensors are efficient, and provide quick results with lesser resources.
{"title":"Analysis of Contamination of Soil by Sensor Monitoring Systems: A Green Technology","authors":"Manvi Bajaj, Preksha Swami, Anshita Singla, Vanshika Mittal, J. Chawla, S. Jabin","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.041","url":null,"abstract":"The soil is a significant element of the landscape because it affects the crops, distribution of natural vegetation and human settlements across the landscape. Soil contains organic matter, liquids, gases as well as numerous microbes. Soil quality monitoring plays the most important role in sustainable crop production. Monitoring of soil using traditional methods requires many tests to be conducted in order to predict the soil quality. Soil testing entails the analysis of a soil sample from a specific land that includes estimation of pH, electrical conductivity for moisture content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) level, temperature, etc. There are many challenges for direct monitoring of soil quality in terms of its chemical, biological and physical characteristics. However, with the advancement in sensor technology, certain sensors for soil quality monitoring have been developed and commercially available too. In this paper, the design and development of available sensor monitoring system for remote monitoring quality of soil has been reviewed. The objective is to explore the different kinds of sensors systems that can be used for predicting soil quality. Internet of Things (IoT) based sensors are efficient, and provide quick results with lesser resources.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91227546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.038
S.D. Jadhav, M.S. Jadhav
Global warming is recognized by almost all atmospheric scientists as a significant environmental problem caused by an increase in levels of certain trace gases in the atmosphere since the beginning of the industrial revolution. While the effects of air pollution on materials, vegetation and animals can be measured, health effects on humans can only be estimated from epidemiological evidence. Air pollution is caused by a combination of gases and particulate pollutants such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen dioxide emitted from point sources such as factories and motor vehicles that burn fuel. Some gases emissions are visible to the eye and sometimes may even diffuse in to the atmosphere and become invisible. Here, for this study air pollution status from two places of Pune city was checked in the year 2021-22. Here, results show that the values of NOx and RSPM are beyond the permissible limit.
{"title":"Evaluation of Air Quality Parameters from Selected Sampling Stations of Pune City, Maharashtra (India)","authors":"S.D. Jadhav, M.S. Jadhav","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.038","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming is recognized by almost all atmospheric scientists as a significant environmental problem caused by an increase in levels of certain trace gases in the atmosphere since the beginning of the industrial revolution. While the effects of air pollution on materials, vegetation and animals can be measured, health effects on humans can only be estimated from epidemiological evidence. Air pollution is caused by a combination of gases and particulate pollutants such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen dioxide emitted from point sources such as factories and motor vehicles that burn fuel. Some gases emissions are visible to the eye and sometimes may even diffuse in to the atmosphere and become invisible. Here, for this study air pollution status from two places of Pune city was checked in the year 2021-22. Here, results show that the values of NOx and RSPM are beyond the permissible limit.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135507788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.013
A.K. Mohapatra, S.K. Swain, A.K. Dash, G.P. Mohanty, S.K. Mishra, None D. Behera
The experiment was conducted in the cattle shed of OUAT livestock farm. The shed was partitioned into two equal rooms by a brick wall each having the dimension of 25 x 30 ft size. In one part, 90% grade green shed-net was covered over the asbestos roof and five micro water sprinklers were fitted over the long axis of roof. The normal asbestos roof of other part of the shed was left as such. In animal housing the roof plays a primary role in the determination of thermal exchanges of heat in animals. The experiment was conducted for one week in hot summer during second week of May. Water was sprinkled over the shed-net covered asbestos roof for 10 minutes by help of a 0.5 hp electric motor pump at hourly intervals from 11AM to 3 PM during hot period of the day when outside ambient temperature raised above 36 0 C. The THI of the shed-net covered shed with water sprinkling was found to be within mild heat stress range (72-79) during the whole day with only 0.2 L mean decrease in average milk yield per cow over one week indicating a better microenvironment for cows in hot summer. But in case of the cows kept under normal asbestos shed there was a decrease of 0.43 L in average milk yield per cow over the same period indicating that moderate heat stress during noon period affected the productivity of cows to some extent.
{"title":"Effect of Water Sprinkling Over Shed-net Covered Cattle Shed on Shed Environment and Milk Yield of Cows During Summer Season","authors":"A.K. Mohapatra, S.K. Swain, A.K. Dash, G.P. Mohanty, S.K. Mishra, None D. Behera","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.013","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted in the cattle shed of OUAT livestock farm. The shed was partitioned into two equal rooms by a brick wall each having the dimension of 25 x 30 ft size. In one part, 90% grade green shed-net was covered over the asbestos roof and five micro water sprinklers were fitted over the long axis of roof. The normal asbestos roof of other part of the shed was left as such. In animal housing the roof plays a primary role in the determination of thermal exchanges of heat in animals. The experiment was conducted for one week in hot summer during second week of May. Water was sprinkled over the shed-net covered asbestos roof for 10 minutes by help of a 0.5 hp electric motor pump at hourly intervals from 11AM to 3 PM during hot period of the day when outside ambient temperature raised above 36 0 C. The THI of the shed-net covered shed with water sprinkling was found to be within mild heat stress range (72-79) during the whole day with only 0.2 L mean decrease in average milk yield per cow over one week indicating a better microenvironment for cows in hot summer. But in case of the cows kept under normal asbestos shed there was a decrease of 0.43 L in average milk yield per cow over the same period indicating that moderate heat stress during noon period affected the productivity of cows to some extent.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.018
Ikkurti Gopinath
Policy interventions that promote food diversification aim to supply and provide access to nutrient rich foods apart from usually consumed staple crops. Small millets hold promise in ensuring food diversity and minimise food-energy malnutrition. Being good source of nutrients, they are the future of snack industry considering rise in health-conscious consumers. Barnyard millet is used for food and fodder. End use application of barnyard millet could be enhanced by information on genomic resources and germplasms available for application of breeding practices
{"title":"Genetic resources of barnyard millet: enhanced utilization in breeding programs","authors":"Ikkurti Gopinath","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.018","url":null,"abstract":"Policy interventions that promote food diversification aim to supply and provide access to nutrient rich foods apart from usually consumed staple crops. Small millets hold promise in ensuring food diversity and minimise food-energy malnutrition. Being good source of nutrients, they are the future of snack industry considering rise in health-conscious consumers. Barnyard millet is used for food and fodder. End use application of barnyard millet could be enhanced by information on genomic resources and germplasms available for application of breeding practices","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is bioreactor that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through metabolic activity of microorganisms under aerobic/anaerobic conditions. Study was carried out to test the performance of the cathodic electron acceptor and anodic electron donor which plays important role in microbial fuel cells for generation of electricity. The aim of our study is to explore these electricity generating bacteria. The two-chamber MFCs were used to conduct experiments. Total eight bacterial isolates were obtained from samples, out of which six isolates were prominent for generating electricity. The MFC was constructed and electricity generation was measured after various intervals. The effect of salt on MFC was studied, as well as source of carbon was altered, also the concentration of agarose was changed to study its effect. The bacterial isolate obtained from Warje waste water gave maximum 429mV. The series connection of five MFC chambers containing bacterial isolate from Warje waste water gave voltage of 65mV . The bulb (LED) glowed prominently at this voltage. Our results also indicated that searching and isolating bacteria that are more stable electricity producing bacteria could be a new strategy to for isolation and MFC from waste water treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation and Exploration of Electricity Generation by Microbial Fuel Cell Isolated from Warje Waste Water Treatment Plant, Pune, India","authors":"Swati Chandak, Vishal Dhundale, Anagha Lambat, Akanksha Patil","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.019","url":null,"abstract":"A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is bioreactor that converts chemical energy into electrical energy through metabolic activity of microorganisms under aerobic/anaerobic conditions. Study was carried out to test the performance of the cathodic electron acceptor and anodic electron donor which plays important role in microbial fuel cells for generation of electricity. The aim of our study is to explore these electricity generating bacteria. The two-chamber MFCs were used to conduct experiments. Total eight bacterial isolates were obtained from samples, out of which six isolates were prominent for generating electricity. The MFC was constructed and electricity generation was measured after various intervals. The effect of salt on MFC was studied, as well as source of carbon was altered, also the concentration of agarose was changed to study its effect. The bacterial isolate obtained from Warje waste water gave maximum 429mV. The series connection of five MFC chambers containing bacterial isolate from Warje waste water gave voltage of 65mV . The bulb (LED) glowed prominently at this voltage. Our results also indicated that searching and isolating bacteria that are more stable electricity producing bacteria could be a new strategy to for isolation and MFC from waste water treatment.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. In India, rice is the second major cereal crop with a production of 103.00 million metric tons in an area of 42.75 million hectares. The crop is suffering from a number of biotic and abiotic diseases. Among them, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (ex. Ishiyama) Swings et al. is one of the most important biotic diseases causing moderate to severe crop loss in Chhattisgarh. It has a serious constraint on rice production, especially for HYV where the yield losses are high more than 50% during severe infection. A field study was carried out during 2021-2022 at 07 villages of Raigarh district in Chhattisgarh. The lowest incidence was recorded in Jorapali (1.17%), while it was highest in Tarapur (28.71%). The relationship between PDI and temperature was negatively correlated, while a significant positive correlation was recorded between PDI with RH and the total rainfall. Five varieties were evaluated against BLB for their resistant reaction. The variety, MTU 1156, MTU 1010, and Sadhana were recorded as resistant; Sampada was moderately resistant while the variety Swarna was found to be moderately susceptible. Among the treatments used against BLB of rice, a minimum BLB incidence of 15.55% was recorded in streptocycline, followed by Kasugamycin (17.03%) and Bacterinashak (18.05%). The maximum disease incidence of 41.26% was recorded in untreated control followed by cow dung (22.20%). This information can be helpful for further study, and to develop suitable management strategy against the disease.
{"title":"Incidence of bacterial leaf blight of rice in Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh and its management","authors":"Prakash Dewangan, Bholanath Mondal, Alokesh Das, Rahul Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.056","url":null,"abstract":"Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. In India, rice is the second major cereal crop with a production of 103.00 million metric tons in an area of 42.75 million hectares. The crop is suffering from a number of biotic and abiotic diseases. Among them, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (ex. Ishiyama) Swings et al. is one of the most important biotic diseases causing moderate to severe crop loss in Chhattisgarh. It has a serious constraint on rice production, especially for HYV where the yield losses are high more than 50% during severe infection. A field study was carried out during 2021-2022 at 07 villages of Raigarh district in Chhattisgarh. The lowest incidence was recorded in Jorapali (1.17%), while it was highest in Tarapur (28.71%). The relationship between PDI and temperature was negatively correlated, while a significant positive correlation was recorded between PDI with RH and the total rainfall. Five varieties were evaluated against BLB for their resistant reaction. The variety, MTU 1156, MTU 1010, and Sadhana were recorded as resistant; Sampada was moderately resistant while the variety Swarna was found to be moderately susceptible. Among the treatments used against BLB of rice, a minimum BLB incidence of 15.55% was recorded in streptocycline, followed by Kasugamycin (17.03%) and Bacterinashak (18.05%). The maximum disease incidence of 41.26% was recorded in untreated control followed by cow dung (22.20%). This information can be helpful for further study, and to develop suitable management strategy against the disease.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135560411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.064
N.R. Amanchi, None S. Busa, None Bandaru V., P.S. Shetty
The aim of this work was to assess the effect of Glycel on Paramecium caudatum , Oxytricha fallax and Blepharisma intermedium as this herbicide is mostly used in home, garden, and commercial applications. Acute toxicity tests were carried out for 3 hours and probit analysis is used to calculate the LC 50 values which were 63.09 ppm, 977.23 ppm and 1047.12ppm against to Paramecium caudatum, Blepharisma intermedium and Oxytricha fallax respectively. Paramecium caudatum was found more sensitive among test species, Blepharisma intermedium was moderate and Oxytricha fallax was found relatively tolerant. Behavioural manifestations like speedy egesting of food vacuoles, erratic swimming, moving to corners of cavity block and loss of movement coordination were observed during acute exposure. The various sub-lethal concentrations of Glycel were used to evaluate food vacuole, contractile vacuole activity and macronuclear aberrations tests and these tests proved that protozoan ciliates can act as alternative models to pesticide toxicity studies.
{"title":"Acute toxicity effects of a herbicide, Glycel on freshwater ciliates Paramecium caudatum, Oxytricha fallax and Blepharisma intermedium","authors":"N.R. Amanchi, None S. Busa, None Bandaru V., P.S. Shetty","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.064","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to assess the effect of Glycel on Paramecium caudatum , Oxytricha fallax and Blepharisma intermedium as this herbicide is mostly used in home, garden, and commercial applications. Acute toxicity tests were carried out for 3 hours and probit analysis is used to calculate the LC 50 values which were 63.09 ppm, 977.23 ppm and 1047.12ppm against to Paramecium caudatum, Blepharisma intermedium and Oxytricha fallax respectively. Paramecium caudatum was found more sensitive among test species, Blepharisma intermedium was moderate and Oxytricha fallax was found relatively tolerant. Behavioural manifestations like speedy egesting of food vacuoles, erratic swimming, moving to corners of cavity block and loss of movement coordination were observed during acute exposure. The various sub-lethal concentrations of Glycel were used to evaluate food vacuole, contractile vacuole activity and macronuclear aberrations tests and these tests proved that protozoan ciliates can act as alternative models to pesticide toxicity studies.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135560442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The antioxidants and defense associated antioxidant enzymes associated with the entry of foreign bodies signal the first line of defense. In the present study, onion germplasm was analyzed for various biochemical parameters in response to inoculation Alternaria. porri for establishing role of antioxidant defense mechanism in onion for understanding their role in antioxidant-associated defense mechanism. The genotypes were categorized as resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible based on percent disease index (PDI). There were significant differences for all the parameters studied before and after inoculation. As compared to resistant genotypes, the susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes showed minimum total chlorophyll content at 3 weeks post-inoculation. The total phenol content in the leaf of resistant genotypes was high (246.4 mg GAE/100g FW) as compared to moderate susceptible (115.99 mg GAE/100g FW), susceptible (151.14 mg GAE/100g FW) and highly susceptible (146.60 mg GAE/100g FW) genotypes at 3 weeks post-inoculation (WPI). The antioxidant enzymes namely catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase production increased upto 3 WPI. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) was significantly high in resistant genotypes (9.80, 12.80 & 9.39 µmole/min/mg protein, respectively) as compared to moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes at 3 WPI. The study supports that antioxidant enzymes play a significant role in defense mechanism in conferring resistance against purple blotch and can be used as an effective bio-marker in resistance breeding against Alternaria porri .
{"title":"Exploring the role of elevated antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes in conferring resistance against Alternaria porri in onion germplasm","authors":"S.S.A. Chauhan, Sabina Islam, Lakshman Prasad, Shrawan Singh, None R. Ellur, B.M. Rout, B.S. Tomar","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.008","url":null,"abstract":"The antioxidants and defense associated antioxidant enzymes associated with the entry of foreign bodies signal the first line of defense. In the present study, onion germplasm was analyzed for various biochemical parameters in response to inoculation Alternaria. porri for establishing role of antioxidant defense mechanism in onion for understanding their role in antioxidant-associated defense mechanism. The genotypes were categorized as resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible based on percent disease index (PDI). There were significant differences for all the parameters studied before and after inoculation. As compared to resistant genotypes, the susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes showed minimum total chlorophyll content at 3 weeks post-inoculation. The total phenol content in the leaf of resistant genotypes was high (246.4 mg GAE/100g FW) as compared to moderate susceptible (115.99 mg GAE/100g FW), susceptible (151.14 mg GAE/100g FW) and highly susceptible (146.60 mg GAE/100g FW) genotypes at 3 weeks post-inoculation (WPI). The antioxidant enzymes namely catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase production increased upto 3 WPI. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) was significantly high in resistant genotypes (9.80, 12.80 & 9.39 µmole/min/mg protein, respectively) as compared to moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes at 3 WPI. The study supports that antioxidant enzymes play a significant role in defense mechanism in conferring resistance against purple blotch and can be used as an effective bio-marker in resistance breeding against Alternaria porri .","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135562479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.004
None S. Dutta, None S.A. Dhan, Sk. Najim Uddin, None B. Saha
In modern days the major problem faced during aquaculture including pisciculture and prawn culture is nutrient pollution. The Nitrate and Phosphate ratio, normally present in pond, with respect to O 2 is 106:16:1, i.e. the red field ratio. As a result of increasing nutrients, aquatic algae, especially the major population of phytoplankton is richly supplied with nutrients. Therefore, it leads to a huge amount of their growth those results in reduction in BOD level of aquatic ecosystems like pond, lake, coastal sea and estuaries leading to eutrophication. This event can easily be understood through the presence of phytoplankton in water. High amounts of phytoplankton are present in eutrophic water. Therefore, we can say that phytoplankton intensity is the indicator of Eutrophication.
{"title":"Phytoplankton as an indicator of Eutrophication","authors":"None S. Dutta, None S.A. Dhan, Sk. Najim Uddin, None B. Saha","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03.004","url":null,"abstract":"In modern days the major problem faced during aquaculture including pisciculture and prawn culture is nutrient pollution. The Nitrate and Phosphate ratio, normally present in pond, with respect to O 2 is 106:16:1, i.e. the red field ratio. As a result of increasing nutrients, aquatic algae, especially the major population of phytoplankton is richly supplied with nutrients. Therefore, it leads to a huge amount of their growth those results in reduction in BOD level of aquatic ecosystems like pond, lake, coastal sea and estuaries leading to eutrophication. This event can easily be understood through the presence of phytoplankton in water. High amounts of phytoplankton are present in eutrophic water. Therefore, we can say that phytoplankton intensity is the indicator of Eutrophication.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135562483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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