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Chemical Studies of Exotic Mango Cultivars under South Gujarat Agro-Climatic Conditions 古吉拉特邦南部农业气候条件下外来芒果品种的化学研究
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.030
Y. Desai, D. K. Sharma, R. Mangroliya, V.R Zala
The present investigation entitled “Performance of exotic mango cultivars under South Gujarat agro-climatic conditions” was conducted during 2018-19 at Agriculture Experimental Station, NAU, Paria and Center of Excellence on Post Harvest Technology, Department of Post Harvest Technology, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari. The experiment was taken on 15 year old exotic mango cultivars planted at 8 m spacing in square system and laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) repeated thrice with nine treatments. Among these cultivar Maya was found to be superior with respect to TSS, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar, total sugar and overall acceptability
本研究题为“外来芒果品种在南古吉拉特邦农业气候条件下的表现”,于2018-19年在巴黎国立农业大学农业实验站和纳夫萨里农业大学ASPEE园艺与林业学院收获技术系收获后技术卓越中心进行。本试验以15龄外来芒果品种为试验材料,采用完全随机设计(CRD), 9个处理,间隔8 m,重复3次。在这些品种中,玛雅在TSS、抗坏血酸、还原糖、总糖和总体接受度方面表现优异
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引用次数: 0
Removal of Fluoride using low-cost materials as an adsorbent 使用低成本材料作为吸附剂去除氟化物
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.064
Pappu K. Yadav, Ashutosh Kumar Singh
In the present work, locally available adsorbents such as Sugarcane Bagasse, Coconut Husk and Rice Husk were tested for defluoridation. The characterizations of the three adsorbents were carried out to study the effect of pH, different doses of adsorbent and variation in initial concentration of fluoride at constant temperature of 30±2 °C on removal efficiency of fluoride. It was observed that as the pH value increased, the removal efficiency increased to some time and later became constant in case of Sugarcane Bagasse at adsorbent dose of 0.5g/100 ml at contact time duration of 75 minutes. The removal efficiency decreased with gradual increase in initial fluoride concentration due to the capacity of adsorbent materials. The study revealed the applicability of low-cost adsorbents for the removal of fluoride from drinking water.
本研究以甘蔗甘蔗渣、椰子壳、稻壳等当地可获得的吸附剂为研究对象,进行除氟试验。对三种吸附剂进行了表征,研究了pH、不同吸附剂剂量以及在30±2℃恒温条件下氟初始浓度变化对氟去除率的影响。当甘蔗渣吸附剂用量为0.5g/100 ml,接触时间为75 min时,随着pH值的增加,去除率增加一段时间后趋于稳定。随着初始氟浓度的逐渐增大,除氟效率逐渐降低,主要受吸附剂容量的影响。该研究揭示了低成本吸附剂去除饮用水中氟化物的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Paddy Straw Management Practices 稻田秸秆管理方法
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.057
Amandeep Sharma, Mohit Singh, M. K. Rana, Pooja, R. Arya, N. Kumar, Abhivyakti, Manmohan Mittal, P. Rani
Paddy straw is one of the organic materials and natural residues obtained from the paddy crop. It is the third largest crop remanant obtained from the agriculture after sugarcane bagasse and maize straw. Storage of the surplus paddy straw, removal of entire straw from the field and very little time between the cultivation of the next crop are the major issues associated with paddy straw. Thus, stubble burning is a quickest, cheapest and easiest way to prepare field for the next crop. Burning of paddy straw results in extensive impact on both on and off farm, e.g., killing of useful microflora and fauna of the soil, losses of soil organic matter and contribution to harmful greenhouse gases including their harmful effects on human and animal health. Therefore, paddy straw burning is a major issue of environmental pollution also. Hence, need of the hour is to provide environment friendly alternatives to paddy straw instead of burning in open field. Paddy straw can be used as a source of energy, mulching material, biofuel, industrial raw material, fodder for animals, etc.
水稻秸秆是稻谷作物的有机材料和天然残余物之一。它是继甘蔗、甘蔗渣和玉米秸秆之后的第三大农业作物。水稻秸秆的主要问题是储存多余的水稻秸秆,将整个秸秆从田地中清除,以及种植下一季作物的时间间隔很短。因此,焚烧残茬是一种最快、最便宜、最简单的为下一季作物做准备的方法。焚烧稻秆对农场内外都造成广泛影响,例如,杀死土壤中有用的微生物群和动物群,损失土壤有机质,产生有害温室气体,包括它们对人类和动物健康的有害影响。因此,秸秆焚烧也是环境污染的一大问题。因此,迫切需要的是提供环境友好的替代品来代替露天焚烧的水稻秸秆。水稻秸秆可作为能源、地膜材料、生物燃料、工业原料、动物饲料等。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of seaweed and neemcake on growth and flowering attributes of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) in the plains of West Bengal 西孟加拉邦平原海藻和neecake对马铃薯生长和开花特性的影响
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.003
Karishma Maherukh, Kunal Adhikary, Alauddin Rahaman, Arun Kumar Pal
An experiment was carried to evaluate the effect of combined application of seaweed and neem cake on growth and flowering of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa)cv. Prajwal. The study was laid out under Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eleven treatments and three replications where different combinations of neem cake and seaweed were compared with control. The result of the experiment revealed that the application of neem cake and seaweed significantly affected the quantitative and qualitative characters of tuberose. Among all the treatments, treatment T11 (Seaweed 4g/m2 + Neem cake 0.4 kg/m2 ) was found most effective regarding the growth and flowering attributes in comparison to control. The treatment T11 (Seaweed 4g/m2 + Neem cake 0.4 kg/m2 ) also gave most promising result regarding vase life and spike yield.
通过试验研究了海藻与印楝饼配施对大白菜生长和开花的影响。Prajwal。本研究采用随机区组设计(RBD),采用11个处理和3个重复,将印楝饼和海藻的不同组合与对照进行比较。实验结果表明,印楝饼和海藻的施用显著影响了块茎的数量和质量性状。在所有处理中,与对照相比,处理T11(海藻4g/m2 +印楝饼0.4 kg/m2)的生长和开花特性最有效。处理T11(海藻4g/m2 +印楝饼0.4 kg/m2)在花瓶寿命和穗产量方面也表现出最有希望的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Design Development and Evaluation of Mini Tractor Operated Trencher 小型拖拉机挖沟机的设计、开发与评价
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.015
P. Rajaiah, C. Kumar, B. Laxman, B. Vennela, A. P. Reddy
The mechanization of Indian farms is imperative to enhance input use efficiency, reduce human drudgery, cost of production and to address issues of labour scarcity and timeliness of farm operations. Digging of trenches for laying pvc pipes in sprinkler and drip irrigation system has become drudgery by human labour, more expensive and time consuming. Commercially available machines are high capacity, more cost of operation and not affordable to the small and marginal farmers. To overcome this problems, a small tractor operated trencher was designed and developed. The developed trencher was evaluated in the field at a 1.5,2,2.5 km/h forward speeds. During field trails it was observed increase in forward speed from 1.5 to 2.5 km/h resulted in decrease in depth of trench, fuel consumption and capacity of auger. Increased in forward speed resulted in increase in length of trench.
印度农场的机械化对于提高投入物使用效率、减少人力劳动和生产成本、解决劳动力短缺和农场操作及时性问题至关重要。在洒水和滴灌系统中铺设pvc管道的挖沟已经成为人工的苦差事,成本高,耗时长。市售的机器容量大,操作成本高,小农户和边缘农户负担不起。为了克服这一问题,设计并研制了小型拖拉机挖沟机。开发的挖沟机在现场以1.5、2、2.5 km/h的前进速度进行了评估。在现场试验中,观察到前进速度从1.5 km/h增加到2.5 km/h,导致沟深、燃料消耗和螺旋钻容量下降。前进速度的增加导致壕沟长度的增加。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Covid -19 Pandemic on Green Industry 新冠肺炎疫情对绿色产业的影响
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.067
M. Babu, C. Hariharan, J. Gayathri, J. Sathya
The paper investigates the COVID-19 Pandemic’s impact on India’s Greenex industry. For this purpose, the present study selected the BSE Greenex Index from the BSE (Bomby Stock Exchange) of India. By using the logarithm to converted daily price into the daily returns for further analysis. Descriptive Statistics, ADF Test, Q-Q Plot and GARCH (1, 1) Model were used and its results showed that the BSE Greenex index recorded positive return with the highest return. The ADF Test confirmed that the data attained the Unit root at level difference. The study also found that the BSE Greenex Index were volatile throughout the COVID 19 Pandemic Period. Thus the study concluded that COVID 19 Pandemic influenced the Indian Greenex sectors, during the study period.
本文调查了COVID-19大流行对印度Greenex行业的影响。为此,本研究选择了印度Bomby证券交易所的BSE Greenex指数。采用对数法将日价格换算为日收益进行进一步分析。采用描述性统计、ADF检验、Q-Q图和GARCH(1,1)模型进行分析,结果表明,BSE Greenex指数为正收益,收益最高。ADF测试证实数据在水平差处达到单位根。该研究还发现,在新冠疫情期间,BSE Greenex指数波动较大。因此,该研究得出结论,在研究期间,COVID - 19大流行影响了印度的绿色行业。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on some Pteridophytes in Jajpur district, Odisha, India 标题印度奥里萨邦Jajpur地区一些蕨类植物的研究
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03s.004
Satikanta Sahoo, Ranindra Kumar Nayak
This paper deals with the studies of some Pteridophyes in Jajpur district of Odisha. A survey has been conducted during 2020-2022 in different areas of Jajpur district to document the pteridophytes. Extensive as well as intensive floristic studies have been conducted in these areas, voucher specimens have been collected, identified and preserved in the form of herbarium following standard methods. The results revealed 15 species of Pteridophytes under 11 genera and 11 families which not only fulfil the basic needs of the local people but also maintain ecological balance in this region. Further research is necessary to promote conservation of this biodiversity in this region.
本文对奥里萨邦贾浦尔地区的一些翼翅目昆虫进行了研究。2020-2022年期间,在Jajpur地区的不同地区进行了一项调查,以记录蕨类植物。在这些地区进行了广泛而深入的植物区系研究,并按照标准方法以植物标本室的形式收集、鉴定和保存了代金券标本。结果表明,该地区蕨类植物隶属于11科11属15种,不仅满足了当地居民的基本生活需要,而且维持了生态平衡。为促进该地区生物多样性的保护,有必要进行进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Statistics of Fish Catch from Gobind Sagar Reservoir by Fisheries Co-operative Society Chilt Thera, during four years Chilt Thera渔业合作社四年来Gobind Sagar水库渔获量统计
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03s.088
K. Lal
There are many reservoirs in India. Gobind Sagar Reservoir has been created by damming River Sutlej at village Bhakra in 1963. This reservoir is located in Himachal Pradesh, India. Fishermen working in this reservoir have organized themselves in the form of fisheries co-operative societies. Fisheries co-operative society Chilt Thera is one of these co-operatives. Data of fish caught by fisheries co-operative society Chilt Thera during September 2013 to December 2016, has been included in this study. Area of operations have also been fixed for different co-operatives by the state department of fisheries, for administrative reasons. Gill nets were applied during afternoon hours and collected next morning. Only licensed fishermen are allowed to catch the fish. Fishermen hand over their catch to their concerned co-operative which further sells the fish to the concerned contractors at the already fixed price. Close season was observed for two months during monsoon season every year, for fish conservation. Cirrhina mrigala was very less in catch (8 individuals weighing 20 kg). Labeo calbasu was not in catch of this co-operative, during this period. Catch of Ctenopharyn godonidella was very less. Fish catch was dominated by the Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp) and Cyprinus carpio (Common Carp). H. molitrix have got accidently entered in the reservoir. Seed stocking of Cyprinus carpio and Indian Major Carps is being done regularly.
印度有许多水库。Gobind Sagar水库是1963年在Bhakra村的Sutlej河上筑坝建成的。这个水库位于印度喜马偕尔邦。在这个水库工作的渔民以渔业合作社的形式组织起来。渔业合作社Chilt Thera就是其中之一。本研究纳入了2013年9月至2016年12月渔业合作社Chilt Thera捕捞的鱼类数据。出于行政上的原因,国家渔业部门还为不同的合作社确定了作业区域。刺网在下午使用,第二天早上收集。只有持牌的渔民才可以捕捞这种鱼。渔民将渔获物交给有关合作社,合作社再将渔获物以既定价格出售给有关承包商。每年季风季节有两个月为禁渔期,以保育鱼类。黄颡鱼(Cirrhina mrigala)的捕获量很少(8只,重20公斤)。在此期间,拉比奥·卡尔巴苏并没有受到这个合作社的控制。巨齿蛇的捕获量很少。鱼类以鲢鱼(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)和鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)为主。水蛭意外地进入了水库。鲤鱼和印度主要鲤鱼的种子放养正在定期进行。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of rice husk mulching on germination percentage, yield and economics of pea (Makhyatmubi) Pisum sativum L. 稻壳覆盖对豌豆发芽率、产量及经济效益的影响。
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.053
Tabuiliu Abonmai, Ksh. Manishwari Dev, A. A. Arche, M. S. Singh
Mulch can effectively minimize water vapour loss, soil erosion, weed problems and nutrient loss. Modification of soil microclimate by mulching favours seedling emergence and root proliferation. Organic mulches add nutrients to the soil when decomposed by microbes in the soil. A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2018 and the treatments comprised of one control (T1 -no mulch) and six levels of rice husk mulching viz, T2 (10q/ha), T3 (20q/ha), T4 (30q/ha), T5 (40q/ha), T6 (50q/ha)and T7 (60q/ ha) were laid out in RBD with three replications. The application of rice husk mulching 60q/ha (T7 ) had significant effect on the germination percentage of the crop. The highest number of pods, pods per plant and longest pod length were recorded in the treatment of rice husk mulching with 60q/ha (T7 ). The test weight was found to be non-significant. With respect to economics of yield production in pea, higher gross returns, net returns and returns per rupee invested (B:C ratio) was obtained by 60q/ha rice husk mulching as compared to the other treatments. From the present investigation it was observed that pea was found to perform better in rice husk mulching of 60q/ha.
覆盖物可以有效地减少水蒸气损失、土壤侵蚀、杂草问题和养分损失。覆盖对土壤小气候的改变有利于幼苗出苗和根系增殖。有机地膜被土壤中的微生物分解后,为土壤增加养分。在2018年rabi季进行田间试验,在RBD中设置1个对照(T1不覆盖)和6个稻壳覆盖处理,即T2 (10q/ha)、T3 (20q/ha)、T4 (30q/ha)、T5 (40q/ha)、T6 (50q/ha)和T7 (60q/ ha),共3个重复。施谷壳覆盖60q/ha (T7)对作物发芽率有显著影响。稻壳覆盖用量为60q/ hm2 (T7)时,单株荚果数、荚果数和荚果长最高。试验重量发现不显著。就豌豆产量生产的经济性而言,与其他处理相比,覆盖60季/公顷稻壳可获得更高的总回报、净回报和每卢比投资回报(B:C比率)。本研究发现,在60q/ha的稻壳覆盖条件下,豌豆表现较好。
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引用次数: 0
Sacred Groves of Badampahar Forest Range, Rairangpur Forest Division, Odisha, India 印度奥里萨邦rainangpur森林分部的Badampahar森林山脉的神圣树林
Q4 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.074
Subhadra Barik, Parvez, Arun Kumar Mishra, S. Sewak, Ashutosh Dey
The worship practices of indigenous people represent a symbiotic relationship between human beings and nature. Since old times conservation of biodiversity and natural resources has been an identical part of diverse cultures in different ways. Sacred groves are those patches of trees on forest land that are protected by local and Indigenous people with religious perspective and connotations. These are tracts of virgin forests with highly rich diversity, which have been protected by the traditional societies and indigenous communities since ages for their cultural and religious beliefs. Every sacred grove caries own myths, lore and legends which form the integral part of the sacred groves. These groves are distributed across the globe, and are diverse culturally. It recognizes them in different ways encoding various rules and regulations for their protection. India is rich in culture and tradition where sacred groves occur in different parts of Indian sub-continent viz., Central India, Western India, North-east India, etc. particularly where the tribal and ethnic communities live. Sacred groves play a vital role in biodiversity conservation and management. Several plants and animal species that are threatened in the wild are still well conserved in some of the groves. It also emphasizes that a number of medicinal plant species that are uncommon in wild forest lands, are abundant in many sacred groves. Furthermore, rare, threatened, endangered and endemic species are often concentrated in these groves. The religious belief of tribal and local communities plays an impressive role in utilization and conservation of flora and fauna of the particular region. Although, by the passage of time, adequate number of changes have taken place in the extension of the sacred groves, in their vegetation structure, people’s perception towards them and religious belief. The current study focused on documentation of all the sacred grooves of Badampahar Forest Range along with their floral and faunal composition. The study also aimed on documentation of all the traditional social beliefs associated to every listed sacred grove.
土著居民的崇拜习俗体现了人与自然的共生关系。自古以来,保护生物多样性和自然资源一直是各种文化以不同方式的相同组成部分。神圣的树林是那些由当地和土著人民保护的森林土地上的树木,具有宗教的观点和内涵。这些是具有高度多样性的原始森林,由于其文化和宗教信仰,自古以来一直受到传统社会和土著社区的保护。每一个神林都有自己的神话、爱情和传说,它们构成了神林不可分割的一部分。这些树林分布在全球各地,文化上也各不相同。它以不同的方式承认他们,为保护他们制定了各种规则和条例。印度拥有丰富的文化和传统,在印度次大陆的不同地区,即印度中部、印度西部、印度东北部等,特别是在部落和民族社区居住的地方,都有神圣的树林。圣林在生物多样性保护和管理中发挥着至关重要的作用。在一些树林里,一些在野外受到威胁的植物和动物物种仍然得到了很好的保护。它还强调了一些在野生森林土地上不常见的药用植物物种,在许多神圣的树林里是丰富的。此外,稀有、受威胁、濒危和特有物种往往集中在这些树林里。部落和地方社区的宗教信仰在利用和保护特定地区的动植物方面发挥了令人印象深刻的作用。虽然随着时间的推移,在圣林的扩展,在其植被结构,人们对他们的看法和宗教信仰发生了足够多的变化。目前的研究重点是记录巴达丹巴哈尔森林山脉的所有神圣沟槽及其植物和动物组成。这项研究还旨在记录所有与所列圣林有关的传统社会信仰。
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引用次数: 0
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Ecology, Environment and Conservation
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