Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.022
A. Prabha, A. Rajkamal, M. Senthivelu, S. Pragadeesh
Plantations are efficient sequesters of carbon and can mitigate the predicted rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration and future climate change. Trees can capture atmospheric CO2 through photosynthesis and store it in biomass with a turnover time of several decades. The present investigation was undertaken to study the carbon stock in biomass of important plantation species of clonal and seedling origin in the Southern agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. The existing stands of three different ages of a tree plantation were selected from within the available plantations on farmlands, and data on girth and height were recorded for all the trees. The results revealed that the total carbon stocks (537.8 Mg ha-1) was maximum under Eucalyptus clonal plantation of >6 years. Aboveground biomass was greater than belowground biomass, accounting for 79% of total biomass in Casuarina clonal plantation of > 5 years. Biomass carbon stock in Melia increased from 49.8 Mg C ha-1 in 1 to 4 years plantation to 95.5 Mg C ha-1 in >7 years old plantation. The findings explain the ability of clonal plantations of Casuarina and Eucalyptus in accumulating maximum biomass carbon stock.
人工林是有效的碳固存器，可以缓解预计的大气二氧化碳浓度上升和未来的气候变化。树木可以通过光合作用捕获大气中的二氧化碳，并将其储存在生物质中，周转期为几十年。本文对泰米尔纳德邦南部农业气候带重要的无性系和苗木人工林树种的生物量碳储量进行了研究。在现有人工林中选择3个不同林龄的现有林分，记录所有树木的周长和高度数据。结果表明:6年以上桉树无性系人工林的总碳储量最大，为537.8 Mg ha-1;5年以上木麻黄无性系人工林地上生物量大于地下生物量，占总生物量的79%。Melia生物量碳储量从1 ~ 4年人工林的49.8 Mg C ha-1增加到>7年人工林的95.5 Mg C ha-1。这一发现解释了木麻黄和桉树无性系人工林积累最大生物量碳储量的能力。
{"title":"Carbon Stock in Biomass of Important Plantations in the Southern Zone of Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"A. Prabha, A. Rajkamal, M. Senthivelu, S. Pragadeesh","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.022","url":null,"abstract":"Plantations are efficient sequesters of carbon and can mitigate the predicted rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration and future climate change. Trees can capture atmospheric CO2 through photosynthesis and store it in biomass with a turnover time of several decades. The present investigation was undertaken to study the carbon stock in biomass of important plantation species of clonal and seedling origin in the Southern agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. The existing stands of three different ages of a tree plantation were selected from within the available plantations on farmlands, and data on girth and height were recorded for all the trees. The results revealed that the total carbon stocks (537.8 Mg ha-1) was maximum under Eucalyptus clonal plantation of >6 years. Aboveground biomass was greater than belowground biomass, accounting for 79% of total biomass in Casuarina clonal plantation of > 5 years. Biomass carbon stock in Melia increased from 49.8 Mg C ha-1 in 1 to 4 years plantation to 95.5 Mg C ha-1 in >7 years old plantation. The findings explain the ability of clonal plantations of Casuarina and Eucalyptus in accumulating maximum biomass carbon stock.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81872971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.011
Karakambadi Vaishnavi, Devaraju, V. Srinivasa, D. Lakshmana, Y. Kantharaj, T. Singh, G. K. Latha
An experiment was carried out to assess genetic variability in thirty advanced breeding lines of brinjal during Rabi season 2021-2022 at the College of Horticulture, Mudigere. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of large variability for different characters under study. The genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation was high (>20 %) for the number of primary branches at 30 DAT, average fruit weight, whereas, plant height at 30 and 90 DAT, number of primary branches at 90 DAT, stalk length, fruit yield per plot, estimated fruit yield per hectare, dry matter content and fruit phenol content showed moderate GCV and PCV. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance (>20 %) in per cent of mean were recorded for plant height at 30 DAT, number of primary branches at 30 and 90 DAT, days to first flowering, average fruit weight, stalk length, fruit yield per plot, estimated fruit yield, dry matter content and fruit phenol content indicating that these traits are controlled by additive gene action. Therefore, studied characters may be included in assortment criterion for improvement in fruit yield per plant and yield contributing traits.
{"title":"Genetic Variability Studies in Advanced Breeding Lines of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) for Fruit Yield and Quality Parameters","authors":"Karakambadi Vaishnavi, Devaraju, V. Srinivasa, D. Lakshmana, Y. Kantharaj, T. Singh, G. K. Latha","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.011","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out to assess genetic variability in thirty advanced breeding lines of brinjal during Rabi season 2021-2022 at the College of Horticulture, Mudigere. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of large variability for different characters under study. The genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation was high (>20 %) for the number of primary branches at 30 DAT, average fruit weight, whereas, plant height at 30 and 90 DAT, number of primary branches at 90 DAT, stalk length, fruit yield per plot, estimated fruit yield per hectare, dry matter content and fruit phenol content showed moderate GCV and PCV. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance (>20 %) in per cent of mean were recorded for plant height at 30 DAT, number of primary branches at 30 and 90 DAT, days to first flowering, average fruit weight, stalk length, fruit yield per plot, estimated fruit yield, dry matter content and fruit phenol content indicating that these traits are controlled by additive gene action. Therefore, studied characters may be included in assortment criterion for improvement in fruit yield per plant and yield contributing traits.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79778308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rural women in India have always been viewed as a gender which is best suitable for household work and not as a conventional monetary contributor. In general, life is difficult for rural women but it’s even harder to live in mountains where basic requisite for living conditions such as potable water, fuel wood, cattle fodder, and hospital etc., never comes easy and leads to manual material handling of the tasks such as awkward or restrained heavy lifting, carrying, pushing, or tugging. It is amajor health concerns among rural women causing long-term suffering, disability, reduced productivity, and increased medical expenses among rural women due to the well-established risk factor of excessive physical labor. Present study investigates the probable catalysts pertaining to the physical health of rural women native to the mountainous region. 150 women from Amsore village of Uttarakhand were enrolled for this study. All the participants were evaluated using a semi-structured questionnaire for demographic profile and Borg scale of perceived exertion for activities impact assessment. Fetching water (100%), fodder collection (71.33%) and firewood collection (80%) were reported as the most exertion inducing tasks causing physical stress to the women. Low income, unemployment, and poverty, as well as inadequate education, poor sanitation, hazardous working environments, and a lack of access to health care, have been identified as major contributors to health disparities. In order to increase socio-economic contribution and lower the frequency of health injuries among women, these findings urge for preventive efforts and safety guidelines.
{"title":"Health Impact Analysis of Physical Workload on Rural Women Residing in Hilly Terrain of Uttarakhand","authors":"Anjali Juyal, Rekha Vyas, Hemu Rathore, Yeshwant Menaria","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Rural women in India have always been viewed as a gender which is best suitable for household work and not as a conventional monetary contributor. In general, life is difficult for rural women but it’s even harder to live in mountains where basic requisite for living conditions such as potable water, fuel wood, cattle fodder, and hospital etc., never comes easy and leads to manual material handling of the tasks such as awkward or restrained heavy lifting, carrying, pushing, or tugging. It is amajor health concerns among rural women causing long-term suffering, disability, reduced productivity, and increased medical expenses among rural women due to the well-established risk factor of excessive physical labor. Present study investigates the probable catalysts pertaining to the physical health of rural women native to the mountainous region. 150 women from Amsore village of Uttarakhand were enrolled for this study. All the participants were evaluated using a semi-structured questionnaire for demographic profile and Borg scale of perceived exertion for activities impact assessment. Fetching water (100%), fodder collection (71.33%) and firewood collection (80%) were reported as the most exertion inducing tasks causing physical stress to the women. Low income, unemployment, and poverty, as well as inadequate education, poor sanitation, hazardous working environments, and a lack of access to health care, have been identified as major contributors to health disparities. In order to increase socio-economic contribution and lower the frequency of health injuries among women, these findings urge for preventive efforts and safety guidelines.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84392671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.074
P. J. Khose, L. S. Vyvahare, S. Menon, K. Yadav, B. Divyavani, S. Patil
A field experiment using a randomized block design, eight weed management treatments, and three replications was carried out in the kharif of 2022 at the Division of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. To determine the economics and effectiveness of weed control measures for managing weeds in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.). The weed control techniques had a big impact on the weed restrictions.With pre-emergence application (PE) of pendimethalin 0.70 kg/ha combined with hand weeding, the weed density and biomass and greater weed control efficiency were consistently inferior at different stages of crop growth. This confirmed that pre-emergence herbicide application could effectively regulate the weeds emerging early in the season, and the actual controlling of weeds by it led to higher yield and B: C ratio.
{"title":"Effect of herbicides on weed control efficiency and Yield Response of Kharif Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in sandy loam soils of Punjab","authors":"P. J. Khose, L. S. Vyvahare, S. Menon, K. Yadav, B. Divyavani, S. Patil","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.074","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment using a randomized block design, eight weed management treatments, and three replications was carried out in the kharif of 2022 at the Division of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India. To determine the economics and effectiveness of weed control measures for managing weeds in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.). The weed control techniques had a big impact on the weed restrictions.With pre-emergence application (PE) of pendimethalin 0.70 kg/ha combined with hand weeding, the weed density and biomass and greater weed control efficiency were consistently inferior at different stages of crop growth. This confirmed that pre-emergence herbicide application could effectively regulate the weeds emerging early in the season, and the actual controlling of weeds by it led to higher yield and B: C ratio.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84703780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.071
Sushila, Naveena Denodia, U. Teotia, S. Kumari
Plant lices are tiny, soft-bodied arthropod insects which feed on sap of plants. Aphids are another name for these insects. They are members of the Aphidinae subfamily. Aphids fall into 60 genera and have roughly 400 species globally. In India, there are 25 genera with 125 species of aphids, while Uttarakhand (plains to very high altitudes) has 4 genera with 125 species of aphids. There are 65 different types of aphids, with the genus Aphidius having the most species overall. Aphids are greatly harming horticulture fruits and vegetables as well as agricultural crops. Temperature, humidity, and other environmental conditions affect its outbreak. Aphids are tiny, soft-bodied, viviparous, parasitic insects that lack wings and have wax secreting tubes on their abdomens. They can stunt plant growth, create plant galls, spread viral diseases to plants, and deform leaves, buds, and flowers. They have an impact on both plants, such as roses, lilies, and marigolds, as well as fruits and vegetables including mustard, cabbage, peas, potatoes, and beans. The mountainous area lacks data on the variety, ecology, and inventory of aphids. So an effort has been made to review the aphids diversity in India.
{"title":"Ecology and Diversity of Aphids: A Review","authors":"Sushila, Naveena Denodia, U. Teotia, S. Kumari","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.071","url":null,"abstract":"Plant lices are tiny, soft-bodied arthropod insects which feed on sap of plants. Aphids are another name for these insects. They are members of the Aphidinae subfamily. Aphids fall into 60 genera and have roughly 400 species globally. In India, there are 25 genera with 125 species of aphids, while Uttarakhand (plains to very high altitudes) has 4 genera with 125 species of aphids. There are 65 different types of aphids, with the genus Aphidius having the most species overall. Aphids are greatly harming horticulture fruits and vegetables as well as agricultural crops. Temperature, humidity, and other environmental conditions affect its outbreak. Aphids are tiny, soft-bodied, viviparous, parasitic insects that lack wings and have wax secreting tubes on their abdomens. They can stunt plant growth, create plant galls, spread viral diseases to plants, and deform leaves, buds, and flowers. They have an impact on both plants, such as roses, lilies, and marigolds, as well as fruits and vegetables including mustard, cabbage, peas, potatoes, and beans. The mountainous area lacks data on the variety, ecology, and inventory of aphids. So an effort has been made to review the aphids diversity in India.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85076070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.046
Davala Vijaya Sree, U. C., Lalit Kumar Sandhya
The field experiment entitled was “Influence of Phosphorus and Potassium levels on growth and yield of chickpea” conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.36%), available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (15.2 kg/ha) and available K (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out on Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice on the basis of one year experimentation. The treatments which are T1 : 20 kg/ha Phosphorus +10 kg/ha Potassium, T2 : 20kg/ha Phosphorus+20kg/ha Potassium, T3 :20kg/ha Phosphorus +30 kg/ha Potassium, T4 : 30 kg/ha Phosphorus +10 kg /ha Potassium, T5 : 30 kg/ha Phosphorus +20 kg /ha Potassium, T6 : 30 kg/ha Phosphorus +30 kg /ha Potassium, T7 : 40 kg/ha Phosphorus +10 kg /ha Potassium, T8 : 40 kg/ ha Phosphorus +20 kg /ha Potassium, T9 : 40 kg/ha Phosphorus +30 kg /ha Potassium are used. The results shown that the steady increase in growth attributes of Chickpea at 100 DAS viz., plant height (42.66 cm), Number of nodules per plant (6.33), Dry weight (29.17 g) were significantly higher in treatment 9 (40kg/ haphosphorus+30 kg/ha potassium). Also, treatment 9 with 40kg/ha phosphorus +30 kg/ha potassium recorded maximum number of Pods per plant (43.60), seeds per pod (1.93), Test weight (210.50 g), maximum Seed yield (2.49 t/ha), Stover yield (4.60 t/ha) and Harvest Index (34.99 %) compared to other treatments.
{"title":"Influence of Phosphorus and potassium on Growth and Yield of Chick Pea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Prayagraj Condition","authors":"Davala Vijaya Sree, U. C., Lalit Kumar Sandhya","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.046","url":null,"abstract":"The field experiment entitled was “Influence of Phosphorus and Potassium levels on growth and yield of chickpea” conducted during Rabi 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.36%), available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (15.2 kg/ha) and available K (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out on Randomized Block Design with nine treatments each replicated thrice on the basis of one year experimentation. The treatments which are T1 : 20 kg/ha Phosphorus +10 kg/ha Potassium, T2 : 20kg/ha Phosphorus+20kg/ha Potassium, T3 :20kg/ha Phosphorus +30 kg/ha Potassium, T4 : 30 kg/ha Phosphorus +10 kg /ha Potassium, T5 : 30 kg/ha Phosphorus +20 kg /ha Potassium, T6 : 30 kg/ha Phosphorus +30 kg /ha Potassium, T7 : 40 kg/ha Phosphorus +10 kg /ha Potassium, T8 : 40 kg/ ha Phosphorus +20 kg /ha Potassium, T9 : 40 kg/ha Phosphorus +30 kg /ha Potassium are used. The results shown that the steady increase in growth attributes of Chickpea at 100 DAS viz., plant height (42.66 cm), Number of nodules per plant (6.33), Dry weight (29.17 g) were significantly higher in treatment 9 (40kg/ haphosphorus+30 kg/ha potassium). Also, treatment 9 with 40kg/ha phosphorus +30 kg/ha potassium recorded maximum number of Pods per plant (43.60), seeds per pod (1.93), Test weight (210.50 g), maximum Seed yield (2.49 t/ha), Stover yield (4.60 t/ha) and Harvest Index (34.99 %) compared to other treatments.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82601476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.013
Arunima Biswas
Honey is a precious and sustainable natural resource. Ancient literatures belonging to early civilizations mention the use of honey by their physicians to treat patients with different symptoms, injuries or infections. The past few decades have witnessed various laboratories across the globe reporting their findings about the antimicrobial, wound-healing, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant and anti-tumour effects of natural honey. Unfortunately, its use in modern medicine is severely limited. Scientific community is largely sceptical of its curative impact. The complex chemical composition and different beneficial properties of honey vary with its floral origin. Recently it has come into focus that honey has a very promising role in ‘green nanotechnology’. Nanotechnology offers the opportunity to better exploit the potential of many natural compounds for application in nanomedicine. However, the classic nanotechnology synthetic approaches are often hazardous. Many nations are hence focusing on safer, easier, eco-friendly synthesis methods, using natural resources like honey. But in India, only a handful of laboratories are interested in exploring the immense valuable prospects of different varieties of honey available in different states.Every year only 30-40% of India’s natural honey is harvested for sale and export, while the rest simply dries up. This is a huge waste of a valuable research resource that holds great promise for the pharmaceutical industry and in sustainable health management.
{"title":"Potential of Honey in Sustainable Health Management","authors":"Arunima Biswas","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.013","url":null,"abstract":"Honey is a precious and sustainable natural resource. Ancient literatures belonging to early civilizations mention the use of honey by their physicians to treat patients with different symptoms, injuries or infections. The past few decades have witnessed various laboratories across the globe reporting their findings about the antimicrobial, wound-healing, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant and anti-tumour effects of natural honey. Unfortunately, its use in modern medicine is severely limited. Scientific community is largely sceptical of its curative impact. The complex chemical composition and different beneficial properties of honey vary with its floral origin. Recently it has come into focus that honey has a very promising role in ‘green nanotechnology’. Nanotechnology offers the opportunity to better exploit the potential of many natural compounds for application in nanomedicine. However, the classic nanotechnology synthetic approaches are often hazardous. Many nations are hence focusing on safer, easier, eco-friendly synthesis methods, using natural resources like honey. But in India, only a handful of laboratories are interested in exploring the immense valuable prospects of different varieties of honey available in different states.Every year only 30-40% of India’s natural honey is harvested for sale and export, while the rest simply dries up. This is a huge waste of a valuable research resource that holds great promise for the pharmaceutical industry and in sustainable health management.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82658640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papaya is botanically known as Carica papaya L. It belongs to Caricaceae family and it has chromosome number is 2n=18. Papaya is native to Tropical America. It was introduced in the 16th century in India. The term ‘Plant Growth Regulators’ is relatively new in use. In previous literature, these were revealed as Hormones. “Hormone” is a Greek word derived from “hormao” which means to stimulate. Thimonn (1948) optional the use of the term phytohormons in place of hormone of plants. He defined phytohormons as the organic substances which are formed naturally in plants, synthesized in one part and usually trans-located to other part of plants where in every small quantity effect on the growth and other physiological activates of the plants. The term growth regulator is used for the materials which work similar to phytohormons but synthetic in nature.
{"title":"Role of Plant Growth Regulators on Seed Germination of Papaya – A Review","authors":"Patel Shubh Jitendrabhai, Surinder Kumar, Kushagra Sharma, Joshi Yatharth Mukeshkumar","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01s.030","url":null,"abstract":"Papaya is botanically known as Carica papaya L. It belongs to Caricaceae family and it has chromosome number is 2n=18. Papaya is native to Tropical America. It was introduced in the 16th century in India. The term ‘Plant Growth Regulators’ is relatively new in use. In previous literature, these were revealed as Hormones. “Hormone” is a Greek word derived from “hormao” which means to stimulate. Thimonn (1948) optional the use of the term phytohormons in place of hormone of plants. He defined phytohormons as the organic substances which are formed naturally in plants, synthesized in one part and usually trans-located to other part of plants where in every small quantity effect on the growth and other physiological activates of the plants. The term growth regulator is used for the materials which work similar to phytohormons but synthetic in nature.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83380857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.015
Neelam Verma, S. Bhatnagar, B. Sharma, Sangeeta Singh
As the plant holds important medicinal value and is endangered due to poor tapping methods, over tapping and lack of insect pest and disease management strategy, present review tried to enlist insect pest and disease problems associated with the C. wightii to attract the researchers to look into its integrated management for saving this important asset of Rajasthan and Gujarat.
{"title":"Insect-pest and diseases disturbances associated with an endangered plant Commiphora wightii (Arnott) Bhandari in Western Region, India","authors":"Neelam Verma, S. Bhatnagar, B. Sharma, Sangeeta Singh","doi":"10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02s.015","url":null,"abstract":"As the plant holds important medicinal value and is endangered due to poor tapping methods, over tapping and lack of insect pest and disease management strategy, present review tried to enlist insect pest and disease problems associated with the C. wightii to attract the researchers to look into its integrated management for saving this important asset of Rajasthan and Gujarat.","PeriodicalId":11458,"journal":{"name":"Ecology, Environment and Conservation","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81179211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.53550/eec.2023.v29i02.056
G.P. Leelavathy, M. Naidu, T. G. Krishna, K.V. Ramana, V. Chandrika, P. Sudhakar
Agriculture is a dominant sector in Andhra Pradesh. It contributes 34 percent to the Gross domestic production, employs nearly 55 percent of the total labour force and generates the bulk of market exchange. Poor performance of the agricultural sector in relation to the fast-growing population, intensification of agriculture is the critical aim of the study to find land suitability for major crops of Varathuru watershed using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The objective is to assess the land suitability for major crops based on soil characteristics of Varathuru watershed. The depth-wise soil characteristics at soil series level used to arrive at site-soil characteristics for assessing crop suitability.The site-soil properties of soil series from the study area were matched with soil site suitability criteria for groundnut, redgram, sugarcane and rice crops that are grown in Varathuru watershed area and maps were generated by using ArcGIS V 10.3. Fifteen (15) soil mapping units at phase level were identified and were mapped into ten (10) soil series. The soil series VRT3 was highly suitable for growing groundnut, VRT1, VRT4, VRT5 and VRT8 soil series were moderately suitable for growing groundnut crop. VRT1, VRT3, VRT4, VRT5, VRT6, VRT7 and VRT8 soil series were moderately suitable for growing of redgram and VRT2 and VRT9 series were marginally suitable for growing of redgram crop. VRT1, VRT3, VRT4, VRT5 and VRT8 soil series were moderately suitable and VRT2, VRT6 and VRT7 soil series were marginally suitable for sugarcane growing. Whereas the soils of study area were not suitable for growing of rice crop.
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