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Accumulation of Beryllium in Bottom Sediments of Rivers in the Kizelovsky Coal Basin 基泽洛夫斯基煤炭盆地河流底部沉积物中铍的积累
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-66-71
N. Maximovich, V. Khmurchik, O. Berezina, A. Demenev, A. V. Tatarkin
The studies have been carried out on the accumulation of beryllium in bottom sediments of the river. Kosva (Western Urals, RF), which receives acidic waters from 8 water outflows, characterized by a sulfate iron-calcium composition, high mineralization and a significant beryllium content. It is concluded that a river suspension of colloidal size acts as a sorption barrier for beryllium, transported with the flow of water and gradually settling at the bottom. It is noted that the aggregation of particles among themselves with the formation of a larger suspension leads to the fact that, with distance from the source of pollution, a gradual increase in the beryllium content in coarse water suspension is observed with a decrease in the total beryllium content in water. It is recommended that the identified features of beryllium migration and accumulation be taken into account when developing environmental protection measures for the ecological rehabilitation of the river Kosvy.
对铍在河底沉积物中的积累进行了研究。科斯瓦河(乌拉尔西部,俄罗斯联邦)的酸性水来自 8 个水流出口,其特点是硫酸盐铁钙组成、矿化度高和铍含量大。研究得出的结论是,河流中胶体大小的悬浮物是铍的吸附屏障,随水流迁移,并逐渐沉降到底部。值得注意的是,颗粒之间的聚集形成了较大的悬浮液,这导致随着与污染源的距离增加,粗悬浮液中的铍含量逐渐增加,而水中的铍总含量则逐渐减少。建议在为科斯维河的生态恢复制定环境保护措施时,考虑已确定的铍迁移和累积特征。
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引用次数: 0
Screening of Key Biogeochemical Indicators of the Environment of Large Industrial Agglomerations (on the Example of the Moskovsky District of St. Petersburg) 筛选大型工业聚集区环境的关键生物地球化学指标(以圣彼得堡莫斯科夫斯基区为例)
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-44-49
M. Opekunova, A. R. Nikulina, A. Opekunov, S. Kukushkin, M.Yu. Fedkina
The ecological and biogeochemical indicators of the state of the environment on the territory of a large urban agglomeration on the example of the Moskovsky district of St. Petersburg are considers. In 2009–2015–2021, the pH, chemical composition of soils and bark of Populus balsamifera were studied, biotesting of soils using Daphnia magna and Chlorella vulgaris was carried out. An integral indicator of LTP (Landscape Total Pollution) pollution based on the Harrington desirability function was used. An analysis of changes in the state of the environment over the specified period, depending on the functional use of the territory, was given. The aggravation of long-term pollution of environmental components in conditions of increasing emissions from motor vehicles, which is induced by increasing concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn in soils and plants, is noted.
以圣彼得堡莫斯科夫斯基区为例,考虑了大型城市群境内环境状况的生态和生物地球化学指标。2009-2015-2021 年期间,研究了土壤和杨树树皮的 pH 值、化学成分,并使用大型蚤和小球藻对土壤进行了生物测试。使用了基于 Harrington 理想函数的 LTP(景观总污染)污染综合指标。根据领土的功能用途,对特定时期内环境状况的变化进行了分析。注意到在机动车排放量增加的条件下,环境成分的长期污染加剧,土壤和植物中铅、镉、锌、铜、镍、铁、锰的浓度不断增加。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis and Modeling of the Dynamics of Neutralized and Disposed of Industrial Production and Consumption Waste 中和与处置工业生产和消费废物的动态分析与建模
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-50-54
V.D. Bogatyrev, E. P. Rostova
The issues of modeling neutralized and disposed of waste from production and consumption of industrial production facilities are considered. The types of economic activities related to industrial production are considered: mining, manufacturing, supply of electricity, gas and steam;air conditioning. For these types of economic activity, statistical data on the volume of shipped products of own production, the volume of generated production and consumption waste, disposed and neutralized waste, and current environmental protection costs were analyzed. The general trends inherent in all types of economic activity under consideration, as well as the characteristic features of each of them, are revealed. Regression multifactorial models have been developed that reflect the impact of production volume and environmental protection costs on the amount of non-neutralized and non-utilized production waste.
对工业生产设施生产和消费过程中产生的废弃物的中和与处置模型问题进行了研究。与工业生产相关的经济活动类型包括:采矿、制造、电力、天然气和蒸汽供应、空调。对于这些类型的经济活动,分析了有关自产产品的运输量、产生的生产和消费废物量、废弃和中和废物量以及当前环境保护成本的统计数据。分析结果揭示了各类经济活动的总体趋势以及各自的特点。建立的多因素回归模型反映了生产量和环保成本对未中和和未利用生产废物数量的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the Current State of Water Resources and the Volume of Agricultural Waste Water in the Novoanninsky District of the Volgograd Region 伏尔加格勒州新万宁斯基区水资源现状和农业废水量评估
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-55-59
V.V. Ustinova, V.A. Suprun
An analysis of the current state of the water fund of the Novoanninsky district of the Volgograd region has been carried out, and the environmental, socio-economic features of its economic use have been conducted. The current potential of water resources in the area has been identified, and conclusions have been drawn about the need to take appropriate measures to improve the condition and protect the resources from pollution.
对伏尔加格勒州新罕布什尔州的水资源现状进行了分析,并对其经济利用的环境和社会经济特点进行了研究。确定了该地区目前的水资源潜力,并得出结论认为有必要采取适当措施改善水资源状况并保护其不受污染。
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引用次数: 0
Current Ecological State of the Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain Water Bodies (Using the Example of Dudachenok Shallow Channel) 伏尔加-阿赫图巴洪泛区水体的生态现状(以杜达切诺克浅滩为例)
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-60-65
A. Mezhevova
Current ecological state assessment of the water body located on the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain territory (Dudachenok shallow channel) after its environmental rehabilitation was carried out. It was found that almost all the studied indicators correspond to the approved quality standards with the exception of strontium – 4.5 mg/l (MPC – 0.4 mg/l (Order No. 552 dated December 13, 2016), MPC – 7 .0 mg/l (SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 No. 2 dated January 28, 2021)) and barium – 1.25 mg/l (MPC– 0.74 mg/l (Order No. 552 dated December 13, 2016), MPC – 0.7 mg/l (SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 No. 2 dated January 28, 2021)). It is concluded that it is possible to assign a hydrocarbonate class (predominant anion), calcium group (predominant cation) and second type to a water body. A study of bottom sediments revealed that chloride (36 mg/kg) is one of the predominant anions, calcium (27 mg/kg) and sodium (27 mg/kg) are the predominant cations, which agrees with the obtained water chemical composition data. Chemical and toxicological parameters of bottom sediments were analyzed. It was determined that the quantitative content of metals and pesticides does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations.
对位于伏尔加-阿赫图巴洪泛区境内的水体(杜达切诺克浅水河道)进行了环境恢复后的生态现状评估。结果发现,几乎所有研究指标都符合批准的质量标准,但锶除外 - 4.5 毫克/升(MPC - 0.4 毫克/升(2016 年 12 月 13 日第 552 号命令),MPC - 7 .0 毫克/升(SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 No. 2,2021 年 1 月 28 日))和钡 - 1.25 毫克/升(MPC - 0.74 毫克/升(552 号命令,2016 年 12 月 13 日),MPC - 0.7 毫克/升(SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 No.)由此得出结论,可以为水体分配碳氢化合物类(主要阴离子)、钙类(主要阳离子)和第二类。对底层沉积物的研究表明,氯化物(36 毫克/千克)是主要阴离子之一,钙(27 毫克/千克)和钠(27 毫克/千克)是主要阳离子,这与获得的水体化学成分数据一致。对底层沉积物的化学和毒理学参数进行了分析。结果表明,金属和农药的定量含量没有超过最高允许浓度。
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引用次数: 0
Experience in Assessing the Toxicity of Formation (Produced) Water of the LUKOIL-Ukhtaneftegaz RPC for the Environment 卢克石油-乌赫塔内石油天然气公司(LUKOIL-Ukhtaneftegaz RPC)地层(生产)水环境毒性评估经验
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-38-43
N.V. Maiachkina, L.G. Bakina, A.V. Briantsev, E.Ya. Yavid, V.A. Myazin, S.A. Gorokhov, R.A. Lashkov
The chemical composition and toxicity for living organisms-aquatic organisms of reservoir (waste) and surface (for injection into reservoir) waters of production facilities of the LUKOIL-Ukhtaneftegaz RPC were studied. It has been established that highly mineralized formation waters have acute toxicity for daphnia, green unicellular algae and fish fry, which is eliminated by diluting the samples 2–100 times. Indicators of the Lethal Dilution Ratio of LDR50 and lethal concentrations of LC50 of the studied water samples were calculated for test organisms, which ranged from 10,780 to 27,910 mg/l, averaging 21,140 mg/l. It was concluded that the studied samples of formation water, which differ significantly (by 3–4 orders of magnitude) in a positive direction from the standard LC50 concentration of 10 mg/l, cannot be classified as substances that pose a hazard to the natural environment.
研究了卢克石油-乌赫塔内石油天然气公司(LUKOIL-Ukhtaneftegaz RPC)生产设施的储层水(废水)和地表水(注入储层)的化学成分和对生物-水生生物的毒性。结果表明,高矿化度的地层水对水蚤、单细胞绿藻和鱼苗具有急性毒性,将样品稀释 2-100 倍后即可消除毒性。计算了所研究水样对试验生物的致死稀释比 LDR50 指标和致死浓度 LC50,其范围为 10,780 至 27,910 毫克/升,平均为 21,140 毫克/升。结论是,所研究的地层水样本与 10 毫克/升的标准半数致死浓度有显著的正向差异(3-4 个数量级),不能被归类为对自然环境造成危害的物质。
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引用次数: 0
Enrichment of Iron-containing Concentrate with Ammonium Hydrofluoride 用氟氢化铵富集含铁浓缩物
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-22-26
L. Delitsyn, R. Kulumbegov, N. N. Klimenko, O. Popel, M. Sulman, V.A. Sinelschikov, G.A. Sychev, K.S. Petropavlovsky
The rationality of using ash and slag waste from coal-fired TPP to obtain high-quality iron-containing concentrate (FC) is demonstrated. Using the method of wet magnetic separation of ash and slag waste from TPP, FC is extracted with Fe2O3 content of 59.2 %. It has been established that the method of chemical enrichment with ammonium hydrofluoride can increase the Fe2O3 content in FC to 79 %; a by-product of the reaction between FC and NH4F•HF is high-quality amorphous silica (white soot). The effect of process temperature on the composition of the resulting FC has been studied, at that the phase composition of iron oxides remains virtually unchanged. Optimal modes of the process are proposed.
证明了利用燃煤发电厂的灰渣废料获得优质含铁精矿(FC)的合理性。采用湿法磁选 TPP 灰渣废料的方法,提取的 FC 中 Fe2O3 含量为 59.2%。实验证明,用氢氟酸铵进行化学富集的方法可将 FC 中的 Fe2O3 含量提高到 79%;FC 与 NH4F-HF 反应的副产品是高质量的无定形二氧化硅(白烟)。在铁氧化物的相组成几乎保持不变的情况下,研究了工艺温度对所得 FC 组成的影响。提出了最佳工艺模式。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Technologies for Degassing MSW Landfill by Visualization of Isolines of Concentrations of Biogas Components 通过对沼气成分浓度等值线的可视化分析 MSW 垃圾填埋场脱气技术
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-32-37
A. M. Gonopolsky, I.M. Ostrovkin, A.I. Shirochenkov
To detail the distribution of biogas components by height from the surface of landfill, this article proposes a method for visualizing multidimensional data that complements the flat map of field measurements of gas generation with a vertical coordinate reflecting the isolines of concentrations of biogas components by height above the landfill surface. The three-dimensional surface obtained by combining the data of field measurements of gas generation and calculations, according to empirical models, of isolines of concentrations in height, visualizes the zone of the atmosphere of the MSW landfill.
为了详细说明沼气成分在垃圾填埋场表面不同高度的分布情况,本文提出了一种多维数据可视化方法,该方法通过反映沼气成分在垃圾填埋场表面不同高度的浓度孤立线的垂直坐标,对实地测量的气体生成平面图进行补充。通过将实地测量气体产生量的数据与根据经验模型计算的高度浓度隔离线相结合而获得的三维表面,可以直观地显示 MSW 垃圾填埋场的大气区域。
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引用次数: 0
Increasing the Efficiency of Wastewater Treatment from Galvanic Production Using Titanium-containing Coagulants and Membrane Treatment 利用含钛混凝剂和膜处理技术提高电镀废水处理效率
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-27-31
E. N. Kuzin, Yu. M. Averina, A. Kurbatov, A. G. Cherednichenko
It has been stated that the use of complex titanium-containing agents can significantly increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment and achieve a reduction in residual concentrations of heavy metal compounds down to standard values. For further separation of coagulated sludge from purified water, it is proposed to use filtration methods with ceramic tubular filters. A significant increase in the filtration rate of titanium-containing coagulation sludge has been confirmed, leading to an increase in the productivity of treatment equipment by 20–30 %. It is recommended for purification of acid-base and chromium-containing wastewater to combine the process of coagulation of impurities by treating the wastewater with a complex titanium-containing coagulant, followed by filtering the resulting sludge using special ceramic tubular filters.
据称,使用复合含钛剂可显著提高废水处理效率,并将重金属化合物的残留浓度降至标准值。为了进一步将混凝污泥从净化水中分离出来,建议使用陶瓷管式过滤器的过滤方法。经证实,含钛混凝污泥的过滤率可大幅提高,从而使处理设备的生产率提高 20-30%。建议在净化酸碱和含铬废水时,结合杂质混凝工艺,使用复合含钛混凝剂处理废水,然后使用专用陶瓷管式过滤器过滤产生的污泥。
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引用次数: 0
Improving the Environmental Efficiency of a Mobile Power Plant with a Low-Emission Gas Generator 用低排放燃气发电机提高移动发电厂的环保效率
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-11-15
S. Zelenskii, V. Bezrukikh, Ya.N. Scolyarov
A mobile power unit is proposed to prepare for the processing of municipal solid waste using an environmentally friendly boiler unit developed by "Baltkotlomach" LLC. The design, principle and results of operation of an integrated combustion product purification system are presented. The conclusion was made that the developed power system meets environmental requirements and allows for efficient disposal of municipal solid waste.
建议采用移动式动力装置,利用 "Baltkotlomach "有限责任公司开发的环保锅炉装置为处理城市固体废物做好准备。介绍了综合燃烧产物净化系统的设计、原理和运行结果。结论是所开发的动力系统符合环保要求,并能有效处理城市固体废物。
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引用次数: 0
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Ecology and Industry of Russia
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