Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-16-21
E.S. Kulakova, A. Safarov, V.I. Safarova
A study was conducted of the problem of high-altitude air pollution in populated areas. A technical solution has been developed that allows automated monitoring of toxicants at various heights from the ground level. A design for a sampling device system coupled with an information system for controlling adjustable valves, registration and recording in a database is proposed. A scheme of a sampling system is presented that allows sampling at various heights in order to obtain a representative assessment of the impact of industrial emission sources on the air quality of a residential area. The distribution of toxicants in the atmospheric air near an industrial emission source was analyzed.
{"title":"Automated Аir Sampling System","authors":"E.S. Kulakova, A. Safarov, V.I. Safarova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-16-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-16-21","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted of the problem of high-altitude air pollution in populated areas. A technical solution has been developed that allows automated monitoring of toxicants at various heights from the ground level. A design for a sampling device system coupled with an information system for controlling adjustable valves, registration and recording in a database is proposed. A scheme of a sampling system is presented that allows sampling at various heights in order to obtain a representative assessment of the impact of industrial emission sources on the air quality of a residential area. The distribution of toxicants in the atmospheric air near an industrial emission source was analyzed.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"28 18‐19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A technological scheme for the production of petroleum sorbent from sunflower husks using the enzyme preparation Agroprot has been developed. The volume of raw materials required for the production of sorbent was calculated to ensure a production capacity of 1000 tons/year in the Orenburg region. For the given production capacity, the amount of waste, the volume of hardware, the required amount of heat and energy are determined. The hardware design of the production process based on the selected technology is proposed. It was concluded that the resulting sorbent has characteristics useful to the consumer and, in comparison with competitive solutions existing on the market, has a low cost with a high sorptive capacity for petroleum products.
{"title":"Technological and Hardware Scheme for Processing Oil and Fat Industry Waste for the Production of Petroleum Sorbents","authors":"T.Yu. Kudriavtseva, O.P. Balchugova, A.E. Skhvediani, Yu.A. Smiatskaia","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2024-3-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"A technological scheme for the production of petroleum sorbent from sunflower husks using the enzyme preparation Agroprot has been developed. The volume of raw materials required for the production of sorbent was calculated to ensure a production capacity of 1000 tons/year in the Orenburg region. For the given production capacity, the amount of waste, the volume of hardware, the required amount of heat and energy are determined. The hardware design of the production process based on the selected technology is proposed. It was concluded that the resulting sorbent has characteristics useful to the consumer and, in comparison with competitive solutions existing on the market, has a low cost with a high sorptive capacity for petroleum products.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-56-61
O.V. Pivovarova, E.S. Konishchev
The issues of financing environmental protection activities are considered and the relevance of this topic is emphasized in the light of assessing its effectiveness using the example of Russia. An econometric study was conducted based on the volume of investment in capital for environmental protection and the values of key environmental indicators using the method of regression analysis. The lack of sufficient connection between investments and environmental indicators was revealed. A conclusion was made about the need for more comprehensive research, as well as the advisability of using systemic measures, including non-financial ones, to improve environmental activities.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Environmental Activities in the Russian Federation: Problems and Prospects","authors":"O.V. Pivovarova, E.S. Konishchev","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of financing environmental protection activities are considered and the relevance of this topic is emphasized in the light of assessing its effectiveness using the example of Russia. An econometric study was conducted based on the volume of investment in capital for environmental protection and the values of key environmental indicators using the method of regression analysis. The lack of sufficient connection between investments and environmental indicators was revealed. A conclusion was made about the need for more comprehensive research, as well as the advisability of using systemic measures, including non-financial ones, to improve environmental activities.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-11-14
Lin Maung Maung, G. Kagramanov, H. Aung
The effects of the main technological parameters, such as pressure, temperature of the separated solution on the process of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis during the purification of artesian waters from iron and manganese compounds are considered.It was found that the use of ultrafiltration for pre-treatment and subsequent reverse osmosis is an effective way to obtain drinking water quality. The optimal technological diagram of artesian water treatment plants is shown.
{"title":"Membrane Methods for Purification of Artesian Water with a High Content of Iron and Manganese","authors":"Lin Maung Maung, G. Kagramanov, H. Aung","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-11-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-11-14","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of the main technological parameters, such as pressure, temperature of the separated solution on the process of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis during the purification of artesian waters from iron and manganese compounds are considered.It was found that the use of ultrafiltration for pre-treatment and subsequent reverse osmosis is an effective way to obtain drinking water quality. The optimal technological diagram of artesian water treatment plants is shown.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"45 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-41-47
E.L. Schastlivtsev, I.A. Vakhnyuk, K. Kirichenko, A.A. Bykov, A. S. Kholodov, R.I. Korostelin, K.S. Golokhvast
The content of PM2.5 and PM10 in the air at the Dalpribor enterprise in Vladivostok (Russian Federation) was studied. The distribution of galvanic aerosol particles in the area adjacent to the enterprise was studied. The highest concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 particles were recorded inside the electroplating shop. A significant contribution (exceeding 10 %) of electroplating enterprises to the overall urban air pollution was revealed. It was emphasized that, in general, the measured average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 particles does not exceed the MAC values.
{"title":"Study of PM2.5 and PM10 Concentrations Near the Plating Plant Using Automatic Monitoring Stations","authors":"E.L. Schastlivtsev, I.A. Vakhnyuk, K. Kirichenko, A.A. Bykov, A. S. Kholodov, R.I. Korostelin, K.S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-41-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-41-47","url":null,"abstract":"The content of PM2.5 and PM10 in the air at the Dalpribor enterprise in Vladivostok (Russian Federation) was studied. The distribution of galvanic aerosol particles in the area adjacent to the enterprise was studied. The highest concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 particles were recorded inside the electroplating shop. A significant contribution (exceeding 10 %) of electroplating enterprises to the overall urban air pollution was revealed. It was emphasized that, in general, the measured average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 particles does not exceed the MAC values.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"14 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-26-33
A. A. Baruzdin, L.V. Zakrevskaya, K.A. Nikolaeva, D.V. Bokarev
The volumes and various types of waste generated in the construction industry were analyzed. The paper outlines the main methods for processing brick waste, as one of the most common construction waste. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the developed compositions of blends based on slaked lime, brick chips, quartz sand, gypsum, diatomite and clay. It was concluded that on the basis of the studied raw materials, it is possible to synthesise composite materials with a strength up to 6.3 MPa with the content of lime and brick crumbs up to 35 and 19 % respectively.
{"title":"Recycling Construction Waste to Synthesize New Composite Materials","authors":"A. A. Baruzdin, L.V. Zakrevskaya, K.A. Nikolaeva, D.V. Bokarev","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-26-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-26-33","url":null,"abstract":"The volumes and various types of waste generated in the construction industry were analyzed. The paper outlines the main methods for processing brick waste, as one of the most common construction waste. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the developed compositions of blends based on slaked lime, brick chips, quartz sand, gypsum, diatomite and clay. It was concluded that on the basis of the studied raw materials, it is possible to synthesise composite materials with a strength up to 6.3 MPa with the content of lime and brick crumbs up to 35 and 19 % respectively.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-48-55
E. Shirinkina, G.V. Ilinykh, Yulia Mozzhegorova, V.N. Korotaev
An analysis of existing methodological approaches to assessing the life cycle of hydrogen was carried out to determine the level of impact of hydrogen technologies on the environment, including an assessment of their carbon footprint. The features of determining the boundaries of the system, functional unit and other aspects of life cycle assessment are presented. Taking into account the specifics of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation, the carbon footprint of hydrogen was assessed using 5 technologies: steam reforming of natural gas (methane), water electrolysis, gasification of coal and biomass, methane pyrolysis. The results indicate the fundamental importance of the method of electricity production in the comparative assessment of hydrogen production technologies.
{"title":"Challenges in Life Cycle Assessment and Carbon Footprint of Hydrogen","authors":"E. Shirinkina, G.V. Ilinykh, Yulia Mozzhegorova, V.N. Korotaev","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-48-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-48-55","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of existing methodological approaches to assessing the life cycle of hydrogen was carried out to determine the level of impact of hydrogen technologies on the environment, including an assessment of their carbon footprint. The features of determining the boundaries of the system, functional unit and other aspects of life cycle assessment are presented. Taking into account the specifics of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation, the carbon footprint of hydrogen was assessed using 5 technologies: steam reforming of natural gas (methane), water electrolysis, gasification of coal and biomass, methane pyrolysis. The results indicate the fundamental importance of the method of electricity production in the comparative assessment of hydrogen production technologies.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"29 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-34-40
N. E. Volkova, E.А. Dunaieva, V. V. Popovich, V. P. Evstigneev
Отмечена целесообразность использования методов, основанных на проведении интегральной оценки, отражающей уровень экологической безопасности водохозяйственных объектов. Разработан подход по определению интегрального показателя, характеризующего уровень экологической безопасности последних. Проведена апробация данного способа на примере прудов р. Малый Салгир, расположенных в городской зоне. Выполнены оценка фактической обстановки и ранжирование этих водохозяйственных объектов по приоритету реализации действий, направленных на повышение их уровня экологической безопасности при эксплуатации.
{"title":"Опыт оценки экологической безопасности речных гидротехнических сооружений на основе интегрального подхода","authors":"N. E. Volkova, E.А. Dunaieva, V. V. Popovich, V. P. Evstigneev","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-34-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-34-40","url":null,"abstract":"Отмечена целесообразность использования методов, основанных на проведении интегральной оценки, отражающей уровень экологической безопасности водохозяйственных объектов. Разработан подход по определению интегрального показателя, характеризующего уровень экологической безопасности последних. Проведена апробация данного способа на примере прудов р. Малый Салгир, расположенных в городской зоне. Выполнены оценка фактической обстановки и ранжирование этих водохозяйственных объектов по приоритету реализации действий, направленных на повышение их уровня экологической безопасности при эксплуатации.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-21-25
A. M. Gonopolsky, I.M. Ostrovkin, A.I. Shirochenkov
A mathematical model of methane filtration to a well in the body of a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill during degassing has been developed. The identity of the obtained calculation results using the empirical model with the results of field measurements at the landfills reclaimed by the authors in the Moscow region was noted. It has been confirmed that the mathematical model tested in practice and the results of its numerical study make it possible to predict the process of landfill degassing over time at the design stage, as well as during operation and after its reclamation. It is concluded that forecasts of methane emissions from the body of the landfill into the atmosphere serve as the basis for the development of technologies and equipment to ensure environmental sanitary and fire safety of the territory in the area where the MSW landfill is located, as well as urban planning plans for the development of settlements.
{"title":"Mathematical Model of the Process of Degassing Landfill for Municipal Solid Waste","authors":"A. M. Gonopolsky, I.M. Ostrovkin, A.I. Shirochenkov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-21-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-21-25","url":null,"abstract":"A mathematical model of methane filtration to a well in the body of a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill during degassing has been developed. The identity of the obtained calculation results using the empirical model with the results of field measurements at the landfills reclaimed by the authors in the Moscow region was noted. It has been confirmed that the mathematical model tested in practice and the results of its numerical study make it possible to predict the process of landfill degassing over time at the design stage, as well as during operation and after its reclamation. It is concluded that forecasts of methane emissions from the body of the landfill into the atmosphere serve as the basis for the development of technologies and equipment to ensure environmental sanitary and fire safety of the territory in the area where the MSW landfill is located, as well as urban planning plans for the development of settlements.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-15-20
E. Krasavtseva, L.A. Ivanova, A. Svetlov, D.V. Makarov
The paper presents the results of environment safety assessment of Russian and foreign binding reagents (Syntex-65, Lukoil DD 3000, Voltes PP-300 and Dustbind) used for remediation of objects of accumulated environmental damage in the Murmansk region. The paper shows that in the presence of anti-erosion and water-retentive phytocenosis on technosoil of loparite ore tailings, these reagents have a partial inhibitory effect on the first first seedlings of timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) and statistically (p <0.005) affect its main quality indicators (plant height and biomass). Effective methods of applying reagents to the dusty surface of technosoil were identified. When using the Lukoil DD 3000 reagent as an analogue of Dustbin – continuous, for Voltes PP-300 – fragmentary, when using Syntex-65 – continuous in the mode of simulated hydroseeding.
{"title":"Biotesting of Binding Reagents for Dust Suppression on Rare Metal Tailings Waste in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation","authors":"E. Krasavtseva, L.A. Ivanova, A. Svetlov, D.V. Makarov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-15-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-15-20","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of environment safety assessment of Russian and foreign binding reagents (Syntex-65, Lukoil DD 3000, Voltes PP-300 and Dustbind) used for remediation of objects of accumulated environmental damage in the Murmansk region. The paper shows that in the presence of anti-erosion and water-retentive phytocenosis on technosoil of loparite ore tailings, these reagents have a partial inhibitory effect on the first first seedlings of timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) and statistically (p <0.005) affect its main quality indicators (plant height and biomass). Effective methods of applying reagents to the dusty surface of technosoil were identified. When using the Lukoil DD 3000 reagent as an analogue of Dustbin – continuous, for Voltes PP-300 – fragmentary, when using Syntex-65 – continuous in the mode of simulated hydroseeding.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"46 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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