Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101929
Affan Ghaffari, Katelyn Y. Graves, Shermeeka Hogans-Mathews, Kerwyn Flowers, Jeffrey S. Harman
The purpose of our study was to use recent nationally-representative data to 1) determine whether reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with individual disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) for the US- based early and middle adolescent population; and 2) the extent to which individual ACE categories were associated with DEBs for this population. The study used cross-sectional data from the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health, which used parent-reported data. Inclusion criteria included all early (10–13 years of age) and middle-aged adolescents (14–17 years of age) (n = 24,173). Multiple logistic regressions were used to test the association between ACEs and DEBs while controlling for covariates. Both categories for ACEs (i.e. 1–2 ACEs and 3+ ACEs) exhibited a statistically significant association with three specific DEBs: skipping meals or fasting, low interest in food, and binge eating. Additionally, six of the seven ACE categories exhibited a statistically significant association with DEBs which included parent or guardian divorced, parent or guardian time in jail, adults slap, hit, kick, punch others, victim of violence, lived with mentally ill, and lived with person with alcohol/drug problem. Further studies are needed to examine mechanisms contributing to the increased risk of DEBs among those with ACE exposure.
{"title":"Associations of adverse childhood events with disordered eating behaviors among US adolescents","authors":"Affan Ghaffari, Katelyn Y. Graves, Shermeeka Hogans-Mathews, Kerwyn Flowers, Jeffrey S. Harman","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of our study was to use recent nationally-representative data to 1) determine whether reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with individual disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) for the US- based early and middle adolescent population; and 2) the extent to which individual ACE categories were associated with DEBs for this population. The study used cross-sectional data from the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health, which used parent-reported data. Inclusion criteria included all early (10–13 years of age) and middle-aged adolescents (14–17 years of age) (<em>n</em> = 24,173). Multiple logistic regressions were used to test the association between ACEs and DEBs while controlling for covariates. Both categories for ACEs (i.e. 1–2 ACEs and 3+ ACEs) exhibited a statistically significant association with three specific DEBs: skipping meals or fasting, low interest in food, and binge eating. Additionally, six of the seven ACE categories exhibited a statistically significant association with DEBs which included parent or guardian divorced, parent or guardian time in jail, adults slap, hit, kick, punch others, victim of violence, lived with mentally ill, and lived with person with alcohol/drug problem. Further studies are needed to examine mechanisms contributing to the increased risk of DEBs among those with ACE exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101928
Peter Goldberg , Sandra Rydberg Dobrescu , Carina Gillberg , Christopher Gillberg , Maria Råstam , Michael Lowe , Elisabet Wentz
Purpose
To examine anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of adolescent AN.
Methods
A group of 51 individuals with adolescent-onset AN were identified in Sweden in 1985. Anthropometric data have been collected from birth records and school nurse charts. A group matched for gender, school and age constituted a healthy control group. Possible predictors of BMI 30 years after AN onset including ponderal index (a variable that estimates body proportionality and composition during the infancy period) and highest BMI Z score (highest BMI in childhood, adjusted for age and sex) were analyzed with linear regression and multivariate analysis.
Results
None of the five possible predictors were significantly correlated to BMI outcome 30 years after AN onset. In the control group, BMI at the 18- and 30-year follow-ups were statistically significantly predicted by ponderal index at birth (18-year follow-up: r = 0.36, p = .015; 30-year follow-up: r = 0.32, p = .034).
Conclusions
We found no statistically significant premorbid anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of AN. Ponderal index at birth appears to normally predict BMI outcomes in the general adult population. Having had AN during adolescence may have caused a disruption of the expected long-term BMI trajectory, resulting in a lower weight status than expected. These findings may be implemented in clinical practice to address patients' fear of exponential weight gain after recovery.
{"title":"Do premorbid weight parameters predict BMI 30 years after adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa?","authors":"Peter Goldberg , Sandra Rydberg Dobrescu , Carina Gillberg , Christopher Gillberg , Maria Råstam , Michael Lowe , Elisabet Wentz","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of adolescent AN.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A group of 51 individuals with adolescent-onset AN were identified in Sweden in 1985. Anthropometric data have been collected from birth records and school nurse charts. A group matched for gender, school and age constituted a healthy control group. Possible predictors of BMI 30 years after AN onset including ponderal index (a variable that estimates body proportionality and composition during the infancy period) and highest BMI Z score (highest BMI in childhood, adjusted for age and sex) were analyzed with linear regression and multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>None of the five possible predictors were significantly correlated to BMI outcome 30 years after AN onset. In the control group, BMI at the 18- and 30-year follow-ups were statistically significantly predicted by ponderal index at birth (18-year follow-up: r = 0.36, p = .015; 30-year follow-up: r = 0.32, p = .034).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found no statistically significant premorbid anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of AN. Ponderal index at birth appears to normally predict BMI outcomes in the general adult population. Having had AN during adolescence may have caused a disruption of the expected long-term BMI trajectory, resulting in a lower weight status than expected. These findings may be implemented in clinical practice to address patients' fear of exponential weight gain after recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101926
Kaoon Francois Ban , Shannon M. O'Connor
Background
Recent findings suggest positive associations between intermittent fasting (IF, i.e., an eating pattern that consists of alternating between consuming and abstaining calories over specified periods of time) and disordered eating (DE), including binge eating, laxative use, and self-induced vomiting. However, as not all individuals who engage in IF present with DE, the current study aimed to investigate whether 1) IF was associated with elevated DE, and 2) impulse control difficulties differentially predict DE in intermittent fasters compared to non-intermittent fasters.
Methods
Participants included 929 undergraduates (M = 19.8, SD = 2.97) from a university in the United States. IF was assessed with a single item question, “Do you intentionally engage in intermittent fasting in order to lose/maintain your weight or due to health-related motivations?” The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire was used to measure DE (i.e., global score, restraint, eating, shape, and weight concerns). One subscale from the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale was used to measure impulse control difficulties. Hierarchal regressions examined whether impulse control difficulties moderated the relationship between IF and DE while controlling for age, gender, race, and ethnicity.
Results
IF was significantly associated with all DE outcomes. Adjusted analyses indicated that impulse control difficulties moderated the relationship between IF and two DE outcomes (i.e., global score (b = 0.038, se = 0.017, t = 2.17, p < 0.05) and restraint (b = 0.042, se = 0.019, t = 2.22, p < 0.05)).
Discussion
These results support previous literature that suggests an association between IF and elevated DE. Further, individuals engaging in IF with impulse control difficulties may experience more feelings of restraint towards eating and increased overall DE though effects were small. Future research delineating who is at highest risk for DE when engaging in IF is needed.
背景：最近的研究结果表明，间歇性禁食（IF，即在特定时间内交替摄入和禁食卡路里的饮食模式）与饮食紊乱（DE）（包括暴饮暴食、使用泻药和自我诱导性呕吐）之间存在正相关。然而，并不是所有进行间歇性禁食的人都会出现进食障碍，因此本研究旨在探讨：1）间歇性禁食是否与进食障碍的增加有关；2）与非间歇性禁食者相比，冲动控制困难对间歇性禁食者进食障碍的预测是否存在差异：参与者包括来自美国一所大学的 929 名本科生（中位数 = 19.8，标准差 = 2.97）。间歇性禁食通过一个单项问题进行评估："您是否为了减轻/保持体重或出于与健康相关的动机而有意进行间歇性禁食？饮食失调检查问卷用于测量饮食失调（即总分、克制、饮食、体形和体重问题）。情绪调节困难量表的一个分量表用于测量冲动控制困难。在控制年龄、性别、种族和民族的情况下，分层回归检验了冲动控制困难是否调节了 IF 与 DE 之间的关系：结果：IF 与所有 DE 结果均有明显相关性。调整分析表明，冲动控制障碍调节了 IF 与两项 DE 结果（即总分（b = 0.038，se = 0.017，t = 2.17，p 讨论））之间的关系：这些结果支持了之前的文献，即 IF 与 DE 升高之间存在关联。此外，有冲动控制困难的中频食者可能会对进食有更多的克制感，并增加整体的进食量，尽管影响很小。今后需要开展研究，以确定哪些人在进行综合食物时摄入过多食物的风险最高。
{"title":"Do impulse control difficulties moderate the relationship between intermittent fasting and disordered eating?","authors":"Kaoon Francois Ban , Shannon M. O'Connor","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent findings suggest positive associations between intermittent fasting (IF, i.e., an eating pattern that consists of alternating between consuming and abstaining calories over specified periods of time) and disordered eating (DE), including binge eating, laxative use, and self-induced vomiting. However, as not all individuals who engage in IF present with DE, the current study aimed to investigate whether 1) IF was associated with elevated DE, and 2) impulse control difficulties differentially predict DE in intermittent fasters compared to non-intermittent fasters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants included 929 undergraduates (M = 19.8, SD = 2.97) from a university in the United States. IF was assessed with a single item question, “Do you intentionally engage in intermittent fasting in order to lose/maintain your weight or due to health-related motivations?” The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire was used to measure DE (i.e., global score, restraint, eating, shape, and weight concerns). One subscale from the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale was used to measure impulse control difficulties. Hierarchal regressions examined whether impulse control difficulties moderated the relationship between IF and DE while controlling for age, gender, race, and ethnicity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>IF was significantly associated with all DE outcomes. Adjusted analyses indicated that impulse control difficulties moderated the relationship between IF and two DE outcomes (i.e., global score (b = 0.038, se = 0.017, <em>t</em> = 2.17, <em>p</em> < 0.05) and restraint (b = 0.042, se = 0.019, <em>t</em> = 2.22, p < 0.05)).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These results support previous literature that suggests an association between IF and elevated DE. Further, individuals engaging in IF with impulse control difficulties may experience more feelings of restraint towards eating and increased overall DE though effects were small. Future research delineating who is at highest risk for DE when engaging in IF is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101927
Christina Horsager , Ashley N. Gearhardt
Objective
Scientific interest in the concept of food addiction is growing, but more studies are needed in youth samples. Brief, psychometrically valid, and developmentally appropriate measures are needed to support the assessment of food addiction in large-scale studies of youth that need to minimize participant burden. While a brief version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) exists for adults, no comparable scale exists for youth. Thus, the current study aimed to develop a brief and valid measure of food addiction for use in youth populations (the modified YFAS for children 2.0).
Method
Data stem from the Food Addiction Denmark (FADK) Project, where random samples of 559 adolescents from the general population and 413 adolescents from a population with mental disorder completed the 35-item original YFAS for children 2.0 (YFAS-C 2.0). An abbreviated 13-item version was developed, and the psychometric properties of the modified YFAS-C 2.0 (mYFAS-C 2.0) were then evaluated.
Results
The mYFAS-C 2.0 exhibited a one-factor structure and was found to have sound psychometric properties regarding internal consistency and convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. This was evident in both the general adolescent population sample and the sample of adolescents with mental disorders.
Conclusions
The mYFAS-C 2.0 provides a brief and psychometrically valid measure of food addiction for youth, which may be beneficial for study designs (e.g., epidemiological samples) that aim to minimize participant burden. Future research on the test-retest reliability of the mYFAS-C 2.0 and its psychometric properties in younger children are important next steps.
{"title":"Development and validation of the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children 2.0","authors":"Christina Horsager , Ashley N. Gearhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Scientific interest in the concept of food addiction is growing, but more studies are needed in youth samples. Brief, psychometrically valid, and developmentally appropriate measures are needed to support the assessment of food addiction in large-scale studies of youth that need to minimize participant burden. While a brief version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) exists for adults, no comparable scale exists for youth. Thus, the current study aimed to develop a brief and valid measure of food addiction for use in youth populations (the modified YFAS for children 2.0).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data stem from the Food Addiction Denmark (FADK) Project, where random samples of 559 adolescents from the general population and 413 adolescents from a population with mental disorder completed the 35-item original YFAS for children 2.0 (YFAS-C 2.0). An abbreviated 13-item version was developed, and the psychometric properties of the modified YFAS-C 2.0 (mYFAS-C 2.0) were then evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mYFAS-C 2.0 exhibited a one-factor structure and was found to have sound psychometric properties regarding internal consistency and convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. This was evident in both the general adolescent population sample and the sample of adolescents with mental disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The mYFAS-C 2.0 provides a brief and psychometrically valid measure of food addiction for youth, which may be beneficial for study designs (e.g., epidemiological samples) that aim to minimize participant burden. Future research on the test-retest reliability of the mYFAS-C 2.0 and its psychometric properties in younger children are important next steps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101924
Calorta Y.Z. Tan, Sandra Thijssen, Junilla K. Larsen, Kirsten J.M. van Hooijdonk, Sterre S.H. Simons, Jacqueline M. Vink
Previous cross-sectional research indicates a link between stress and unhealthy eating, but the longitudinal association remains unknown. This study examined the longitudinal association between perceived stress over a longer time period and unhealthy eating (i.e., sweet and savory snack intake, uncontrolled eating) in a student population. Moreover, we examined whether physical activity buffers such association, and examined whether this buffering effect is stronger for individuals with higher Body Mass Index (BMI) or greater loneliness. Two timepoints of online survey data (Time 1 Oct–Nov 2021, Time 2 May–July 2022) of Dutch university students (n = 1325, 74.7 % female, mean age 22.45 (SD = 2.31)) were used. Results revealed no longitudinal link between stress and snack intake in the total sample, but this association was found in a subgroup of individuals with a higher BMI. Stress at Time 1 was associated with later uncontrolled eating. Physical activity did not moderate the link between stress and unhealthy eating. However, we found a negative longitudinal link between physical activity and uncontrolled eating among individuals with a higher BMI. Our findings suggest that stress does not play an important role in explaining snack intake in university students, but may be associated with uncontrolled eating. Physical activity seems to be linked with a reduction in uncontrolled eating among individuals with a higher BMI specifically. Replication and extension of current findings in a more diverse (e.g., eating disordered) sample would increase insights into the (combined) effects of stress, BMI and physical activity on uncontrolled eating.
{"title":"Exploring the longitudinal association between stress and unhealthy eating behaviors: The role of physical activity, BMI, and loneliness","authors":"Calorta Y.Z. Tan, Sandra Thijssen, Junilla K. Larsen, Kirsten J.M. van Hooijdonk, Sterre S.H. Simons, Jacqueline M. Vink","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous cross-sectional research indicates a link between stress and unhealthy eating, but the longitudinal association remains unknown. This study examined the longitudinal association between perceived stress over a longer time period and unhealthy eating (i.e., sweet and savory snack intake, uncontrolled eating) in a student population. Moreover, we examined whether physical activity buffers such association, and examined whether this buffering effect is stronger for individuals with higher Body Mass Index (BMI) or greater loneliness. Two timepoints of online survey data (Time 1 Oct–Nov 2021, Time 2 May–July 2022) of Dutch university students (<em>n</em> = 1325, 74.7 % female, mean age 22.45 (SD = 2.31)) were used. Results revealed no longitudinal link between stress and snack intake in the total sample, but this association was found in a subgroup of individuals with a higher BMI. Stress at Time 1 was associated with later uncontrolled eating. Physical activity did not moderate the link between stress and unhealthy eating. However, we found a negative longitudinal link between physical activity and uncontrolled eating among individuals with a higher BMI. Our findings suggest that stress does not play an important role in explaining snack intake in university students, but may be associated with uncontrolled eating. Physical activity seems to be linked with a reduction in uncontrolled eating among individuals with a higher BMI specifically. Replication and extension of current findings in a more diverse (e.g., eating disordered) sample would increase insights into the (combined) effects of stress, BMI and physical activity on uncontrolled eating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liver transplantation (LT) associates with weight gain and metabolic complications. However, risk of eating disorders post-transplantation and factors influencing their onset remain poorly understood. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by characterizing the risk of having eating disorders or Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) according to the EAT-26, BES and Bratman screening questionnaires in 104 liver transplant recipients (mean age 62.5 years; median time from LT 6 years) with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight/obesity. Eighty-two patients (78.9 %) had diabetes; mean BMI was 30.1 ± 5.9 kg/m2. Risk of eating disorders was observed in 6.9 %–10.8 % and the risk of orthorexia (Bratman test score > 4) was observed in 60.5 % of patients. A significant association was found between BMI and the likelihood of having eating disorders considering EAT-26 (OR = 0.17, p = .009). The absence of a direct link between diabetes and the risk of having eating disorders suggest multifactorial influences on post-transplant eating behaviors. The study highlights the importance of proactive screening to evaluate eating behaviors in liver transplant recipients to define tailored interventions and optimize post-transplant outcomes. Limitations refer to the observational nature of the study and the absence of pre-transplant data. Further research is warranted to validate these findings, elucidate temporal relationship between transplantation and the onset of eating disorders, and explore potential mechanisms underlying these associations. Such insights are crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the impact of eating disorders on post-transplant health and well-being.
{"title":"A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of eating disorders in liver transplanted patients with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight/obesity","authors":"Lucia Brodosi , Michele Stecchi , Giovanni Vitale , Beatrice Selvatici , Michela Genovese , Matteo Ravaioli , Matteo Cescon , Maria Cristina Morelli , Loris Pironi","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liver transplantation (LT) associates with weight gain and metabolic complications. However, risk of eating disorders post-transplantation and factors influencing their onset remain poorly understood. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by characterizing the risk of having eating disorders or Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) according to the EAT-26, BES and Bratman screening questionnaires in 104 liver transplant recipients (mean age 62.5 years; median time from LT 6 years) with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight/obesity. Eighty-two patients (78.9 %) had diabetes; mean BMI was 30.1 ± 5.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Risk of eating disorders was observed in 6.9 %–10.8 % and the risk of orthorexia (Bratman test score > 4) was observed in 60.5 % of patients. A significant association was found between BMI and the likelihood of having eating disorders considering EAT-26 (OR = 0.17, <em>p</em> = .009). The absence of a direct link between diabetes and the risk of having eating disorders suggest multifactorial influences on post-transplant eating behaviors. The study highlights the importance of proactive screening to evaluate eating behaviors in liver transplant recipients to define tailored interventions and optimize post-transplant outcomes. Limitations refer to the observational nature of the study and the absence of pre-transplant data. Further research is warranted to validate these findings, elucidate temporal relationship between transplantation and the onset of eating disorders, and explore potential mechanisms underlying these associations. Such insights are crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the impact of eating disorders on post-transplant health and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101923
Ayano Chiba , Nobuo Yoshiike
Background
Mindful eating (ME) emphasizes full awareness of food consumption, incorporating the practice of eating slowly. Traditional interventions targeting slower eating rates often concentrate on chewing behavior, leaving the impact of ME largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ME program in improving eating rates and mindful eating compared to conventional education centered solely on chewing.
Methods
A total of 66 women university students were randomly assigned to either the ME (n = 33) or chewing intervention groups (n = 33). Education programs were delivered via smartphones over 8 weeks, with bi-weekly sessions where participants watched videos individually. The primary outcome was the eating rate, while the secondary outcome were eating style and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) assessed through web-based questionnaires. Measurements were taken pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 1 and 3 months follow-up. Statistical analysis was conducted using intention-to-treat analysis.
Results
Both the ME and chewing groups showed slower eating rates compared to baseline, indicating the effect's temporal persistence, with no significant differences found between them at the end of the intervention and at 1 and 3 months post-intervention. In addition, the ME group significantly increased the MEQ scores compared to the chewing group.
Conclusion
The educational program using ME reduced the rate of eating and achieved results similar to those of programs focused solely on chewing. Furthermore, it was effective in increasing MEQ scores. Based on these findings, a comprehensive education program that focuses on ME is recommended.
背景正念进食（ME）强调充分意识到食物的消耗，并将慢慢进食的做法融入其中。传统的针对减缓进食速度的干预措施通常集中在咀嚼行为上，而 ME 的影响在很大程度上尚未得到探讨。本研究的目的是评估 ME 计划在提高进食率和有意识进食方面的效果，并与仅以咀嚼为中心的传统教育进行比较。方法：66 名女大学生被随机分配到 ME 组（33 人）或咀嚼干预组（33 人）。教育课程通过智能手机进行，为期8周，每两周一次，参与者单独观看视频。主要结果是进食率，次要结果是进食方式和通过网络问卷评估的正念进食问卷（MEQ）。测量分别在干预前、干预后、1 个月和 3 个月的随访中进行。结果与基线相比，ME 组和咀嚼组的进食速度都有所减慢，这表明该效果具有时间持续性，在干预结束时以及干预后 1 个月和 3 个月，这两组之间没有发现显著差异。此外，与咀嚼组相比，ME 组的 MEQ 分数明显提高。此外，它还能有效提高 MEQ 分数。基于这些研究结果，建议开展以 ME 为重点的综合教育计划。
{"title":"Impact of an education intervention focusing on comprehensive mindful eating and chewing habits on daily eating practices: A mobile tool-based randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ayano Chiba , Nobuo Yoshiike","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mindful eating (ME) emphasizes full awareness of food consumption, incorporating the practice of eating slowly. Traditional interventions targeting slower eating rates often concentrate on chewing behavior, leaving the impact of ME largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ME program in improving eating rates and mindful eating compared to conventional education centered solely on chewing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 66 women university students were randomly assigned to either the ME (<em>n</em> = 33) or chewing intervention groups (n = 33). Education programs were delivered via smartphones over 8 weeks, with bi-weekly sessions where participants watched videos individually. The primary outcome was the eating rate, while the secondary outcome were eating style and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) assessed through web-based questionnaires. Measurements were taken pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 1 and 3 months follow-up. Statistical analysis was conducted using intention-to-treat analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both the ME and chewing groups showed slower eating rates compared to baseline, indicating the effect's temporal persistence, with no significant differences found between them at the end of the intervention and at 1 and 3 months post-intervention. In addition, the ME group significantly increased the MEQ scores compared to the chewing group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The educational program using ME reduced the rate of eating and achieved results similar to those of programs focused solely on chewing. Furthermore, it was effective in increasing MEQ scores. Based on these findings, a comprehensive education program that focuses on ME is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471015324000825/pdfft?md5=3355fc05c748028502c38d9162b91c05&pid=1-s2.0-S1471015324000825-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101922
Cristen L. Harris , Haley Chapman , Nicole Groves
Purpose
This study aimed to determine the relationship between eating competence (EC) and executive function (EF) skills in college students.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was part of a larger study in which an online survey was administered during autumn quarter 2020 to undergraduate students at a northwestern U.S. public university. Sociodemographic data were collected, along with measures of EC (16-item Satter Eating Competence Inventory, ecSI-2.0™) and EF skills (27-item Executive Function Index, EFI). Multiple linear regression was used to examine the ecSI-2.0™ total score and its four domain scores with each of the five EF skills.
Results
Of the 1996 respondents included in the final analyses, 40.2 % were eating competent (total ecSI-2.0™ ≥32). The mean ecSI-2.0™ score among participants was 28.7. Gender distribution was 72.0 % women, 23.3 % men, and 4.7 % trans-and-gender non-conforming (TGNC) or preferred not to answer. EFI scores were higher among women (70.9) than among men (68.2) and TGNC (64.9). Both total ecSI-2.0™ score and the contextual skills domain were significantly associated with four of the EFI subscales. Internal regulation was related to impulse control and motivational drive. Further significant associations were found with other domains of ecSI-2.0™ and specific EFI subscales.
Conclusion
EF skills are associated with EC in college students, particularly skills related to food management and internal regulation. Since both EF and EC can be developed, this study offers promise for future research in an increasingly gender-diverse and neurodiverse college population during a time of increasing independence and autonomy.
{"title":"Eating competence is related to executive function skills in college students","authors":"Cristen L. Harris , Haley Chapman , Nicole Groves","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to determine the relationship between eating competence (EC) and executive function (EF) skills in college students.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study was part of a larger study in which an online survey was administered during autumn quarter 2020 to undergraduate students at a northwestern U.S. public university. Sociodemographic data were collected, along with measures of EC (16-item Satter Eating Competence Inventory, ecSI-2.0™) and EF skills (27-item Executive Function Index, EFI). Multiple linear regression was used to examine the ecSI-2.0™ total score and its four domain scores with each of the five EF skills.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 1996 respondents included in the final analyses, 40.2 % were eating competent (total ecSI-2.0™ ≥32). The mean ecSI-2.0™ score among participants was 28.7. Gender distribution was 72.0 % women, 23.3 % men, and 4.7 % trans-and-gender non-conforming (TGNC) or preferred not to answer. EFI scores were higher among women (70.9) than among men (68.2) and TGNC (64.9). Both total ecSI-2.0™ score and the contextual skills domain were significantly associated with four of the EFI subscales. Internal regulation was related to impulse control and motivational drive. Further significant associations were found with other domains of ecSI-2.0™ and specific EFI subscales.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>EF skills are associated with EC in college students, particularly skills related to food management and internal regulation. Since both EF and EC can be developed, this study offers promise for future research in an increasingly gender-diverse and neurodiverse college population during a time of increasing independence and autonomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101921
Amelia E. Fouts , Yenni E. Cedillo , Camille R. Schneider-Worthington , Alysha B. Everett , Samantha L. Martin , Jessica S. Bahorski , W. Timothy Garvey , Paula C. Chandler-Laney
Background
Stress is associated with physiological and behavioral adaptations that increase the risk for obesity and related diseases in adults and children. Mechanisms linking stress to chronic disease are diverse and not fully elucidated, but research suggests stress may impact eating behaviors and increase food intake and thereby, risk for obesity.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that women's perceived stress and household disorder are associated with more uncontrolled and emotional eating among women, more food responsiveness and emotional overeating among their children, and greater adiposity in both women and their children.
Methods
Women (n = 86) completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, and Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Total body fat (%) was measured via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Linear regression models evaluated associations of perceived stress and household disorder with eating behaviors and adiposity of women and their children (4–10 years old).
Results
In a sample of predominantly non-Hispanic Black women (84.9%, n = 73), more perceived stress and household disorder were associated with more uncontrolled and emotional eating (p < 0.05). Women's perceived stress was not associated with their children's eating behaviors; however, household disorder was positively associated with children's food responsiveness and emotional overeating (p < 0.05). Perceived stress and household disorder were not associated with adiposity of women or their children.
Conclusions
These findings suggest household disorder may be a factor for home-based interventions to consider when addressing eating behaviors among families with children.
{"title":"Maternal perceived stress, household disorder, eating behaviors and adiposity of women and their children","authors":"Amelia E. Fouts , Yenni E. Cedillo , Camille R. Schneider-Worthington , Alysha B. Everett , Samantha L. Martin , Jessica S. Bahorski , W. Timothy Garvey , Paula C. Chandler-Laney","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Stress is associated with physiological and behavioral adaptations that increase the risk for obesity and related diseases in adults and children. Mechanisms linking stress to chronic disease are diverse and not fully elucidated, but research suggests stress may impact eating behaviors and increase food intake and thereby, risk for obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that women's perceived stress and household disorder are associated with more uncontrolled and emotional eating among women, more food responsiveness and emotional overeating among their children, and greater adiposity in both women and their children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Women (<em>n</em> = 86) completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Confusion, Hubbub and Order Scale, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, and Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Total body fat (%) was measured via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Linear regression models evaluated associations of perceived stress and household disorder with eating behaviors and adiposity of women and their children (4–10 years old).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In a sample of predominantly non-Hispanic Black women (84.9%, <em>n</em> = 73), more perceived stress and household disorder were associated with more uncontrolled and emotional eating (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Women's perceived stress was not associated with their children's eating behaviors; however, household disorder was positively associated with children's food responsiveness and emotional overeating (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Perceived stress and household disorder were not associated with adiposity of women or their children.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings suggest household disorder may be a factor for home-based interventions to consider when addressing eating behaviors among families with children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101920
Kendall Poovey , Tiffany A. Brown , Diana Rancourt
Gastrointestinal (GI) visceral sensitivity (i.e., anxiety/worry over GI sensations) may be a key maintaining factor for disordered eating; however, it is unknown whether GI visceral sensitivity predicts the range of disordered eating behaviors in nonclinical samples. The current preregistered study aimed to replicate previous construct validity findings of the Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI; i.e., factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity) and examine its criterion-related validity for predicting a range of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in a diverse undergraduate sample. A total of 591 university students were retained in the final analytic sample (53 % women; 23 % Hispanic [Any Race], 10 % Asian, 9 % Black) and completed the VSI, disordered eating, and additional validity measures. A confirmatory factor analysis tested the factor structure of the VSI, and correlations were used to examine convergent and discriminant validity. Hierarchical regressions and t-tests were used to examine criterion-related validity. Results replicated previous construct validity findings in a diverse undergraduate sample. Exploratory analyses supported invariance of the VSI across gender and the VSI discriminated between individuals at high- versus low-risk for an eating disorder and predicted a range of disordered eating attitudes (e.g., body dissatisfaction) and behaviors (e.g., restricting, binge eating, purging, compulsive exercise). GI-specific anxiety appears to be transdiagnostic across disordered eating behaviors and relevant across the spectrum of disordered eating severity. Future work may include developing transdiagnostic models of GI visceral sensitivity in disordered eating and investigating inclusion of the VSI in university screening efforts.
胃肠道（GI）内脏敏感性（即对胃肠道感觉的焦虑/担忧）可能是维持饮食失调的一个关键因素；然而，胃肠道内脏敏感性是否能预测非临床样本中的一系列饮食失调行为，目前还不得而知。目前这项预先登记的研究旨在复制之前内脏敏感度指数（VSI，即因子结构、收敛性和判别性有效性）的构架有效性研究结果，并在不同的本科生样本中检验其预测一系列饮食失调态度和行为的标准相关有效性。最终分析样本中共有 591 名大学生（53 % 为女性；23 % 为西班牙裔[任何种族]，10 % 为亚裔，9 % 为黑人）完成了 VSI、饮食失调和其他有效性测量。确认性因子分析检验了 VSI 的因子结构，相关性则用于检验聚合效度和区分效度。层次回归和 t 检验用于检验标准相关有效性。结果重复了之前在不同本科生样本中得出的建构效度结论。探索性分析支持了 VSI 在不同性别间的不变性，而且 VSI 能区分饮食失调的高危和低危人群，并能预测一系列饮食失调的态度（如对身体不满意）和行为（如限制饮食、暴饮暴食、清肠、强迫性运动）。胃肠道特异性焦虑似乎与各种饮食失调行为具有跨诊断性，并与各种饮食失调严重程度相关。未来的工作可能包括开发饮食失调中消化道内脏敏感性的跨诊断模型，以及研究将 VSI 纳入大学筛查工作中。
{"title":"Further validation of the visceral sensitivity index: Psychometric properties and utility for predicting disordered eating in a diverse university sample","authors":"Kendall Poovey , Tiffany A. Brown , Diana Rancourt","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gastrointestinal (GI) visceral sensitivity (i.e., anxiety/worry over GI sensations) may be a key maintaining factor for disordered eating; however, it is unknown whether GI visceral sensitivity predicts the range of disordered eating behaviors in nonclinical samples. The current preregistered study aimed to replicate previous construct validity findings of the Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI; i.e., factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity) and examine its criterion-related validity for predicting a range of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in a diverse undergraduate sample. A total of 591 university students were retained in the final analytic sample (53 % women; 23 % Hispanic [Any Race], 10 % Asian, 9 % Black) and completed the VSI, disordered eating, and additional validity measures. A confirmatory factor analysis tested the factor structure of the VSI, and correlations were used to examine convergent and discriminant validity. Hierarchical regressions and <em>t</em>-tests were used to examine criterion-related validity. Results replicated previous construct validity findings in a diverse undergraduate sample. Exploratory analyses supported invariance of the VSI across gender and the VSI discriminated between individuals at high- versus low-risk for an eating disorder and predicted a range of disordered eating attitudes (e.g., body dissatisfaction) and behaviors (e.g., restricting, binge eating, purging, compulsive exercise). GI-specific anxiety appears to be transdiagnostic across disordered eating behaviors and relevant across the spectrum of disordered eating severity. Future work may include developing transdiagnostic models of GI visceral sensitivity in disordered eating and investigating inclusion of the VSI in university screening efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号