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Examining adverse life experiences, disordered eating behaviors and cognitions and weight loss treatment in Peru 考察秘鲁不良生活经历、饮食行为和认知紊乱以及减肥治疗
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101939
Genna Hymowitz , Yvette Karvay , Jessica Salwen-Deremer , Lucero Molina , Adam Gonzalez , Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo

Objective

Studies conducted in the US indicate that exposure to trauma, and stigma related to weight are environmental factors associated with the development of disordered eating. Few studies have explored psychosocial and contextual factors surrounding disordered eating in Latin American populations. This study examined everyday discrimination, verbal weight-related abuse, adverse childhood experiences, and disordered eating across individuals seeking versus not seeking weight loss treatment in Peru.

Method

Participants (N = 420) were recruited via social media and a weight management clinic in Peru. Participants completed disordered eating, everyday discrimination, verbal weight-related abuse, and adverse childhood experiences measures.

Results

The weight loss treatment seeking group showed greater disordered eating behaviors (dietary restraint) and cognitions (body dissatisfaction, overvaluation of shape/weight) compared to the non-weight loss treatment seeking group. Increased experiences of everyday discrimination, adverse childhood experiences, and verbal weight-related abuse were associated with greater levels of disordered eating behaviors and cognitions in both samples. Weight loss treatment seeking status was not a moderator of the relationships among disordered eating behaviors and cognitions, and everyday discrimination.

Discussion

Results suggest discrimination, adverse childhood experiences, and verbal weight-related abuse are associated with eating pathology, and more disordered eating and behaviors are seen in individuals seeking or engaged in weight loss treatment. Findings highlight the importance of evaluating eating pathology for individuals reporting, or at high risk for discrimination, childhood trauma or weight-related abuse.
在美国进行的研究表明,暴露于创伤和与体重有关的耻辱是与饮食失调发展相关的环境因素。很少有研究探索拉丁美洲人群中饮食失调的社会心理和环境因素。这项研究调查了在秘鲁寻求和不寻求减肥治疗的个体之间的日常歧视、体重相关的言语虐待、不良的童年经历和饮食失调。方法通过社交媒体和秘鲁一家体重管理诊所招募参与者(N = 420)。参与者完成了饮食失调、日常歧视、体重相关的言语虐待和不良童年经历的测量。结果寻求减肥治疗组与非寻求减肥治疗组相比,出现了更多的饮食行为失调(饮食限制)和认知失调(身体不满意、身材/体重高估)。在两个样本中,日常歧视、不良童年经历和言语上与体重有关的虐待的增加与更严重的饮食行为和认知紊乱有关。寻求减肥治疗的地位并不能调节饮食失调行为和认知以及日常歧视之间的关系。讨论结果表明,歧视、不良的童年经历和体重相关的言语虐待与饮食病理有关,并且在寻求或从事减肥治疗的个体中可以看到更多的饮食失调和行为。研究结果强调了评估个人饮食病理学的重要性,这些人报告或有遭受歧视、童年创伤或体重相关虐待的高风险。
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引用次数: 0
High shape and weight importance in adolescence relates to worse body image in the first perinatal period 青春期对身材和体重的重视程度较高与围产期的身体形象较差有关。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101931
Lyza Norton , Rebecca L. Emery Tavernier , Katie Loth , Susan Mason
Understanding whether shape and weight importance in adolescence relates to body image during the perinatal period is essential to inform eating disorder prevention and intervention research. We longitudinally examined the relationship between weight and shape importance during adolescence and body image during (1) pregnancy and (2) the first postpartum year. Participants included 554 women from the Life-course Experiences and Pregnancy (LEAP) study, a longitudinal cohort of women participating since adolescence in Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults). Participants reported shape and weight importance during adolescence (11–18 years old) for Project EAT and retrospectively recalled body image during and after their first pregnancy for the LEAP study 20 years later. Separate linear regression models estimated the longitudinal associations between adolescent shape and weight importance and pregnancy and postpartum body image. After covariate adjustment, results showed small, positive associations between adolescent shape and weight importance and pregnancy (B = 0.07 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.11) and postpartum (B = 0.10, 95 % CI: 0.06, 0.14) body image. These findings indicate that high shape and weight importance in adolescence relates to worse body image across the perinatal period. Results highlight the importance of (1) targeting the years prior to adolescence for eating disorder prevention interventions and (2) providing support and interventions for people in the perinatal period, specifically targeting body image.
了解青春期体形和体重的重要性是否与围产期的身体形象有关,对于饮食失调的预防和干预研究至关重要。我们纵向研究了青春期体重和体形重要性与(1)孕期和(2)产后第一年身体形象之间的关系。参与者包括 554 名来自 "生命历程经历与怀孕(LEAP)"研究的女性,该研究是自青春期起就参与 EAT 项目(青少年饮食与活动)的女性纵向队列。在 EAT 项目中,参与者报告了青春期(11-18 岁)的体形和体重重要性,在 20 年后的 LEAP 研究中,参与者回顾了第一次怀孕期间和之后的身体形象。独立的线性回归模型估计了青春期体形和体重重要性与怀孕和产后身体形象之间的纵向联系。经过协变量调整后,结果显示青少年体形和体重重要性与孕期(B = 0.07,95 % CI:0.02,0.11)和产后(B = 0.10,95 % CI:0.06,0.14)身体形象之间存在微小的正相关关系。这些研究结果表明,青少年时期对体形和体重的重视程度较高与围产期身体形象的恶化有关。研究结果凸显了以下两点的重要性:(1)针对青春期之前的饮食失调进行预防干预;(2)为围产期人群提供支持和干预,特别是针对身体形象的支持和干预。
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引用次数: 0
Using stereotype violation to shift causal understanding and attitudes about weight 利用违反刻板印象来转变对体重的因果理解和态度。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101930
Susan Persky , Junhan Chen , Kaylee Foor , Crystal Peterson , Christopher Fortney

Objective

We evaluated an approach to weight stigma reduction involving the provision of an exemplar inconsistent with belief systems underlying weight bias. Specifically, that people with higher weight eat unhealthy, high-calorie diets, and people with lower weight eat healthy, low-calorie diets. Providing exemplars that violate the stereotype's assumptions may lead to a change in beliefs, stereotypes, and ultimately, stigma.

Methods

In an experimental, web-based study, 682 US-based participants were randomized to read narrative vignettes about a fictional middle-aged woman portrayed as either having stable, high body weight, or stable, low body weight, and as eating a long-term diet that was either high- or low- in calorie-dense foods. Two stereotype violation conditions involved a woman with higher weight who maintains a low-calorie diet (HWLC) and a woman with lower weight who maintains a high-calorie diet (LWHC).

Results

For the HWLC exemplar, results were consistent with stereotype change processes including heightened genetic causal attributions, reduced lifestyle attributions, and more positive attitudes toward the exemplar and “women with obesity” in general. Response to the LWHC exemplar was more uneven.

Conclusions

Findings have implications in the understanding of judgments that people make about individuals based on their body size and dietary habits and suggests a new route for interventions that address weight stigma reduction.
目的:我们评估了一种减少体重成见的方法,即提供一个与体重偏见的基本信念系统不一致的范例。具体来说,就是体重高的人吃不健康、高热量的饮食,体重低的人吃健康、低热量的饮食。提供违反刻板印象假设的范例可能会导致信念、刻板印象的改变,并最终导致成见的改变:在一项基于网络的实验研究中,682 名美国参与者被随机安排阅读一个虚构的中年妇女的叙述性小故事,该妇女被描述为体重稳定、偏高或稳定、偏低,并长期食用高热量或低热量食物。两种违反刻板印象的情况分别是体重较高的女性保持低热量饮食(HWLC)和体重较低的女性保持高热量饮食(LWHC):对于 HWLC 范例,结果与刻板印象改变过程一致,包括遗传因果归因增加、生活方式归因减少,以及对范例和 "肥胖女性 "的总体态度更加积极。而对 "肥胖妇女 "范例的反应则更不均衡:研究结果有助于理解人们根据个人体型和饮食习惯对其做出的判断,并为减少体重污名化的干预措施提供了新的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Associations of adverse childhood events with disordered eating behaviors among US adolescents 美国青少年童年不良事件与饮食失调行为的关联。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101929
Affan Ghaffari, Katelyn Y. Graves, Shermeeka Hogans-Mathews, Kerwyn Flowers, Jeffrey S. Harman
The purpose of our study was to use recent nationally-representative data to 1) determine whether reported adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were associated with individual disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) for the US- based early and middle adolescent population; and 2) the extent to which individual ACE categories were associated with DEBs for this population. The study used cross-sectional data from the 2022 National Survey of Children's Health, which used parent-reported data. Inclusion criteria included all early (10–13 years of age) and middle-aged adolescents (14–17 years of age) (n = 24,173). Multiple logistic regressions were used to test the association between ACEs and DEBs while controlling for covariates. Both categories for ACEs (i.e. 1–2 ACEs and 3+ ACEs) exhibited a statistically significant association with three specific DEBs: skipping meals or fasting, low interest in food, and binge eating. Additionally, six of the seven ACE categories exhibited a statistically significant association with DEBs which included parent or guardian divorced, parent or guardian time in jail, adults slap, hit, kick, punch others, victim of violence, lived with mentally ill, and lived with person with alcohol/drug problem. Further studies are needed to examine mechanisms contributing to the increased risk of DEBs among those with ACE exposure.
我们的研究旨在利用最近的全国性数据:1)确定在美国青少年中,报告的童年不良经历(ACE)是否与个人饮食失调行为(DEB)相关;2)确定在这一人群中,ACE类别与个人饮食失调行为的相关程度。该研究使用了 2022 年全国儿童健康调查(National Survey of Children's Health)的横断面数据,该调查使用的是家长报告的数据。纳入标准包括所有早期(10-13 岁)和中年青少年(14-17 岁)(n = 24,173 人)。在控制协变量的情况下,我们使用多重逻辑回归来检验 ACE 与 DEBs 之间的关联。两个ACE类别(即1-2个ACE类别和3个以上ACE类别)均与三种特定的DEBs有显著的统计学关联:不吃饭或禁食、对食物兴趣低和暴饮暴食。此外,在七类 ACE 中,有六类与 DEBs 有明显的统计学关联,其中包括父母或监护人离婚、父母或监护人入狱、成年人掌掴、打人、踢人、拳打他人、暴力受害者、与精神病患者同住以及与有酗酒/吸毒问题的人同住。我们还需要进一步的研究来探讨导致那些有 ACE 暴露的人罹患 DEBs 风险增加的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Do premorbid weight parameters predict BMI 30 years after adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa? 病前体重参数能否预测青少年厌食症 30 年后的体重指数?
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101928
Peter Goldberg , Sandra Rydberg Dobrescu , Carina Gillberg , Christopher Gillberg , Maria Råstam , Michael Lowe , Elisabet Wentz

Purpose

To examine anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of adolescent AN.

Methods

A group of 51 individuals with adolescent-onset AN were identified in Sweden in 1985. Anthropometric data have been collected from birth records and school nurse charts. A group matched for gender, school and age constituted a healthy control group. Possible predictors of BMI 30 years after AN onset including ponderal index (a variable that estimates body proportionality and composition during the infancy period) and highest BMI Z score (highest BMI in childhood, adjusted for age and sex) were analyzed with linear regression and multivariate analysis.

Results

None of the five possible predictors were significantly correlated to BMI outcome 30 years after AN onset. In the control group, BMI at the 18- and 30-year follow-ups were statistically significantly predicted by ponderal index at birth (18-year follow-up: r = 0.36, p = .015; 30-year follow-up: r = 0.32, p = .034).

Conclusions

We found no statistically significant premorbid anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of AN. Ponderal index at birth appears to normally predict BMI outcomes in the general adult population. Having had AN during adolescence may have caused a disruption of the expected long-term BMI trajectory, resulting in a lower weight status than expected. These findings may be implemented in clinical practice to address patients' fear of exponential weight gain after recovery.
目的研究青少年自闭症发病30年后BMI的人体测量预测因素。方法1985年在瑞典发现了51名青少年自闭症患者。人体测量数据来自出生记录和学校护士的病历。一组在性别、学校和年龄方面相匹配的人构成健康对照组。通过线性回归和多变量分析,对 AN 发病 30 年后 BMI 的可能预测因素进行了分析,其中包括思索指数(估计婴儿期身体比例和组成的变量)和最高 BMI Z 分数(儿童期最高 BMI,根据年龄和性别进行调整)。在对照组中,18 年和 30 年随访的 BMI 与出生时的深思指数有明显的统计学预测关系(18 年随访:r = 0.36,p = .015;30 年随访:r = 0.32,p = .034)。出生时的胰岛素指数似乎可以正常预测一般成人的体重指数结果。青少年时期患上AN可能会破坏预期的长期BMI轨迹,导致体重状况低于预期。这些发现可用于临床实践,以解决患者对康复后体重呈指数增长的恐惧。
{"title":"Do premorbid weight parameters predict BMI 30 years after adolescent-onset anorexia nervosa?","authors":"Peter Goldberg ,&nbsp;Sandra Rydberg Dobrescu ,&nbsp;Carina Gillberg ,&nbsp;Christopher Gillberg ,&nbsp;Maria Råstam ,&nbsp;Michael Lowe ,&nbsp;Elisabet Wentz","doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To examine anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of adolescent AN.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A group of 51 individuals with adolescent-onset AN were identified in Sweden in 1985. Anthropometric data have been collected from birth records and school nurse charts. A group matched for gender, school and age constituted a healthy control group. Possible predictors of BMI 30 years after AN onset including ponderal index (a variable that estimates body proportionality and composition during the infancy period) and highest BMI Z score (highest BMI in childhood, adjusted for age and sex) were analyzed with linear regression and multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>None of the five possible predictors were significantly correlated to BMI outcome 30 years after AN onset. In the control group, BMI at the 18- and 30-year follow-ups were statistically significantly predicted by ponderal index at birth (18-year follow-up: r = 0.36, p = .015; 30-year follow-up: r = 0.32, p = .034).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found no statistically significant premorbid anthropometric predictors of BMI 30 years after the onset of AN. Ponderal index at birth appears to normally predict BMI outcomes in the general adult population. Having had AN during adolescence may have caused a disruption of the expected long-term BMI trajectory, resulting in a lower weight status than expected. These findings may be implemented in clinical practice to address patients' fear of exponential weight gain after recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11476,"journal":{"name":"Eating behaviors","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142437917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do impulse control difficulties moderate the relationship between intermittent fasting and disordered eating? 冲动控制障碍是否会缓和间歇性禁食与饮食失调之间的关系?
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101926
Kaoon Francois Ban , Shannon M. O'Connor

Background

Recent findings suggest positive associations between intermittent fasting (IF, i.e., an eating pattern that consists of alternating between consuming and abstaining calories over specified periods of time) and disordered eating (DE), including binge eating, laxative use, and self-induced vomiting. However, as not all individuals who engage in IF present with DE, the current study aimed to investigate whether 1) IF was associated with elevated DE, and 2) impulse control difficulties differentially predict DE in intermittent fasters compared to non-intermittent fasters.

Methods

Participants included 929 undergraduates (M = 19.8, SD = 2.97) from a university in the United States. IF was assessed with a single item question, “Do you intentionally engage in intermittent fasting in order to lose/maintain your weight or due to health-related motivations?” The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire was used to measure DE (i.e., global score, restraint, eating, shape, and weight concerns). One subscale from the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale was used to measure impulse control difficulties. Hierarchal regressions examined whether impulse control difficulties moderated the relationship between IF and DE while controlling for age, gender, race, and ethnicity.

Results

IF was significantly associated with all DE outcomes. Adjusted analyses indicated that impulse control difficulties moderated the relationship between IF and two DE outcomes (i.e., global score (b = 0.038, se = 0.017, t = 2.17, p < 0.05) and restraint (b = 0.042, se = 0.019, t = 2.22, p < 0.05)).

Discussion

These results support previous literature that suggests an association between IF and elevated DE. Further, individuals engaging in IF with impulse control difficulties may experience more feelings of restraint towards eating and increased overall DE though effects were small. Future research delineating who is at highest risk for DE when engaging in IF is needed.
背景:最近的研究结果表明,间歇性禁食(IF,即在特定时间内交替摄入和禁食卡路里的饮食模式)与饮食紊乱(DE)(包括暴饮暴食、使用泻药和自我诱导性呕吐)之间存在正相关。然而,并不是所有进行间歇性禁食的人都会出现进食障碍,因此本研究旨在探讨:1)间歇性禁食是否与进食障碍的增加有关;2)与非间歇性禁食者相比,冲动控制困难对间歇性禁食者进食障碍的预测是否存在差异:参与者包括来自美国一所大学的 929 名本科生(中位数 = 19.8,标准差 = 2.97)。间歇性禁食通过一个单项问题进行评估:"您是否为了减轻/保持体重或出于与健康相关的动机而有意进行间歇性禁食?饮食失调检查问卷用于测量饮食失调(即总分、克制、饮食、体形和体重问题)。情绪调节困难量表的一个分量表用于测量冲动控制困难。在控制年龄、性别、种族和民族的情况下,分层回归检验了冲动控制困难是否调节了 IF 与 DE 之间的关系:结果:IF 与所有 DE 结果均有明显相关性。调整分析表明,冲动控制障碍调节了 IF 与两项 DE 结果(即总分(b = 0.038,se = 0.017,t = 2.17,p 讨论))之间的关系:这些结果支持了之前的文献,即 IF 与 DE 升高之间存在关联。此外,有冲动控制困难的中频食者可能会对进食有更多的克制感,并增加整体的进食量,尽管影响很小。今后需要开展研究,以确定哪些人在进行综合食物时摄入过多食物的风险最高。
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引用次数: 0
Development and validation of the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children 2.0 开发并验证经修订的耶鲁儿童食物成瘾量表 2.0。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101927
Christina Horsager , Ashley N. Gearhardt

Objective

Scientific interest in the concept of food addiction is growing, but more studies are needed in youth samples. Brief, psychometrically valid, and developmentally appropriate measures are needed to support the assessment of food addiction in large-scale studies of youth that need to minimize participant burden. While a brief version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) exists for adults, no comparable scale exists for youth. Thus, the current study aimed to develop a brief and valid measure of food addiction for use in youth populations (the modified YFAS for children 2.0).

Method

Data stem from the Food Addiction Denmark (FADK) Project, where random samples of 559 adolescents from the general population and 413 adolescents from a population with mental disorder completed the 35-item original YFAS for children 2.0 (YFAS-C 2.0). An abbreviated 13-item version was developed, and the psychometric properties of the modified YFAS-C 2.0 (mYFAS-C 2.0) were then evaluated.

Results

The mYFAS-C 2.0 exhibited a one-factor structure and was found to have sound psychometric properties regarding internal consistency and convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. This was evident in both the general adolescent population sample and the sample of adolescents with mental disorders.

Conclusions

The mYFAS-C 2.0 provides a brief and psychometrically valid measure of food addiction for youth, which may be beneficial for study designs (e.g., epidemiological samples) that aim to minimize participant burden. Future research on the test-retest reliability of the mYFAS-C 2.0 and its psychometric properties in younger children are important next steps.
目的:科学界对食物成瘾这一概念的兴趣与日俱增,但需要对青少年样本进行更多的研究。在针对青少年的大规模研究中,我们需要简明、心理测量有效且适合青少年发展的测量方法来支持对食物成瘾的评估,从而最大限度地减轻参与者的负担。虽然耶鲁食物成瘾量表 2.0(YFAS 2.0)的简短版本适用于成年人,但却没有适用于青少年的量表。因此,本研究旨在开发一种适用于青少年群体的简明有效的食物成瘾量表(修订版儿童食物成瘾量表 2.0):数据来源于丹麦食物成瘾(FADK)项目,该项目随机抽取了 559 名普通人群中的青少年和 413 名精神障碍人群中的青少年,让他们填写 35 个项目的原始儿童食物成瘾量表 2.0(YFAS-C 2.0)。随后,我们开发了一个包含 13 个项目的简略版本,并对修改后的 YFAS-C 2.0(mYFAS-C 2.0)的心理测量特性进行了评估:mYFAS-C 2.0 采用了单因素结构,在内部一致性、收敛性、判别性和增量有效性方面具有良好的心理测量特性。这一点在普通青少年样本和有精神障碍的青少年样本中都很明显:mYFAS-C 2.0为青少年的食物成瘾提供了一种简短且心理测量有效的测量方法,这可能有利于旨在尽量减轻参与者负担的研究设计(如流行病学样本)。未来对 mYFAS-C 2.0 的重测可靠性及其在低龄儿童中的心理测量特性进行研究是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the longitudinal association between stress and unhealthy eating behaviors: The role of physical activity, BMI, and loneliness 探索压力与不健康饮食行为之间的纵向联系:体育锻炼、体重指数和孤独感的作用。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101924
Calorta Y.Z. Tan, Sandra Thijssen, Junilla K. Larsen, Kirsten J.M. van Hooijdonk, Sterre S.H. Simons, Jacqueline M. Vink
Previous cross-sectional research indicates a link between stress and unhealthy eating, but the longitudinal association remains unknown. This study examined the longitudinal association between perceived stress over a longer time period and unhealthy eating (i.e., sweet and savory snack intake, uncontrolled eating) in a student population. Moreover, we examined whether physical activity buffers such association, and examined whether this buffering effect is stronger for individuals with higher Body Mass Index (BMI) or greater loneliness. Two timepoints of online survey data (Time 1 Oct–Nov 2021, Time 2 May–July 2022) of Dutch university students (n = 1325, 74.7 % female, mean age 22.45 (SD = 2.31)) were used. Results revealed no longitudinal link between stress and snack intake in the total sample, but this association was found in a subgroup of individuals with a higher BMI. Stress at Time 1 was associated with later uncontrolled eating. Physical activity did not moderate the link between stress and unhealthy eating. However, we found a negative longitudinal link between physical activity and uncontrolled eating among individuals with a higher BMI. Our findings suggest that stress does not play an important role in explaining snack intake in university students, but may be associated with uncontrolled eating. Physical activity seems to be linked with a reduction in uncontrolled eating among individuals with a higher BMI specifically. Replication and extension of current findings in a more diverse (e.g., eating disordered) sample would increase insights into the (combined) effects of stress, BMI and physical activity on uncontrolled eating.
以往的横断面研究表明,压力与不健康饮食之间存在联系,但其纵向联系仍不得而知。本研究考察了学生群体在较长时间内感知到的压力与不健康饮食(即甜味和咸味零食摄入量、无节制饮食)之间的纵向关联。此外,我们还研究了体育锻炼是否能缓冲这种关联,并研究了这种缓冲作用是否对体重指数(BMI)较高或更孤独的个体更强。我们使用了两个时间点的在线调查数据(时间 1:2021 年 10 月至 11 月;时间 2:2022 年 5 月至 7 月),调查对象为荷兰大学生(n = 1325,74.7% 为女性,平均年龄 22.45(SD = 2.31))。结果显示,在所有样本中,压力与零食摄入量之间没有纵向联系,但在体重指数较高的亚组中发现了这种联系。时间 1 的压力与后来的饮食失控有关。体育锻炼并不能调节压力与不健康饮食之间的关系。然而,我们发现在体重指数较高的人群中,体育锻炼与失控饮食之间存在负向纵向联系。我们的研究结果表明,压力并不是大学生摄入零食的重要原因,但可能与饮食失控有关。在体重指数(BMI)较高的人群中,体育锻炼似乎与减少饮食失控有关。在更多样化(如饮食失调)的样本中复制和扩展目前的研究结果,将有助于深入了解压力、体重指数和体育锻炼对失控饮食的(综合)影响。
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引用次数: 0
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of eating disorders in liver transplanted patients with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight/obesity 关于患有 2 型糖尿病和/或超重/肥胖症的肝移植患者饮食失调患病率的横断面研究
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101925
Lucia Brodosi , Michele Stecchi , Giovanni Vitale , Beatrice Selvatici , Michela Genovese , Matteo Ravaioli , Matteo Cescon , Maria Cristina Morelli , Loris Pironi
Liver transplantation (LT) associates with weight gain and metabolic complications. However, risk of eating disorders post-transplantation and factors influencing their onset remain poorly understood. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by characterizing the risk of having eating disorders or Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) according to the EAT-26, BES and Bratman screening questionnaires in 104 liver transplant recipients (mean age 62.5 years; median time from LT 6 years) with type 2 diabetes and/or overweight/obesity. Eighty-two patients (78.9 %) had diabetes; mean BMI was 30.1 ± 5.9 kg/m2. Risk of eating disorders was observed in 6.9 %–10.8 % and the risk of orthorexia (Bratman test score > 4) was observed in 60.5 % of patients. A significant association was found between BMI and the likelihood of having eating disorders considering EAT-26 (OR = 0.17, p = .009). The absence of a direct link between diabetes and the risk of having eating disorders suggest multifactorial influences on post-transplant eating behaviors. The study highlights the importance of proactive screening to evaluate eating behaviors in liver transplant recipients to define tailored interventions and optimize post-transplant outcomes. Limitations refer to the observational nature of the study and the absence of pre-transplant data. Further research is warranted to validate these findings, elucidate temporal relationship between transplantation and the onset of eating disorders, and explore potential mechanisms underlying these associations. Such insights are crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the impact of eating disorders on post-transplant health and well-being.
肝移植(LT)与体重增加和代谢并发症有关。然而,人们对移植后饮食失调的风险及其发病的影响因素仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在填补这一知识空白,根据EAT-26、BES和Bratman筛查问卷,对104名患有2型糖尿病和/或超重/肥胖症的肝移植受者(平均年龄62.5岁,中位肝移植时间为6年)进行饮食失调或神经性厌食症(ON)筛查。82名患者(78.9%)患有糖尿病;平均体重指数(BMI)为30.1 ± 5.9 kg/m2。6.9%-10.8%的患者有饮食失调的风险,60.5%的患者有厌食症(Bratman 测试评分> 4)的风险。根据EAT-26,发现体重指数与患饮食失调症的可能性之间存在明显联系(OR = 0.17,p = .009)。糖尿病与饮食失调风险之间没有直接联系,这表明移植后饮食行为受多种因素影响。该研究强调了主动筛查以评估肝移植受者饮食行为的重要性,从而确定有针对性的干预措施并优化移植后的预后。该研究的局限性在于其观察性质以及缺乏移植前数据。有必要开展进一步研究,以验证这些发现,阐明移植与饮食失调之间的时间关系,并探索这些关联的潜在机制。这些见解对于制定有效策略以减轻饮食失调对移植后健康和幸福的影响至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of an education intervention focusing on comprehensive mindful eating and chewing habits on daily eating practices: A mobile tool-based randomized controlled trial 以全面注意饮食和咀嚼习惯为重点的教育干预对日常饮食习惯的影响:基于移动工具的随机对照试验
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101923
Ayano Chiba , Nobuo Yoshiike

Background

Mindful eating (ME) emphasizes full awareness of food consumption, incorporating the practice of eating slowly. Traditional interventions targeting slower eating rates often concentrate on chewing behavior, leaving the impact of ME largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ME program in improving eating rates and mindful eating compared to conventional education centered solely on chewing.

Methods

A total of 66 women university students were randomly assigned to either the ME (n = 33) or chewing intervention groups (n = 33). Education programs were delivered via smartphones over 8 weeks, with bi-weekly sessions where participants watched videos individually. The primary outcome was the eating rate, while the secondary outcome were eating style and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) assessed through web-based questionnaires. Measurements were taken pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 1 and 3 months follow-up. Statistical analysis was conducted using intention-to-treat analysis.

Results

Both the ME and chewing groups showed slower eating rates compared to baseline, indicating the effect's temporal persistence, with no significant differences found between them at the end of the intervention and at 1 and 3 months post-intervention. In addition, the ME group significantly increased the MEQ scores compared to the chewing group.

Conclusion

The educational program using ME reduced the rate of eating and achieved results similar to those of programs focused solely on chewing. Furthermore, it was effective in increasing MEQ scores. Based on these findings, a comprehensive education program that focuses on ME is recommended.
背景正念进食(ME)强调充分意识到食物的消耗,并将慢慢进食的做法融入其中。传统的针对减缓进食速度的干预措施通常集中在咀嚼行为上,而 ME 的影响在很大程度上尚未得到探讨。本研究的目的是评估 ME 计划在提高进食率和有意识进食方面的效果,并与仅以咀嚼为中心的传统教育进行比较。方法:66 名女大学生被随机分配到 ME 组(33 人)或咀嚼干预组(33 人)。教育课程通过智能手机进行,为期8周,每两周一次,参与者单独观看视频。主要结果是进食率,次要结果是进食方式和通过网络问卷评估的正念进食问卷(MEQ)。测量分别在干预前、干预后、1 个月和 3 个月的随访中进行。结果与基线相比,ME 组和咀嚼组的进食速度都有所减慢,这表明该效果具有时间持续性,在干预结束时以及干预后 1 个月和 3 个月,这两组之间没有发现显著差异。此外,与咀嚼组相比,ME 组的 MEQ 分数明显提高。此外,它还能有效提高 MEQ 分数。基于这些研究结果,建议开展以 ME 为重点的综合教育计划。
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引用次数: 0
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Eating behaviors
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