Pub Date : 2003-05-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.25.1.28.31123
B. Mcleod, L. Upfold
The self-report inventory Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) has been found to give significantly different results if applied at 2 weeks and 12 months post-fitting. This finding did not indicate when satisfaction is stabilised. While a number of studies have suggested benefit from aid fitting is stabilised by 4-6 weeks post-fitting, benefit is only a small part of satisfaction as measured by the SADL. As a consequence, there can be no certainty that the time delay between fitting and stability of benefit is similar to that of satisfaction. An investigation was undertaken of post-fitting changes in satisfaction as measured by the SADL. A total of 383 pensioner clients were asked to complete the SADL at times ranging from 2 weeks to 12 months post-fitting. A net return of 281 SADLs was obtained, with different rates of return depending on time since fitting and method of administration. Factors related to non-return were also investigated. Satisfaction was assessed for eight different times post-fitting. The results indicated that different aspects of satisfaction stabilise to long-term levels at different times after fitting. It was concluded that application of the SADL before the third month postfitting will overestimate long-term satisfaction in three of the five measures provided. As a consequence, decisions must be taken regarding when, and how, the measurement is to be performed.
{"title":"The Effect of Passing Time on Self-reported Satisfaction with Hearing Aid Amplification","authors":"B. Mcleod, L. Upfold","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.25.1.28.31123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.25.1.28.31123","url":null,"abstract":"The self-report inventory Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life (SADL) has been found to give significantly different results if applied at 2 weeks and 12 months post-fitting. This finding did not indicate when satisfaction is stabilised. While a number of studies have suggested benefit from aid fitting is stabilised by 4-6 weeks post-fitting, benefit is only a small part of satisfaction as measured by the SADL. As a consequence, there can be no certainty that the time delay between fitting and stability of benefit is similar to that of satisfaction. An investigation was undertaken of post-fitting changes in satisfaction as measured by the SADL. A total of 383 pensioner clients were asked to complete the SADL at times ranging from 2 weeks to 12 months post-fitting. A net return of 281 SADLs was obtained, with different rates of return depending on time since fitting and method of administration. Factors related to non-return were also investigated. Satisfaction was assessed for eight different times post-fitting. The results indicated that different aspects of satisfaction stabilise to long-term levels at different times after fitting. It was concluded that application of the SADL before the third month postfitting will overestimate long-term satisfaction in three of the five measures provided. As a consequence, decisions must be taken regarding when, and how, the measurement is to be performed.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123160527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.25.1.1.31128
F. Rickards
This article is a shortened version of the Denis Byrne Memorial Oration to the Joint Conference of the Audiological Society of Australia and the New Zealand Audiological Society in Melbourne in March 2002. The article focuses on the important developments relevant to the management of hearing impaired children.
{"title":"Audiology and the Educational Management of Children with Hearing Loss","authors":"F. Rickards","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.25.1.1.31128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.25.1.1.31128","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a shortened version of the Denis Byrne Memorial Oration to the Joint Conference of the Audiological Society of Australia and the New Zealand Audiological Society in Melbourne in March 2002. The article focuses on the important developments relevant to the management of hearing impaired children.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126740345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.2.59.31107
M. Meikle
Diagnostic and treatment efforts for severe tinnitus are currently impeded by the lack of standardised methods for measuring the negative impacts of tinnitus upon the affected individuals. Such efforts could benefit from application of the World Health Organization (WHO) method for categorising the negative effects caused by chronic conditions. The WHO method starts by defining the relevant impairment (physical or mental), which leads to disability, and finally to handicap. Evaluating each patient's status using the WHO categories of impairment, disability, and handicap can facilitate diagnostic and treatment efforts by clarifying relationships between specific problems and corresponding treatment needs. Systematic classification of patients' tinnitus-related problems in this way can serve as a basis for comparing the content domains of different tinnitus questionnaires, and also can contribute unifying themes to aid in developing standardised methods for evaluating the severity of tinnitus. Such standardised measures are needed in order to provide a rational basis for stratifying patients for assignment to different treatment groups, and they will greatly facilitate meta-analyses and other types of comparison and evaluation of treatment results obtained at different centers.
{"title":"A Conceptual Framework to Aid the Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Tinnitus","authors":"M. Meikle","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.2.59.31107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.2.59.31107","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnostic and treatment efforts for severe tinnitus are currently impeded by the lack of standardised methods for measuring the negative impacts of tinnitus upon the affected individuals. Such efforts could benefit from application of the World Health Organization (WHO) method for categorising the negative effects caused by chronic conditions. The WHO method starts by defining the relevant impairment (physical or mental), which leads to disability, and finally to handicap. Evaluating each patient's status using the WHO categories of impairment, disability, and handicap can facilitate diagnostic and treatment efforts by clarifying relationships between specific problems and corresponding treatment needs. Systematic classification of patients' tinnitus-related problems in this way can serve as a basis for comparing the content domains of different tinnitus questionnaires, and also can contribute unifying themes to aid in developing standardised methods for evaluating the severity of tinnitus. Such standardised measures are needed in order to provide a rational basis for stratifying patients for assignment to different treatment groups, and they will greatly facilitate meta-analyses and other types of comparison and evaluation of treatment results obtained at different centers.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123497324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.2.68.31109
J. Vernon
Hyperacusis is a well known phenomenon consisting of a collapse of loudness tolerance. The following generalisations can be made: (1) Hyperacusis is not heightened hearing sensitivity (hearing thresholds are not better than normal); (2) hyperacusis is often accompanied by tinnitus; (3) the severity of hyperacusis is usually inversely proportional to the pitch of the offending noise; (4) perhaps most important, overprotection of the ears is a natural reaction of hyperacusic patients but it must be avoided as it progressively exacerbates hyperacusis. A testing procedure, which involves determining loudness discomfort levels at a number if frequencies, will be described and typical data will be presented. Successful treatment for hyperacusis involves two components: First, training patients to use sound level meters to distinguish between truly damaging sound levels versus those which simply sound too loud; and second, instructing them in the use of a desensitisation program which involves listening to pink noise for several hours daily, starting at a low sound level and progressively increasing it over a period of several months. A new type of protective hearing device will also be described which allows the wearer to avoid loud sounds while preventing over-protection of the ears. When using the device, known as the Star 2001, hyperacusis patients are able to go out and about without fear of encountering loud sounds.The theoretical basis for hyperacusis is not yet known but a potential neural mechanism will be discussed.
{"title":"Hyperacusis: Testing, Treatments and a Possible Mechanism","authors":"J. Vernon","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.2.68.31109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.2.68.31109","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperacusis is a well known phenomenon consisting of a collapse of loudness tolerance. The following generalisations can be made: (1) Hyperacusis is not heightened hearing sensitivity (hearing thresholds are not better than normal); (2) hyperacusis is often accompanied by tinnitus; (3) the severity of hyperacusis is usually inversely proportional to the pitch of the offending noise; (4) perhaps most important, overprotection of the ears is a natural reaction of hyperacusic patients but it must be avoided as it progressively exacerbates hyperacusis. A testing procedure, which involves determining loudness discomfort levels at a number if frequencies, will be described and typical data will be presented. Successful treatment for hyperacusis involves two components: First, training patients to use sound level meters to distinguish between truly damaging sound levels versus those which simply sound too loud; and second, instructing them in the use of a desensitisation program which involves listening to pink noise for several hours daily, starting at a low sound level and progressively increasing it over a period of several months. A new type of protective hearing device will also be described which allows the wearer to avoid loud sounds while preventing over-protection of the ears. When using the device, known as the Star 2001, hyperacusis patients are able to go out and about without fear of encountering loud sounds.The theoretical basis for hyperacusis is not yet known but a potential neural mechanism will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125286901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.2.74.31105
Margaret M. Jastreboff, P. Jastreboff
The main objective of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) is habituation of activation of the autonomic nervous system, evoked by signals present in the auditory pathways. Sound therapy aims at decreasing the strength of these signals. The same systems in the brain are involved in tinnitus and decreased sound tolerance, and the same basic neurophysiological mechanisms are utilised for decreasing the tinnitusrelated neuronal activity and, in case of hyperacusis, abnormally enhanced activity induced by external sounds. The similarity of TRT treatment between tinnitus and misophonia is even closer, as in both situations the goal is to achieve extinction of functional connections between the auditory and the limbic and autonomic nervous systems. The increased gain within the auditory pathways that are presumably responsible for hyperacusis could enhance the tinnitus signal, thus it is possible to expect coexistence of tinnitus and hyperacusis, and the predisposition of hyperacusis patients to develop tinnitus. As such, for some patients tinnitus and hyperacusis may be considered the double manifestation of the same internal phenomenon.
{"title":"Decreased Sound Tolerance and Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT)","authors":"Margaret M. Jastreboff, P. Jastreboff","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.2.74.31105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.2.74.31105","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) is habituation of activation of the autonomic nervous system, evoked by signals present in the auditory pathways. Sound therapy aims at decreasing the strength of these signals. The same systems in the brain are involved in tinnitus and decreased sound tolerance, and the same basic neurophysiological mechanisms are utilised for decreasing the tinnitusrelated neuronal activity and, in case of hyperacusis, abnormally enhanced activity induced by external sounds. The similarity of TRT treatment between tinnitus and misophonia is even closer, as in both situations the goal is to achieve extinction of functional connections between the auditory and the limbic and autonomic nervous systems. The increased gain within the auditory pathways that are presumably responsible for hyperacusis could enhance the tinnitus signal, thus it is possible to expect coexistence of tinnitus and hyperacusis, and the predisposition of hyperacusis patients to develop tinnitus. As such, for some patients tinnitus and hyperacusis may be considered the double manifestation of the same internal phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122638212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.2.57.31108
Pam Gabriels
The highlights of the 7th International Tinnitus Seminar are presented in the following article. The papers that were of particular interest during the seminar were those presented by the keynote speakers and guest speakers.
第七届国际耳鸣研讨会的亮点将在以下文章中介绍。研讨会期间特别令人感兴趣的是主讲人和嘉宾发表的论文。
{"title":"Summary of Highlights from the 7th International Tinnitus Seminar","authors":"Pam Gabriels","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.2.57.31108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.2.57.31108","url":null,"abstract":"The highlights of the 7th International Tinnitus Seminar are presented in the following article. The papers that were of particular interest during the seminar were those presented by the keynote speakers and guest speakers.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125143365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.2.92.31110
W. Wilson
Wavelets and wavelet analysis represent a significant advance in our ability to record and analyse auditory evoked potentials (AEPs). Obtaining knowledge about this growing area can be difficult, however, as existing wavelet reviews are typically entrenched in mathematical theory. This paper provides the first practical wavelet review written for the clinical audiologist. Specifically, the paper will answer the question “what is a wavelet”, describe continuous and discrete wavelet analyses, describe four of the most promising applications of AEP wavelet analysis, review AEP wavelet research conducted to date, and comment on AEP wavelet applications for the future. It is hoped this review will give audiologists a better understanding of current AEP wavelet research, and prepare them for the clinical implications that will follow.
{"title":"Wavelet Analysis for Audiologists","authors":"W. Wilson","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.2.92.31110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.2.92.31110","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelets and wavelet analysis represent a significant advance in our ability to record and analyse auditory evoked potentials (AEPs). Obtaining knowledge about this growing area can be difficult, however, as existing wavelet reviews are typically entrenched in mathematical theory. This paper provides the first practical wavelet review written for the clinical audiologist. Specifically, the paper will answer the question “what is a wavelet”, describe continuous and discrete wavelet analyses, describe four of the most promising applications of AEP wavelet analysis, review AEP wavelet research conducted to date, and comment on AEP wavelet applications for the future. It is hoped this review will give audiologists a better understanding of current AEP wavelet research, and prepare them for the clinical implications that will follow.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122879436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.2.85.31106
R. Tyler
{"title":"Considerations When Evaluating a Tinnitus Patient for Compensation","authors":"R. Tyler","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.2.85.31106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.2.85.31106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116797052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-05-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.1.49.31114
L. Cropper, J. Kei, V. Smyth, M. Maurer, June Young, D. Tudehope, B. McPherson
The present study examined the effect of stimulus number on two pass criteria in neonatal transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) screening. Participants were 25 normal, full-term neonates (mean age = 2.7 days, SD = 1.3), with normal peripheral auditory function in both ears. The Otodynamics ILO88 (Quickscreen) program was used and the TEOAE spectrum was analysed after the presentation of 10, 50, 100 and 260 stimuli. Two pass criteria were used: Criterion 1 - whole wave reproducibility (WWR) ≥ 60%, and Criterion 2 - SNR ≥ 3 dB for all three frequency bands centered at 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 kHz. The results revealed that the number of stimuli used to achieve a "Pass" status depended on the pass criterion and the activity state of neonates. Although the use of an initial minimum stimulus number of 50 in neonatal TEOAE screening is justified, clinicians should continue testing if necessary until a set of predetermined stopping criteria are satisfied.
{"title":"Neonatal Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions Screening: How Many Stimuli Are Enough?","authors":"L. Cropper, J. Kei, V. Smyth, M. Maurer, June Young, D. Tudehope, B. McPherson","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.1.49.31114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.1.49.31114","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the effect of stimulus number on two pass criteria in neonatal transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) screening. Participants were 25 normal, full-term neonates (mean age = 2.7 days, SD = 1.3), with normal peripheral auditory function in both ears. The Otodynamics ILO88 (Quickscreen) program was used and the TEOAE spectrum was analysed after the presentation of 10, 50, 100 and 260 stimuli. Two pass criteria were used: Criterion 1 - whole wave reproducibility (WWR) ≥ 60%, and Criterion 2 - SNR ≥ 3 dB for all three frequency bands centered at 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 kHz. The results revealed that the number of stimuli used to achieve a \"Pass\" status depended on the pass criterion and the activity state of neonates. Although the use of an initial minimum stimulus number of 50 in neonatal TEOAE screening is justified, clinicians should continue testing if necessary until a set of predetermined stopping criteria are satisfied.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121941089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-05-01DOI: 10.1375/AUDI.24.1.1.31113
K. Plant, L. Whitford, P. Seligman, Katie Hill, L. Winton, J. Decker, Emma Rushbrooke, Lia Lassig
A multi-centre study was conducted involving 93 children, aged 5.7 to 18.0 years, who approached their cochlear implant centres for conversion from the body-worn Spectra to the ear-level ESPrit22 processor. Eighty-seven per cent of the children attending the centres could be fitted with the ESPrit22 without any program adjustment, 9% required some adjustment and 4% were unable to be fitted with the ESPrit22 because of high power requirements in the speech processor program. For subjects requiring significant adjustment to stimulation mode for ESPrit22 fitting an initial decrease in word recognition was observed, with progressive improvement over time. For those subjects where direct conversion from the Spectra to the ESPrit22 was possible (n = 60) mean monosyllabic open-set word recognition at initial fitting was equivalent between the two processors. However after using the ESPrit22 for a period of 4 weeks there was a significant improvement in performance from 46.5% with the Spectra to 54.4% with the ESPrit22. A similar pattern was observed for BKB sentence recognition in noise with a smaller group of 8 subjects. The majority of children reported immediate adjustment to the ESPrit22 and chose to use the ESPrit22 for most of the time in a range of listening environments.
{"title":"Conversion from the Body-worn Spectra to the Ear-level ESPrit22 in Children","authors":"K. Plant, L. Whitford, P. Seligman, Katie Hill, L. Winton, J. Decker, Emma Rushbrooke, Lia Lassig","doi":"10.1375/AUDI.24.1.1.31113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1375/AUDI.24.1.1.31113","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-centre study was conducted involving 93 children, aged 5.7 to 18.0 years, who approached their cochlear implant centres for conversion from the body-worn Spectra to the ear-level ESPrit22 processor. Eighty-seven per cent of the children attending the centres could be fitted with the ESPrit22 without any program adjustment, 9% required some adjustment and 4% were unable to be fitted with the ESPrit22 because of high power requirements in the speech processor program. For subjects requiring significant adjustment to stimulation mode for ESPrit22 fitting an initial decrease in word recognition was observed, with progressive improvement over time. For those subjects where direct conversion from the Spectra to the ESPrit22 was possible (n = 60) mean monosyllabic open-set word recognition at initial fitting was equivalent between the two processors. However after using the ESPrit22 for a period of 4 weeks there was a significant improvement in performance from 46.5% with the Spectra to 54.4% with the ESPrit22. A similar pattern was observed for BKB sentence recognition in noise with a smaller group of 8 subjects. The majority of children reported immediate adjustment to the ESPrit22 and chose to use the ESPrit22 for most of the time in a range of listening environments.","PeriodicalId":114768,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Audiology","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116895518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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