The study was designed to investigate rural women’s involvement in food and agriculture businesses in Yobe State, Nigeria. Specifically, the research identified key agricultural interventions involving women, the viability of agribusiness, and constraints faced by rural women in the study area. Descriptive statistics, household and financial analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used for data analysis. The study found that the Fadama Develeopment Programme was the most frequently reported (29%) and most effective intervention. Agribusinesses run by women were not only viable but also profitable. It recorded an average gross margin ratio (GMR) and return on investment (ROI) of 0.67 and 1.40, respectively. Ho wever, the achievements have met critical challenges such as a lack of women’s inclusion, security threats in the region, cultural barriers, and a lack of awareness. To this end, the study recommends maintaining women’s inclusion from program and intervention design to implementation. In addition, the security architecture of the region should be improved through local whistleblowers and cooperation. Finally, counselors should train and build the capacity of the local community, especially the women’s group .
{"title":"Rural Women Participation in Nutrition and Agri-Entrepreneurial Development: Empirical Evidence from Yobe State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Sanusi, Usman Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.189256.1362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.189256.1362","url":null,"abstract":"The study was designed to investigate rural women’s involvement in food and agriculture businesses in Yobe State, Nigeria. Specifically, the research identified key agricultural interventions involving women, the viability of agribusiness, and constraints faced by rural women in the study area. Descriptive statistics, household and financial analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used for data analysis. The study found that the Fadama Develeopment Programme was the most frequently reported (29%) and most effective intervention. Agribusinesses run by women were not only viable but also profitable. It recorded an average gross margin ratio (GMR) and return on investment (ROI) of 0.67 and 1.40, respectively. Ho wever, the achievements have met critical challenges such as a lack of women’s inclusion, security threats in the region, cultural barriers, and a lack of awareness. To this end, the study recommends maintaining women’s inclusion from program and intervention design to implementation. In addition, the security architecture of the region should be improved through local whistleblowers and cooperation. Finally, counselors should train and build the capacity of the local community, especially the women’s group .","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89380333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A two-year study was conducted at Giza Research Station, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt during 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 seasons to evaluate the yield potential of twenty-five lupine genotypes and identify their morphological traits compared with cultivar Giza 1. Twenty six genotypes (75 B 15.17, 75 B 9.15, P 20950, Family 2, Family 4, Family 11, Family 12, Local 12, Local 20, Line 6, Line 15, Line 21, X1/90/72, Sakolta, Qena, Edfo, Isna 1, Isna2, Isna 6, Isna 7, Qous 1, Qous 3, Qous 4, Qous 5, Belbais 9 and Giza 1) were distributed in a randomized complete blocks design in three replications. Sixteen morphological traits were described using UPOV (The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plant) Guidelines. The morphological characterization indicated that the short or medium growth habits of genotypes at the flower bud stage were absent, and very tall genotypes at the green repining stage were not observed. Also, violet, pink, light yellow, and dark yellow flower wings, as well as late or very late maturing genotypes were absent. Moreover, stem anthocyanin coloration and the leaf green color at the flower bud stage, as well as the density of seed ornamentation were observed in all genotypes. The combined analysis of variance showed that lupine genotypes differed significantly for all the studied traits. Meanwhile, seasonal effects and their interactions were not significant for all the studied traits. Genotypes Qous 5 and P 20950 had a higher number of branches and pods per plant. Meanwhile, genotypes Qous 3 and Qous 5 had a higher number of seeds per plant and 100-seed weight. GT-biplot analysis revealed that Qous 4, Belbais 9, Family 2, P 20950, Qous 5, Qous 3 and Qous 1 are considered the most desirable genotypes for yield traits. In addition to, cluster (C) that contains nine genotypes (Family 2, Qous 5, Family 4, Edfo, Isna 6, Isna 2, Belbais 9, Qous 4 and Giza 1) surpassed the other genotypes in seed yield per plant. Concerning on high-yielding genotypes per unit area, Qous 3 and Qous 5 can be promising genotypes for selection criteria to increase lupine productivity. On the basis of previous information and relationships identified, genotypes Qous 4, Belbais 9, Family 2 and Qous 5 can be distinguished for lupine development and preparation future breeding programs in Egypt.
{"title":"Morphological characterization and agronomic traits of some lupine genotypes","authors":"A. Ahmed, E. I. Abdel-Wahab, Zeinab E. Ghareeb, A. Ashrei","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.193896.1349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.193896.1349","url":null,"abstract":"A two-year study was conducted at Giza Research Station, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt during 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 seasons to evaluate the yield potential of twenty-five lupine genotypes and identify their morphological traits compared with cultivar Giza 1. Twenty six genotypes (75 B 15.17, 75 B 9.15, P 20950, Family 2, Family 4, Family 11, Family 12, Local 12, Local 20, Line 6, Line 15, Line 21, X1/90/72, Sakolta, Qena, Edfo, Isna 1, Isna2, Isna 6, Isna 7, Qous 1, Qous 3, Qous 4, Qous 5, Belbais 9 and Giza 1) were distributed in a randomized complete blocks design in three replications. Sixteen morphological traits were described using UPOV (The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plant) Guidelines. The morphological characterization indicated that the short or medium growth habits of genotypes at the flower bud stage were absent, and very tall genotypes at the green repining stage were not observed. Also, violet, pink, light yellow, and dark yellow flower wings, as well as late or very late maturing genotypes were absent. Moreover, stem anthocyanin coloration and the leaf green color at the flower bud stage, as well as the density of seed ornamentation were observed in all genotypes. The combined analysis of variance showed that lupine genotypes differed significantly for all the studied traits. Meanwhile, seasonal effects and their interactions were not significant for all the studied traits. Genotypes Qous 5 and P 20950 had a higher number of branches and pods per plant. Meanwhile, genotypes Qous 3 and Qous 5 had a higher number of seeds per plant and 100-seed weight. GT-biplot analysis revealed that Qous 4, Belbais 9, Family 2, P 20950, Qous 5, Qous 3 and Qous 1 are considered the most desirable genotypes for yield traits. In addition to, cluster (C) that contains nine genotypes (Family 2, Qous 5, Family 4, Edfo, Isna 6, Isna 2, Belbais 9, Qous 4 and Giza 1) surpassed the other genotypes in seed yield per plant. Concerning on high-yielding genotypes per unit area, Qous 3 and Qous 5 can be promising genotypes for selection criteria to increase lupine productivity. On the basis of previous information and relationships identified, genotypes Qous 4, Belbais 9, Family 2 and Qous 5 can be distinguished for lupine development and preparation future breeding programs in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85013938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact the harvest time on yield and quality of some promising sugarcane varieties","authors":"Ebaid M.M. Yousif, A. mohamed, M. Galal","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194834.1369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194834.1369","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76107744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of combining ability and heterosis for grain yield, yield components, and some grain quality traits in rice under water deficit conditions","authors":"M. Shehab, S. El-Naem, E. Daher, H. Hamad","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.196976.1377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.196976.1377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75026505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Accelerating rice breeding can be accomplished through various approaches, including molecular or conventional techniques. In this regard, some rice breeding programs around the world have changed to use rapid generation advancement (RGA) as a new breeding method. The objectives of this investigation are to establish and implement RGA techniques at the Rice Research & Training Center (RRTC) to develop new, improved, blast disease-resistant, and high-yielding varieties more quickly and at a low cost. Three F 2 populations, (Giza177 x Sakha Super300), (IR75589-31 x Giza178), and (Giza179 x IR59673-93-2-3-3-2), were advanced to F 2 and evaluated in Lines Stage Trials (LST) and preliminary yield trials (PYT). RGA facilities were installed at the greenhouse of the RRTC, and the F 2 plants of each population were harvested individually. One seed from each panicle was used to cultivate the next generation (F 3 ) according to the single seed descent (SSD) method. The RGA technique was successfully implemented at RRTC with simple multipot trays and the maintenance of the greenhouse and screen house. The early generations (F 2 , F 3 , F 4 , and F 5 ) showed good performance in the greenhouse; the narrow space and low fertilizer led to early flowering. promising RGA lines, SK-RGA2-5, SK-RGA2-9, and SK-RGA3-6, revealed grain yields of more than 11.0 t/ha compared with the check varieties, Giza177, Giza178, and Sakha super300, which gave 9.57, 10.17, and 10.50 t/ha, respectively. For grain quality traits, most of the test RGA lines and check varieties have low to medium amylose content, ranging between 17.83 and 23.13%. RGA lines and check varieties gave desirable values for hulling and milling. In general, hulling% ranged between 80.0 and 85.0%, and milling% ranged between 69.43 and 73.0%.
{"title":"Shorten rice breeding cycle and developing new promising lines","authors":"R. El-Namaky, S. Seedek, Osama Elbadawy, Saied Sultan, Mervat Awadallah, A. Tahoon, A. Taha","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.195656.1373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.195656.1373","url":null,"abstract":"Accelerating rice breeding can be accomplished through various approaches, including molecular or conventional techniques. In this regard, some rice breeding programs around the world have changed to use rapid generation advancement (RGA) as a new breeding method. The objectives of this investigation are to establish and implement RGA techniques at the Rice Research & Training Center (RRTC) to develop new, improved, blast disease-resistant, and high-yielding varieties more quickly and at a low cost. Three F 2 populations, (Giza177 x Sakha Super300), (IR75589-31 x Giza178), and (Giza179 x IR59673-93-2-3-3-2), were advanced to F 2 and evaluated in Lines Stage Trials (LST) and preliminary yield trials (PYT). RGA facilities were installed at the greenhouse of the RRTC, and the F 2 plants of each population were harvested individually. One seed from each panicle was used to cultivate the next generation (F 3 ) according to the single seed descent (SSD) method. The RGA technique was successfully implemented at RRTC with simple multipot trays and the maintenance of the greenhouse and screen house. The early generations (F 2 , F 3 , F 4 , and F 5 ) showed good performance in the greenhouse; the narrow space and low fertilizer led to early flowering. promising RGA lines, SK-RGA2-5, SK-RGA2-9, and SK-RGA3-6, revealed grain yields of more than 11.0 t/ha compared with the check varieties, Giza177, Giza178, and Sakha super300, which gave 9.57, 10.17, and 10.50 t/ha, respectively. For grain quality traits, most of the test RGA lines and check varieties have low to medium amylose content, ranging between 17.83 and 23.13%. RGA lines and check varieties gave desirable values for hulling and milling. In general, hulling% ranged between 80.0 and 85.0%, and milling% ranged between 69.43 and 73.0%.","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90760922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technical efficiency of artisanal fish production in Yobe State, Northeast, Nigeria","authors":"Ashley-Dejo Samuel","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.185232.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.185232.1320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86046318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rice is a strictly self-pollinating crop. However, in hybrid rice seed production, an effective male sterility system is used to produce hybrid seed in bulk. In a hybrid rice system, the pollen grains of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines are sterile, and the female organ of the CMS depends on the fertile pollen released by the maintainer or restorer lines via out-crossing or cross-pollination to produce seeds. Floral traits and growth behavior of CMS and its corresponding maintainer and restorer lines are essential factors in hybrid rice seed production because they influence outcrossing or cross-pollination. Seeds of the 4 maintainer lines, or B lines, and the 5 restorer lines were treated with five gamma radiation doses: 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy, to study their mutagenic effect on the growth, yield, and floral traits of these rice genotypes, as well as to induce genetic variability for selecting plants with desirable characters. Results showed that all growth, yield, and floral traits studied in the M1 generation decreased steadily with increasing doses of gamma rays when compared to the control. The dose of 300 Gy recorded the highest mean values for some growth, yield, and floral traits studied in the M2 generation when compared to the control. The genotype-dose interaction was significant and highly significant for all growth, yield, and floral traits studied in M1 and M2 segregating generations except for anther width in the M1 generation, which indicated that the tested genotypes varied from treatment to treatment. The highest values for growth and yield traits were recorded when using Giza 178, Giza 182, and the IR 58025B mutant with 300 Gy of gamma rays in the M2 segregating generation. And the highest values for floral traits were recorded when using Giza 182 and the IR 70368B mutant with 300 Gy of gamma rays in the M2 segregating generation. The measurements of variation were, in general, higher in the treated plants at M2 generation. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of the mean was recorded for most studied traits, suggesting the improvement of these characters through simple phenotypic selection. Used irradiation by gamma-ray exhibited different genetic variability for the development of restorer and maintainer lines, such as desirable plant height, early heading, and high yield plants. Also, improving floral traits such as the length and width of anthers, percentage of pollen fertility, number of pollen grains per anther, total stigma length, and stigma width
{"title":"Improvement of restorer and maintainer lines in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by gamma radiation","authors":"M. Ghazy, H. Hamad, Neama K. El-Kolly","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.194132.1360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.194132.1360","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a strictly self-pollinating crop. However, in hybrid rice seed production, an effective male sterility system is used to produce hybrid seed in bulk. In a hybrid rice system, the pollen grains of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines are sterile, and the female organ of the CMS depends on the fertile pollen released by the maintainer or restorer lines via out-crossing or cross-pollination to produce seeds. Floral traits and growth behavior of CMS and its corresponding maintainer and restorer lines are essential factors in hybrid rice seed production because they influence outcrossing or cross-pollination. Seeds of the 4 maintainer lines, or B lines, and the 5 restorer lines were treated with five gamma radiation doses: 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 Gy, to study their mutagenic effect on the growth, yield, and floral traits of these rice genotypes, as well as to induce genetic variability for selecting plants with desirable characters. Results showed that all growth, yield, and floral traits studied in the M1 generation decreased steadily with increasing doses of gamma rays when compared to the control. The dose of 300 Gy recorded the highest mean values for some growth, yield, and floral traits studied in the M2 generation when compared to the control. The genotype-dose interaction was significant and highly significant for all growth, yield, and floral traits studied in M1 and M2 segregating generations except for anther width in the M1 generation, which indicated that the tested genotypes varied from treatment to treatment. The highest values for growth and yield traits were recorded when using Giza 178, Giza 182, and the IR 58025B mutant with 300 Gy of gamma rays in the M2 segregating generation. And the highest values for floral traits were recorded when using Giza 182 and the IR 70368B mutant with 300 Gy of gamma rays in the M2 segregating generation. The measurements of variation were, in general, higher in the treated plants at M2 generation. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of the mean was recorded for most studied traits, suggesting the improvement of these characters through simple phenotypic selection. Used irradiation by gamma-ray exhibited different genetic variability for the development of restorer and maintainer lines, such as desirable plant height, early heading, and high yield plants. Also, improving floral traits such as the length and width of anthers, percentage of pollen fertility, number of pollen grains per anther, total stigma length, and stigma width","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82587823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Combined effect of planting spaces, Humic acid, and NPK fertilizer on the infestation rates of certain insect pests and rust disease on common bean plants and resulted from yield.","authors":"F. Mostafa, M. Tantawy, A. Hanafy","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.202634.1392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.202634.1392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81189064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“مراجعة منهجية لاستكشاف مجتمعات الممارسة الزراعية تحت الظروف المصرية من خلال تحليل مصادر معلوماتها” “A systematic review to explore the agricultural communities of practices under the Egyptian conditions through analyzing its information sources”","authors":"Mohamed Kassem","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.207133.1401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.207133.1401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81765255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heterosis and combining ability of two-line system in hybrid wheat production as a hybrid wheat technology in Egypt","authors":"Hamed Barakat","doi":"10.21608/ejar.2023.191980.1338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejar.2023.191980.1338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11513,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82792885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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